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TRANSCRIPT
Heritage PlazaCadillac, Michigan
School of Planning, Design and Construction
MICHIGAN MUNICIPAL LEAGUE
PlacePlan
Better Communities. Better Michigan.
MICHIGAN MUNICIPAL LEAGUE
PlacePlanHeritage PlazaCadillac, Michigan
July 15, 2014
PlacePlan: Cadillac, Michigan
Contents
Acknowledgments MIplace Initiative PlacePlans Technical Assistance Team Members Local Partners
1 Preface Cadillac’s Heritage Plaza
3 Introduction Project Overview Overview of Existing Site
5 Methodology Overview National Charrette Institute’s Charrette System MML Stakeholder Interview Process
6 Community Input Phase One: Community Kick-Off Workshop Phase Two: Design Charrette
9 Heritage Plaza Design Considerations Design Parameters Key Design Principles and Elements
11 Place Assets Recommendations for Action Physical Design and Walkability Environmental Sustainability Cultural Economic Development Entrepreneurship Multiculturalism Transportation Options Messaging and Technology Education
29 Appendix
PlacePlan: Cadillac, Michigan
School of Planning, Design and Construction
Acknowledgments
Local Partners
The PlacePlan Technical Assistance Team would like to acknowledge the Cadillac City staff, elected, and appointed officials for their constant support and assistance. The local partners ensured that the team had data, documents, and the community input necessary for completing the analysis and resulting asset, planning, and design recommendations for the Cadillac Heritage Plaza site. Special thanks to Jerry Adams, Community Development Director, and Mike Coy, Community Development Analyst, for their contributions.
The PlacePlan Technical Assistance Team would like to express their sincere gratitude to the dozens of residents, business owners, land owners, and other stakeholders that attended the Community Visioning Meeting and Multiple-Day Design Charrette and provided feedback during this process. Additionally, the team would like to thank the Elk’s Lodge for their hospitality and support for the design charrette portion of this process, and the downtown Goodrich theater for hosting the final presentation. These gathering spaces were a key component in creating an inviting and comfortable public access point to share thoughts and ideas for this project. Placemaking begins with a community-supported vision for what makes a place a true destination in the community; without you, this process would not be possible.
PlacePlan Technical Assistance Team Members
MIplace Initiative
The MIplace Partnership is a statewide initiative with the purpose of keeping Michigan at the forefront of a national movement known as placemaking. It is based on the concept that people choose to live in places that offer the amenities, resources, social and professional networks, and opportunities to support thriving lifestyles. The partnership helps communities create and bolster those places. It is led at the state agency level by the Michigan State Housing Development Authority (MSHDA) and coordinated through a public-private leadership collaborative known as the Sense of Place Council. Michigan State University and the Michigan Municipal League, the partners on this project, are collaborators with the Sense of Place Council. Learn more at: http://www.miplace.org/
Michigan Muncipical LeagueLuke ForrestHeather Van PouckerAdam CookRichard Murphy
Michigan State University School of Planning, Design, and ConstructionFaculty Co-PI’s Warren RauheWayne Beyea
Research Assistants Jack McDonoughJoe JohnsonNick TafelskyMorgan Temple
MSU Extension Educators Kurt Schindler
michigan municipal league
PlacePlan: Cadillac, Michigan | 1
The following proposed design, land use regulatory tools, and asset optimization recommendations for the Cadillac Place-Plan project fall under the planning ap-proach called placemaking. The placemak-ing approach helps communities identify and build upon their unique strengths and personalities to grow and thrive: it leverages the public spaces within the community, and the activities of people in those spaces, to build virtuous cycles of use. Whether applied to a single lot, a street, or an entire downtown or neighborhood, placemaking helps communities raise up their distinct character both to best serve their residents and to attract new residents and businesses.
Much of the community planning practice of the 20th century focused on separating potentially “incompatible” land uses, providing for the rapid growth in detached sin-gle-family housing stock, treating commercial real estate as a commodity to serve the global invest-ment market’s demand for standardization, and
facilitating increased mobility through the personal car (to travel between these newly separated destinations). The broad applica-tion of these trends ignored the human-scale interactions of traditional downtowns and neighborhoods, weakening many of our communities.
Communities must differentiate themselves to attract residents and businesses as the economy continues to globalize. Placemak-ing’s approach of engaging around existing assets supports this goal while honoring local culture and community.
PrefaceCadillac Heritage Plaza
Downtown Cadillac Photo Source: http://sunshinenomads.blogspot.com/
PlacePlan: Cadillac, Michigan | 3
Overview of Existing SiteThe proposed project site is centrally located in downtown Cadillac, bound by store fronts on Mitchell Street (US-131BR), Cass Street, the Lake Cadillac shoreline, and Harris Street. Mitchell Street is a state trunkline and designated US-131 business route. Mitchell is the primary route into and through downtown Cadillac. Cass and Harris are local streets.
The project area is presently experiencing a series of exciting placemaking projects in different stages of planning and execution. These include a new apartment complex by Baker College of Cadillac providing market rate housing for thirty-two students enrolled in the college’s advanced technical and medical programs, major redevelopment of a former coffee café/house into a combination restaurant and brew pub, extension of the White Pine Non-Motorized Bike Trail into the core downtown, the upgrading of the Rotary Per-forming Arts Pavilion and pavilion site located along the Lake Cadillac Shoreline, and the redevelopment of a central public parking lot linking Mitchell Street businesses with the City Park and shoreline.
Community agencies and organizations and the private sec-tor recognize that the strategic planning and harmonization of downtown redevelopment activities are critical to the goal of successful placemaking for downtown Cadillac.
In response to the MIplace Partnership
request for applications, the City of Cadil-
lac submitted a request for assistance
with a focus on the Heritage Plaza area, a
lakeside block of Downtown Cadillac that
offers historical charm and sophistication
that represents the City as a whole. A
physical design plan is needed to help
future development of this area; provide a
framework within which public and pri-
vate initiatives may be accomplished in a
coordinated fashion; capitalize on, while
protecting, the area’s environmental and
aesthetic qualities; foster downtown
placemaking; elevate the area’s business
synergy; and, serve as a blueprint for
guiding the planning and development of
locations immediately adjacent to the
project area. Addressing this space will
coincide with current projects that in-
clude the new Baker College student
housing, new businesses, and connections
to the White Pine Non-Motorized Bike
Trail. This placemaking based project area
includes 20 businesses, upper story apart-
ments, the Cadillac City Park, Rotary
Performing Arts Pavilion, Lakefront Park,
Keith Mckellop Pedestrian Pathway, and
the eastern shoreline of Lake Cadillac.
IntroductionProject Overview
The existing pavilion is used for community events. Photo Source: http://www.downtowncadillac.com/
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In order to provide carefully considered
asset, planning, and design recommenda-
tions for implementation of a plaza devel-
opment project in Cadillac, the following
process was carried out for gathering the
necessary information and input:
• Reviewed local/regional land use plans and relevant data
• Inventoried assets that fulfill MML’s 21st
Century Community criteria
• Conducted interviews with stakeholders
• Held three community meetings:
• Phase One: Community Visioning
• Phase Two: Design Charrette
• Phase Three: Final Report Presentation
National Charrette Institute’s Charrette SystemThese phases were carried out in line with the National Charrette Institute’s (NCI) Charrette System. With objectives that include creating a safe environment in which all members can participate in planning their community, planning for scenarios at the neighborhood scale, bringing an on-the-ground reality to community planning by creating demonstration projects that often turn into real catalytic development, and anchoring public involvement with realistic constraints, the Cadillac community was engaged in NCI’s three planning phases, including a stakeholder interview process.
MML Stakeholder Interview ProcessA critical element of the charrette process is engagement, including the preparatory work of interviewing stakeholders in advance of the design charrette meetings. The purpose is to identify key stakeholders and allow ample opportunity for input in a non-public setting for groups with a considerable vested interest in the project. Initial stakeholder analysis was prepared by MML staff, who identified priority individu-als and groups and provided that information to the City for review and input. Representatives from MML and MSU then held interviews aimed at promoting a shared understanding of the project, identifying priorities, concerns, and potential barriers to success.
MethodologyOverview
Autumn in Cadillac Photo Source: https://www.facebook.com/cityofcadillac/photos
6 | PlacePlan: Cadillac, Michigan
Phase One: Community Kick-Off WorkshopAt the onset of the Cadillac Heritage Plaza Project, the City of Cadillac hosted a kick-off community visioning meeting. The visioning session was held on December 5th, 2013. During the meeting, attendees were challenged to think about, discuss with others, and document their thoughts. This included what about Cadillac makes them proud, what they are sorry about, and what they would like to see in Cadillac (especially within the development site) in the future. To encourage creative visions over the long-term, questions were posed such as “you’re in a hot air balloon over the site 15 years from now – what would you like to look down on?” and provided white sheets of drawing paper and markers to encourage not only written comments, but an opportunity to share visuals. Figure 1 summarizes the findings from the Community Visioning Meeting.
Phase Two: Design CharretteOn March 4th and 5th, 2014, a multiple-day design charrette was held to gauge stakeholder feelings towards the plaza. Prior to the meetings, an array of design images were produced to visualize the many directions in which the plaza could go. After all of the images and concepts were introduced, participants broke off into small groups and sat down at tables where facilitators led discussions about the project. After a series of questions were asked and a mul-titude of ideas were exchanged at each table, participants were then asked to write on notecards what they liked and didn’t like about the design images. Participants also shared additional comments on post-it notes and placed them on pictures of the design concepts for the Plaza. This two-day process revealed the similar and varying sentiments towards the Plaza and thereby enabled the planning team to establish priorities for the final report.
Proud
Sorry
Vision
Physical Environment:Small town charm, parking availability, accessibility, green space, attractions, outdoor activities
Public Services:Regional headquarters of DNR, DEQ, state police, good school system, festivals, and volunteerism
Traffic & Parking:Parking issues, no snow mobile access, street infrastructure in poor condition, railroad tracks a barrier
Physical Environment:Lack of housing, poor business diversity, historic architecture covered, street utilities an eyesore
New Development:Diverse multi-level housing, more restaurants, outdoor markets
Site Amenities and Activity:Greenery, more people, public art, more docks, ice skating, year-round activities
Figure 1: Visioning Session Summary
Community Input
8 | PlacePlan: Cadillac, Michigan
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PlacePlan: Cadillac, Michigan | 9
Heritage Plaza Design Considerations
Key Design Principles and ElementsMany of the key design principles that drove much of the specific design elements came from the feedback received throughout the first two phases of the community engage-ment process. Attendees frequently commented on the need for better connection between Lake Cadillac and Mitchell Street, two of the prominent physical figures of the downtown. In an effort to accomplish this, the parking between the park and the backs of Mitchell street busi-nesses was moved to sides of the site, adjacent to Cass and Harris Streets. Additionally, a remake of the alley creates a pedestrian-oriented area with added business frontage allowing for a four seasons outdoor café and gar-den space. It also accommodates business deliveries and allows for emergency access for fire, police and EMS. An arcade connection through the buildings fronting Mitchell Street connects to the Plaza with a grand staircase to the plaza level.
This connection allowed for another key principle for Heritage Plaza: the central core, which is based on a multi-use, multi-seasonal, flexible space for community events, festivals, and public gathering. This includes art fairs, summerfest/winterfest type events, a splash pad in the summer, ice skating in the winter (including a fireplace), musical events, and much more. Surrounding the central core is a plethora of seating and gathering areas for small groups and individuals accompanied by a small children’s playscape, public art, and shaded green space.
Sustainability and environmentally sensible design was an important key principle expressed by everyone involved in the design process. Much of the existing mature trees and the Memorial Fountain remain preserved, while additional plantings that are introduced to the site are beautiful na-tive, low maintenance species. The close proximity of Lake Cadillac is important to the undeniable sense of place of Downtown Cadillac. An additional dock allows for a better connection for boaters to downtown. A wooden boardwalk behind the pavilion connects both docks to the fishing pier behind the pavilion, which will allow for anglers and boats to have their own space to enjoy their favorite summer time hobbies.
As a solution to an often debated topic, vehicular access to Lake Street remains, but also incorporates a Complete Streets approach for pedestrians and bicyclists, with the addition of controlled barrier features (called bollards) at each end allowing for the street to be shut off for pedestri-an use only. Prominently marked crosswalks across Lake St. ensure a strong physical connection from the plaza to Lake Cadillac and the pavilion. To ensure the safety of all visitors, indirect lighting along pathways and major gather-ing spaces encourages visitors to confidently use the plaza during evening hours without suppressing the mood of the night sky. The overall design concept on the facing page illustrates the major planning and design considerations for Heritage Plaza.
Design ParametersIn an effort to plan and redesign City Park of Downtown Cadillac, collaboration with the community, key stakeholders, and city officials lead to a few design parameters that define what the space will look like in the future. Important characteristics of Cadillac such as history, tradition, and culture helped drive much of the “Heritage” concept. Additionally, tangible elements like Lake Cadillac, the downtown business frontage, building types, parking space, vehicular and pedestrian movement, and accessibility, along with beautification and sustainability concerns helped shape the site. Finally, programming elements and usability requirements such as event types, crowd size, flexible spacing, seasonal usage, and other reasons that people would visit the Plaza began to drive the overall sense of place that Downtown Cadillac was striving to achieve.
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Place AssetsRecommendations for Action
The Placemaking approach helps commu-nities identify and build upon their unique strengths and personalities to grow and thrive: it leverages the public spaces within the community, and the activities of people in those spaces, to build virtuous cycles of activity. Whether applied to a single lot or alley, a street, or an entire downtown or neighborhood, placemaking helps communi-ties raise up their distinct character both to best serve their residents and to attract new residents and businesses.
Communities must differentiate themselves
to attract residents and businesses as the
economy continues to globalize. The place-
making approach of engaging around existing
assets supports this goal while honoring local
culture and community. While each community will have a different mixture of assets and
opportunities, several common elements support placemaking in a broad variety of places.
These common elements provide a sound foundation that communities can build on with
their individual assets through the placemaking process. The following pages illustrate the
recommendations and implementation strategies for each asset category.
• Physical Design and Walkability• Environmental Sustainability• Cultural Economic Development• Entrepreneurship
• Multiculturalism• Transportation Options• Messaging and Technology• Education
Downtown Cadillac Photo Source: https://www.facebook.com/cityofcadillac/photos
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Physical Design and WalkabilityThe physical design and walkability of a community helps create interest, connectivity and overall sense of place. Walkability and connectivity can afford people safe and convenient access to the places they live, work, shop, and play. The challenge is that oftentimes our streets are designed to prioritize cars, aiming to move them through a community as quickly as possible without appropriate consideration for pedestrians, bicyclists and other users. Market analysis continues to show that preferences are changing, and more people want to live in neighborhoods with walkable downtowns with a variety of transportation options that provide access to cultural, social, and entertainment opportunities. Walkability not only helps to create a strong sense of place, it promotes a strong local economy and healthy lifestyle.
Asset AnalysisThe downtown Cadillac area is highly walkable, due to its traditional street grid and mix of destinations—WalkScore proclaims it a “Walker’s Paradise” with a score of 95 out of 100. There are some limitations, though; WalkScore focuses on routes to destinations without addressing the quality of those routes, so improvements to the pedestrian experience could make the project area still more attractive for walking. For example, many of the side streets branch-ing off of Mitchell, including those leading to the waterfront park area, do not offer much of interest to pedestrians: they are flanked by blank walls or smaller “side” windows, rather than building entrances or display windows that would naturally draw pedestrian interest.
Similarly, off-street parking lots can discourage pedestrians, both by offering little of interest as well as exposing pedestrians to wind, cars entering and exiting, and other negative conditions. The City’s website boasts of over 1,500 parking spaces in downtown (including both on- and off-street)1. Parking is clearly important to seasonal tourist traffic arriving in town, so reducing the number of spaces may not be an option, but the City should take care to manage
parking to minimize the amount of excess space, as well as make sure the sidewalk frontage of off-street lots is attractively designed.
Finally, Mitchell Street is currently 5 lanes wide in down-town, plus parking lanes: multi-lane streets can inhibit pedestrian crossing even at signals by offering higher speeds and wider expanses of exposure to traffic. MDOT’s 2012 traffic counts show fewer than 15,000 vehicles travel this stretch daily2, which may provide opportunities to redesign the street to emphasize downtown access by vehicles and pedestrians over through travel.
A pedestrian-oriented alley behind the Mitchell St. businesses directly connects users
from Mitchell St. to the Plaza, Lake Cadillac waterfront, and adjacent downtown blocks.
1 “Parking in Cadillac’s Business Improvement District,” City of Cadillac, accessed April 25, 2014, http://www.cadillac-mi.net/DocumentCenter/View/792
2 “2012 Average Daily Traffic (ADT) Maps,” Michigan Department of Transportation, accessed April 28, 2014, https://www.michigan.gov/mdot/0,1607,7-151-9622_11033_11149---,00.html
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Recommendations
• Incentivize or require “active” facades on side streets, especially streets like Cass and Martin that lead to public amenities
• Evaluate Mitchell Street traffic patterns redesign the street to provide more space for pedestrians and business district patrons
• Identify any under-utilized off-street parking areas and consider repurposing them for active uses
• Ensure that access to Heritage Plaza is adequate for all, including those with disabilities
Implementation Opportunities
• Encourage Cadillac’s City Council to adopt form-based code to allow for uniformity among structures and facades
• Work with MDOT and the Street Division of the Cadillac Department of Public Works to ensure adequate signage as well as street markings for increased pedestrian safety
• Reconfigure the orientation of parking behind the Mitchell Street businesses while still maintaining 85% of the existing parking spaces
• Create better connections to adjacent public parking
• Retain the vast majority of parking within Heritage Plaza while creating additional open space
• Reconfigure the layout of sidewalks within Heritage Plaza to allow for greater walkability and ensure barrier-free pedestrian access from businesses to Heritage Plaza
• Evaluate wheelchair-accessible boarding ramps for docks
Physical Design and Walkability continued...
PlacePlan: Cadillac Michigan | 15
Environmental SustainabilityEnvironmental sustainability initiatives are critical for any community intending to be viable in today’s economy. Placemaking has a strong connection with environmental concerns because healthy, livable communities are committed to doing the right thing for the planet and inherently more concerned about place. The Cadillac community has a rich legacy that is rooted in its natural assets. Lake Cadillac influenced the community’s econo-my and today it helps sustain Cadillac’s thriving tourism industry. Furthermore, Cadillac’s parks and network of trails influence the community’s sense of place.
Community’s Asset AnalysisRecognizing Lake Cadillac’s influence on Cadillac’s econo-my and community culture, the City has taken proactive measures to ensure invasive species like Milfoil do not harm the community’s valuable natural asset.
Cadillac’s network of trails provides a natural connector to the City’s downtown business district, parks and other natural assets. The North Blvd. Bike trail and the Keith
Proper landscaping by using only native plant life can improve the environmental quality of a space. Discouraging use of non-native or invasive
species can also promote sustainability.
McKellop Walkway connect William Mitchell State Park, Cadillac Heritage Nature Study Area, and Kentwood Heritage Park to City Park—a popular events venue and urban park—and the downtown business district. Bike routes, paved trails and scenic views continue from City Park connecting to the Cadillac Trailhead for the White Pine Trail and back to William Mitchell State Park.
16 | PlacePlan: Cadillac, Michigan
Recommendations
• Relate Cadillac’s natural assets to the activities of the central business district
• Continue to build up and establish trail connections to Cadillac’s parks and Downtown
• Adopt green infrastructure approaches to stormwater management
• Adopt new policy to improve access to solar energy technologies
• Improve recycling options
Implementation Opportunities
• Utilize the community farmer’s market as an opportunity to encourage environmentally- friendly growing practices and to teach the community to eat locally
• Work with the Parks Division of the Cadillac Department of Public Works to maximize con- nections to local trailheads to encourage recreation and wellness as well as sustainable modes of getting around such as walking and biking
• Develop rain gardens where possible along the alley behind the Mitchell Street businesses to help prevent flooding of Heritage Plaza
• Implement landscaping changes to prevent flooding
• Landscape with vegetation that is natural to the area and will not harm other surrounding plant life
• Consider using more pervious materials such as pavers for sidewalks to improve drainage
• Create a renewable energy ordinance to allow for the installation of solar panels on light fixtures within the public right-of-way
• Work with the Cadillac Recycling Center as well as the Cadillac Department of Utilities to implement a recycling program for Heritage Plaza
Environmental Sustainability continued...
PlacePlan: Cadillac Michigan | 17
Cultural Economic DevelopmentArts and culture are essential components of a thriving, knowledge-based economy. A healthy creative sector attracts and retains residents and businesses, and produces economic benefits including jobs, a stronger tax base, downtown and neighborhood revitalization, and tourism. Additionally, providing diverse cultural, artistic, economic, and recreational opportunities will also improve quality of life.
Community’s Asset AnalysisCadillac’s beautiful natural assets and diverse recreation activities draw many visitors to the area year round. Cadillac’s rich cultural heritage is celebrated today through the appreciation of art and nature. The community’s park system connects Cadillac’s natural and economic assets. Its parks serve as venues for celebrating events that draw Cadillac residents and visitors. Cadillac has a strong presence of arts and culture through its annual events like
Heritage Plaza will host many activities and events, serving as a destination for current residents and Northern Michigan visitors. The summer splash
pad and winter ice rink will be keystones of Downtown Cadillac culture.
the Art Festival, Classic Car Show and other reoccurring live music events throughout the summer. Likewise, Cadillac continues to celebrate during the winter months at the annual North American Snow Festival. Embracing a “four seasons” attitude will lead to cultural richness as well as a greater diversity of economic opportunities for Cadillac.
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Recommendations
• Establish a unified branding for Cadillac’s community assets
• Encourage use of Heritage Plaza year-round
• Encourage community art and cultural displays
Implementation Opportunities
• Working with the Parks Division of the Cadillac Department of Public Works as well as the Department of Community Develop- ment, create a community branding strategy for local assets to improve connections within the community
• Construct facilities that allow for a variety of uses
• Utilize Heritage Plaza for major community events
• Implement better snow management practices
• Encourage the use of Heritage Plaza by touting it as a centerpiece of recrea- tion, social interaction, and culture in downtown Cadillac
• Utilize Heritage Plaza as a space for a variety of events (craft shows, art shows, outdoor movies, plays, etc.)
• Work with local businesses to encourage sponsorship and participation in commu- nity events
Cultural Economic Development continued...
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EntrepreneurshipGrowing jobs by ones and twos is key to creating strong local economies in the 21st century. Local communities are fueled by small start-ups and growth on main street and economic gardening strategies aimed at developing the talent and potential that already exists right at home. Also central to success are social entrepreneurs, who act as change agents within a community, seizing opportunities others miss to create social value rather than profits. This type of entrepreneurial activity resonates especially with students and Millennials looking to apply their optimism, energy, passion and skills for a positive, tangible impact.
Asset AnalysisCadillac has a burgeoning entrepreneurial culture, evi-denced by the recent location of several startups down-town. An active and engaged Downtown Development Authority, Chamber of Commerce, and Downtown Associa-tion are in place. Baker College’s Business Administration program contains an Entrepreneurship major, with a
Providing incubator space for small business start-ups will encourage economic growth and stability in the community.
sequence of courses dedicated to developing entrepreneur-ial principles. Furthermore, the Northwest Michigan Council of Governments hosts several business development resources in the region at large, including the Northwest Michigan Small Business Development Center located in Traverse City.
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Recommendations
• Incentivize small business development in the downtown
• Review city regulations and processes to create a supportive environment
Implementation Opportunities
• Develop a targeted program for attracting and retaining small and startup businesses
• Develop a business incubator to allow for local businesses to gain traction at an affordable rent
• Consider taking advantage of Michigan’s investment crowdfunding law, which allows residents to invest in local businesses
• Apply for the Michigan Economic Develop- ment Corporation’s Redevelopment Ready Communities program to spur economic growth downtown
Entrepreneurship continued...
Giving the local businesses extra frontage to the alley allows for each
storefront to enhance entry space, create public space or a garden, or
show off their product
Spaces in front of each building allow for interaction with the customer
to begin and continue outside of their doors.
PlacePlan: Cadillac Michigan | 21
MulticulturalismSuccessful 21st century communities are inclusive and welcoming to all, embracing diversity and multiculturalism as a competitive advantage. These types of communities are most at-tractive to new businesses, and today’s fluid, mobile, and global workforce seeks out places that embrace people of all ages, religions, ethnicities, national origins, and races. Providing a welcoming environment for all will encourage growth of Cadillac.
Asset AnalysisThe community engagement in Cadillac was unparal-leled and revealed time and again that the Cadillac community is close-knit, supportive, and friendly, with very well developed social capital. The City hosts an historical museum with cultural exhibits, and several diversity-themed events take place in the summer months. Cadillac has two sister cities: Mölnlycke, Sweden, and Rovaniemi, Finland.
Encouraging use of Heritage Plaza for a variety of events will lead to diversity within the community. Cultural events such as art fairs and farmer’s
markets are examples of such events.
The space in front of the Rotary Pavilion is turned into an open amphithe-
ater style lawn. Across Lake Street, an additional space is available for
extended viewing . This allows for larger events and programing that will
draw crowds from the surrounding regions.
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Recommendations
• Employ a cultural exchange program
• Focus community heritage events on diversity
• Incorporate additional signage indicating historic sites and information
• Utilize community practices that celebrate a diversity of cultures
Implementation Opportunities
• Work with Sister Cities International to strengthen relationships with Cadillac’s sister cities
• Communicate with local institutions and community groups to work together to celebrate Cadillac’s diverse past
• Celebrate Native American tribes that used to inhabit what is now Cadillac and Wexford County through community events
• Work with the Parks Division of the Cadillac Department of Public Works to install additional signage indicating historical sites and information about Cadillac’s past
Multiculturalism continued...
Scenes such as this provide an idea for how Cadillac can incorporate
the City’s heritage into the built environment. For example, Cadillac
was once a bustling hub for the logging industry. Civic art can give
prominence to the past in a diverse way.
Providing comfortable and adequate seating areas will encourage
residents to spend more time in Heritage Plaza.
PlacePlan: Cadillac Michigan | 23
Transportation OptionsThriving regions offer a range of transportation options, from walking and biking to buses and other modes of transit. Developing effective transportation options is a necessary tool for all communities interested in attracting and retaining residents, workers, and busi-nesses. Research shows that people across the nation are choosing communities that offer various modes of transportation, with easy access to the places they live, work, and play. Multimodal transportation can be as complex as rail systems and as simple as trails and bike paths.
Asset AnalysisCadillac features good access to non-motorized transporta-tion amenities—in addition to overall walkability, the city an-chors the northern end of the White Pine Trail, which runs 92 miles to Grand Rapids. In addition, the City is relatively compact, and about 40% of downtown area employees com-mute less than 10 miles.3 Likely because of these factors, 5% of Cadillac residents walk to work—over twice the state average—and the average resident’s commute is almost 10 minutes shorter than the statewide average.4
Introducing a better connection to the natural assets of the Cadillac area will increase the usability of the plaza. Increasing the amount of boat
parking and fishing opportunities also adds to the overall experience of Heritage Plaza.
3 LEDH 2011
4 American Community Survey 2008-2012
Beyond non-motorized amenities, though, Cadillac residents have limited travel options. Wexford Area Transit Author-ity provides door-to-door demand response service, but no fixed route transit exists; Greyhound provides Thruway motorcoach service to Cadillac once daily, connecting to Kalamazoo, Grand Rapids, and Traverse City. The Great Lakes Central-owned rail line running through downtown has been discussed as someday seeing passenger rail ser-vice restored, but any such service is years away.
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Recommendations
• Consider opportunities for creating commuter & tourism connections between Cadillac and other regional destinations
• Research policies for expanding seasonal boat and snowmobile access to downtown destinations
• Promote biking as an alternative to automobile use
Implementation Opportunities
• Consider CMAQ or Transportation Alternatives grants to pilot a public-private partnership, such as with Indian Trails or other motorcoach operators, to provide a commuter connection with Traverse City and other surrounding cities
• Research how other northern lakefront communities have handled additional seasonal boat and snowmobile access to their downtowns to formulate a plan for Cadillac
• Increase the amount of available boat docking space near Heritage Plaza
• Add bike lanes where lacking but necessary to encourage equal use of the road
• Employ Complete Streets development strategies as allowed by legislation adopted in August 2010
• Install adequate bike racks at trail heads and major inlets to downtown to allow cyclists to park their bikes while
Transportation Options continued...
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Messaging and TechnologyPeople communicate, connect, and engage differently today than they did ten years ago, or five years ago, or last year, or even last month. Next generation Internet and communica-tion technologies are allowing people to share information in the virtual world in unprec-edented ways. Communities that use cutting-edge strategies in their approach to branding, engagement, and communication with new demographics, businesses, cultural institutions, and philanthropic communities are ahead of the game.
Asset AnalysisLocal institutions have a social media presence: the City of Cadillac has over 1,000 “likes” on Facebook and a small Twitter following; The Cadillac Wexford Public Library has 900 Facebook “likes” (also with a small Twitter following); the Chamber of Commerce and Cadil-lac Community Foundation have smaller followings on Facebook. The City website is easy to navigate, and 75 users have personalized the website using built-in functionality. Several downtown businesses offer free Wi-Fi access. Connect Michigan gives Cadillac a score of 100 for Broadband Internet access, with coverage available throughout the city, though outlying areas of Wexford County to the west and north are underserved. The Cadillac News has a reasonably easy-to-navigate website that is integrated with social media, though non-subscribers can only read 10 articles per month.
City of Cadillac Michigan Website Source: http://www.cadillac-mi.net/
Recommendations
• Employ a greater emphasis on social media
• Move a wider variety of city services online
Implementation Opportunities
• Either in-house or with the help of a consul- tant, develop a coordinated social media presence, where all community institutions are consistently delivering coordinated messages. Cadillac is home to a startup social media consultant group that has achieved similar results with local businesses.
• Work with the various departments of the Cadillac city government to move more of their services online
• Provide options to receive billing statements through email
26 | PlacePlan: Cadillac, Michigan
PlacePlan: Cadillac Michigan | 27
EducationEducation is key in competing in a global, 21st century economy, and centers of education are vital anchor institutions within communities. From K-12 schools to community col-leges, and technical schools to state universities, educational institutions bring innumer-able benefits to a community. They are the hub not only for learning, but sports, entertain-ment, arts and culture, healthcare, and recreation, and serve as engines of economic development. Vibrant communities successfully collaborate with a full range of education-al institutions to develop intellectual, human, and physical capital. Collaboration can be as simple as sharing physical facilities such as ballparks and swimming pools, or as complex as formal town-gown strategic plans.
Asset AnalysisIn 2010, Cadillac’s youth population of 24.7% under age 18 was slightly higher than the state average of 23.7%. The City fares well with regard to high school diploma attain-ment (89.8%, slightly higher than the state average), but lagged the state average when it comes to bachelor’s degrees (13.6% compared to the state average of 25.5%).5 Cadillac hosts a campus of Baker College, which offers several professional programs. Cadillac’s public school
district includes an alternative high school as part of its portfolio, and the Wexford-Missaukee ISD hosts the Wex-ford-Missaukee Career Technical Center which provides career training to high school students. The ISD additionally provides special education programs, as well as profes-sional support programs for educators.
5 American Community Survey 2008-2012
Recommendations
• Develop a place-based plan for “town-gown” development that builds on the Baker College residences downtown as a first step
• Consider adding additional post- secondary educational space downtown
Implementation Opportunities
• Leverage existing educational resources to expand learning opportunities for all, while further developing cultural and recreational opportunities in a coordinated framework
• Supplement the additional student housing available in downtown Cadillac by constructing additional classroom space that can be used by the area’s various educational institutions
28 | PlacePlan: Cadillac, Michigan
PlacePlan: Cadillac, Michigan | 29
Appendix
30 | PlacePlan: Cadillac, Michigan
Add
itio
nal I
mag
es
The
follo
win
g ar
e ad
ditio
nal i
mag
es th
at w
ere
not i
nclu
ded
in th
e bo
dy o
f the
repo
rt a
nd fu
rthe
r ill
ustr
ate
the
desi
gn c
once
pts.
Obl
ique
look
ing
Sout
h O
bliq
ue lo
okin
g W
est
The
re-d
evel
oped
Rot
ary
Pavi
lion
view
ing
spac
e
Obl
ique
look
ing
East
O
bliq
ue lo
okin
g N
orth
PlacePlan: Cadillac, Michigan | 31
Enha
nced
con
nect
ion
to m
emor
ial f
ount
ain
Mem
oria
l fou
ntai
n di
rect
ly c
onne
cts
with
pla
za
Ope
n pl
aza
spac
e al
low
s fo
r ev
ents
and
act
iviti
es
Sim
ple
child
ren
play
scap
es h
ave
hist
oric
al b
ackg
roun
d En
hanc
ed p
edes
tria
n cr
ossi
ng e
nsur
es p
edes
tria
n sa
fety
Tr
ees,
par
king
, and
pav
emen
t pat
tern
s ex
tend
to M
itche
ll St
.
32 | PlacePlan: Cadillac, Michigan
Enha
nced
con
nect
ion
to m
emor
ial f
ount
ain
Mem
oria
l fou
ntai
n di
rect
ly c
onne
cts
with
pla
za
Ope
n pl
aza
spac
e al
low
s fo
r ev
ents
and
act
iviti
es
Sim
ple
child
ren
play
scap
es h
ave
hist
oric
al b
ackg
roun
d En
hanc
ed p
edes
tria
n cr
ossi
ng e
nsur
es p
edes
tria
n sa
fety
Tr
ees,
par
king
, and
pav
emen
t pat
tern
s ex
tend
to M
itche
ll St
.
PlacePlan: Cadillac, Michigan | 33
Obl
ique
Loo
king
Nor
thea
st
Prop
osed
Atr
ium
look
ing
over
Her
itage
Pla
za
34 | PlacePlan: Cadillac, Michigan
•Pa
rkin
g is
an
issu
e al
read
y fo
r our
bus
ines
s. 65
+-ye
ar-o
ld c
lient
s. Pa
rkin
g ne
eds t
o be
clos
e to
bui
ldin
g.
•W
here
is a
bik
e tr
ailh
ead?
•
Abili
ty to
blo
ck o
ff La
ke S
tree
t for
eve
nts.
•N
eed
to p
rom
ote
dow
ntow
n ap
artm
ent f
or y
oung
pro
fess
iona
ls.
•2’
6’ r
ule
for t
rees
and
scru
bs fo
r bet
ter v
isib
ility
and
few
er h
idin
g pl
aces
. Shr
ubs
low
er th
an 2
’. Tre
e br
anch
es h
ighe
r tha
n 6’
. •
Too
man
y tr
ees f
or p
eopl
e to
hid
e an
d ba
d ac
tivity
. •
Kids
pla
ygro
und?
With
equ
ipm
ent?
•
Like
con
cept
of b
eing
abl
e to
ope
n/cl
ose
Lake
Str
eet.
•Sp
ace
to a
ttra
ct p
eopl
e to
Cad
illac
for s
peci
al e
vent
s. Ex
ampl
e: h
ocke
y to
urna
men
ts.
•Li
ke re
mov
al o
f pow
er li
nes.
•N
arro
w L
ake
Stre
et fo
r mor
e tr
affic
cal
min
g an
d le
ss to
clos
e of
f with
Bal
lard
s. •
No
driv
ing
behi
nd b
usin
ess.
Yes!
•
Pede
stri
an p
ath
behi
nd th
e pa
vilio
n. K
eep
peop
le fr
om w
alki
ng in
fron
t of
perf
orm
ance
s. •
Like
ext
ensi
on o
f gre
en sp
ace
tow
ard
Mitc
hell.
•
Like
kee
ping
Lak
e St
reet
ope
n on
wee
kday
s. •
With
the
Wex
pos
sibl
y cl
osin
g, a
ven
ue d
ownt
own
wou
ld b
e gr
eat!
Ice
rink
/ven
ue in
th
e su
mm
er!
•I l
ove
the
skat
ing
rink
beh
ind
the
foun
tain
! •
Love
trai
n sp
ur id
ea!
•Do
n’t c
lose
Lak
e St
reet
! Too
muc
h tr
affic
. •
Clos
e La
ke S
tree
t or m
ake
it em
erge
ncy
vehi
cles
onl
y an
d co
mbi
ne tw
o pa
rks.
•Li
ke ic
e ri
nk. I
nclu
de c
once
ssio
n st
and.
•
Mom
as a
chi
ld to
ld st
orie
s of i
ce-s
katin
g do
wnt
own
Cadi
llac.
Roun
d ri
nk m
an-
mad
e ea
ch y
ear.
Desig
n C
harre
tte C
once
pt F
eedb
ack
•M
aybe
ext
end
dock
from
beh
ind
rota
ry p
avili
on.
•Li
ke tw
o do
cks.
•Be
tter
cond
ition
ed w
alkw
ays l
eadi
ng to
par
k.
•Pa
vilio
n ha
ving
a v
iew
ing
area
for m
ovie
s. •
Whe
re is
a b
ike
trai
lhea
d?
•Be
tter
than
[Con
cept
] A!
•Sp
ace
in P
ark
for c
urre
nt e
vent
s (ar
t fai
r, be
er fe
st, e
tc.).
•
Bigg
er sp
lash
pad
. Onl
y on
e fo
r mai
nten
ance
reas
on.
•Li
ke th
e w
alkw
ay b
ehin
d th
e pa
vilio
n. (D
itto)
. •
Like
this
gre
en –
no
park
ing!
•
Open
spac
e in
fron
t of p
avili
on! –
No
tree
s or b
ushe
s to
bloc
k vi
ew.
•Sn
ow p
low
ing
ease
for l
oade
rs to
mov
e th
roug
h lo
ts a
nd p
ile sn
ow.
•M
ake
Sout
h w
alk
to p
avili
on a
con
trol
led
driv
e fo
r per
form
er’s
equi
pmen
t. •
Tree
s/sh
rubs
nee
d to
pre
serv
e si
ght l
ines
to la
kefr
ont.
•Pu
t an
ice
rink
on
this
one
. •
Park
ing
is o
nly
an is
sue
one
wee
kend
of t
he y
ear –
loss
of s
pots
is
wor
th p
ark
impr
ovem
ent.
•N
eed
mor
e pa
rkin
g. P
arki
ng g
arag
e?
•Cl
osur
e of
Lak
e St
reet
. •
Who
can
use
out
door
fire
plac
e? S
afet
y?
•Li
ke th
e de
sign
ated
fish
ing
pier
! •
Like
this
gre
en –
no
park
ing.
•
Use
mor
e of
lake
fron
t for
fest
ival
s an
d m
usic
eve
nts.
•Li
ke th
e m
ultip
le sp
lash
pad
s and
line
ar ic
e-sk
atin
g.
•W
ould
be
nice
to h
ave
path
way
s fr
om o
ther
par
king
lots
. •
Ther
e is
not
eno
ugh
park
ing
curr
ently
! •
I lik
e th
e fis
hing
pie
r con
cept
.
Con
cept
A F
eed
back
Con
cept
B F
eed
back
Figu
re 1
9 Fi
gure
20
Parti
cipa
nt c
omm
ents
on
spec
ific
desig
n im
ages
at t
he m
ulti-
day
desig
n ch
arre
tte o
n M
arch
4th
and
5th,
2014
at t
he E
lks L
odge
in C
adilla
c, M
ichi
gan.
PlacePlan: Cadillac, Michigan | 35
Elab
orat
ion
on Im
plem
enta
tion
Reco
mm
enda
tion
s Im
plem
enta
tion
Opp
ortu
niti
es
Ince
ntiv
ize
or r
equi
re “
acti
ve”
faca
des
on s
ide
stre
ets,
esp
ecia
lly s
tree
ts li
ke C
ass
and
Mar
tin
that
lead
to p
ublic
am
enit
ies.
•A
For
m-B
ased
Cod
e ca
n be
use
d to
regu
late
loca
tions
of e
ntra
nces
, siz
es o
f win
dow
s, a
nd
othe
r des
ign
feat
ures
. •
Even
with
out t
rans
ition
ing
to a
For
m-B
ased
Cod
e, th
e zo
ning
ord
inan
ce c
an b
e am
ende
d to
re
quire
or p
rom
ote
activ
e us
es a
t str
eet l
evel
in c
erta
in d
istr
icts
. •
Any
bus
ines
s in
cent
ives
sho
uld
be u
sed
stra
tegi
cally
to c
reat
e ac
tive
side
faca
des—
for
exam
ple,
to s
uppo
rt re
stau
rant
s on
cor
ner l
ots,
whe
re s
ide
stre
ets
mig
ht s
uppo
rt s
idew
alk
seat
ing,
rath
er th
an b
anks
or o
ther
use
s th
at ty
pica
lly d
o no
t mak
e us
e of
sid
e fa
cade
s.
Eval
uate
Mit
chel
l Str
eet t
raff
ic p
atte
rns
for
any
oppo
rtun
itie
s to
rede
sign
the
st
reet
to p
rovi
de m
ore
spac
e fo
r pe
dest
rian
s an
d bu
sine
ss d
istr
ict p
atro
ns.
•Re
cent
legi
slat
ion
allo
ws
for a
ngle
d pa
rkin
g on
sta
te tr
unkl
ines
; if M
itche
ll on
ly n
eeds
one
tr
avel
lane
in e
ach
dire
ctio
n, th
is o
ptio
n co
uld
repu
rpos
e so
me
pave
men
t for
incr
ease
d on
-st
reet
par
king
. In
loca
tions
whe
re le
ft tu
rns
are
infr
eque
nt, a
med
ian
may
slo
w tr
affic
and
pr
ovid
e pe
dest
rian
s a
grea
ter
sens
e of
saf
ety
whe
n cr
ossi
ng.
Iden
tify
any
und
er-u
tiliz
ed o
ff-s
tree
t par
king
are
as a
nd c
onsi
der
repu
rpos
ing
them
, in
who
le o
r in
par
t, fo
r ac
tive
use
s.
•La
rger
und
erus
ed p
arki
ng a
reas
(whe
ther
pub
lic o
r pr
ivat
e) m
ight
be
able
to
supp
ort p
erm
anen
t dev
elop
men
t. S
mal
ler p
arki
ng a
reas
cou
ld b
e m
ade
avai
labl
e fo
r m
ore
“tem
pora
ry”
uses
that
can
att
ract
ped
estr
ian
traf
fic, s
uch
as
even
t spa
ce o
r fo
od tr
ucks
. •
Even
if e
limin
atin
g an
ent
ire lo
t is
not p
ract
ical
, sha
llow
line
r bui
ldin
gs c
an b
e fil
led
in o
n th
e ed
ges
to c
reat
e an
act
ive
pede
stri
an e
nviro
nmen
t.
Phys
ica
l Des
ign
and
Wa
lka
bilit
y
The
follo
win
g pr
ovid
es a
dditi
onal
det
ail t
o th
e im
plem
enta
tion
stra
tegi
es o
utlin
ed in
the
repo
rt.
Figu
re 2
1
36 | PlacePlan: Cadillac, Michigan
Reco
mm
enda
tion
s Im
plem
enta
tion
Opp
ortu
niti
es
Esta
blis
h a
unifi
ed b
rand
ing
for
Cadi
llac’
s co
mm
unit
y as
sets
Br
ingi
ng th
e pa
rks,
lake
s an
d su
rrou
ndin
g co
mm
unity
ass
ets
toge
ther
thr
ough
br
andi
ng h
as th
e op
port
unity
to c
reat
e a
stro
nger
impa
ct a
s a
who
le g
reat
er t
han
the
indi
vidu
al p
arts
. Cre
ativ
e an
d un
ique
sig
nage
and
pro
mot
ion
for
thes
e as
sets
re
info
rce
conn
ectio
n an
d in
vite
the
com
mun
ity to
exp
erie
nce
an e
ntire
pla
ce v
ersu
s a
sole
des
tinat
ion.
Co
rres
pond
wit
h cu
rren
t ev
ents
and
pro
gram
min
g in
the
prox
imal
com
mun
ity
asse
ts.
Cadi
llac’
s Ci
ty P
ark
serv
es t
he c
omm
unity
as
a hu
b fo
r co
mm
unity
eve
nts
and
conn
ectiv
ity to
the
City
’s n
atur
al a
nd c
omm
erci
al a
sset
s. R
egul
ar e
vent
s lik
e Th
ursd
ay n
ight
Wor
ld C
lass
Jazz
, the
loca
l far
mer
s m
arke
t, a
nd p
erfo
rman
ces
by th
e Ca
dilla
c Fo
otlit
ers
conv
erge
in th
e Ci
ty P
ark
area
and
bri
ng d
ownt
own
Cadi
llac
a ri
ch
cultu
ral i
dent
ity.
Thin
k re
gion
ally
to b
ette
r le
vera
ge re
sour
ces
Ther
e ar
e op
port
uniti
es to
con
nect
with
oth
er c
omm
uniti
es in
the
regi
on to
hel
p le
vera
ge o
ther
pri
vate
bus
ines
ses
and
non-
gove
rnm
enta
l org
aniz
atio
ns to
join
to
geth
er a
nd s
tren
gthe
n th
e ar
ea’s
cul
tura
l eco
nom
y .
Reco
mm
enda
tion
s Im
plem
enta
tion
Opp
ortu
niti
es
Rela
te C
adill
ac’s
nat
ural
ass
ets
to th
e ac
tivi
ties
of t
he c
entr
al b
usin
ess
dist
rict
. T
he c
omm
unity
Far
mer
s M
arke
t and
the
annu
al M
ade
in M
ichi
gan
Even
t are
bot
h ex
ampl
e op
port
uniti
es to
dem
onst
rate
the
rela
tions
hip
betw
een
Cadi
llac’
s na
tura
l re
sour
ces
and
econ
omic
vita
lity.
Co
ntin
ue t
o bu
ild u
p an
d es
tabl
ish
trai
l con
nect
ions
to
Cadi
llac’
s pa
rks
and
Dow
ntow
n.
Cad
illac
’s tr
ail n
etw
ork
and
conn
ectiv
ity to
its
dow
ntow
n is
one
of t
he c
omm
unity
’s
stro
nges
t ass
ets.
The
com
mun
ity h
as a
n op
port
unity
to re
itera
te a
nd m
axim
ize
this
st
reng
th b
y m
akin
g th
e tr
ails
and
con
nect
ions
mul
ti-w
ith th
e st
rong
est e
mph
asis
on
pede
stri
ans
and
bicy
clis
ts.
Envi
ronm
enta
l Sus
tain
abilit
y
Cul
tura
l Eco
nom
ic D
evel
opm
ent
Figu
re 2
2
Figu
re 2
3
PlacePlan: Cadillac, Michigan | 37
Reco
mm
enda
tion
Im
plem
enta
tion
Opp
ortu
niti
es
Dev
elop
a ta
rget
ed p
rogr
am fo
r at
trac
ting
and
ret
aini
ng s
mal
l an
d st
artu
p bu
sine
sses
. Le
vera
ge e
xist
ing
loca
l res
ourc
es, i
nclu
ding
the
know
ledg
e ba
se a
t Bak
er C
olle
ge, N
WM
COG
and
DD
A a
nd ta
rget
pot
entia
l st
artu
ps fo
r lo
catio
n do
wnt
own.
Co
nsid
er a
pply
ing
for
MED
C’s
Rede
velo
pmen
t Re
ady
Com
mun
itie
s pr
ogra
m.
RRC
prov
ides
a fr
amew
ork
for
com
mun
ities
to a
ttra
ct a
nd
reta
in ta
lent
. Par
ticip
atio
n in
RRC
invo
lves
det
aile
d ev
alua
tion
of s
ix B
est
Prac
tice
area
s in
tend
ed to
cre
ate
a po
sitiv
e ex
peri
ence
for
inve
stor
s, b
usin
esse
s an
d re
side
nts
wor
king
w
ithin
a c
omm
unity
. Es
tabl
ish
a Bu
sine
ss In
cuba
tor.
The
Uni
vers
ity o
f Mic
higa
n’s
Cent
er fo
r Bu
sine
ss A
ccel
erat
ion
and
Incu
batio
n St
udie
s pr
ovid
ed a
det
aile
d fe
asib
ility
ana
lysi
s an
d op
erat
ing
plan
for
a bu
sine
ss in
cuba
tor i
n th
e re
gion
. Co
nsid
er a
ltern
ativ
e op
tions
for
loca
tion
to th
ose
reco
mm
ende
d in
the
stud
y to
incl
ude
the
dow
ntow
n ar
ea.
Entre
pren
eurs
hip
Reco
mm
enda
tion
Im
plem
enta
tion
Opp
ortu
niti
es
Empl
oy a
cul
tura
l exc
hang
e pr
ogra
m.
Cadi
llac
has
had
sist
er c
ity re
latio
nshi
ps w
ith tw
o Sc
andi
navi
an
citie
s fo
r ne
arly
30
year
s. L
ever
agin
g th
ese
rela
tions
hips
th
roug
h Si
ster
Citi
es In
tern
atio
nal c
an p
rovi
de a
n op
port
unity
to
exp
ose
resi
dent
s of
all
ages
to n
ew c
ultu
ral e
xper
ienc
es.
Focu
s co
mm
unit
y he
rita
ge e
vent
s on
div
ersi
ty.
Seve
ral N
ativ
e A
mer
ican
trib
es o
rigi
nally
pop
ulat
ed w
hat i
s no
w W
exfo
rd C
ount
y. C
adill
ac’s
his
tory
as
a lo
ggin
g hu
b at
trac
ted
imm
igra
nts
from
Eur
ope.
Loc
al in
stitu
tions
sho
uld
focu
s ed
ucat
ion
and
exhi
bitio
ns o
n th
is h
isto
ry.
Mul
ticul
tura
lism
Figu
re 2
4
Figu
re 2
5
Reco
mm
enda
tion
Im
plem
enta
tion
Opp
ortu
niti
es
Dev
elop
a ta
rget
ed p
rogr
am fo
r at
trac
ting
and
ret
aini
ng s
mal
l an
d st
artu
p bu
sine
sses
. Le
vera
ge e
xist
ing
loca
l res
ourc
es, i
nclu
ding
the
know
ledg
e ba
se a
t Bak
er C
olle
ge, N
WM
COG
and
DD
A a
nd ta
rget
pot
entia
l st
artu
ps fo
r lo
catio
n do
wnt
own.
Co
nsid
er a
pply
ing
for
MED
C’s
Rede
velo
pmen
t Re
ady
Com
mun
itie
s pr
ogra
m.
RRC
prov
ides
a fr
amew
ork
for
com
mun
ities
to a
ttra
ct a
nd
reta
in ta
lent
. Par
ticip
atio
n in
RRC
invo
lves
det
aile
d ev
alua
tion
of s
ix B
est
Prac
tice
area
s in
tend
ed to
cre
ate
a po
sitiv
e ex
peri
ence
for
inve
stor
s, b
usin
esse
s an
d re
side
nts
wor
king
w
ithin
a c
omm
unity
. Es
tabl
ish
a Bu
sine
ss In
cuba
tor.
The
Uni
vers
ity o
f Mic
higa
n’s
Cent
er fo
r Bu
sine
ss A
ccel
erat
ion
and
Incu
batio
n St
udie
s pr
ovid
ed a
det
aile
d fe
asib
ility
ana
lysi
s an
d op
erat
ing
plan
for
a bu
sine
ss in
cuba
tor i
n th
e re
gion
. Co
nsid
er a
ltern
ativ
e op
tions
for
loca
tion
to th
ose
reco
mm
ende
d in
the
stud
y to
incl
ude
the
dow
ntow
n ar
ea.
Entre
pren
eurs
hip
Reco
mm
enda
tion
Im
plem
enta
tion
Opp
ortu
niti
es
Empl
oy a
cul
tura
l exc
hang
e pr
ogra
m.
Cadi
llac
has
had
sist
er c
ity re
latio
nshi
ps w
ith tw
o Sc
andi
navi
an
citie
s fo
r ne
arly
30
year
s. L
ever
agin
g th
ese
rela
tions
hips
th
roug
h Si
ster
Citi
es In
tern
atio
nal c
an p
rovi
de a
n op
port
unity
to
exp
ose
resi
dent
s of
all
ages
to n
ew c
ultu
ral e
xper
ienc
es.
Focu
s co
mm
unit
y he
rita
ge e
vent
s on
div
ersi
ty.
Seve
ral N
ativ
e A
mer
ican
trib
es o
rigi
nally
pop
ulat
ed w
hat i
s no
w W
exfo
rd C
ount
y. C
adill
ac’s
his
tory
as
a lo
ggin
g hu
b at
trac
ted
imm
igra
nts
from
Eur
ope.
Loc
al in
stitu
tions
sho
uld
focu
s ed
ucat
ion
and
exhi
bitio
ns o
n th
is h
isto
ry.
Mul
ticul
tura
lism
Figu
re 2
4
Figu
re 2
5
38 | PlacePlan: Cadillac, Michigan
Reco
mm
enda
tion
Im
plem
enta
tion
Opp
ortu
niti
es
Empl
oy a
gre
ater
em
phas
is o
n so
cial
med
ia.
Eith
er in
-hou
se o
r w
ith th
e he
lp o
f a c
onsu
ltant
, dev
elop
a c
oord
inat
ed
soci
al m
edia
pre
senc
e, w
here
all
com
mun
ity in
stitu
tions
are
con
sist
ently
de
liver
ing
coor
dina
ted
mes
sage
s. C
adill
ac is
hom
e to
a s
tart
up s
ocia
l m
edia
con
sulta
nt g
roup
that
has
ach
ieve
d si
mila
r res
ults
with
loca
l bu
sine
sses
. M
ove
a w
ider
var
iety
of c
ity
serv
ices
onl
ine.
Fa
cilit
ate
filin
g su
ch th
ings
as
build
ing
and
occu
panc
y pe
rmits
dire
ctly
on
line
(cur
rent
ly a
ll pa
per
form
s ar
e av
aila
ble
onlin
e). T
he s
ervi
ce
empl
oyed
by
Cadi
llac
to s
earc
h pr
oper
ty ta
x re
cord
s ha
s th
e fu
nctio
nalit
y to
acc
ept t
ax p
aym
ents
onl
ine,
but
Cad
illac
cur
rent
ly d
oes
not p
artic
ipat
e.
Mes
sagi
ng a
nd T
echn
olog
y
Reco
mm
enda
tion
Im
plem
enta
tion
Opp
ortu
niti
es
Cons
ider
opp
ortu
niti
es fo
r cr
eati
ng c
omm
uter
& to
uris
m c
onne
ctio
ns
betw
een
Cadi
llac
and
othe
r re
gion
al d
esti
nati
ons.
Tr
aver
se C
ity is
app
roxi
mat
ely
50 m
iles
away
and
ther
e is
sig
nific
ant
com
mut
er t
raff
ic b
etw
een
the
two
citie
s. A
pub
lic-p
riva
te p
artn
ersh
ip,
such
as
with
Indi
an T
rails
or
othe
r m
otor
coac
h op
erat
ors,
wou
ld b
e a
reas
onab
le o
ptio
n fo
r pr
ovid
ing
a co
nnec
tion.
Con
side
r CM
AQ o
r Tr
ansp
orta
tion
Alte
rnat
ives
gra
nts
to p
ilot s
uch
a se
rvic
e.
Rese
arch
pol
icie
s fo
r ex
pand
ing
seas
onal
boa
t and
sno
wm
obile
acc
ess
to
dow
ntow
n de
stin
atio
ns.
Thes
e is
sues
wer
e ra
ised
repe
ated
ly d
urin
g st
akeh
olde
r in
terv
iew
s.
Alth
ough
they
can
be
cont
rove
rsia
l top
ics,
inte
rvie
wee
s ge
nera
lly v
iew
ed
the
curr
ent
loca
l pol
icie
s as
mis
sed
oppo
rtun
ities
for
incr
ease
d do
wnt
own
busi
ness
act
ivity
. A n
umbe
r of
oth
er n
orth
ern
lake
fron
t com
mun
ities
hav
e re
cent
ly ta
ckle
d th
ese
issu
es, s
o ex
amin
e th
eir
appr
oach
es fo
r po
ssib
le
mod
els
to fo
llow
.
Tra
nspo
rtatio
n O
ptio
ns
46
Figu
re 2
6
Figu
re 2
7
PlacePlan: Cadillac, Michigan | 39
Reco
mm
enda
tion
Im
plem
enta
tion
Opp
ortu
niti
es
Dev
elop
a p
lace
-bas
ed p
lan
for
“tow
n-go
wn”
de
velo
pmen
t th
at b
uild
s on
the
Bak
er C
olle
ge
resi
denc
es d
ownt
own
as a
firs
t st
ep.
As
a re
lativ
ely
com
pact
city
with
a re
gion
al c
olle
ge
cam
pus,
Cad
illac
can
leve
rage
its
exis
ting
educ
atio
nal
reso
urce
s to
exp
and
lear
ning
opp
ortu
nitie
s to
all,
w
hile
furt
her
deve
lopi
ng c
ultu
ral a
nd re
crea
tiona
l op
port
uniti
es in
a c
oord
inat
ed fr
amew
ork.
Co
nsid
er a
ddin
g ad
diti
onal
pos
t-se
cond
ary
educ
atio
nal s
pace
dow
ntow
n.
Bake
r Co
llege
’s a
dditi
on o
f stu
dent
hou
sing
dow
ntow
n co
uld
be s
uppl
emen
ted
with
the
addi
tion
of c
lass
room
sp
ace
near
by w
hich
cou
ld b
e us
ed b
y th
e ar
ea’s
sev
eral
in
stitu
tions
.
Educ
atio
n
Figu
re 2
8
Reco
mm
enda
tion
Im
plem
enta
tion
Opp
ortu
niti
es
Dev
elop
a p
lace
-bas
ed p
lan
for
“tow
n-go
wn”
de
velo
pmen
t th
at b
uild
s on
the
Bak
er C
olle
ge
resi
denc
es d
ownt
own
as a
firs
t st
ep.
As
a re
lativ
ely
com
pact
city
with
a re
gion
al c
olle
ge
cam
pus,
Cad
illac
can
leve
rage
its
exis
ting
educ
atio
nal
reso
urce
s to
exp
and
lear
ning
opp
ortu
nitie
s to
all,
w
hile
furt
her
deve
lopi
ng c
ultu
ral a
nd re
crea
tiona
l op
port
uniti
es in
a c
oord
inat
ed fr
amew
ork.
Co
nsid
er a
ddin
g ad
diti
onal
pos
t-se
cond
ary
educ
atio
nal s
pace
dow
ntow
n.
Bake
r Co
llege
’s a
dditi
on o
f stu
dent
hou
sing
dow
ntow
n co
uld
be s
uppl
emen
ted
with
the
addi
tion
of c
lass
room
sp
ace
near
by w
hich
cou
ld b
e us
ed b
y th
e ar
ea’s
sev
eral
in
stitu
tions
.
Educ
atio
n
Figu
re 2
8
40 | PlacePlan: Cadillac, Michigan
Key
oppo
rtun
itie
s:
Pr
etty
uni
vers
al s
uppo
rt fo
r cl
osin
g La
ke S
tree
t; if
pe
rman
ent c
losu
re n
ot fe
asib
le, s
tron
g in
tere
st in
te
mpo
rary
app
licat
ions
(ret
ract
able
bol
lard
s)
In
tere
st in
mov
ing
farm
mar
ket
to th
is s
ite, p
ossi
bly
with
per
man
ent s
truc
ture
tha
t allo
ws
for
park
ing
on
off d
ays
U
nive
rsal
pos
itive
repo
rts
abou
t “M
ade
in M
ichi
gan”
po
p-up
reta
il in
par
king
lot i
n th
e su
mm
er
O
pen
up b
ack
door
/dec
k op
port
uniti
es to
Mitc
hell
St
busi
ness
es (m
ay n
eed
to b
ury
utili
ties)
Enco
urag
e pe
dest
rian
flow
bet
wee
n M
itche
ll St
and
la
ke, w
heth
er b
y de
velo
ping
a c
ut th
roug
h pa
rkin
g lo
t or
by
usin
g El
ks a
lley,
Har
ris
and
Cass
as
“min
i” m
ain
stre
ets
conn
ectin
g to
wat
erfr
ont
A
rts
Coun
cil/
art c
omm
unity
cou
ld b
e be
tter
eng
aged
, be
tter
hig
hlig
hted
Com
plet
e St
reet
s po
licy
alm
ost d
one,
ord
inan
ce w
ill
follo
w (b
ike
rout
e to
cam
pus?
)
Tie
in to
cur
rent
line
ar p
arks
/tra
ils
Fo
unta
in is
a w
arm
-wea
ther
fam
ily a
ttra
ctio
n, b
uild
on
that
with
oth
er o
ffer
ings
The
inte
rvie
w s
umm
ary
prov
ides
an
outli
ne o
f fee
dbac
k fr
om
com
mun
ity s
take
hold
ers
in re
gard
to th
e Pl
aceP
lan
for
Cadi
llac’
s H
erita
ge S
quar
e. T
he k
ey o
ppor
tuni
ties,
uni
vers
al
conc
erns
, and
wha
t sta
keho
lder
s w
ould
like
to s
ee a
re a
ll pr
esen
ted
on th
is p
age.
Inte
rvie
w S
umm
ary W
hat w
ould
you
like
to s
ee:
H
ighl
ight
cur
rent
ass
ets,
par
k, tr
ees,
foun
tain
, tra
in, d
epot
(som
e su
gges
ted
resp
onsi
bly
thin
ning
tr
ees
in p
ark
to im
prov
e vi
ews,
pro
vide
mor
e sp
ace
in p
ark
for
even
ts)
Sh
uffle
boar
d in
par
k is
NEV
ER u
sed,
take
it o
ut!
Tr
ail h
ead
at d
epot
are
a (b
ike
& s
now
mob
ile)
M
ore
benc
hes
thro
ugho
ut th
e ar
ea to
be
mor
e fr
iend
ly to
mat
ure
resi
dent
s
Bett
er li
ghtin
g in
the
park
Wat
er a
ctiv
ities
, boa
ts, k
ayak
s
Win
ter
activ
ities
, sno
wm
obile
s; o
utdo
or w
inte
r ga
ther
ing
spac
e lik
e H
olla
nd fi
repl
ace;
ice
skat
ing
arou
nd th
e fo
unta
in in
win
ter
D
ownt
own
mar
ket (
not
nece
ssar
ily fu
ll gr
ocer
y) t
o se
rve
resi
dent
ial p
opul
atio
n
Even
ing
activ
ities
, inc
ludi
ng th
ose
whi
ch c
ater
to u
nder
21
Yo
ga in
the
park
Wi-F
i in
the
park
/dow
ntow
n (c
urre
nt W
i-Fi t
hrou
gh li
brar
y, N
OT
good
!)
Bi
ke ro
ute
from
dow
ntow
n to
Bak
er c
ampu
s
Rem
ove
build
ings
mid
blo
ck o
n M
itche
ll to
cre
ate
site
line
& c
onne
ctio
ns
Cr
eativ
e sn
ow re
mov
al/m
anag
emen
t, fo
r ex
ampl
e sl
ed h
ill in
the
park
Uni
vers
al c
once
rns:
W
ater
fron
t do
esn’
t fe
el c
lose
or
conn
ecte
d to
dow
ntow
n
Back
s of
bui
ldin
gs d
on’t
str
ongl
y si
gnal
wha
t the
dow
ntow
n ha
s to
off
er
Pa
rkin
g lo
t is
diff
icul
t to
navi
gate
, esp
ecia
lly in
win
ter
N
eed
crea
tive
plac
e to
put
tras
h, re
ceiv
e de
liver
ies,
and
oth
er p
ract
ical
rear
of b
uild
ing
issu
es
Pa
rkin
g m
anag
emen
t: b
alan
ce n
eed
for
dow
ntow
n bu
sine
ss e
mpl
oyee
s, r
etai
l, an
d re
side
nts;
se
ason
al/p
eak
dem
and;
impr
ove
sign
age
& e
nfor
cem
ent
Po
wer
line
s lim
it us
e of
rear
bui
ldin
gs fa
cing
wat
er
N
eed
mor
e el
ectr
icity
in p
ark
and
dow
ntow
n to
sup
port
exp
ande
d us
es, e
vent
s, v
endo
rs, e
tc.
Ci
ty’s
pol
icie
s ar
ound
sno
wm
obile
acc
ess
and
boat
doc
k us
age
are
hot-
butt
on is
sues
Figu
re 2
9 Fi
gure
31
Figu
re 3
0
PlacePlan: Cadillac, Michigan | 41
Physical Design & Walkability
A1:
Mod
ify L
ake
Stre
et b
etw
een
Har
ris
and
Cass
Str
eets
to b
ecom
e a
pede
stri
an s
tree
t. A
dd r
etra
ctab
le b
olla
rds
to a
llow
Lak
e St
reet
to b
e op
en to
veh
icle
traf
fic a
nd e
mer
genc
y ve
hicl
es w
hen
appr
opri
ate
A2:
Enc
oura
ge C
adill
ac’s
Cit
y Co
unci
l to
adop
t for
m-b
ased
cod
e to
allo
w fo
r uni
form
ity
amon
g st
ruct
ures
and
fa
cade
s
A3:
Rec
onfig
ure
the
layo
ut o
f sid
ewal
ks w
ithi
n H
erit
age
Plaz
a to
allo
w fo
r gre
ater
wal
kabi
lity
and
ensu
re
barr
ier-
free
ped
estr
ian
acce
ss fr
om b
usin
esse
s to
Her
itag
e Pl
aza
A4:
Rec
onfig
ure
the
orie
ntat
ion
of p
arki
ng b
ehin
d th
e M
itch
ell S
tree
t bus
ines
ses
whi
le s
till
mai
ntai
ning
85%
of
the
exis
ting
par
king
spa
ces
A5:
Wor
k w
ith
MD
OT
and
the
Stre
et D
ivis
ion
of th
e Ca
dilla
c D
epar
tmen
t of P
ublic
Wor
ks to
ens
ure
adeq
uate
si
gnag
e as
wel
l as
stre
et m
arki
ngs
for
incr
ease
d pe
dest
rian
saf
ety
A6:
Ens
ure
that
acc
ess
to H
erit
age
Plaz
a is
ade
quat
e fo
r all,
incl
udin
g th
ose
wit
h di
sabi
litie
s
Environment Sustainability
B1: D
evel
op r
ain
gard
ens
whe
re p
ossi
ble
alon
g th
e al
ley
behi
nd t
he M
itch
ell S
tree
t bus
ines
ses
to h
elp
prev
ent
flood
ing
of H
erit
age
Plaz
a
B2: W
ork
wit
h th
e Ca
dilla
c Re
cycl
ing
Cent
er a
s w
ell a
s th
e Ca
dilla
c D
epar
tmen
t of U
tilit
ies
to im
plem
ent
a re
cycl
ing
prog
ram
for H
erit
age
Plaz
a
B3: U
tiliz
e th
e co
mm
unit
y fa
rmer
’s m
arke
t as
an o
ppor
tuni
ty to
enc
oura
ge e
nvir
onm
enta
lly-f
rien
dly
grow
ing
prac
tice
s an
d to
teac
h th
e co
mm
unit
y to
eat
loca
lly
B4: C
reat
e a
rene
wab
le e
nerg
y or
dina
nce
to a
llow
for t
he in
stal
lati
on o
f sol
ar p
anel
s on
ligh
t fix
ture
s w
ithi
n th
e pu
blic
rig
ht-o
f-w
ay
B5: W
ork
wit
h th
e Pa
rks
Div
isio
n of
the
Cadi
llac
Dep
artm
ent
of P
ublic
Wor
ks to
max
imiz
e co
nnec
tion
s to
loca
l tr
ailh
eads
to e
ncou
rage
recr
eati
on a
nd w
elln
ess
as w
ell a
s su
stai
nabl
e m
odes
of g
etti
ng a
roun
d su
ch a
s w
alki
ng
and
biki
ng
Tact
ical
Cre
ativ
eSt
rate
gic
√
√
√
√
√
√
√
√
√
√
√
√
√
Conn
ecti
ons
to P
lace
mak
ing
Tact
ical
Cre
ativ
eSt
rate
gic
Ass
et
Cate
gory
Im
plem
enta
tion
St
rate
gies
Sh
ort-
term
Lo
ng-t
erm
Ti
me
Fram
e
The
follo
win
g ta
bles
illu
stra
te th
e re
lativ
e tim
e fr
ame
and
type
of p
lace
mak
ing
activ
ity fo
r ea
ch im
plem
enta
tion
stra
tegy
out
lined
in th
e re
port
.
Figu
re 3
2
Figu
re 3
3
42 | PlacePlan: Cadillac, Michigan
CulturalEconomic
Development
C1: W
orki
ng w
ith
the
Park
s D
ivis
ion
of th
e Ca
dilla
c D
epar
tmen
t of
Pub
lic W
orks
as
wel
l as
the
Dep
artm
ent
of
Com
mun
ity
Dev
elop
men
t, c
reat
e a
com
mun
ity
bran
ding
str
ateg
y fo
r lo
cal a
sset
s to
impr
ove
conn
ecti
ons
wit
hin
the
com
mun
ity
C2: E
ncou
rage
the
use
of H
erit
age
Plaz
a by
tout
ing
it a
s a
cent
erpi
ece
of re
crea
tion
, soc
ial i
nter
acti
on, a
nd
cult
ure
in d
ownt
own
Cadi
llac
C3: U
tiliz
e H
erit
age
Plaz
a as
a s
pace
for a
var
iety
of e
vent
s (c
raft
sho
ws,
art
sho
ws,
out
door
mov
ies,
pla
ys, e
tc.)
C4
: Wor
k w
ith
loca
l bus
ines
ses
to e
ncou
rage
spo
nsor
ship
and
par
tici
pati
on in
com
mun
ity
even
ts
Entrepreneurship
D1:
App
ly fo
r the
Mic
higa
n Ec
onom
ic D
evel
opm
ent
Corp
orat
ion’
s Re
deve
lopm
ent R
eady
Com
mun
itie
s pr
ogra
m
to s
pur
econ
omic
gro
wth
dow
ntow
n
D2:
Enc
oura
ge p
riva
te-p
ublic
par
tner
ship
for e
vent
s in
Her
itag
e Pl
aza
D3:
Dev
elop
a b
usin
ess
incu
bato
r to
allo
w fo
r lo
cal b
usin
esse
s to
gai
n tr
acti
on a
t an
affo
rdab
le re
nt
D4:
Con
side
r ta
king
adv
anta
ge o
f Mic
higa
n’s
inve
stm
ent c
row
dfun
ding
law
, whi
ch a
llow
s re
side
nts
to in
vest
in
loca
l bus
ines
ses
Multiculturalism
E1: W
ork
wit
h Si
ster
Cit
ies
Inte
rnat
iona
l to
stre
ngth
rela
tion
ship
s w
ith
Cadi
llac’
s si
ster
cit
ies
E2: C
omm
unic
ate
wit
h lo
cal i
nsti
tuti
ons
and
com
mun
ity
grou
ps to
wor
k to
geth
er to
cel
ebra
te C
adill
ac’s
div
erse
pa
st
E3: W
ork
wit
h th
e Pa
rks
Div
isio
n of
the
Cad
illac
Dep
artm
ent o
f Pub
lic W
orks
to in
stal
l add
itio
nal s
igna
ge
indi
cati
ng h
isto
rica
l sit
es a
nd in
form
atio
n ab
out
Cadi
llac’
s pa
st
E4: C
eleb
rate
Nat
ive
Am
eric
an tr
ibes
that
use
d to
inha
bit
wha
t is
now
Cad
illac
and
Wex
ford
Cou
nty
thro
ugh
com
mun
ity
even
ts
√
√
√
√
√
√
√ √
√
√ √
√
√
√ √
√
√
√
√
√ √
Tact
ical
Cre
ativ
eSt
rate
gic
Tact
ical
Cre
ativ
eSt
rate
gic
Tact
ical
Cre
ativ
eSt
rate
gic
Ass
et
Cate
gory
Im
plem
enta
tion
St
rate
gies
Sh
ort-
term
Lo
ng-t
erm
Ti
me
Fram
e
Figu
re 3
4
Figu
re 3
5
Figu
re 3
6
PlacePlan: Cadillac, Michigan | 43
Messaging &
Technology
G1:
Wor
k w
ith
the
vari
ous
depa
rtm
ents
of t
he C
adill
ac c
ity
gove
rnm
ent
to m
ove
mor
e of
the
ir s
ervi
ces
onlin
e
G2:
Eit
her i
n-ho
use
or w
ith
the
help
of a
con
sult
ant,
dev
elop
a c
oord
inat
ed s
ocia
l med
ia p
rese
nce,
whe
re a
ll co
mm
unit
y in
stit
utio
ns a
re c
onsi
sten
tly
deliv
erin
g co
ordi
nate
d m
essa
ges.
Cad
illac
is h
ome
to a
sta
rtup
soc
ial
med
ia c
onsu
ltan
t gro
up t
hat h
as a
chie
ved
sim
ilar
resu
lts
wit
h lo
cal b
usin
esse
s.
Transportation Options
F1: C
onsi
der
CMA
Q o
r Tr
ansp
orta
tion
Alt
erna
tive
s gr
ants
to p
ilot a
pub
lic-p
riva
te p
artn
ersh
ip, s
uch
as w
ith
Indi
an T
rails
or
othe
r m
otor
coac
h op
erat
ors,
to p
rovi
de a
com
mut
er c
onne
ctio
n w
ith
Trav
erse
Cit
y an
d ot
her
surr
ound
ing
citi
es
F2: R
esea
rch
how
oth
er n
orth
ern
lake
fron
t com
mun
itie
s ha
ve h
andl
ed a
ddit
iona
l sea
sona
l boa
t and
sn
owm
obile
acc
ess
to th
eir
dow
ntow
ns to
form
ulat
e a
plan
for C
adill
ac to
follo
w
F3: A
ddin
g bi
ke la
nes
whe
re la
ckin
g bu
t ne
cess
ary
to e
ncou
rage
equ
al u
se o
f the
road
F4: E
mpl
oy C
ompl
ete
Stre
ets
deve
lopm
ent s
trat
egie
s as
allo
wed
by
legi
slat
ion
adop
ted
in A
ugus
t 201
0 F5
: Ins
tall
adeq
uate
bik
e ra
cks
at tr
ail h
eads
and
maj
or in
lets
to d
ownt
own
to a
llow
cyc
lists
to p
ark
thei
r bi
kes
whi
le k
eepi
ng d
ownt
own
a pe
dest
rian
frie
ndly
are
a
Education
H1:
Sup
plem
ent
the
addi
tion
al s
tude
nt h
ousi
ng a
vaila
ble
in d
ownt
own
Cadi
llac
by c
onst
ruct
ing
addi
tion
al
clas
sroo
m s
pace
tha
t can
be
used
by
the
area
’s v
ario
us e
duca
tion
al in
stit
utio
ns
H2:
Lev
erag
e ex
isti
ng e
duca
tion
al r
esou
rces
to e
xpan
d le
arni
ng o
ppor
tuni
ties
for a
ll, w
hile
furt
her d
evel
opin
g cu
ltur
al a
nd r
ecre
atio
nal o
ppor
tuni
ties
in a
coo
rdin
ated
fram
ewor
k
Tact
ical
Cre
ativ
eSt
rate
gic
Tact
ical
Cre
ativ
eSt
rate
gic
Tact
ical
Cre
ativ
eSt
rate
gic
√
√
√
√
√
√
√
√
√
√
√
√
Impl
emen
tatio
n
Stra
tegi
es
Ass
et
Cate
gory
Sh
ort-
term
Lo
ng-t
erm
Ti
me
Fram
e
Figu
re 3
7
Figu
re 3
8
Figu
re 3
9
44 | PlacePlan: Cadillac, Michigan
Case
Stu
dies
Mic
higa
n co
mm
uniti
es a
cros
s th
e st
ate
are
impr
ovin
g w
alka
bilit
y an
d de
sign
, esp
ecia
lly in
thei
r do
wnt
own
area
s.
Farm
ingt
on h
as s
pent
the
past
dec
ade
crea
ting
a st
rong
er s
ense
of p
lace
in it
s do
wnt
own
and
the
resu
lt of
this
w
ork
has
been
pos
itive
for
the
com
mun
ity’s
eco
nom
y. M
unic
ipal
off
icia
ls w
orke
d w
ith re
side
nts
to tr
ansf
orm
a
dow
ntow
n st
rip
mal
l par
king
lot i
nto
a pu
blic
par
k an
d pa
vilio
n. T
he n
ew a
rea
now
hou
ses
abou
t 60
even
ts
thro
ugho
ut th
e ye
ar, i
nclu
ding
the
farm
ers
mar
ket,
sw
ing
danc
ing
perf
orm
ance
s, a
nd a
win
ter
fest
ival
. With
mor
e pe
ople
vis
iting
dow
ntow
n Fa
rmin
gton
on
a re
gula
r ba
sis,
reta
il st
ores
and
rest
aura
nts
have
see
n m
ore
foot
tra
ffic
an
d in
crea
sed
sale
s.1
The
park
and
pav
ilion
initi
ativ
e al
so b
uilt
mom
entu
m fo
r th
e ci
ty’s
dow
ntow
n st
reet
scap
e pr
ojec
ts. F
arm
ingt
on’s
do
wnt
own
was
div
ided
by
Gra
nd R
iver
Ave
nue,
a b
usy,
mul
ti-la
ne ro
adw
ay. T
he c
ity n
arro
wed
the
road
and
im
prov
ed la
ndsc
apin
g in
an
effo
rt to
redu
ce r
oad
cong
estio
n as
wel
l as
impr
ove
pede
stri
an s
afet
y, s
tree
t ae
sthe
tics,
and
the
busi
ness
env
ironm
ent.
The
impr
ovem
ents
hav
e re
sulte
d in
add
ition
al s
tree
t par
king
, in
crea
sed
foot
tra
ffic
, and
enc
oura
ged
man
y do
wnt
own
rest
aura
nt o
wne
rs t
o ad
d ou
tdoo
r se
atin
g op
tions
.2
1 “H
eart
of D
ownt
own:
Sun
dqui
st P
avili
on in
Rile
y Pa
rk,”
Mic
higa
n M
unic
ipal
Lea
gue:
Pla
cem
akin
g, 2
014,
acc
esse
d Ju
ne 1
1, 2
014,
htt
p://
pla
cem
akin
g.m
ml.o
rg/h
eart
-of-
dow
ntow
n-su
ndqu
est-
pavi
lion-
in-r
iley-
park
/ 2 “
Hea
rt o
f Dow
ntow
n: S
undq
uist
Pav
ilion
in R
iley
Park
” 3 “
Deq
uind
re C
ut G
reen
way
,” M
ichi
gan
Mun
icip
al L
eagu
e: P
lace
mak
ing,
201
3, a
cces
sed
June
11,
201
4, h
ttp:
// p
lace
mak
ing.
mm
l.org
/deq
uind
re-c
ut/
Phys
ical
Des
ign
& W
alka
bilit
y: F
arm
ingt
on’s
“H
eart
of D
ownt
own”
Conn
ectin
g na
tura
l ass
ets
and
busi
ness
act
iviti
es is
an
impo
rtan
t way
citi
es c
an s
uppo
rt re
side
nts’
inte
rest
s. In
D
etro
it, t
he D
equi
ndre
Cut
Gre
enw
ay is
a fo
rmer
railw
ay re
deve
lope
d in
to a
bik
ing
and
wal
king
pat
h. T
he C
ut
links
ped
estr
ians
and
bic
yclis
ts to
the
Det
roit
Rive
rfro
nt, E
aste
rn M
arke
t, a
nd m
any
resi
dent
ial c
omm
uniti
es.
Build
ing
on e
xist
ing
asse
ts, t
he tr
ail p
rovi
des
an u
niqu
e op
port
unity
to s
tren
gthe
n so
cial
bon
ds, c
onne
ct n
earb
y co
mm
uniti
es, a
nd p
rom
ote
heal
thy
lifes
tyle
s in
dow
ntow
n D
etro
it.3
Envi
ronm
enta
l Sus
tain
abili
ty: T
he D
equi
ndre
Cut
Gre
enw
ay
The
follo
win
g ar
e ca
se s
tudi
es re
latin
g to
eac
h as
set c
ateg
ory
in th
e bo
dy o
f the
repo
rt. T
hese
cas
e st
udie
s pr
ovid
e an
exa
mpl
e of
how
pl
acem
akin
g ca
n be
tied
in w
ith e
ach
asse
t cat
egor
y.
Figu
re 4
0
Figu
re 4
1
Case
Stu
dies
Mic
higa
n co
mm
uniti
es a
cros
s th
e st
ate
are
impr
ovin
g w
alka
bilit
y an
d de
sign
, esp
ecia
lly in
thei
r do
wnt
own
area
s.
Farm
ingt
on h
as s
pent
the
past
dec
ade
crea
ting
a st
rong
er s
ense
of p
lace
in it
s do
wnt
own
and
the
resu
lt of
this
w
ork
has
been
pos
itive
for
the
com
mun
ity’s
eco
nom
y. M
unic
ipal
off
icia
ls w
orke
d w
ith re
side
nts
to tr
ansf
orm
a
dow
ntow
n st
rip
mal
l par
king
lot i
nto
a pu
blic
par
k an
d pa
vilio
n. T
he n
ew a
rea
now
hou
ses
abou
t 60
even
ts
thro
ugho
ut th
e ye
ar, i
nclu
ding
the
farm
ers
mar
ket,
sw
ing
danc
ing
perf
orm
ance
s, a
nd a
win
ter
fest
ival
. With
mor
e pe
ople
vis
iting
dow
ntow
n Fa
rmin
gton
on
a re
gula
r ba
sis,
reta
il st
ores
and
rest
aura
nts
have
see
n m
ore
foot
tra
ffic
an
d in
crea
sed
sale
s.1
The
park
and
pav
ilion
initi
ativ
e al
so b
uilt
mom
entu
m fo
r th
e ci
ty’s
dow
ntow
n st
reet
scap
e pr
ojec
ts. F
arm
ingt
on’s
do
wnt
own
was
div
ided
by
Gra
nd R
iver
Ave
nue,
a b
usy,
mul
ti-la
ne ro
adw
ay. T
he c
ity n
arro
wed
the
road
and
im
prov
ed la
ndsc
apin
g in
an
effo
rt to
redu
ce r
oad
cong
estio
n as
wel
l as
impr
ove
pede
stri
an s
afet
y, s
tree
t ae
sthe
tics,
and
the
busi
ness
env
ironm
ent.
The
impr
ovem
ents
hav
e re
sulte
d in
add
ition
al s
tree
t par
king
, in
crea
sed
foot
tra
ffic
, and
enc
oura
ged
man
y do
wnt
own
rest
aura
nt o
wne
rs t
o ad
d ou
tdoo
r se
atin
g op
tions
.2
1 “H
eart
of D
ownt
own:
Sun
dqui
st P
avili
on in
Rile
y Pa
rk,”
Mic
higa
n M
unic
ipal
Lea
gue:
Pla
cem
akin
g, 2
014,
acc
esse
d Ju
ne 1
1, 2
014,
htt
p://
pla
cem
akin
g.m
ml.o
rg/h
eart
-of-
dow
ntow
n-su
ndqu
est-
pavi
lion-
in-r
iley-
park
/ 2 “
Hea
rt o
f Dow
ntow
n: S
undq
uist
Pav
ilion
in R
iley
Park
” 3 “
Deq
uind
re C
ut G
reen
way
,” M
ichi
gan
Mun
icip
al L
eagu
e: P
lace
mak
ing,
201
3, a
cces
sed
June
11,
201
4, h
ttp:
// p
lace
mak
ing.
mm
l.org
/deq
uind
re-c
ut/
Phys
ical
Des
ign
& W
alka
bilit
y: F
arm
ingt
on’s
“H
eart
of D
ownt
own”
Conn
ectin
g na
tura
l ass
ets
and
busi
ness
act
iviti
es is
an
impo
rtan
t way
citi
es c
an s
uppo
rt re
side
nts’
inte
rest
s. In
D
etro
it, t
he D
equi
ndre
Cut
Gre
enw
ay is
a fo
rmer
railw
ay re
deve
lope
d in
to a
bik
ing
and
wal
king
pat
h. T
he C
ut
links
ped
estr
ians
and
bic
yclis
ts to
the
Det
roit
Rive
rfro
nt, E
aste
rn M
arke
t, a
nd m
any
resi
dent
ial c
omm
uniti
es.
Build
ing
on e
xist
ing
asse
ts, t
he tr
ail p
rovi
des
an u
niqu
e op
port
unity
to s
tren
gthe
n so
cial
bon
ds, c
onne
ct n
earb
y co
mm
uniti
es, a
nd p
rom
ote
heal
thy
lifes
tyle
s in
dow
ntow
n D
etro
it.3
Envi
ronm
enta
l Sus
tain
abili
ty: T
he D
equi
ndre
Cut
Gre
enw
ay
The
follo
win
g ar
e ca
se s
tudi
es re
latin
g to
eac
h as
set c
ateg
ory
in th
e bo
dy o
f the
repo
rt. T
hese
cas
e st
udie
s pr
ovid
e an
exa
mpl
e of
how
pl
acem
akin
g ca
n be
tied
in w
ith e
ach
asse
t cat
egor
y.
Figu
re 4
0
Figu
re 4
1
PlacePlan: Cadillac, Michigan | 45
Dev
elop
ing
effe
ctiv
e co
mm
unity
bra
ndin
g an
d or
gani
zing
cul
tura
l eve
nts
can
be a
n ef
fect
ive
way
to in
crea
se
resi
dent
qua
lity-
of-li
fe a
nd in
crea
se to
uris
m. A
gro
up o
f city
lead
ers
and
conc
erne
d re
side
nts
cam
e up
with
the
St. J
osep
h, M
I Pub
lic A
rt p
roje
ct t
o re
-ene
rgiz
e th
e co
mm
unity
. A th
eme
is s
elec
ted
each
yea
r an
d lo
cal a
rtis
ts
pain
t and
dec
orat
e un
ique
scu
lptu
res,
whi
ch a
re p
lace
d ar
ound
the
dow
ntow
n. P
ast t
hem
es in
clud
e H
orse
s on
th
e Be
ach,
Bea
ch B
ears
, Hot
Car
s, C
ool B
each
es, a
nd m
ore.
The
Pub
lic A
rt in
itiat
ive
has
help
ed in
crea
se
dow
ntow
n st
oref
ront
occ
upan
cy, t
ouri
sm, d
ownt
own
foot
tra
ffic
, and
an
over
all c
hang
e in
att
itude
am
ong
loca
l re
side
nts.
1
1 “St
. Jos
eph
Publ
ic A
rt,”
Mic
higa
n M
unic
ipal
Lea
gue:
Pla
cem
akin
g, 2
014,
acc
esse
d Ju
ne 1
1, 2
014,
htt
p://
pla
cem
akin
g.m
ml.o
rg/s
t-jo
seph
-pub
lic-a
rt/
2 “Ru
st B
elt M
arke
t,” M
ichi
gan
Mun
icip
al L
eagu
e, 2
013,
acc
esse
d Ju
ne 1
1, 2
014,
htt
p://
plac
emak
ing.
mm
l.org
/rus
t-be
lt-m
arke
t/.
3 ”Re
volv
e” M
ichi
gan
Mun
icip
al L
eagu
e, 2
013,
acc
esse
d Ju
ne 1
1, 2
014,
htt
p://
plac
emak
ing.
mm
l.org
/rev
olve
/.
Cult
ural
Eco
nom
ic D
evel
opm
ent:
Le
vera
ging
Pub
lic A
rt fo
r Co
mm
unit
y Br
andi
ng
In a
n ef
fort
to a
ttra
ct a
nd s
uppo
rt s
mal
l bus
ines
ses
in F
ernd
ale,
MI,
com
mun
ity le
ader
s st
arte
d a
shar
ed in
door
m
arke
t ca
lled
the
Rust
Bel
t Mar
ket.
The
mar
ket
is a
rede
velo
ped
vaca
nt c
omm
erci
al b
uild
ing
in d
ownt
own
Fern
dale
that
is n
ow h
ome
to m
ore
than
fift
y sm
all b
usin
ess
owne
rs. L
ocal
ent
repr
eneu
rs r
ent a
n ar
ea in
the
larg
e, re
nova
ted
build
ing
and
oper
ate
thei
r ret
ail s
tore
s al
ongs
ide
othe
r sm
all b
usin
esse
s. R
ust
Belt
Mar
ket a
lso
uses
the
build
ing’
s co
mm
unal
spa
ce to
hos
t con
cert
s an
d co
mm
unity
eve
nts,
impr
ovin
g th
e ci
ty’s
soc
ial o
ffer
ings
an
d ac
tiviti
es.2
Sim
ilarl
y, D
etro
it’s
“po
p-up
” Re
volv
e pr
ogra
m s
uppo
rts
entr
epre
neur
s an
d ac
tivat
es v
acan
t sto
refr
onts
. Usi
ng a
sm
all b
udge
t, th
e D
etro
it Ec
onom
ic G
row
th C
orpo
ratio
n w
orks
with
the
com
mun
ity a
nd lo
cal e
ntre
pren
eurs
to
reno
vate
vac
ant s
tore
fron
ts in
wal
kabl
e D
etro
it co
mm
uniti
es. E
ntre
pren
eurs
are
abl
e to
tem
pora
rily
use
the
spac
e to
test
thei
r bus
ines
s an
d pr
oduc
ts, a
nd b
uild
ded
icat
ed c
lient
ele
and
stor
efro
nts
are
reno
vate
d fo
r fu
ture
pe
rman
ent b
usin
esse
s.3 G
ettin
g cr
eativ
e w
ith n
ew b
usin
ess
deve
lopm
ent,
like
Rus
t Be
lt M
arke
t and
Rev
olve
in
itiat
ives
, can
hel
p M
ichi
gan
com
mun
ities
bec
ome
succ
essf
ul e
ntre
pren
eurs
hip
dest
inat
ions
.
Entr
epre
neur
ship
: Pro
vidi
ng S
pace
s fo
r N
ew B
usin
ess
Figu
re 4
3
Figu
re 4
2
Case
Stu
dies
Mic
higa
n co
mm
uniti
es a
cros
s th
e st
ate
are
impr
ovin
g w
alka
bilit
y an
d de
sign
, esp
ecia
lly in
thei
r do
wnt
own
area
s.
Farm
ingt
on h
as s
pent
the
past
dec
ade
crea
ting
a st
rong
er s
ense
of p
lace
in it
s do
wnt
own
and
the
resu
lt of
this
w
ork
has
been
pos
itive
for
the
com
mun
ity’s
eco
nom
y. M
unic
ipal
off
icia
ls w
orke
d w
ith re
side
nts
to tr
ansf
orm
a
dow
ntow
n st
rip
mal
l par
king
lot i
nto
a pu
blic
par
k an
d pa
vilio
n. T
he n
ew a
rea
now
hou
ses
abou
t 60
even
ts
thro
ugho
ut th
e ye
ar, i
nclu
ding
the
farm
ers
mar
ket,
sw
ing
danc
ing
perf
orm
ance
s, a
nd a
win
ter
fest
ival
. With
mor
e pe
ople
vis
iting
dow
ntow
n Fa
rmin
gton
on
a re
gula
r ba
sis,
reta
il st
ores
and
rest
aura
nts
have
see
n m
ore
foot
tra
ffic
an
d in
crea
sed
sale
s.1
The
park
and
pav
ilion
initi
ativ
e al
so b
uilt
mom
entu
m fo
r th
e ci
ty’s
dow
ntow
n st
reet
scap
e pr
ojec
ts. F
arm
ingt
on’s
do
wnt
own
was
div
ided
by
Gra
nd R
iver
Ave
nue,
a b
usy,
mul
ti-la
ne ro
adw
ay. T
he c
ity n
arro
wed
the
road
and
im
prov
ed la
ndsc
apin
g in
an
effo
rt to
redu
ce r
oad
cong
estio
n as
wel
l as
impr
ove
pede
stri
an s
afet
y, s
tree
t ae
sthe
tics,
and
the
busi
ness
env
ironm
ent.
The
impr
ovem
ents
hav
e re
sulte
d in
add
ition
al s
tree
t par
king
, in
crea
sed
foot
tra
ffic
, and
enc
oura
ged
man
y do
wnt
own
rest
aura
nt o
wne
rs t
o ad
d ou
tdoo
r se
atin
g op
tions
.2
1 “H
eart
of D
ownt
own:
Sun
dqui
st P
avili
on in
Rile
y Pa
rk,”
Mic
higa
n M
unic
ipal
Lea
gue:
Pla
cem
akin
g, 2
014,
acc
esse
d Ju
ne 1
1, 2
014,
htt
p://
pla
cem
akin
g.m
ml.o
rg/h
eart
-of-
dow
ntow
n-su
ndqu
est-
pavi
lion-
in-r
iley-
park
/ 2 “
Hea
rt o
f Dow
ntow
n: S
undq
uist
Pav
ilion
in R
iley
Park
” 3 “
Deq
uind
re C
ut G
reen
way
,” M
ichi
gan
Mun
icip
al L
eagu
e: P
lace
mak
ing,
201
3, a
cces
sed
June
11,
201
4, h
ttp:
// p
lace
mak
ing.
mm
l.org
/deq
uind
re-c
ut/
Phys
ical
Des
ign
& W
alka
bilit
y: F
arm
ingt
on’s
“H
eart
of D
ownt
own”
Conn
ectin
g na
tura
l ass
ets
and
busi
ness
act
iviti
es is
an
impo
rtan
t way
citi
es c
an s
uppo
rt re
side
nts’
inte
rest
s. In
D
etro
it, t
he D
equi
ndre
Cut
Gre
enw
ay is
a fo
rmer
railw
ay re
deve
lope
d in
to a
bik
ing
and
wal
king
pat
h. T
he C
ut
links
ped
estr
ians
and
bic
yclis
ts to
the
Det
roit
Rive
rfro
nt, E
aste
rn M
arke
t, a
nd m
any
resi
dent
ial c
omm
uniti
es.
Build
ing
on e
xist
ing
asse
ts, t
he tr
ail p
rovi
des
an u
niqu
e op
port
unity
to s
tren
gthe
n so
cial
bon
ds, c
onne
ct n
earb
y co
mm
uniti
es, a
nd p
rom
ote
heal
thy
lifes
tyle
s in
dow
ntow
n D
etro
it.3
Envi
ronm
enta
l Sus
tain
abili
ty: T
he D
equi
ndre
Cut
Gre
enw
ay
The
follo
win
g ar
e ca
se s
tudi
es re
latin
g to
eac
h as
set c
ateg
ory
in th
e bo
dy o
f the
repo
rt. T
hese
cas
e st
udie
s pr
ovid
e an
exa
mpl
e of
how
pl
acem
akin
g ca
n be
tied
in w
ith e
ach
asse
t cat
egor
y.
Figu
re 4
0
Figu
re 4
1
46 | PlacePlan: Cadillac, Michigan
1 “D
etro
it SO
UP,
” M
ichi
gan
Mun
icip
al L
eagu
e, 2
014,
acc
esse
d Ju
ne 1
1, 2
014,
htt
p://
plac
emak
ing.
mm
l.org
/det
roit-
soup
/ 2 ”
Love
Mus
kego
n,”
Mic
higa
n M
unic
ipal
Lea
gue,
201
3, a
cces
sed
June
23,
201
4, h
ttp:
//pl
acem
akin
g.m
ml.o
rg/l
ove-
mus
kego
n/
Hos
ting
even
ts t
hat b
ring
div
erse
gro
ups
of p
eopl
e to
geth
er is
one
way
to e
ncou
rage
a w
elco
min
g co
mm
unity
. D
etro
it SO
UP
is a
loca
l cro
wdf
undi
ng p
otlu
ck w
here
att
ende
es m
ake
a do
natio
n of
$5
and
liste
n to
pitc
hes
from
pe
ople
doi
ng g
reat
thin
gs in
the
com
mun
ity. T
hrou
ghou
t the
eve
ning
, att
ende
es ta
lk, a
sk q
uest
ions
, sha
re id
eas,
an
d su
ppor
t eac
h ot
her.
At th
e en
d of
the
nigh
t, p
eopl
e vo
te fo
r th
eir
favo
rite
pitc
h an
d th
e w
inne
r go
es h
ome
with
all
of th
e m
oney
rais
ed a
t the
doo
r as
see
d fu
ndin
g fo
r th
eir
conc
ept.
1 Giv
ing
peop
le a
n op
port
unity
to
gath
er a
nd s
uppo
rt e
ach
othe
r ca
n he
lp b
ridg
e cu
ltura
l div
ides
and
pro
mot
e a
mor
e w
elco
min
g co
mm
unity
.
Mul
ticu
ltur
alis
m: G
athe
ring
ove
r SO
UP
Alth
ough
oth
er s
tate
s ar
e fa
r ah
ead
of M
ichi
gan’
s pu
blic
tran
spor
tatio
n op
tions
, som
e M
ichi
gan
com
mun
ities
are
m
akin
g qu
ick
prog
ress
in th
e in
itiat
ive.
In M
ay, 2
014,
71
perc
ent o
f vot
ers
in A
nn A
rbor
, Yps
ilant
i, an
d Yp
sila
nti
Tow
nshi
p pa
ssed
a ta
x in
crea
se to
exp
and
tran
sit s
ervi
ces
betw
een
the
com
mun
ities
. The
add
ition
al fu
ndin
g w
ill
put m
ore
buse
s on
the
road
, exp
and
hour
s, a
dd ro
utes
, and
bro
aden
a d
igita
l rid
e se
rvic
e.1
The
Gra
nd R
apid
s ar
ea is
als
o pl
anni
ng to
put
a m
ore
com
plet
e bu
s sy
stem
on
the
stre
ets
by A
ugus
t 201
4. T
he S
ilver
Lin
e bu
s ra
pid
tran
sit p
roje
ct w
ill c
onne
ct G
rand
Rap
ids,
Ken
twoo
d, a
nd W
yom
ing,
and
aim
s to
com
pete
with
car
s to
get
su
burb
an w
orke
rs d
ownt
own.
2 Th
e bu
ses
will
com
mun
icat
e w
ith tr
affic
ligh
ts a
nd u
se th
eir
own
traf
fic la
ne to
qu
ickl
y br
ing
peop
le w
here
the
y ne
ed to
go.
Bot
h pr
ojec
ts a
re e
stim
ated
to h
ave
a po
sitiv
e im
pact
on
the
com
mun
ities
’ eco
nom
ic d
evel
opm
ent
and
incr
ease
reve
nue
for
loca
l bus
ines
ses.
Tran
spor
tati
on O
ptio
ns:
Expa
ndin
g Tr
ansi
t to
Incr
ease
Tra
vel O
ptio
ns
Figu
re 4
4
Figu
re 4
5
1 “D
etro
it SO
UP,
” M
ichi
gan
Mun
icip
al L
eagu
e, 2
014,
acc
esse
d Ju
ne 1
1, 2
014,
htt
p://
plac
emak
ing.
mm
l.org
/det
roit-
soup
/ 2 ”
Love
Mus
kego
n,”
Mic
higa
n M
unic
ipal
Lea
gue,
201
3, a
cces
sed
June
23,
201
4, h
ttp:
//pl
acem
akin
g.m
ml.o
rg/l
ove-
mus
kego
n/
Hos
ting
even
ts t
hat b
ring
div
erse
gro
ups
of p
eopl
e to
geth
er is
one
way
to e
ncou
rage
a w
elco
min
g co
mm
unity
. D
etro
it SO
UP
is a
loca
l cro
wdf
undi
ng p
otlu
ck w
here
att
ende
es m
ake
a do
natio
n of
$5
and
liste
n to
pitc
hes
from
pe
ople
doi
ng g
reat
thin
gs in
the
com
mun
ity. T
hrou
ghou
t the
eve
ning
, att
ende
es ta
lk, a
sk q
uest
ions
, sha
re id
eas,
an
d su
ppor
t eac
h ot
her.
At th
e en
d of
the
nigh
t, p
eopl
e vo
te fo
r th
eir
favo
rite
pitc
h an
d th
e w
inne
r go
es h
ome
with
all
of th
e m
oney
rais
ed a
t the
doo
r as
see
d fu
ndin
g fo
r th
eir
conc
ept.
1 Giv
ing
peop
le a
n op
port
unity
to
gath
er a
nd s
uppo
rt e
ach
othe
r ca
n he
lp b
ridg
e cu
ltura
l div
ides
and
pro
mot
e a
mor
e w
elco
min
g co
mm
unity
.
Mul
ticu
ltur
alis
m: G
athe
ring
ove
r SO
UP
Alth
ough
oth
er s
tate
s ar
e fa
r ah
ead
of M
ichi
gan’
s pu
blic
tran
spor
tatio
n op
tions
, som
e M
ichi
gan
com
mun
ities
are
m
akin
g qu
ick
prog
ress
in th
e in
itiat
ive.
In M
ay, 2
014,
71
perc
ent o
f vot
ers
in A
nn A
rbor
, Yps
ilant
i, an
d Yp
sila
nti
Tow
nshi
p pa
ssed
a ta
x in
crea
se to
exp
and
tran
sit s
ervi
ces
betw
een
the
com
mun
ities
. The
add
ition
al fu
ndin
g w
ill
put m
ore
buse
s on
the
road
, exp
and
hour
s, a
dd ro
utes
, and
bro
aden
a d
igita
l rid
e se
rvic
e.1
The
Gra
nd R
apid
s ar
ea is
als
o pl
anni
ng to
put
a m
ore
com
plet
e bu
s sy
stem
on
the
stre
ets
by A
ugus
t 201
4. T
he S
ilver
Lin
e bu
s ra
pid
tran
sit p
roje
ct w
ill c
onne
ct G
rand
Rap
ids,
Ken
twoo
d, a
nd W
yom
ing,
and
aim
s to
com
pete
with
car
s to
get
su
burb
an w
orke
rs d
ownt
own.
2 Th
e bu
ses
will
com
mun
icat
e w
ith tr
affic
ligh
ts a
nd u
se th
eir
own
traf
fic la
ne to
qu
ickl
y br
ing
peop
le w
here
the
y ne
ed to
go.
Bot
h pr
ojec
ts a
re e
stim
ated
to h
ave
a po
sitiv
e im
pact
on
the
com
mun
ities
’ eco
nom
ic d
evel
opm
ent
and
incr
ease
reve
nue
for
loca
l bus
ines
ses.
Tran
spor
tati
on O
ptio
ns:
Expa
ndin
g Tr
ansi
t to
Incr
ease
Tra
vel O
ptio
ns
Figu
re 4
4
Figu
re 4
5
1 “D
etro
it SO
UP,
” M
ichi
gan
Mun
icip
al L
eagu
e, 2
014,
acc
esse
d Ju
ne 1
1, 2
014,
htt
p://
plac
emak
ing.
mm
l.org
/det
roit-
soup
/ 2 ”
Love
Mus
kego
n,”
Mic
higa
n M
unic
ipal
Lea
gue,
201
3, a
cces
sed
June
23,
201
4, h
ttp:
//pl
acem
akin
g.m
ml.o
rg/l
ove-
mus
kego
n/
Hos
ting
even
ts t
hat b
ring
div
erse
gro
ups
of p
eopl
e to
geth
er is
one
way
to e
ncou
rage
a w
elco
min
g co
mm
unity
. D
etro
it SO
UP
is a
loca
l cro
wdf
undi
ng p
otlu
ck w
here
att
ende
es m
ake
a do
natio
n of
$5
and
liste
n to
pitc
hes
from
pe
ople
doi
ng g
reat
thin
gs in
the
com
mun
ity. T
hrou
ghou
t the
eve
ning
, att
ende
es ta
lk, a
sk q
uest
ions
, sha
re id
eas,
an
d su
ppor
t eac
h ot
her.
At th
e en
d of
the
nigh
t, p
eopl
e vo
te fo
r th
eir
favo
rite
pitc
h an
d th
e w
inne
r go
es h
ome
with
all
of th
e m
oney
rais
ed a
t the
doo
r as
see
d fu
ndin
g fo
r th
eir
conc
ept.
1 Giv
ing
peop
le a
n op
port
unity
to
gath
er a
nd s
uppo
rt e
ach
othe
r ca
n he
lp b
ridg
e cu
ltura
l div
ides
and
pro
mot
e a
mor
e w
elco
min
g co
mm
unity
.
Mul
ticu
ltur
alis
m: G
athe
ring
ove
r SO
UP
Alth
ough
oth
er s
tate
s ar
e fa
r ah
ead
of M
ichi
gan’
s pu
blic
tran
spor
tatio
n op
tions
, som
e M
ichi
gan
com
mun
ities
are
m
akin
g qu
ick
prog
ress
in th
e in
itiat
ive.
In M
ay, 2
014,
71
perc
ent o
f vot
ers
in A
nn A
rbor
, Yps
ilant
i, an
d Yp
sila
nti
Tow
nshi
p pa
ssed
a ta
x in
crea
se to
exp
and
tran
sit s
ervi
ces
betw
een
the
com
mun
ities
. The
add
ition
al fu
ndin
g w
ill
put m
ore
buse
s on
the
road
, exp
and
hour
s, a
dd ro
utes
, and
bro
aden
a d
igita
l rid
e se
rvic
e.1
The
Gra
nd R
apid
s ar
ea is
als
o pl
anni
ng to
put
a m
ore
com
plet
e bu
s sy
stem
on
the
stre
ets
by A
ugus
t 201
4. T
he S
ilver
Lin
e bu
s ra
pid
tran
sit p
roje
ct w
ill c
onne
ct G
rand
Rap
ids,
Ken
twoo
d, a
nd W
yom
ing,
and
aim
s to
com
pete
with
car
s to
get
su
burb
an w
orke
rs d
ownt
own.
2 Th
e bu
ses
will
com
mun
icat
e w
ith tr
affic
ligh
ts a
nd u
se th
eir
own
traf
fic la
ne to
qu
ickl
y br
ing
peop
le w
here
the
y ne
ed to
go.
Bot
h pr
ojec
ts a
re e
stim
ated
to h
ave
a po
sitiv
e im
pact
on
the
com
mun
ities
’ eco
nom
ic d
evel
opm
ent
and
incr
ease
reve
nue
for
loca
l bus
ines
ses.
Tran
spor
tati
on O
ptio
ns:
Expa
ndin
g Tr
ansi
t to
Incr
ease
Tra
vel O
ptio
ns
Figu
re 4
4
Figu
re 4
5
PlacePlan: Cadillac, Michigan | 47
1 Sar
ah C
raft
, “Pu
blic
Tra
nspo
rtat
ion:
Let
’s S
tep
it U
p!”
Mic
higa
n M
unic
ipal
Lea
gue,
201
4, a
cces
sed
June
23,
201
4, h
ttp:
//pl
acem
akin
g.m
ml.o
rg/2
014/
05/0
8/pu
blic
-tra
nspo
rtat
ion-
lets
-ste
p-it-
up/
2 Mat
thew
Gry
czan
, “G
rand
Rap
ids
Bets
on
the
Succ
ess
of it
s N
ew B
us S
yste
m,”
Cra
in’s
Det
roit
Busi
ness
, May
11,
201
4, a
cces
sed
June
23,
201
4, h
ttp:
//w
ww
.cra
insd
etro
it.co
m/a
rtic
le/2
0140
511/
NEW
S/30
5119
999/
gran
d-ra
pids
-bet
s-on
-the
-su
cces
s-of
-its-
new
-bus
-sys
tem
# 3
Dav
id Je
sse,
“W
orki
ng w
ith th
e Ci
ty o
f Jac
kson
Tea
ches
U-M
Stu
dent
s ab
out t
he R
eal W
orld
,” T
he D
etro
it Fr
ee P
ress
, Apr
il 28
, 201
4, a
cces
sed
Apr
il 29
, 201
4, h
ttp:
//w
ww
.free
p.co
m/a
rtic
le/2
0140
428/
NEW
S06/
3042
8001
4
For
deca
des,
the
Uni
vers
ity o
f Mic
higa
n ha
s be
en p
artn
erin
g w
ith c
omm
uniti
es a
cros
s th
e st
ate
for
rese
arch
pr
ojec
ts a
nd s
tude
nt in
tern
ship
s. R
ecen
tly U
M s
tude
nts
have
bee
n w
orki
ng w
ith c
ity o
ffic
ials
in Ja
ckso
n to
in
itiat
e sp
ecia
l pro
ject
s to
impr
ove
com
mun
icat
ion
betw
een
the
city
and
resi
dent
s. F
or e
xam
ple,
one
gro
up is
de
velo
ping
a p
rogr
am w
here
the
pub
lic c
an te
xt a
nony
mou
s in
form
atio
n to
pol
ice–
som
ethi
ng th
e ci
ty d
idn’
t ha
ve th
e tim
e or
sta
ff to
cre
ate
on it
s ow
n. C
ities
that
are
abl
e to
bui
ld s
tron
g re
latio
nshi
ps w
ith u
nive
rsiti
es c
an
leve
rage
impo
rtan
t stu
dent
and
pro
fess
iona
l ass
ets
they
may
not
be
able
to a
cces
s ot
herw
ise.
Educ
atio
n: S
tude
nt P
roje
cts
Leve
rage
Pub
lic D
ata
in Ja
ckso
n
Som
e M
ichi
gan
com
mun
ities
are
get
ting
crea
tive
with
mes
sagi
ng, a
nd e
ven
lett
ing
resi
dent
s do
som
e of
the
wor
k. In
an
effo
rt to
pro
mot
e M
uske
gon,
a g
roup
of y
oung
pro
fess
iona
ls d
esig
ned
a lo
go a
nd s
loga
n fo
r th
e co
mm
unity
, “Lo
ve M
uske
gon,
” an
d st
arte
d bo
ostin
g th
e ci
ty’s
onl
ine
pres
ence
. The
ope
n-so
urce
d lo
go w
as
wid
ely
disp
erse
d th
roug
hout
the
com
mun
ity, w
hich
spa
rked
eve
nts,
pho
to o
ppor
tuni
ties,
and
gav
e re
side
nts
an
excu
se to
“ha
ve a
love
aff
air”
with
thei
r ci
ty.2
Mes
sagi
ng &
Tec
hnol
ogy:
Sha
ring
the
Love
in M
uske
gon
Figu
re 4
6
Figu
re 4
7
1 Sar
ah C
raft
, “Pu
blic
Tra
nspo
rtat
ion:
Let
’s S
tep
it U
p!”
Mic
higa
n M
unic
ipal
Lea
gue,
201
4, a
cces
sed
June
23,
201
4, h
ttp:
//pl
acem
akin
g.m
ml.o
rg/2
014/
05/0
8/pu
blic
-tra
nspo
rtat
ion-
lets
-ste
p-it-
up/
2 Mat
thew
Gry
czan
, “G
rand
Rap
ids
Bets
on
the
Succ
ess
of it
s N
ew B
us S
yste
m,”
Cra
in’s
Det
roit
Busi
ness
, May
11,
201
4, a
cces
sed
June
23,
201
4, h
ttp:
//w
ww
.cra
insd
etro
it.co
m/a
rtic
le/2
0140
511/
NEW
S/30
5119
999/
gran
d-ra
pids
-bet
s-on
-the
-su
cces
s-of
-its-
new
-bus
-sys
tem
# 3
Dav
id Je
sse,
“W
orki
ng w
ith th
e Ci
ty o
f Jac
kson
Tea
ches
U-M
Stu
dent
s ab
out t
he R
eal W
orld
,” T
he D
etro
it Fr
ee P
ress
, Apr
il 28
, 201
4, a
cces
sed
Apr
il 29
, 201
4, h
ttp:
//w
ww
.free
p.co
m/a
rtic
le/2
0140
428/
NEW
S06/
3042
8001
4
For
deca
des,
the
Uni
vers
ity o
f Mic
higa
n ha
s be
en p
artn
erin
g w
ith c
omm
uniti
es a
cros
s th
e st
ate
for
rese
arch
pr
ojec
ts a
nd s
tude
nt in
tern
ship
s. R
ecen
tly U
M s
tude
nts
have
bee
n w
orki
ng w
ith c
ity o
ffic
ials
in Ja
ckso
n to
in
itiat
e sp
ecia
l pro
ject
s to
impr
ove
com
mun
icat
ion
betw
een
the
city
and
resi
dent
s. F
or e
xam
ple,
one
gro
up is
de
velo
ping
a p
rogr
am w
here
the
pub
lic c
an te
xt a
nony
mou
s in
form
atio
n to
pol
ice–
som
ethi
ng th
e ci
ty d
idn’
t ha
ve th
e tim
e or
sta
ff to
cre
ate
on it
s ow
n. C
ities
that
are
abl
e to
bui
ld s
tron
g re
latio
nshi
ps w
ith u
nive
rsiti
es c
an
leve
rage
impo
rtan
t stu
dent
and
pro
fess
iona
l ass
ets
they
may
not
be
able
to a
cces
s ot
herw
ise.
Educ
atio
n: S
tude
nt P
roje
cts
Leve
rage
Pub
lic D
ata
in Ja
ckso
n
Som
e M
ichi
gan
com
mun
ities
are
get
ting
crea
tive
with
mes
sagi
ng, a
nd e
ven
lett
ing
resi
dent
s do
som
e of
the
wor
k. In
an
effo
rt to
pro
mot
e M
uske
gon,
a g
roup
of y
oung
pro
fess
iona
ls d
esig
ned
a lo
go a
nd s
loga
n fo
r th
e co
mm
unity
, “Lo
ve M
uske
gon,
” an
d st
arte
d bo
ostin
g th
e ci
ty’s
onl
ine
pres
ence
. The
ope
n-so
urce
d lo
go w
as
wid
ely
disp
erse
d th
roug
hout
the
com
mun
ity, w
hich
spa
rked
eve
nts,
pho
to o
ppor
tuni
ties,
and
gav
e re
side
nts
an
excu
se to
“ha
ve a
love
aff
air”
with
thei
r ci
ty.2
Mes
sagi
ng &
Tec
hnol
ogy:
Sha
ring
the
Love
in M
uske
gon
Figu
re 4
6
Figu
re 4
7