Microbiology Unit 1

Bacteria Archaea Fungi

Protozoa Algae Viruses

Multicellular Animal

Parasites

Unicellular

Prokaryotes (no nucleus)

Shapes: Bacillus (rodlike)

Coccus (spherical)

Spiral (corkscrew)

Cell walls composed of peptidoglycan

Reproduce by binary fission (dividing into two cells)

Some autotrophs, some heterotrophs

Many can “swim” using flagella

Prokaryotes

Cells walls lack peptidoglycan

Extreme environments

Methanogens: produce methane as a waste product of respiration

Extreme halophiles: extremely salty environments

Extreme thermophiles: hot sulfurous water

Not known to cause human disease

Eukaryotes (cells have a nucleus & organelles)

Unicellular or multicellular Unicellular: yeast

Multicellular: mushrooms, molds

Cell walls composed of chitin

Reproduce sexually or asexually

heterotrophs

Unicellular

Eukaryotic

Move by Pseudopods (false feet): amoebas

Long flagella

Numerous short cilia

Can live either free or as parasites (derive nutrients from a living host)

Reproduce sexually or asexually

Photosynthetic

Eukaryotes

Sexual and asexual reproduction

Cell walls composed of cellulose (like plants)

Unicellular (for microbiology purposes)

Living???

Acellular (not cellular)

Most only seen with electron microscope

Made of a core of DNA or RNA surrounded by a protein coat

Can only reproduce using the cellular machinery of other organisms

Helminths (parasitic worms) Two major groups: Flatworms and roundworms

Microscopic in size during some stages of their life cycle