microgrids designing an improved grid · 2015. 3. 6. · stanley works conceptual microgrid layout...
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MICROGRIDS DESIGNING AN IMPROVED GRID WWW.SWITCHGEARPOWER.COM
North America
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Utility Grade Central generation including renewables 50-25’000 MW • Grid has evolved, due to policies, and is primarily
central generation.
HV grid a backbone for long distance bulk power transmission at 110-1200 kV (AC or DC) • Costs and social resistance has increased on the build
out of transmission lines.
MV grid for a local power distribution at 6-69 kV Distributed generation including renewables 1-25 MW • Recent storms and unforeseen events have uncovered
serious weaknesses in our central/transmission/distribution grid.
LV grid for the “last mile” power distribution at 110-1000 V Sub-utility generation including renewables 0.005-1 MW Roof top solar, DER’s causing problems to grid operators.
IS THIS REAL AND PRACTICAL?
A Microgrid as Explained by Steve Jobs
New Campus
Apple AC2
Steve Jobs explains
the campus design
Grid is backup to Apple Power Plant
What’s a microgrid?
An integrated energy system consisting of interconnected
loads and distributed energy resources which can operate either
connected to or “islanded” from the existing utility power grid.
Power generation near consumption
Improved performance of Renewable Power
Byproduct (steam/hot water) of energy yields greater potential for efficiency and alternate services
Byproduct of production as well- biomass, biogas, etc.
Optimization of power
Production close to consumption = tighter coordination and repetition
Utility Grid support
Sell power back to grid due to financial optimization
Volt/Var
Voltage and frequency
Reliable Industrial Automation of Generation
Improve Reliability (truly redundant approach)
Grid is back-up
Power Automation improves performance
Highly reliable systems used in much more extreme cases (glass, steel, etc)
MV Distribution
Improved power backbone
Smaller switchgear to point of consumption
Better use of Capital
Eliminate:
Transfer Switches
Paralleling Gear
Limited UPS installation (IT only)
Government Incentives
Utilities and Consumers Different Evolution Path
Source: Greentech Media Research
i. Concept
i. Conceptual business case analysis and technical services
ii. Engineering Services
i. Includes: Interconnect, protection and control, load flow, static and dynamic modeling, etc.
iii. Control Platform
i. Must be real time automation – hardware/firmware
ii. Software for optimization
iv. Grid Stabilization Solution
i. Important for seamless power
v. Integration Services
vi. 24/7 Monitoring
14MW PV Power Plant
TITLE:
CLIENT: Internal
DRAWING NO.:
FILE NAME: For internal use
REV DESCRIPTION DRN DATE CKD
SHEET NO.
TYPICAL MICROGRID CRITICAL POWER
A MB Layout bl 06.15.13 BL
0011/1
GEN 3 4MW
B
BESS 12MW
Energy Storage SystemGrid Stabilization
GEN 2 2MW
GEN 1 4MW
Feeder
Utility
Feeder
Feeder
Feeder
Utility
MV
Pow
er Bus
CT
MG Controller
MG Controller
MG Controller
MG Controller
MG Controller
MG Controller
MG Controller CT
Feeder Controller
Feeder Controller
Feeder Controller
Feeder Controller
LV G
en B
us
Server Utility
MG Controller
LVMV
60
60.05
59.95
f [Hz]
t [sec]
Absorb power
Supply power
Stored energy [MWh]
Stored energy [MWh]
Frequency regulation Load leveling
10
5
Load [MW]
t [hrs]
Supply power
Absorb power
Grid
ESS
G
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S
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B
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Inherent volatility of renewable energy can compromise grid stability
The renewable energy integration solution must address requirements traditionally fulfilled by diesel generation (base load)
Frequency and voltage control
Sufficient spinning reserve
Sufficient active and reactive power supply
Peak shaving and load levelling
Load sharing between generators
Fault current provision
Renewable energy generation capacity should be sized to maximize ROI and fuel savings
Grid Stabilization System
Spinning Reserve / Step Load / Real Case
60
55
65
Grid Stabilization System
850 kW load steps – Test of Reaction
©
ABB
Gro
up
850kW ON 850kW OFF
60hz
59hz
62hz
61hz
Features:
High power; low energy
High Duty Cycle
Grid Stabilizing
Scalable & Modular
Frequency Control
Voltage Control
Fault Ride Through
Spinning Reserve (Virtual
Generator)
Step Load Capabilities
Voltage reference for renewables
only mode
Power
AC/DC
Grid
480V 60Hz
Reactive
Real
Power
Real
Power
G
• Battery
• Capacitor
• Flywheel
Remote
control
center
Office
Local
control
center
Plant floor
Power
grid
Embedded software
From protection logic in protection relays to
interactive functionality in measurement devices
and robot controllers, embedded software is a key
component for most products and systems.
Software systems
Used to control and coordinate operational
processes across industry sectors, from chemical
plants, building management, IT, to power grids.
Enterprise software
Bridge the divide between operational data and
business intelligence, delivering actionable
information
Plant Optimization
Enhancing operations and improving performance
Data Center Campus
G G G G
480 V AC
Grid Stabilization
NAT. GAS TURB.4.6 MW
STEAM TURB2 MW
DIESEL GEN1.5 MW
TITLE:
CLIENT: Internal
DRAWING NO.:
FILE NAME: For internal use
REV DESCRIPTION DRN DATE CKD
SHEET NO.
STANLEY WORKS CONCEPTUAL MICROGRID LAYOUT
A STANLEY ONELINE 04.14.14 JJ
0011/1
B
NAT. GAS TURB.4.6 MW
34.5 kV AC, UNDERGROUND DISTRIBUTION
CL&P 690TO BLACKROCK
SUBSTATION
69
kV
69
kV
TO RAINBOW DAM
SOLAR PV FARM
A
B
DATA CENTER LOAD 1
DATA CENTER LOAD 2
Feeder ControllerFeeder Controller
MG Controller
MG Controller MG Controller
MG Controller MG Controller
MG Controller
MG ControllerMG Controller
Server
Utility
Brad Luyster
www.switchgearpower.com
919-389-8485
Greg Shallbetter
920-582-7277