m.guna seelan thesis -...
TRANSCRIPT
APENTIX OF THE LEXICAL ITEMS
OCCUPATIONAL TERMS FOR AGRICULTURE
acci ‘axle’
acci ka:lu ‘field with ridges’
accikaTTe ‘axle’
acci mamuTTi ‘spade which has the Govt. seal’
aTikkiratu ‘threshing of grains’
aTicci eTukkiratu ‘collection of grains after threshing’
aNacci po:Turatu ‘ridge supported work’
aNTe ‘side support of the dike’
aNTe kalikkiratu ‘installing a side support of the dike’
aNTeko:luratu ‘process of installing a side support of the dike’
aNTe veTTuratu ‘installing dike around the field’
acal maN fertile soil
aTaku lease
ari reaped corn
arici ‘rice’
arappa:lu ‘half stage of forming milk in the ear of corn’
arabi ‘a stage of tender immature fruit’
arekki:ra ‘a kind of greens’
aruvaTe ‘harvest’
aruva: ‘cuter’
arapparuva: ‘harvest cuter’
arappaTTom half row of gathering
aruvaTe ka:lam ‘harvest periapt’
aruvaT pairu ‘the crop at the stage of harvest’
avare ‘country beans’
avrapantal ‘supporting rope in country beans’
alukku maN ‘black soil/alluvial soil’
a:TTu eruvu ‘sheep’s excretion used as manure’
a:TTa:mplukka ‘sheep’s excretion used as manure’
a:Tika:ttu ‘wind during the months of July and August’
a:TipaTTom ‘seedling season’
a:ttupa:canom ‘river irrigation’
a:ttukka:va: ‘a channel breaching from the river’
a:maNakku koTTe ‘castor seed’
a:la o:TTuratu ‘ploughing deeply’
a:nTe ‘land owner’
irupo:kattu nelom ‘two crops land in a year’
iruppu kaleppe ‘iron plough’
iruppu callaTe ‘sieve made up of iron’
i:cca ‘basket made up of palm leaves’
uvar nelom ‘saline soil’
uLuñtu ‘black- grain’
uppucom ‘a kind of cattle disease’
urule kaTTe ‘a cylindrical bough used in water-lift’
u:ruva:ripañku ‘wet land’
u:ta kaattu ‘strong wind from the North’
u:tta:Ni ‘supporting nail in a plough’
u:mapani ka:lom ‘fog/mist season’
u: ‘fastening the cattle’s neck and leg’
u: ‘fastening the rope’
u: ‘fastening the cattle’s neck and leg’
ottakaruppu ‘blackness’
ottaveLLe ‘whiteness’
ottayaTi pa:te ‘road/way’
otukkuratu ‘shaking as a tree’
olaka:lu pa ‘the spring near the lake’
eNNevittu ‘oil seed’
eruvu ‘manure’
eruvu aTikkiratu ‘transporting the manure to the land by cart’
ertu ‘bull/ox’
eruma keTa : ‘he buffalo’
eruma ma:Tu ‘buffalo’
elaya o:TTratu ‘ploughing closely’
ellekallu ‘village boundary stone’
eLLu ‘gingerly’
erappu pa:canom ‘well irrigation’
e:ttamaron ‘a pole attacked to picottah which supports the
bucket for drawing water’
e:ttom ‘picottah’
e:ri ‘a channel branching from a tank’
e:ri pa:canom ‘tank irrigation’
e:ri matuvu ‘sluice of tank’
e:ru oTRatu ‘process of ploughing’
e:ru kaTRatu ‘yoking the oxen to the plough’
e:ru pu:TRatu ‘yoking the oxen to the plough’
e:ruka: ‘shaft as of a plough’
e:ru ma:Tu ‘bullock/ox which is used in ploughing’
oTTu tale ‘ridge made of mud’
orupo:kettu nelom ‘one crop land in a year’
olavu kaTTa ‘a wooden role used in plough’
olavu kairu ‘plough rope’
ore ‘receptacle for grain, a kind of sack’
oTe va:ikka: ‘the field which is long and irregular’
o:TTu vi:Tu ‘watching house which is built on the stream’
ka ‘the person who supervises the land mainly
during harvest’
kaNNi ‘rope used in cart’
kaNNu ‘young plant’
kaTTaTom ‘supporting wall of brick construction’
kaTTukaLLu ‘stone structure
kaTTu kaTTuratu’ ‘binding of reaped corn’
kaTTe kalappe ‘wooden plough used to harrow wet land’
kaTe kucci ‘wooden pin used to keep oxen in a yoke’
keTeri ‘female calf’
kNuvu ‘node of sugarcane’
kaNNukuTTi ‘calf’
kattrikka: ‘brinjal’
katuru ‘ear-head of grain’
katuru vare paruvom ‘stage of ear-head’
kampi ve:li ‘iron wire fence’
kaNemala ‘heavy rain’
karukkaruva: ‘sickle with serrated edge’
karukka: ‘chaff, as of paddy’
karukku ‘serrated edge and sharpness’
karukku pairu ‘the crop before ear-head’
karuppu maNNu ‘clay soil’
kairu ‘rope’
kaLimaNNu ‘clay soil’
kaLLa:kkoTTe ‘groundnut’
kaLekoTTu ‘small iron pick with broad blade and wooden
handle’
kaLLe puTu ‘groundnut plant which can be plucked with
the help of hand’
kaLe ‘weeds’
kale eTupp ‘weeding’
kale pi:r:a:iratu ‘picking out weeds’
ka:ikari vegetables
ka:le kaNNu ‘male calf’
ka:NikaLLu ‘filed boundary stone’
ka:ttu ‘wind’
ka:tu ‘hole through which rope is passed’
ka:mpu ‘straight handle, shaft’
ka:i ‘unripe fruit/vegetable’
ka:TTu pi:kkom ‘a kind of gribbed-gourd’
ka:raruci ‘a kind of rice’
ka:ra:maNi ‘chick pea’
ka:ra:mpacu ‘cow having black tongue and nipple’
ka:rme:kam ‘black cloud’
ka:lpiñcu ‘a stage of tender immature fruit’
ka:va:paraNe ‘watch tower’
ka:va: ‘channel’
kiTTimarom ‘pegs that confine the bullock’s neck to the ends
of the yoke’
ki:re ‘greens’
kuttuk ka:lu ‘a pointed wood for the support of plant’
kuLuvuru ka:laom ‘winter season’
kurukku ca:lu ‘breadth wise furrow’
ku:lom ‘the husk of ragi, maize, etc.’
ku:lie:ru ‘hired plough’
ku:li ve:le ‘rented water-lift’
ku:li ya:lu ‘wage laborer’
kela ‘tuber’
ke:vu ragi, a millet’
koTa:ppu ‘umbrella shaped palm leaves cover’
koTi poTala ‘a kind of snake-gourd’
koTLe ‘a kind of cover as an umbrella used while
doing work in field during rainy season’
kolle ‘cultivating field’
kole ‘metal hoop in the yoke’
ko:Ta:li ‘axe’
ko:Temala ‘rain during summer’
ko:Ne pa:ru ‘bend-bar in the body of a cart’
ko:re ‘wooden rod/stick’
koNTu kattarikka: ‘a kind of brinjal’
koNTu corakka: ‘a kind of bottle-gourd’
koNTu pu:caNi ‘a kind of pumpkin’
kuttuve ‘tenancy’
kuttuve ku:li ‘rent given by the tenant’
kuttuve pairka:ran ‘tenant’
kuppe ‘the husk of grains such as ragi, maize, etc.’
kuruve ‘short term crop’
ku:TTom ‘staff/stick’
ku:Lom ‘the husk of grains such as maize, ragi etc. after
it has been separated from the grain’
keTTe ‘ridge of the field’
keTTeppa:re ‘iron-bar’
cakkaravalli kela ‘tapioca’
cakke ‘anything useless’
caTTom ‘rent (of cart)’
camca:ri ‘married man’
campa: paTTom ‘the period from July/August to January (6
months duration)’-‘long term period’
cavulu ‘a kind of spade like instrument to scoop the
soil’
cavuru maNNu ‘saline soil’
cavuTTu nelom ‘sediment soil’
cava:ri kaTTe kela ‘tapioca’
ca:Ni ‘cow-dung (manure)’
caNi pillu ‘a kind of grass during the second weed’
ca:mpa tu:tte ‘a kind of drizzling’
ca:mpa ‘ash (manure)’
ca:lu ‘bailing bucket used in water-lift’
cimeNTu ro:lu ‘cement roller’
ciruki:re ‘a kind of greens’
ci:rakacampa: ‘a kind of rice’
cuNNa:mpu kallu ‘lime stone’
cuttuka:ttu ‘cyclone/whirl wind’
cekappu kattrikka: ‘a kind of brinjal’
ce ‘almost riped fruit’
cette ‘rubbish/trash- which is used as manure’
cema ‘a bundle’
cemakaTTratu ‘binding the bundles of reaped corn’
cemme:kam ‘red cloud’
ce:ttu aNTe ‘mud support to the ridge of the field’
cettukalappe ‘a kind of plough used only in the wet land’
co ‘own plough’
colal kattu ‘whirl wind’
corakka: ‘bottle-gourd’
co:ka ‘sheath as of sugarcane’
co:Laom ‘maize’
calikkiratu ‘sieving’
jalli ‘small chips, as of stones’
callaTa ‘sieve’
Telli eruma ‘a kind of buffalo’
takka:Li ‘tomato’
tennom puLLe ‘young plant, as of coconut tree’
taTTe ‘leaf portion of maize, ragi etc.’
taTTukku:Te ‘winnowing to cast dust in the air’
taTi kali ‘wooden handle’
taTukku ‘receptacle for grain, a kind of sack made of
palm leaves’
taTuppu palave ‘a wooden plank as a gate in sluice’
taNTukki:re ‘a kind of greens’
taNNi vakkiratu ‘irrigating water in the field’
taNNi vaTikaTTuratu ‘filtration of water from the field’
taNNikorakkiratu ‘filtering the water from the field when it is in
excess’
tarucu nelom ‘fallow land/uncultivable land’
talaya:ri campalom ‘land held rent free as a gift given to the village
watchman’
tavuTu ‘bran’
tiTTu ‘land surrounded with water’
tu:tturatu ‘winnowing to cast dust in the air’
toTTi ‘enclosure of seed-bed’
toTTi ‘cisten outside the tank bund in front of the
sluice’
toluorom ‘manure of cattle’
tenakku:li ‘daily wages’
nañce ‘wet land’
nañce pairu ‘wet crop’
naTu tiTTu ‘elevated ground at the centre of a river’
naTupa:ru ‘middle bar in a cart’
naTavupa ‘land ready for paddy transplantation’
nattam porampo:kku ‘the unassessed land of residential portion of a
village’
naLLa pu:caNi ‘a kind of pumpkin’
novatta:Ti ‘yoke’
na:TTu pacu ‘a kind of cow’
na:tta: ‘land used for raising seedlings’
na:ttu ‘seedlings’
na:ttaTi a:lu ‘seedling collectors
na:TTukkattarikka: ‘country brinjal’
ni:TTu corakka: ‘a kind of bottle-gourd’
netticcu:Ti ‘whirl hair of cattle in the fore-head’
cilikki poNNi ‘a kind of rice’
nelom ‘field’
nellu ‘paddy’
nellu tu:tturatu ‘winnowing the grain to cast dust in the air’
no:mpuratu ‘To separate stone and grains’
paccarici ‘raw rice’
pace corakka: ‘a kind of bottle-gourd’
paccepuLiya ‘unriped tamarind’
pacu ‘calf of cow’
pacu ‘cow’
paTTi ‘cattle-shed/bound’
pattremarom ‘piece of board used as a seat’
paTi ‘steps’
paTaca:lu ‘furrow in ploughing’
pataru ‘chaff, as of paddy’
pairu ‘crop’
paraNe ‘a kind of watching house’
para ‘a kind of pumpkin’
pana ‘place of palmyra tree’
panika:ttu ‘chill wind’
panika:lom ‘winter season’
panittu:re ‘fine drizzling’
pacanom ‘irrigation’
pa:tikuttuva ‘a system of tenancy in which the landlord and
the lessee divide the produce of the leased land
in equal share’
pa:tti ‘parterre’
pa:tti kaTTuratu ‘making parterre’
pa:i marom ‘winnow made of dry sedge’
pa:l kaTTratu ‘milk forming in the ear of corn’
pa:l cuNTekka: ‘a kind of jerky berry/salanum tarvum’
pikka:cu ‘pick-axe’
piñci ‘tender immature fruits’
piri uTuratu ‘rolling of twisted straw’
pila:cci ‘wooden peg’
pillu ‘grass’
pillu arikkirratu ‘picking the grass’
pillu cetukkuratu paring the grass’
pi:kka ‘ribbed gourd’
Puñce ‘dry land’
Puñce nelom ‘dry land’
Puñce pairu ‘dry crop’
puTTe ‘dung as of pigs’
Puluti kalappe ‘a kind of plough used to harrow in the rain fed
arable land’
puyal ka:ttu ‘cyclone’
puiti aNTe ‘ridge made of dry earth’
puluti aNTe ‘ridge made of dry earth’
puLu ‘boil rice’
pulu ‘boil rice’
puLi ‘tamarind’
puLicca ki:ra ‘Indian brown hemp/Hibiscus cannabinus’
puLiyom palom ‘ripened tamrind’
puLiyom payom ‘ripened tamrind’
pu: ‘flower’
pu:caNi ‘pumpkin’
pu:ca:ri nellu ‘gift – land of priest of temple’
pu:TTa: ‘rope by which a bullock is fastened to the yoke’
perampu ‘a board or drag used for leveling ploughed
land for sorring’
perampu ilukratu ‘the process of leveling ploughed land by a
board or drag for sowing’
perampu vakkiratu ‘the process of leveling ploughed land by a
board or drag for sowing’
Pokka ‘dung as of sheep’
poTala ‘winnowing, sifting’
poyal ka:ttu ‘cyclone’
porampo:kku kuTTe ‘the un assessed land of pool, small pond’
porampo:kku nelom ‘land exempt from assessment’
ponna: ‘Alternanthera sessils, a kind of greens’
ponne:ru ‘first ploughing on Tamil New year’s day’
pa:te ‘road/way’
pa:ru ‘the way through which the cattle goes during
water-lifting’
pu:mi ‘land’
poli ‘winnowing to cast dust in the air’
po:kkiyom ‘tenancy contract on mortgage’
po:sTTu kaleppe ‘plough made up of iron which is used to
harrow wet land as well as dry land’
makkune eruvu ‘decomposed manure (especially rubbish and
dry leaves)’
mate veTTuratu ‘irrigating the sluice water by opening a way in
the channel’
maNi ‘grains of paddy, ragi etc.’
maNNu taTTu ‘a kind of basket used to remove mud’
matuvu ‘sluice to let off water from a tank’
matuvu va:i ‘mouth of the sluice’
porampokku ‘the unassessed grazing land’
mamuTTi ‘spade’
mala ‘rain’
marakalappe ‘wooden plough used to harrow wet land for
paddy crop’
maraveLLi kela ‘tapioca’
maruta:mpu ‘a kind of paddy harvested in the rainy season’
mela:ru ‘dried-up stalk as of dhall plant’
maci ‘cloud’
maTTu eruvu ‘cow dung used as manure’
ma:mpiñci ‘tender immature fruit of mango’
ma:mpu: ‘flower of mango’
ma:nam pa:ttepu:mi ‘rain-fed arable land’
ma:na:vari paTTom ‘the period of crop from May to July’
ma:na:vari pairu ‘the dry crop that grows in the period of May to
July’
muttkoTTe ‘castor seed’
muLLa ‘radish’
muLLu ve:li ‘fence made of nettle’
mu:kkaNa: ‘a kind of nose string for calf after 2 years’
mu:kku kairu ‘a rope used as a connector in baling bucket’
mu:Tu pani ‘fog/mist’
mulu ‘basket made of bamboo stick’
mulu ‘winnow made of bamboo stick’
mu:Na:ñca:lu ‘fog/mist’
mu:Nu po:kattu nelom ‘third – ploughing’
me:kom ‘cloud’
me:stiri ‘supervisor’
mocca ‘a kind of beans’
morom ‘winnow’
moLappu pairu ‘the crop that is just sprouted’
more taNNi ‘the periodical irrigation of water’
mo:TTu pa ‘elevated land’
mo:TTu kali ‘roof – beam’
moTTvale ‘rafters in the roof’
motaca:lo “first ploughing’
mo:ti ‘gutter’
mo:li ‘handle part of plough’
Mo:rakairu ‘a kind of nose string used to pull calf between
1-2 years old’
ravuNTu valayom ‘iron ring round in shape’
reNTa ‘second ploughing / cross ploughing’
ro:laru ‘threshing roller’
vaTkairu ‘the rope used to draw the baling bucket’
vaNTal maN ‘alluvial soil’
vaNTi e:ruratu ‘bullock / ox used to pull cart’
vaNNan pa ‘gift–land of washer men’
varappu ‘ridge of the field’
varavarici ‘a kind of millet’
varuca kuttuve ‘yearly tenancy’
veLaccal pairu ‘the stage of half – ripened crop’
vaLLikeya ‘sweet potato’
va:ci ‘a kind of adze like instrument used as a weed
remover’
va:Te ka:ttu ‘northern wind’
vaikka: ‘branch of a channel’
va:rom ‘lease of a land for a share of the produce (the
tenant will get only 1/3 part of the produce)
vevaca:i ‘land owner / farmer’
vi:TTu eruvu ‘green manure’
veTTukkatti ‘cleaver / chopper’
veTippu pa ‘creviced land’
veNTakka: ‘lady’s finger’
veiyal ka:lom ‘summer season’
vere ‘seed’
vere po:Turatu ‘sowing by drill’
vere uTuratu ‘furrow sowing’
veLLa:me ‘Agriculture’
velacce ‘Agriculture’
ve:laiya:lu ‘person who works for the whole year by
receiving paddy or any grain as wages’
aTiorom boundary manure
avare country beans
avuttikki:re avattikki:re
arakki:re A kind of greens
ari heap of grain before the straw is
separated.
ari alluratu arialluratu
a:kke Hay rope
a:TTampulukke Sheep's exertion used man
ureurulakaTTe a cylindrical bough used in water –lift
u:rva:ri panku wet land
erukkuli storage of the taste
erumakeTa: he buffalo
eruvuaTikkiratu transporting the manure to the
land by cart
ellekkallu filed boundary stone
Traps -other verities
eru manure
erukuli manure touf
e:ttamarom a pole attacked to picottah which
supports the bucket for drawing water
e:ruga: ploughshare
ottapaTTom single row
orom mansure
oru aripTTam ‘ready to one row of harvest’
olvuma:Tu bullock/ox which is used in ploughing
kanamale heavy rain
kaTTuaTikkiratu ‘To separate baddy and hay’
kaTTukaTTuratu ‘bundling work of harvest’
kaTkucci(ag) wooden pin used to keep oxen in a yoke
katte small bundle of hay
karical maN(ag) black soil
kali maN(ag) one of kind of seedling
kaluva: (ag) clay soil
kavle e:ttom (ag) bull/ox used in water lift
kalekoTTu(ag) small iron pick with broad blade and
wooden handle
kalla:koTTe(ag) groundnut
ka:lmeNe(ag) one of kind of seedling
kalaieTu (ag) hoeing
kila:r pangu(ag) saline soil
kutarava:li(ag) kind of tares or weeds (poor mans
horse tail millet)
kuturu (ag) earthen granary
kuppe(ag) ten small bondil of seadling
kuruNai broken grain
kkuruva summer cultivation
kuruNi a grain measurement
ku:lom chaff
ku:lom tu:tturatu chaff removal
kaimeNe ‘one kind of seedling on the female work’
kede:ri femal calf
kodale a kind of cover as an umbrella used
while doing work in lied during rainy
season
tuber
kolu ploughshare
kolampaTi kolampaTi
kolle cultivating field
ke:vuru rage, a millet
ko:TTua:kkai hay rope
ko:TTu small bundle of harvest paddy hay
ko:Tamala summer rain
kaivaNTi man pulling small cart
kaTTavaNTi kind of court
cakkaravalli kelangu sweet potato
caTTakalappe plough leveler
cappa:n naTuvu single row
ca:kku gunnig bag
ca:kupaTi cultivation
ca:ttu aNTa ‘ridge supporting work’
ciruki:re kind of green
cinna va:ikka:l small ditch
ce:davakkiratu to irrigate the first time of the land
taTTikka: portition of the seedling land
taTTu leveling work
tavuTu bron[grain husk]
talakkairu tethering rope
ta:NTuvaTTi palm leaves fence
toluorom mansure of catle
to:nTikka: small ditch[used for water filter in
seedlling pont]
to:TTokm cordon
nancanelom wet land
naTavu planting
naTupa:ru middile bar in a cart
natta:nga: nursery
na:ttu seeding
na:ttumuTi seeding bundle
na:ttukaTTu bundle of seeding
neravurattu leveling
nellu paddy
nellom land
novatta:Ti Yoke
pacalakki:re kind of greens
paTTlarkalappe kind of leveling plough
pare Big size of measurement tool
paTi measurement tool
parakikka: a kind of pumpkin
pallukalppe harrow
panna small bundle of hay
pulutikalappa dry land plough
pikkacu pick-ox
puNNa:kku oil cake
perampuvai harrowing
perampupalave leveler
poNNa:ngkaNNi ki:re a kind of greans
ponael five small bundle of seedling
po:sTTukalappa kind of plough
po:raTittal to separate the hay and paddy
maNaca:ri maN sandy soil
maniya:ru the person supervise the land mainly
during harvest
marakalappe wooden plough used to harrow wet land
maruta:mpu pairu a kind of paddy after harvesting in the
summer season
mrungaki:ra the edible levels of drumstick tree
drum stick
meNe one kind of soil
me:ccal nilom grazing ground
molakki:re kind one of green
molakucci threatening pin
molappu of plants seed
vaye separation of land
varappu ridge
vekke hay
vekkettera bundle of hay
vekkeppo:ru staking hay
varappe aNaccipo:Turatu ridge supporting work
varappukalikiratu ridge clining work
va:ikka:l irrigation ditch
vere seed
veranellu seed paddy
vereka:lu seedling plant
ARCH STRUCTURE
aNNapacci -
aNilkuuTu -
alunku -
abayakasTam - Top of Temple Towers
asTpaanam
aTkkuratu - Work stop on particular level
arevaTTom -
aabaranam - Ornament
aataarapiTam
iruppucaTTi -
elutuom - To produce by art, to sculpture as an
image
upayappiiTam - gift to a temple or a moans
uttiram - Crossbeam
oTTiyaaNam - Gold or silver girdle – like ornament
kambu - Conch-shell
kamalam - lotus
kaNTam - Vermilion
kapootam - Molding masonry
kaNNaaTi caTTam - Mirror frame
kalacam - Pot like structure on the top of temple
towers
kalkaaraa - Stone building
kavunta patmam -
kaalburaa - Foundation of the Temple
karukku(polivu) - freshness
keda -
ko:sTom -
kooTipuutam -
koopuram taanki - Figure at the top of a tower seeming to
support it
kuuTu - Dome cupola
cigaamani - Crest jewel
cuulom - Trident
taamam -
tiruvaacci - ornamented arch fitted behind the
pedestal of an idol
mangaa - Testicle of quadrupeds
magaapatmam - Temple of 176 towers and 22 story’s
maaTom -
moonjuruvakanam - shrew mouse
muTTu - supporting leg
naavaTaikal - place near a well where the baling
bucket is emptied
naacittalai - figured head on the walls of a temple or
upper part of a tower
nelom - upper way
niiraali maNTabam - a small tower – like structure in the
middle of a river or tank
varakasTam - Boon grated by gods
vaacakkaal - Door frame
veetiyal - place of worship (or)marriage dais
patmam
pancaram - A portion of the inner sanctuary in a
temple
paNTiyal - A kind of molding (or) cornice
paTTi - Cattle pound
paTci - bird winged creature
palipiiTam - (sacrificial) altar
pootiyal -
piiTam - dais: rostrum: altar
pirasa -
piramapantali - Temple Tower way
tuvaarapaalakar - security of Temple
ARCH STRUCTURE
almaari - self
aTikkal naaTTratu -
arakkallu - hoof brick
aTakkuratu - work stop on the one level
iruppucaTTi - Mattel pot
karana -
kampikarana -
kampippaare - thin crowbar
kampiooTTratu - design work
kappooTu - rake
kaippaare - small crowbar
kaTTuveela - construction of building
kaalam - pillar upright stand
kenTikkallu - one third piece of brick
nayisvakkiratu - Polish work
kottupattu eTukkuratu - Design work
kooTimaTTam - corner leveler
roof biimu - large straight piece of timber supporting
the rafters of building
biimu - large straight piece of timber supporting
the rafters of building
paaskar - small leveler
puucciveela - Coating :Plastering: Smearing
pirs - Prose
maTTakkool - level stick
potavaTe - one kind of excavation
pelTTu -
valacca kaampu - kind of trowel
periya vaTTam - Big trowel
saarom - work supporter
senTrink vela -
cinna vaTTam - small trowel
cinna maTTpalava - small leveler
manavaaca kaTTa - Finishing work leveler
manavaca pannuratu - wall finishing work
mamuTTi - hoe with a short hand spade
` maniyaacikaTTe - Finishing work leveler
mogam poonkkallu - damage brick
muTTu - support leg
tanakkucci - measuring stick
tarailukkuratu - flouring work
tarapooturatu - Flouring work
timucu kaTTa - heavy wooden block with long handle
used as a rammer
toTTi -
tookku kuNTu - Plumb line
Teepper - Taper
Teeppu - Tape
Tiippulevel - leveler
lenTal maTTam - Lentil level
lapt - leapt
racamaTTam - leveler
paaNTu - kind of pot
pare - crowbar
bees maTTam - bass level
GOLDSMITH
arapoTTi -
aaciT - acid
irumpu paTTarai -
maNNeNavelakku -
catura aram -
cangili - chain
cittiyal - hammer
caamanam - Tweezers
kalar kaTTuratu - coating
kampicaTTam -
kaattu poTTi
koTi veTTi -
kaambacu -
koraTu -
kuruTTukkaatu tooTu -
cavukka kari -
tangam karaikkiratu -
maNNavelakku -
maaTTil -
muukku koraTu -
muukkutti -
neruppu ooTu -
Timmi acci -
tongal -
tooTu -
valayampooTTa koraTu -
vaalpuTi -
vekkirooTal -
veenkaara pavuTar -
velakku utukalam -
paTi acci -
paanji -
paataracam -
periya acci - kind of day
piingaan kooppe - pingan
pokkura pare - alum yam bar
puuntikkoTTe -
puliyakkarutu -
OCCUPATIONAL TERMS FOR CARPENTARY
aru to cut
ala to measure
appukaTTe
a:ppe ladle (wooden)
a:ippu wedge
a:yakka:lu weight lifter
a:Ni nail
i:cicceru easy chair
iruccikkaTTe block of wood resting on the axle and the
bearing the chassis of cart.
ela to level
ette water-irrigator (country made)
oTi to break
o:rakku:Tu edge-leveler
kaTTelappuli leveler-‘rough woods’
kavurucutti hammer-railing-un nailing
kaTTeuli chisel-rough woods
kaTTlu coir-cot
kalappe plough
mo:li handle port of plough
kaTTavaNTi bullock-cart
kattiriko:lu scissors
skuru score
ka:mpo:cu compass
ka:Tielappuli leveler – frames
ki:lpaTTe pad lock
kutaravaNati horse-cart
ku:NTuvaNTi covered cart
koTTa:puli stabbing-weighty wood
koTTu remove the weighty sides
kolavu design work
koluvaram a file-used for filing the iron holes
kolavakku:Tu pit digging chisel
koraTa: cutting player
caram tile supporter
cakkaram wheel
sittuli small-chisel
si:vu to shave off
cutti hammer
celpu shelf
cekku oil-grinder
cettu to remove
cetukku to pare-off
te:ppu tape
te:pulu table
taTTu remove the branches
taTTelappu
tari small-axe
truppuli nail-screwer
tacci carpenter
tai to join reapers with nails
toTTlu cradle
torappanam driller (small hole)
to:ni boat
naTavaNTi child-cart
nrukku to cut into pieces
ko:Tima:ruratu corner work
narka:li chair
nata:nki circled-lock hook
nempuvai to stitch the frames
nempu both tips sharpened-nail
palava wooden board
pa:lmattu milk-churning-rod
pre:mu frame
pi:ro bureau
puTiccira:vi steady-keeper
pu:TTu to prepare finally a bullock cart
pensilu pencil
periyava:lu big-saw
penji bench
po:lTTu bolt
maTTakkuTu leveler to surface
manapalava plank for sitting
mattu churning rod
mamuaTTi pick axe
maTTapalava measurer to surface
ma:vilataNTiyam hanger for mango leaf wreath
muppaTTaram three sided-file
mukka:li three legged chair
muTTukkaTTa pillar-caram-supporter
muri to cut into more than two pieces
mu:lamaTTam corner-measurer
me:ca table with drawer
vaTitaTTu rice filter
varuvukaTTa line-drawer (on the woods)
varuvu to cut the tin-sheet
va:Lu saw
va:cci leveling instrument
venTilatoru door frame vinto
velakkam saw teeth mender
acci axle
accikaTTa axle frame
acca:Ni axle pin of a wheel
angulam inch
aTappupalava boards inserted in place of a door
aTioli to use as a wedge
aNappucakka small wooden peg
aram file
aruva: different types of sickle
alavukko:l measuring rod
ariga door frame
alama:ri cupboard (usually) with doors almirah
aruvamaNa a kitchen gad yet with a curved iron
blade to a base and used for cutting
vegetable
a:kkar auger, center bit, tool for boring
a:Ni nail (kind of pin)
elakkiramisin polish machine
ecappu Connections
e:Ni ladder
jaiTi alavakko:l wooden frame measuring rod
uNTi hook for yoke
utturam roof supporters
oral wooden grander
uruTTu aram to fail the iron holes
olkka pestle
kaTTauli to do rough work's
kaTakucci pin of yoke
kaTTavaNTi Single bullock Cart
kaTTingmisin Cutting Machine
kaTTu Tire of a wheel
kaT Shaping wood (on a lathe)
kaTakucci pin of yoke
kaTaya:Ni axle pin
ka:lu Lower part of the wheel
ka:Tielappuli Groove Polisher
ka:Tieappu Groove Polish
katavu door
kairu rope (made of jute) thick cord; coir
arattai bullock cart (drawn by a single ox
kiLa:mbu (kiTTi) Clamp
ki:lmola pivot on which a hinge turns
ki:ttuli Kind of small chisel
ki:lpaTi bottom step of door frame
ki:lpaTTa hinge
kaivaNTi hand cart
kaiva:lu Handsaw
kuttu:ci A Picker bradawl
kuttukka:l spokes[Upright stand of a frame]
ku:NTuvaNTi [bullock) Cart with a Covered top
kotom nave[hop of a wheel]
kottututal removing the weighty branch
koranguta:lppa: :kind of latch
kolavu aram to sharp big saw
ke:jikaTTa Kind of scale(use in timber deppho
only),measuring rod
ske:lu scale
kokki hook
ko:Ta:li axe(wood cutter's)
ko:TimaTTam carvel, bend level
ko:Ticuttu Kind of finishing work
ke:NippaTTare small cart
caTTam weighty wood frame
cava:ripiLacci ride of the bullock cart driver seat
caravu bark (of a tree)
cannalu window
ca:ttai whip(used mostly by cart drivers)
ca:ttu palm reaper
ca:ram tile supporters
cittuuli to put small holes
ci:vutal tapping of the curves
ceruva:uli A Kind of Carpenter Small chisel
cekku Oil press
cekkuolakke Pestle of oil press
cettutal peeling
caiTupalava pulleg
Tepulmisin Table Machine
Trelimisin Truly Machine
Curuva:uli designing work chisel
tacculi Carpenter Chisel
taTTelappuli Shape Polisher
taTTu ela Shape work
taTTu beat in order to give shape
taNTiyam pillar supporter
taNTiyakaTTa roof supporter
talata:lppa: talata:lppa:
talakairu threatening rope
ta:rukucci Tin
ta:rupa:I tarpaulin
tiTTiva:cal wicket gate (in the door of a
temple or fort)
timucukaTTa heavy wooden block with a long
handle used as rammer
teranaelappu kind of polisher
taittal to joining the reaper with rails
toivu looseness
torappaNam driller small hole
to:Ni big boat
tumuru mount
tu:Nu pillar
nahauli kind of chisel
naTavaNTi wooden frame with three wheels
(which a child pushes along to
support itself while Learning to walk)
narukku to cut (wooden parts into small pieces)
naTupaTi mite step of door frame
na:ha:ntam door frame discienwork
na:ta:nki circled hook
na:rkka:li chair
novatta:Ti Yoke
nu:lalavu spin measurement
paTTa aram a kind of flat file
parnalelappu a kind of polisher
pa:Tla:kku padlock
patta:yam Large wooden receptacle for storing
grains esp. paddy
pa:ravaNTi bullock Cart
pa:ru center frame of the bullock cart
pre:mu frame
pu:TTa:ngairu rope (to fasten the bullock to the yoke
with a knot at one end a matching
nonsked the other
peraTTal deiced
maNapplava bank for sitting
maTTappalava mason's smoothing rule
maTTakku:Tu to ascertain the evenness or level of a
surface by line or rule
mattu wooden stick with a hemispherical
bottom to mash (cooked green as
with a bottom having grooves to
collect butter
ma:valataNTiyam hangar for mango leaf pillar supporter
mukka:li chair three leg
muTTukaTTa post used as a proppiece of
wood for blocking
muppaTTa aram one kind of file
muriva:lu cutting saw
mu:kkane driver's seat in front of the
bullock cart
mu:kkaNa:ngairu rope or string drawn through
the pride of the nose of a bullock
(of a bridle)
mu:lamaTTam corner checker
mo:tupalava land level
me:ppaTi upper step of door frame
maiyappaTi mite step of door frame
varikkairu safety rope
va:cama:cakka va:sama:cakka
villuvaNTi bullock Cart with a spring in the axle
leppam kind of paste
vaTTe wooden rim of the wheel
ri:pparu reaper
re:kla:vaNTi (re:svaNTi) small, slim built, fast moving cart
with one seat Drawn by a
horse or bullock
la:Tam Shoe(horse & bullock)
aNNal annal
ecappu Connections
o:ravalakkali safety stick of roof(bamboo)
kaNuvu node
kairu rope (made of jute) thick cord; coir
ka:TiveTTu shape work
kiTTi brace
kittu plaited coconut leaf (used for roofing)
carakkali carakkali
ca:ttu Rafter (for tiles roof)
caiTu u:nal support league
taNTiyakkaTTa Rafte supporter in the house
taRimaram taRimaram
tavvu
ana:Ne na:na
paTTamaram paTTaraimaram
pattu pattu
vaTumpu vaTumpu
viTTam cross beam (of a house)
villukali stick of joint supporting inner roof
kuttukka:l Upright post of a bamboo
paNana:ru fibre of palmyra
paraNe parane
pirimana ring-shaped pad of twisted hay
pri twisted hay
ponaiyeki:ttu joint plaited coconut leaf (used for top
of the roof)
marama:Ti sloping roof
muTTu supporting leg
mo:TTukali stick of inner roof
mo:TTukucci roof plated safety stick
mo:TTuvaLai ridge of roof
vaTTuva:ri vaTTuva:ri
velal velal
vakekatte hay bundle
pa:la spate of coconut
kuttu:ci bamboo or metal pin
mo:Tu ridge of the roof
ca:ttu rafter (for tiles roof)
caram tile supporter
pattu roof suppoter
taNTiyam roof supporter
piLa:cci bamboo split
na:TTuo:Tu tile (for roofing)
si:mao:tu western tile (for roofing)
COPULAR TERMS
ara pakkils : off backlist
aailkurom : cum
aacaapaTTnu : assay batten
aa : one kind of Andhra module work
cilukku uli : kind of chisel
katti : naïf
meTTu uli
meTTi
irumbulaas :
colican : cum
kaanpuur latar : counpoor later
iirooTu apper
meelappooTutal :
aasaariviTTaani
mo:TTa: miritmetion
rekcin : rekcein
riviTTaani : kind of head nail
piiTing oTTuratu : baeding
velle : weight
paal colican : milk glue
paalis : polis
kooTsu maaTal : one kind of design
kaTTing pilayar : cutting player
la:Ta koraTu : one kind of cutting player
Ta:ks a:Ni
mukka:l Ta:ks a:Ni :
mukka:l u:ci a:Ni :
le:s va:r :
me:lva:r :
mo:taram : ring
meniapper : kind of later
varuvutal : To mark
layaning to:l : loaning later
pu:cci ma:Tal :
nu:l kaNTu
ponji
nampar ponji
meTTu ponji
kattirikko:l
narampu
latar porTu
co:ru
iTTli paca
tenmeluku
nettiva:r
talakaTTu
kova:Tis ma:Tal
ka:ti ma:Tal
X paTTi ma:Tal
eTTupinal va:rma:Tal
ceruppu :
V ma:Tal
rambam : file
ca:ne :
purus : pros
panji : panging machine
pinki koraTu : kind of cutting player
jippu rannar :
Te:ppu : measurement tape
paTTa :
rinku : ring
III. Borrowing:
Language contact is considered by some anthropologist as one
aspect of cultural contact. A language interferences as a facet of cultural
definition and acculturation. Cultural is borrowing inclusion of new
element or elements from another culture, but the elimination of certain
previously existing elements and the modification and reorganization of
the others may also happen. Therefore sporadic lexical borrowing is to be
expected in languages.
Lexical definition
Lexical interferences has been particularly well studied among
genetically or culturally related language. The borrowed words from other
Dravidian languages can be grouped as of two types viz.
1, borrowed words used as such.
2, borrowed words used with little semantic variation
I, borrowed words used as such
Kaar - a plough share
kuppe - the husk of grains such as rage, maize etc.
Kuulom -
baaTTe - that means one way road
mappu _ cloud, dark raining cloud
mooTTaa - thickness paddy
II, borrowed words used with little semantic deviation
Some borrowed words are occasionally differ from their original
meaning also.
Word original meaning sense used dialect
Uppusom (< uppasam) a branchital enlargement
Disease of stomach
his cattle
gedde ridge of the field ridge of the field only in
The noun burl and not in the functional weld
samsaari married who
Settled in life land owner
Transfer of these words and semantic extension due to contact are
common in this dialect.
OCCUPATIONAL TERMS FOR POTTERY
aTikkalam ‘bottom of a wet vessel’
aTikkalam aTikkira palave ‘a kind of wooden plank’
ahalacaTTi ‘wide mouthed vessel’
akulu ‘small hallowed earthen lamp’
aiyana:rucela statue of Lord Ayyanar
arikkañcatti large mouthed shallow vessel
aTieRappu to cut the vessel from wheel
a:naikka:kuvalae kind of pot (used for raice storage)
iTlippa:na vessel to cook rice cakes
iTumpakkal stone which the wheel rotates
uruNTe ‘globe shaped vessels’
umi ‘husk’
u:ci ‘needle to cut the wet vessel’
eNNacaTTi ‘a kind of stone to make flying pan
erumuTTa ra:TTi ‘dried cow-dung cake
eNacci ‘to be joined’
elutu ‘to paint’
e:ntal ‘to curve’
orappañcaTTi ‘vessel to mix the medicine for children
olakku ‘small size playing pot of children
o:TTe ‘broken vessels
kañcikaTRa: 'small cup to cook rice cakes'
kaTukka: ‘ink-nut
kaNNuTTeppa:ne ‘pot has black colour in some places of
the surface’
karuñcuulappa:ne ‘black coloured pot
kalayam ‘a type of small pot
kalave ‘mixture of clay with soil
kalakallu ‘a stone to make small pot
kallucu:le ‘furnace made up of bricks
kavara:cikaTTe ‘a bamboo strips to make pots
kaLimaNNu ‘clay’
kalavaTe ‘circular piece of earth for resting water
vessel’
karicaTTi ‘vessel to cook vegetables’
ka:lu ‘the stand of the flower pot’
kiNNom 'part of a receptacle for grain'
ki:rakaTairacaTTi 'vessel to mash pot-herbs to pulp'
kuNTa:n ‘little granary’
kuNTa:nkallu ‘a stone to make wide mouthed vessel’
kuNTa:ñcaTTi ‘vessel with wide mouth’
kuturacela ‘statue of horse’
kutumpal ‘beaten wet vessels’
kuturu ‘earthen receptacle for grains’
kuruNippa:ne ‘a pot which holds a measure’
ku:Te ‘a rattan basket’
ku:ca: ‘a goblet type flower vase’
kuunu ‘small size granary’
kele aTuppu 'branch oven'
koppare ‘cover like vessel used in marriage
ceremony’
koTi aTuppu ‘joint oven’
kota kallu ‘a stone to make water pot’
koTa kallu ‘a stone grinder’
koTa velakku ‘a pot with a lamp inside’
koTom 'small pot for drawing water'
kottu ‘two or three cup like vessels joined to
serve dishes’
kontu ‘to peck’
kontu ko:l ‘foot for pecking’
kontu caTTi ‘vessel pecked inside’
ko:tu ‘to disentangle the mixture of soil with
fingers’
ko:ne toTTi ‘oval shaped tub’
ko:li ku:NTu ‘hen-coop’
cinna palla: ‘small shallow bowl’
caTTi kallu ‘a stone used to make wide mouthed
vessels’
cavukku cette ‘dried leaves of casuarinas tree’
ca:Nakku ‘earthen plate’
caNataTTu ‘earthen plate to close the vessels’
ca:yam ‘dye, hue in pot’
ca:lungkaravom ‘the vessels used in a marriage ceremony’
curuTTu ‘to roll up’
cekappu ‘red [colour]’
cela ‘statue’
cemmaNNu ‘red soil’
ceppu koTom ‘small size pot to draw water’
ceppu to:NTikallu ‘a stone used to make small size water
pots’
ce:ru ‘mud’
cota ve:le ‘lime mortar icon work’
coruvu palava ‘a wooden plank to close the way of hen-
coop’
co:toTTi ‘show vase’
jenata:priji ‘vessel to keep vegetables’
jeNata: pa:ne ‘vessel to save vegetables’
taTTu ‘plate made up of clay’
taTTukkalom ‘red colour coated vessel’
taTTuk kale palave 'a kind of wooden plank'
taTTuk kallu 'a stone used to give shapes to the
vessels'
taTTup palave 'a wooden plank to shape the vessel'
taNNi ci:le 'damp cloth'
taNNi ci:lakkaTTu 'wooden plank with damp cloth'
tare ci:le 'a kind of furnace made up of clay'
tale caTTi 'big size pot'
tavarip poratu 'damaged vessels'
tavuTTu aTuppu 'wooden powder or husk oven'
talukkurap palave 'beating wooden plank'
timmikaTTi ‘a claymound on which the wheel
rotates’
tiruve ‘potter’s wheel’
tiruvak kali ‘bamboo stick used to rotate the wheel’
tiruva mole ‘the axle of the wheel’
ti:ni toTTi ‘cattle food-tub’
ti:ttu ‘to cleanse’
toTTi aTuppu 'fire wood oven'
tompe 'high basket for storing grains'
tolu ‘to shape vessel with finger’
to:NTi 'small pot for drawing water'
to:NTik kallu 'a stone used to make small water pots'
Te:pil va:s 'table vas'
narsari ba:r ‘nursery pot’
neravu ‘leveled the shape of the vessel’
pacca ‘green [colour]’
pacca ca:ma:n ‘wet vessel’
palve ‘wooden plate of the wheel’
panampu: ‘flower of Palmyra tree’
patom ‘the prepared stage’
pa:tom ‘bottom of the flower pot’
pa:laTuppu ‘fire-wood oven’
pa:like ‘pots with earth, in which seeds are
sprouting’
pa:nek kallu ‘a stone used to make pots’
pa:licu ‘to polish’
pi: ‘shallow earthen plate’
po:ntoTTi ‘flower pot’
poNTuve ‘women’
penayaNum ‘to rub (or) mix with thumb or fingers’
porikka ‘fish frying pan’
ponca:i ‘a kind of flower pot’
po:ya: ‘a kind of water pot with a tap’
mancal ‘yellow [colour]’
maTakku ‘an earthen plate’
maTakku kallu ‘a stone used to make earthern plates’
maNalu ‘soil’
maNNeTuppu ‘earthern oven’
ma:TTu toTTi ‘water-trough for cattle’
ma:vuca:ta mo:Ti ‘a cover of a pap-pot’
mulunkil tonkun toTTi ‘bamboo shaped hanging vase’
mo:Nu taTTu ‘number of strokes to make vessel’
miri ‘to treat under foot’
moTTava:s ‘blunt vase’
motta ‘quantity of clay’
monta ‘small vessel for pour milk’
moluncaTTi ‘undesigned earthen vessel’
ra:TTI ‘dried cow-dung cake’
vakke ‘paddy straw’
vaTitaTTu ‘perforated cover’
vi:rancela statue of Lord veeran’
veravu ‘five-wood’
ve:va:ri ‘pots, which are not fully burnt’
lpparu ‘rubber’
ya:Ne cela ‘statue of elephant’
aNNeveTTi to serve cooked rice
aNNakku:Ta largemouthed shollow to for cleaning
rice
aNNakuNTa:n one kind of large vessel
aNTa: Large vessel cauldron
akulu small shallow lamp(made of fired clay)
a:naikka:l kallu large tube fixed on the walls or roots
for rain water to pass through
a:TacaTTi vessel of cream scum
aappai
arikncaTTi dial vary (large mouthed shallow pot for
Cleaning rice)
arikkum caTTi large mouthed shallow pot for
aruva:poTTi basked of palm leaf fastened to the waist
of Climbers of pal trees
a:naikka:l Large tube
araca:Nippa:ne large painted earthen pots placed one
above another on the marriage platform
and often containing bits of gold in water
or grain
iTTalipane brass vessel into which the placed for
making steam cakes
iTTalitaTTu perforated brass plate (with or without
depressions, Inserted into the forming
the receptacle for the dough used in
making rice-cakes)
i:macaTanku caTTi Funeral rites of earthenware pan
umiaTuppu Husk stove
uNTiyal untiyal
urippa:ne pot of a conical network rope
uppiri
uppucaTTi Slate jade
urunTe Roll (in the shape of sphere)
eNNecaTTi a small pot of earthen ware pan
ettucatti
elutuko:l painters brush pencil (writing reed)
elutuo:m design work
e:ntacatti fire pot
olakku small earthen pan
olakkukatte
otta aTuppu one way stove
oTacal collog(careked and broken utensits
o:TTa hole
kanjikaTra:
kaTTuppana Float or raft, constructed on inverted pots
kalevaTa plaited coil, used for resting water
vessels
kalacam censer (pot-like structure on the top of
temple towers.)
kavara:ci kaTTe
kallukalaym
kalava:Tai o:Tu
kollucaTTi pot containing live coal burning sticks
carried to the cremation ground for
lighting the funeral pyre
kulicaTTi Earthen pan with hollow cavities
kuturu earthen granaries
kuppi kaTTi
kumpakalacam The pot of water used on ceremonial
occasions
kuNTucaTTi small round bottomed vessel
kutumurapalavakaTTe
kutaracela
kuTuva (Mud) vessel with round bottom and
long neck
kunta:Ni Larger stone mortar
kunta:n
kuruvamannu
ku:lam grains especially of 18 kinds vize
ku:lamannu
komuTTi aTuppu one kind of oven
kuTi aTuppu an oven with a connected smaller oven
on its side
kombu accu
kontal(varivaTivam) picking nibbling
kollikoTam death ceremonial pot
ca:kku gung bag
ca:mpal gauze
ca:lu large size of pot(used in rice or
Paddy storage)
Ca:lunkoTom marriage ceremonial pot
curuTTucukka:n Cigar rudder
cuTTathu Bunted
coppukoTam
coppca:ma:n Small size playing pot of children
nellutavale tapering bottom of paddy pot
tavalappa:na
tanni:ca:Ti
tannikalavaTe
taTTu plate
taTTu kkaTTe wooden piece
taTTuci:le Taching cloth
tavuTTutoTTi 'cattle food-tub'
thiruva 'potter's wheel'
tiruvakkali 'bamboo stick used to rotate the wheel'
tiruvakku:ru 'the axle pin of the wheel'
tiruvamole 'the axle of the wheel'
tompa a huge earthen basket
toTTippulla
toTTici:le taching cloth
to:cakkallu Griddle for making
to:NTi 'small mouth pot for drawing water'
tu:vakka:l
tu:vaNekoTom sprey potte
nellu ora
nellutavale 'tapering bottom of paddy pot'
manga:ni
kotakkallu
neruppucaTTi
pacce unboild
pa:li
pa:laTa 'Feeding cup'
pirumane 'Rring shaped pad of twisted hay'
puruvancaTTi
puliyamverom 'kind of measurement'
Pu:ttoTTi plower pot
poTimanal
potava:nakkola:
pommave:la
maTakku water mage
maNkuturu earthen granary
matamatakka:nca:lu
malla one kind of plate
ma:vukunTa:n plover pot
marataTTu kaTTa
monta small size pot used in Palmyra milk
moTakka:ncaTTi
molukkankaTTa
minkaTTu (kavara:cikkaTTe)
mi:ntoTTi fish pot
muTiya:tti caTTi heair draiyer
muRippa:ne one kind of pot
ra:TTi traie
reTTa aTuppu Two way stove
roTTitta:la:
vaTitaTTu a shallow earthen plate with perforation
used as strainer;
verakaTuppu Fire wood stove
veva:rippa:ne Unburnted
OCCUPATIONAL TERMS FORWEAVING
acci Weavers Loom
acci ponayaratu ‘connecting the warp’
acci ‘Weaver’s reed’
accikaTTe ‘weaver's read (folding of cloth in dying
where by the desired figure is printed
alakku pullu ‘A kind of wooden brush (used to spread
alavu ‘Weaver’s stay or staff to adjust a warp’
aLavu alattal ‘Adjust a warp by inserting’
alli puTittal ‘Arranging the warp’
aNTe kaTTutal ‘Changing the edges of reed’
aTimaram ‘Bottom of the loom’
a:le koTTa: ‘Mill shed’
a:le ‘Mill’
a:le ‘Rotator’
ca:ya paTTare ‘the place where yarn dyed’
ca:yam po:Tutal ‘adding the colour’
ce:lemaTippukko:l ce:lemaTippukko:l
ce:Tu kairu ‘the thread [rope] which connects the’
ce:Tu kali ‘the stick which helps to hold the woven
material stiff’
ce:Tu pitungal ‘border of the woven cloth which is
damaged when and woven clothes are
joined’
ce:Tu ‘border of the woven cloth’
ceTTil ceTTil
ci:r kairu kucci ‘small palm stick which is used to
connect the rope heddles and’
ci:r kairu ‘the rope fastened
ci:r me:maram ‘top of the loom’
ci:rpu:TTurapalava ‘uniformity of doused board’
ci:ru ‘stream of single colures threads’
ci:ruNTe urule ‘the beam which helps to pull the
heddles up’
ci:rvaNTi ‘one kind of Weavers Instrument’
cikkal ‘sticking two or more threads in yarn’
ciluppe ‘a small bundle of yarn having 720
meters’
cimpu ‘bamboo splits’
co:Ttale core ‘insertion big bobbin’
co:Ttale ‘bobbin bigger one’
colaTTi ‘the rod which helps to revolve the web
beam round the woven cloth’
coma:cikkal ‘stone which is hung in front of min
taNTu’
ela va:ngi ‘Thread hook’
ela ‘A thread’
elamaTTutal ‘Sticking two or more threads in warp’
etir kuri ‘A mark appearing in between weavers
heddle and woven cloth’
ilpa:ni ‘Crow bar’
iluppuc caTTom ‘Pulling frame (for used weaving)’
jarukapa:vu ci:rvaNTi ‘jarugaipa:vu ci:rvanti’
ka:kuLi ‘Weaver’s loom pit’
ka:lmiti ‘treadle’
ka:rika nu:lu ‘Uncleaned yarn’
kaccattu ‘Small size of note book’
kai kuNTu ‘heavy ball like a reaper’
kai toTTi ‘dyeing tub made of timber’
kai urule ka:lu ‘hand roller supporter’
kai urule ‘hand roller’
kaili ‘sarrong’
kaittariceTTil ‘kaittariceTTil’
kaittarina:Ta: ‘handloom rope’
kambam ‘Pillar like black and white design in’
kambam ‘The needle in the shuttle’
kambattu kuri ‘Mark denoting the pillar like design in’
kangu kairu ‘the rope which connects cunku and
loom’
kangu ‘handle which helps to drive the shuttle’
kanni ‘Bundle of cleaned yarn’
kaNTu kaTTe ‘Bobbin wood’
karaNakko:l karanakko:l
kaTTe:ri ‘Two colures alternating in yarn’
kaTTil ‘Supporter of weavers Treadle’
keTangu ‘store’
ko:rvai ‘sari woven with contrasting color’
kola ‘end of the warp which is non-strached’
korangu caTTam ‘cross reeper’
kulige ‘A couple of thread’
kuri ‘Mark’
kutare ‘Bambook stick stand having four legs’
kuttukka:lu ‘The wooden planks erected upward
from the boxes’
kuturamarom ‘wooden frame shaped like the letter 'X'
and fixed the ground to support the
warp stretched out
la:TukaLi ‘Bamboo stick used for squeezing the tarn’
laTi ‘A bundle of yarn having 7200 meters’
ma:ra:ppu kkavuru ‘The rope connecting handle and loom’
ma:tulamarom ‘The main leak of poem grnate tree’
maTi ‘Two sarrongs’
maTippukko:l Crease stick
maTiyakko:l Folding stick
me:marom ‘Top of the loom’
meRi kaTTe kampi ‘A kind iron rod to connect the treadle’
min taNTu ka:lu ‘supporter’
mintaNTu ‘Cane in front of loom’
miRi kaTTe ‘Treadle of weaver’s loom’
miRippalave ‘mirippalave’
mo:lemaTTom ‘Cone shaped instruments which is used
to see a level of weaving loom’
na:Ta: ‘Weaver’s shuttle’
na:Ta:mote ‘Shuttle situated in this place’
necavu ‘Quality of the cloth’
nu:lkaNTuta:r reel (weavers bobbin)
o:le ‘Palm leaf’
ra:Tnom ‘Spinning wheel’
pa:cci kampi ‘Thin iron rod’
Pa:r marom ‘Cross shaped wood stump’
pa:ra ‘crowbar’
pa:va ‘Warp’
pa:vu urule beam (in which the warp is kept)
Pa:vu urule ‘Warp roller’
pa:vuma:TTurkko:l ‘warp stick’
pa:ya:Ti 'In warp yarn when twisted into lower
and higher the colours are different.
Similarly yarn will be different
alternates.'
paca ‘Paste’
pal cakkarom ‘Tooth wheel’
pal caTTom ‘Reeper with rails’
pal kokki ‘Tooth hook’ both of them used hand
roller
paNaikko:l panaikko:l
paNNe panna
paNNe ‘Weaver’s reed and heddles'
paNtakka:lu ‘Loom supporter’
paste on yarn)’
paTakka:ran weaver
paTe maram ‘Wet beam (wooden revolving bar) in
which the woven cloth is wound’
paTemarattukka:lu ‘paTe maram supporter’
pattaikko:l battaikko:l
paTTam paTTam
paTTukkaTTam designs
paTTukkaTTe paTTukaTTai
paTvamaram ‘Weavers beam (cloth roller in a loom)’
pe:lu ‘Bundle’
pe:TTumaNiviluvaTi pe:TTumaniviluvaTi
peNTu po:Tutal ‘Dividing the warp into small section by
fixing pent'
peNTu porukkutal ‘Picking and arranging’
peNTu ‘Reaper with nails’
peñtukko:l ) pentukko:l
perunkaTTe:ri ‘The yarn having two colours alternately
with long intervals’
peTTuppeTTi ‘Pattern or design woven with extra’
Pi:cu kuri ‘The mark denoting four sarongs’
Pi:cu urule ‘Web beam’
Pi:cu ‘A piece of cloth having four sarongs’
Pillu ‘Weaver’s brush’
poTTi palave ‘Fixed box in the two sides of loom’
puLicca ‘A kind of brush made of waste thread’
Pulla:r kaTTe ‘Wooden blockage’
Pulli aTikkira kampi ‘Iron thin rod which is used to prepare
puLLi kaTTe:ri yarn’
Pulli kaTTe ‘A kind of wooden instrument’
puLLikakaTTe:ri ‘The yarn having two colours alternately
with short intervals’
Puni ‘Twisting’
Puni kaTTuratu ‘Two or more threads sticking the warp
before weaving’
puTTa: ‘hower designs in chute’
puTTa:kkucci ‘Polka dots stick’
puTTa:vaTi ‘puTTa:vaTi’
ra:TTiNam ‘spinning wheel’
ta:mpu ‘Bambook stick standing with cour legs’
ta:r kucci ‘Bobbin stick’
ta:r u:ci ‘Bobbin needle’
ta:ru ‘Bobbin’
ta:RukaNTu ‘weavers shuttle’
ta:Rukucci ‘pin inside the shuttle’
tale caTTam ‘leaver’
tale ‘a bundle of yarn having 7200 meters’
taLLu kaili ‘second class sarong’
taNTe ‘A rope made of waste threads put to the
end of warp roller.
tari koTTe ‘weaving shed’
tari ‘weaver’s loom’
taTTe ‘Pin’
taTTekko:l ‘taTTekko:l’
te:r iluttal ‘arranging the kaTTe:ri warp in order’
tettal ‘The unwoven part in the woven cloth’
tiruvaTTam ‘tiruvaTTam’
tovaccal ‘The unstiff portion in warp’
trikkaiRu ‘Loom rope’
tRikko:l ‘Loom leak’
tukka pa:vu ‘Waste thread’
tuNTu pa:vu ‘The mark denoting one Sarrong’
tuNTu ‘one Sarrong'
u:kku ‘Point of the shuttle’
u:Nimarom ‘u:nimaram’
u:Tupa:vu ‘the middle thatwhich comes between’
u:Tute kairu ‘The rope attached warp roller.
u:Tute kali ‘rod used to tightenwarp threads’
u:Tute pu:TTu ‘The rope connecting
u:Tute ‘Bamboo stand with two legs’
uNTe nu:lu ‘Shuttle thread’
urule ‘roller’
urule ka:lu A rope made of waste threads put to the
end of
urule kairu ‘The rope fastened to roller’
va:TTu poTutal ‘To weave’
vattekare ‘After cutting the sarong the last part of
the warp situated in web beam’
veca mLLu ‘Brass pin’
villu ‘Part of the shuttle’
viLutu ‘Weaver’s heddles’
vilutukkaiRu thread of linen wound on the two beams,
visaikali weaver's instrument
which the slay moves up and down
