mgt basics

7/28/2019 Mgt Basics

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Management

Science, Theory andPractice


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Definition of management

---Management is the process of designing and maintaining anenvironment in which individuals, working together in groups,successfully accomplish selected goals.

By expanding this definition. As managers, people carry out the managerial functions ofplanning, organizing, staffing, leading and controlling.

Management applies to any kind of organization.

It applies to all managers at all levels.

The aim of all managers is the same to create asurplus(profit).

Managing is concerned with productivity .


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Pillars of Management

Planning

ManagementFUNhrhhCTIONS

Controlling

leadingStaffing

Organizing


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LEVELS OF MANAGERS TOP LEVEL MANAGERS:

They are responsible for making organization-widedecisions and establishing the goals that effect the entire

organization.

MIDDLE LEVEL MANAGERS:

They manage the work of first line managers / supervisors.

FIRST LINE MANAGER:

They manage the work of non managerial

employees.


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Managerial skills

and the organizational hierarchy---Managerial skills differs at various levels inthe organization. These skills can be categorize

into.

Technical skills: Are of greatest importance atsupervisory level.

Human skills: Are helpful in frequent interactions with

others. Conceptual skills: the ability to think and

create new things new ideas etc.


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Managerial skills

and the organizational hierarchy

Technical Skills:---Expertise in or understanding of specialized

field.

ExampleA manager may have technical skills in accounting , finance

,engineering or manufacturing


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Managerial skills

and the organizational hierarchy

Human skills:The ability of a manager to work well with others, both as a

group member and a leader who gets things done through

others.

Conceptual Skills:These skills are mainly concerned with bringing aboutinnovation in organization .


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DiagramsManagerial skills

and the

organizational hierarchy

can be easily understood with thehelp of diagrams.


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Time spent in carrying out managerial

skills

Technical

skills

Human

skills

Conceptual

skills

Middle

mgt

Top management

supervisors

Percent of job


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The goals of all managers and

organizationThe aim of all manager is to

create a surplus, by establishing

an environment in which people

can accomplish group goals withthe least amount of time, material,

and personal dissatisfaction


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organization

productivity Effectiveness

Efficiency


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organization

Productivity:Productivity is the output input ratio within the timeperiod with due consideration for quality. It can be

expressed as follows

Productivity=output/input

(within a time period, quality considered)


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organization

Efficiency:Is the achievement of the ends with the least amount

of resources.

(using minimum resources)

Effectiveness:Is the achievement of objectives in best possible

manner.


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Managing : Science OR Art?

Management as a Art:

Like practices- whether music composition, even baseball or

engineering, is an art. It is know how.

Management as a science:Managers can work better by using the organized knowledgeabout management. This organized knowledge is science.

So management as practice is an art and the knowledge underlying the

practice may be referred to as a science.


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Evolution of mgt thought

Names Major contributions to mgt

Scientific mgt He focused on harmony in the

Fredrick A Taylor working group and development

Modern operational Defined responsibility and focused

mgt theory on unity of command and team work

Henry Fayol

Behavioral Science Focused on application of psychology

Elton Mayo to management.


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Interperson

al roles

Managerial Roles Approach


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Functions of Management

Planning

Leading

Controlling Organizing

Use influence to

motivate employees

Select goals and

ways to attain

them

Assign responsibility

for task

accomplishment

Monitor activities

and make corrections


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A:PlanningA management function made

of goal setting as well as actions

to achieve them. It requires

decision making, that is, choosingfuture course of action.

In planning process targets are usually sets which needs

to be accomplished in efficient and effective manner


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B:OrganizingOrganizing means allocating and

arranging human and non human

resources so plans can be successfully

carried out.

-----like the parts actors fill in drama, in organization different people havedifferent roles to play

In organizing function the manager assign different tasks toemployees.


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C:StaffingFilling and keeping filled, the positions in the

organization.

Staffing is made of Recruitment Selection

Placing

Promotion

Appraising

Compensating etc.


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D:leadingA management function that involves influencing others towork up to maximum extent in order to achieve the

organizational goals.

Leading includes communication with others , providingdirection and motivating organizational members to achieve

the organizational goals in a best possible manner.


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E:ControllingIt is measuring and correcting

individual and organizational

performance to ensure that

events conforms to plan.

It involves measuring performance against goals, showing

where deviations from standards exist and helping to correctdeviation from standards.

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