mexican americans organize cesar chavez family was migrant farmers while growing up 1962, organized...
TRANSCRIPT
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The Equal Rights Struggle Expands
Chapter 29, Section #3
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Mexican Americans OrganizeCesar Chavez• Family was migrant farmers while growing up• 1962, organized the National Farm Workers Association• Union boycotted farms• Raised workers’ pay• Better working conditions
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Mexican Americans Organize (cont’d)1960s and 1970s:• Most Mexican Americans lived in California or the Southwest• 1970: La Raza Unida (The United People)• Better housing, jobs, education, pay• Election of Mexican Americans
• Students organized:• Demanded better schools• Mexican American teachers• Different subjects
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Hispanic Diversity
Hispanics: Roots that go back to Spanish-speaking countries and culturesLatinos: Those who come from countries in Latin America• Many come from different countries• Latinos: Immigration really important• Puerto Ricans: Already citizens• Cubans: Politically conservative, escaped from
communism
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Native Americans UniteHad difficulty uniting• Different backgroundsGov’t changed laws to not protect land• United Natives together - protested• National Congress of American Indians
(NCAI)Declaration of Indian Purpose• “Right to choose our own way of life.”• “Responsibility of preserving precious
heritage.”
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Native Americans Unite (cont’d)1968:• American Indian Movement (AIM)
• Demanded rights for people on reservations• Greater recognition of tribal laws
• 1972:• AIM member occupied Bureau of Indian Affairs
for 7 days• Wanted own sovereign rights – not “white man’s”
rights
• Protested for more gov’t aid• Indian Self-Determination Act of 1975
• More Control of social programs, law enforcement, education.
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The Women’s Movement
1960s:• Women demanded equal rights• Women’s jobs were limited• Limited legal rights• Could lose job if pregnant• When married expected to quit job• “Unnatural” to work outside home
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The Women’s Movement (cont’d)
1966: National Organization of Women (NOW)Goals:• Good jobs / Equal payEqual Rights Act of 1972• Called for no discrimination based on sex• Not enough states ratified it – DID NOT PASS!
Eventually, discrimination laws would be passed to expand rights of women in the workplace, sports, and education.