UCAM

MICROBIONA Edition

www.uca.malmicrobiona

Second edition of the international congress: "Microbial Biotechnology for Development"(MICROBIOD 2). 02-04 October 2012. web site: www.uca.ma/microbiona

Mots ch~s: Pseudomonas sp.Exopolysaccharide, levane, rhizosphere, ble duro

CA-I-63Genetic transformation of

Moroccan bread wheat by biolisticusing plasmid pBY520containing

barley OVAt gene

Danielle Christelle TINAK EKOM'·3,2

Sripada M. UDUP A , Mohammed Nabil3

BENCHEKROUN , Moulay Mustapha4 I

ENNAJI , Driss IRAQI

'Biote'chnology Research Unit, Institut National de la

Recherche Agronomique (INRA), BP 415, Avenue dela Victoire, Rabat, Morocco. 2ICARDA-INRA

Cooperative Research Project, International Centerjor Agricultural Research in the Dry Areas(ICARDA). B.P. 6299, Rabat, Morocco. JLaboratory

of Health and Environment Biotechnologies, Faculte

des Sciences et Techniques Mohammedia, UniversiteHassan II Mohammedia-Casablanca, PO 146

Mohammedia 20650 Morocco. 'Laboratory of

Virology and Hygiene & Microbiology, Faculte des

Sciences et Techniques Mohammedia, UniversiteHassan II Mohammedia-Casablanca, PO 146Mohammedia 20650 Morocco. E-mail:

danvtinakla!.vahoo.rr

Backeround: Wheat is the most importantcereal crop and a staple food in Morocco. Theaverage annual per capita consumption ofcereals in Morocco is estimated at over 200 kgper person. Drought is the most importantenvironmental stress affecting the wheat crop,causing a severe decrease in performance.Moreover, the transfer of resistance to abioticstresses such as drought, using traditionalapproaches is limited because of the complexityof the characteristics of tolerance. However,genetic transformation can help in improvingthis trait, while overcoming the difficulties ofclassical improvement. Therefore, this study wasformulated with the objectives of genetictransformation of Moroccan bread wheat variety('Marchouch') with gene known to be involvedin drought tolerance (barley HVA I gene carriedby plasmid pBY520).Methods: Immature embryos as explants fromMoroccan bread wheat variety ('Marchouch')

were excised for callus induction. PlasmidpBY520 (carried by E. coli strain construct)containing HVA I gene was extracted and weperformed the genetic transformation by biolistictechnique. After shooting, the transformedembryos were selected, multiplied and finallyregenerated into plantlets. The confirmation ofgene integration by molecular biologytechniques was carried out using PCRtechniques.Results: The percentage of induction ofembryogenic tissue calculated one week afterthe bombardment was 94%. After selection,18% of callus survived. Thirteen plantlets wereobtained from callus selected and were

confirmed as transformed by the PCR usingprimers 358 and Bar highlighting the integrationof the gene HVAI.Conclusion: Transgenic plants obtainedencouraged us to continue research usingphysiological analysis in order to assess theexpression of this gene of drought toleranceintegrated in bread wheat.

Keywords: Bread wheat; HVA I gene; Droughttolerance; Genetic transformation; PlasmidpBY520.

CA-I-64

Optimising Subsidiary CropApplications in Rotations

(OSCAR): A Perspective for theNorth Africa Region

S.M. Udupa', J. Elhaddoury2, S. KrimiBencheqroun2, I. Thami-Alami3, F.

Henkrar3, J.P. Barese14, M.R. Finckh5

'International Center jor Agricultural Research inthe Dry Areas (ICARDA), B.P. 6299, Rabat, Morocco(~.udUf}ala!.cfliar.orf!) 21nstitut Nationale de laRecherche Agronomique (INRA), B.P. 589, Sellat,Morocco

JInstitut Nationale de la Recherche Agronomique(INRA), B.PAI5, Rabat, Morocco 'TechnicheUniversitiit Miinchen, DepartmentPjlanzenwissenschajien, Lehrstuhl fiirPjlanzenerniihrung, Emil-Rahmann-Str. 2, 85354Freising, Germany JEcological Plant Protection,Faculty of Organic Agricultural Sciences, Universityof Kassel, Nordbahnhofttr. Ia, D-37213Witzenhausen, Germany

Communications ajJichees - Theme II Poster communications - Topic I 152

Second edition of the international congress: "Microbial Biotechnology for Development"(MICROBIOD 2), 02-04 October 2012, web site: www.uca.ma/microbiona

Communications affichees - Theme II Poster communications - Topic I

Backeround: For sustainable improvement ofwheat-based farming systems in the NorthAfrica, there is a need to improve plant health,soil health and fertility. One approach to achievethis is by integrating subsidiary crops (SC) asliving or dead mulches or cover crops with themain crops in rotations, which will increaseplant species and microbial diversity andreducing water demand in dry climates.

Methods: A collaborative research projectfunded by EU FP 7 (Project No. 289277) was

in.i!iated in April 2012, in partnership withEuropean Union (public research organizationsand private sector small and medium enterprisesof Germany, Norway, Sweden, Denmark, theNetherland, UK, Poland, Switzerland and Italy),Brazil and Morocco (INRA-Morocco andICARDA), in order to enhance understandingand use of SC systems, develop suitable farmtechnologies, increase the range of SC species,and enhance understanding of impact of SC onsoil ecology, biology and microbial diversity andcrop pests and diseases.

Results: Based on two field experiments inMorocco (Sidi AI-Aidi and Sidi Allal-Tazi), theproject will assess the economic and ecologicalimpact including legume root health and soilhealth, fertility and microbial diversity andcompare the results with other sites in Europe.Screening of new species and genotypes willresult in identification of range of potentiallyuseful plant species for SC for the North Africaand Europe. The identified SC species will betested for their potential as forage and forextraction of useful biochemicals.

Conclusion: The results of the project as awhole will be of use for and improvesustainability in low-input, organic, andconventional farming systems in the NorthAfrica, Latin America and Europe.

Kevwords: Subsidiary crops, Plant health, Soilhealth, Microbial diversity.

CA-I-65

Role des proteines et des enzymesantioxydants dans la resistance des

jeunes plantules de cypres del' Atlas (Cupressus atlantica G.) au

stress hydrique

ZARIK L. 1,KHOULASSA S. I,

OUHAMMOU A.I, HAFIDI M.I,OUAHMANE L.I,

BOUMEZZOUGH A I & DUPONNOISR.I,2

1 Laboratoire d'Ecologie et Environnement, Uniteassociee CNRST-URAC32, Universite Cadi Ayyad,Faculte des Sciences Semlalia, Marrakech, Maroc.

2 lRD, LsrM Montpellier, FranceE-mail: lamia.zarik@gmail.com

Contexte: Le cypres de l'Atias (Cupressus

atlantica G.), espece endemique du Haut AtlasOccidental, est sans doute, I'une des especesforestieres du Maroc ayant la plus grandepotentialite sylvicole alors que son aire naturelleserait Iimitee a environ 6000 ha. Le cypres deI' Atlas presente dans toute son aire de repartitionune absence presque totale de regenerationnaturelle a cause des secheresses episodiquesconnues dans ces regions et de la surexploitationhumaine. La presente etude porte surl'evaluation des effets d'une inoculation avec un

complexe mycorhizien sur la resistance desjeunes plants de cypres de I' Atlas a un stresshydrique.

Methodes: Un regime hydrique a ete appliqueaux plantules du cypres de I' Atlas en conditionscontr6lees pendant quatre mois, et Ie suivi de lacroissance et de la reponse physiologique etbiochimique des plantules a ete realise.

Resultats: Les resultats preliminaires ont montreque I'inoculation avec Ie complexe dechampignons mycorhiziens a un effet significatif(p<0,05) sur la croissance des jeunes plants deCypres de I' Atlas quel que soit Ie regimehydrique par rapport aux plants non mycorhizesstresses ou non. Les jeunes plants de Cypres deI' Atlas ont montre un ajustement osmotique enreponse au stress hydrique. Les jeunes plantsinocules et non inocules ont ete compares parrapport a leur capacite a accumuler la proline,les sucres solubles totaux, PO, PPO, PAL etCAT dans leurs feuilles sous stress hydrique, lesteneurs obtenues ayant indique la resistance desjeunes plants mycorhizes au stress hydrique parrapport a ceux non mycorhizes.

Conclusion: II ressort aussi de cette etude queI'inoculation des jeunes plants par un complexe

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