methods to reach potential voters. the point: they need votes running for office can be difficult...
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The Point: They need votesRunning for office can be difficult & expensiveCandidates have to reach out to their voters to
get their point across. People have to be informed so they know
why to vote. There are a variety of techniques & a variety of
ways to get their point across
RadioNewspaperCanvassingInternetTelevision (Most popular method)
Why would T.V. be most popular?
There are different methods used to reach potential voters:
Interest Groups are groups of people who advocate a certain change
The primary goal of Interest Groups is to Influence Public Policy.
Special Interest groups hire LOBBYISTS to influence legislators to support the groups ideas and desires.
Interest Groups
Political Action Committee
type of organization that pools campaign contributions from members
Donates those funds to campaign for or against candidates, ballot initiatives, or legislation.
2. Testimonialendorsements from
celebrities and other well-known peopleMichael Jordan
endorsement of Bill Bradley for President
3. Card Stacking/Scientific Claim– use of statistics often in a one-sided manner omission of information that is crucial to
drawing an informed and balanced conclusionExample – 95% of citizens surveyed support
Mrs. Jones for city council
4. Bandwagonsimilar to card stackingAn attempt to convey a sense of momentum To generate a positive everybody’s doing it so you should too mentality
Example – Voice-overs in commercials stating, “Polls show Robert Stone leading in the race for the United States Senate.”
6. Mudslinging/Name CallingOften referred to as “attack ads,”TV, radio, and print advertisements make
judgments about the opponent in a variety of unflattering ways.
Used by a candidate primarily to create a negative impression of one’s opponent
7. Contrast Ad/Snobbery–positive images of one’s candidacy with
negative images of the opponent in the same adExample – Images of two candidates on screen
as a voice over denounces the opponent followed by a red X
9. Transfer/Scare Tactics/Guilt by Association
To create a positive feelings for the candidate by using negative or controversial symbols
Example – positive – ads that feature pleasant music, beautiful outdoor country or rural scenery, happy families, playful children, successful teams or business.
Example – negative – taking about an opponent’s record with ominous music in the background, using black and white photos, visually shocking images such as oil spills, home foreclosure.
10.Plain-Folks Appeal Looking like an “Average”
American, appealing to help people to influence the vote.
An attempt by a candidate to appeal to the average voter as “one of the people” Example – Lamar Alexander in
1996 wearing his trademark red and black checkered shirt. Any candidate ad where he or she appears with no jacket or suit, shirtsleeves rolled up and/or wearing a sweater. Usually doing everyday tasks such as shopping at the supermarket or walking down a street or “visiting” with neighbors
11. GLITTERING GENERALITIES
usually the first type of ad used in a campaign, these spots are designed to introduce a candidate to the voters.
these types of ads are almost always very positive
Designed to leave the viewer with a very good first impression.
Writing PromptDo political advertisements impact a political
campaign? If so, how?
Do the images you see impact what you think?
Please answer both questions
What is the difference between a duty and a responsibility?
Duty: obligatory task, something that you HAVE to do.
Example: Military Service, paying taxes, obey the law
Responsibility: moral, legal or mental accountability; something that you SHOULD do.
Example: voting, volunteering your time, running for political office
Responsibilities of a Responsible Person
Taking care of oneselfSupporting one’s family, caring,
educating one’s childrenAccepting accountability for one’s
actionsAdhering to moral principlesConsidering the rights/interest of
others Behaving in a Civil manner
Responsibilities & Duties as a Citizen
Obeying the laws of societyPaying taxesRespecting the rights and liberties of othersBeing informed/paying attention to public issuesDeciding whether/how to productively contribute
to society.Participating in Civic GroupsPerforming Public ServiceServing as a Juror