meteorology the atmosphere
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Meteorology The Atmosphere. Reference. From the Ground Up Chapter 6.1: The Atmosphere Pages 123 - 124. Introduction. Meteorology is the study of the Earth’s atmosphere and the weather which occurs in it. - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
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Sep 2012
Lesson 4.1
Meteorology
The Atmosphere
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Reference
From the Ground UpChapter 6.1:The AtmospherePages 123 - 124
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Introduction• Meteorology is the study of the Earth’s
atmosphere and the weather which occurs in it.
• It’s important for pilots to know about the weather since aircraft are much more dependent on it than ground-based vehicles.
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Outline• Properties• Divisions• Standard Atmosphere
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Properties• Composition:
– 78% nitrogen– 21% oxygen– 1% other = Argon, carbon dioxide, water vapour, etc
• Water vapour is most important component in terms of weather
• Properties of atmosphere (cause most weather):– Mobility– Compression– Expansion (most important)
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EQUATOR
N
STroposphere
Stratosphere
Mesosphere
Thermosphere
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Divisions• Troposphere
– Temperature and pressure decrease– Where most weather occurs– Almost twice as wide at equator than poles– Top layer is Tropopause
• Stratosphere– Temperature increases to 0°C due to Ozone Layer– Almost no water vapour or air currents– Top layer is Stratopause
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Divisions• Mesosphere
– Temperature decreases to -100°C– Top Layer is Mesopause
• Thermosphere– Temperature increases indefinitely– Includes Ionosphere, which reflects certain radio
signals
• Exosphere– Pressure drops to vacuum– Auroras form– Merges into Space
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Standard Atmosphere• ICAO standard atmosphere
– Air is perfectly dry gas– MSL pressure
= 29.92” Hg= 1013.2 hPa= 1013.2 mb= 101.3 kPa
– MSL temperature = 15°C– Lapse rate = 1.98°C per 1000 ft
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Next Lesson
4.2 – MeteorologyClouds
From the Ground UpChapter 6.2:CloudsPages 124 - 127