microbes microscopic life forms that cannot be seen by the unaided eye may be plant or animal may be...
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MICROBES
• Microscopic life forms that cannot be seen by the unaided eye
• May be plant or animal
• May be prokaryotic or eukaryotic
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Importance of Microbes
• Pathogenic
• Help cure / prevent disease
• Break down organic matter to inorganic forms (decompose, recycle)– Autotrophs (inorganics)– Animals (organics)– Decomposers (inorganics, external digestion!)
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Importance of Microbes
• Spoil foods
• Make / flavor foods
• Petroleum & Coal: unrecycled remnants
• Decay wooden structures
• Corrode iron & steel, damage concrete
• Food source
• Allow fouling community establishment
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Classification of Microbes
Plant vs Animal cell
Cell Wall
Chloroplasts
Cell Nucleus
Organelles/ Vacuoles
Cytoplasm
Cell Membrane
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Classification of Microbes
Prokaryotic vs Eukaryotic
NuclearMembrane
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Classification of Microbes
Prokaryotic
• Domain– Archaea
• Domain– Bacteria
Domains and Kingdoms
Eukaryotic
• Domain Eukarya– Protista– Fungi– Plantae– Animalia
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Archaeabacteria [Prokaryotic]
• Methanococcus jannaschii– 1st archaea to be genetically sequenced
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Bacteria [Prokaryotic]
• Blue-green algae– Cyanobacteria
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Protista [Eukaryotic]
• Micro- & macro-algae
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Fungi [Eukaryotic]
• Molds
• mycelia = ‘body’• hyphae = threads
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Fungi [Eukaryotic]
• Molds
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Molds (Ich, fin-tail rot)
2x
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Fungi [Eukaryotic]
• Molds
• Yeast
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• Molds
• Yeast
• Fungi
Fungi [Eukaryotic]
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Bacteria Morphology (shapes)
• Coccus (cocci)• spheres
• Bacillus (bacilli)• rods
• Spirillus (spirilli)• spiral, corkscrew (spirochetes)
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Bacteria Morphology (shapes)
Coccus (cocci)– diplococcus
– streptococcus
– staphylococcus
Gonorrhea
pneumonia
Staph infections
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Bacteria Morphology (shapes)
Bacillus (bacilli)
E. colicholera
Legionnaire’s diseasemeningitis
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Bacteria Morphology (shapes)
Bacillus (bacilli)
salmonella
peptic ulcers
tuberculosis
whooping cough
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Bacteria Morphology (shapes)
Spirillus (spirilli)
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Growth (culture) of MICROBES
• Natural media– Extracts– Infusions
• Synthetic media– Nutrient broth– Nutrient agar
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Broth Solidifiers
Gelatin• Animal protein• Melts @ 20°C
• Digested by microbes
Agar• Plant carbohydrate• Melts @ ~100°C,
solidifies @ ~42°C• NOT digested by
(terrestrial) microbes
Which is useful for incubation at human body temperature?