metal cutting processes -...

Copyright © Texas Education Agency, 2014. All rights reserved.

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Applying Metrics for Welding Welding Performance Objective Upon completion of this assignment, the student will be able to demonstrate knowledge of the basic terminology of metrics. The student will be able to convert metric units and convert from US Customary to Metric (SI) units of length by completing the Applying Metrics to Welding Test. Specific Objectives

Define the terms used in metrics

List international units

Convert metric units

Convert from US Customary to Metric (SI) units Terms

SI- Systems International; identifying abbreviation for metrics

Ampere (symbol “A”)- Unit of electrical current

Metric System- A decimal system of weights and measures based on the meter and on the kilogram

Volume- The amount of space occupied by a three-dimensional object as measured in cubic units (as quarts or liters)

o Formulas- (Rectangular Prism=side1 × side2 × side3)(Cylinder= 3.14 X R2 X Height)

Meter (symbol “m”)- The base unit of length in the International System of Units

Mole (symbol “mol”)- The base unit of amount of pure substance in the International System of Units

Base Unit- One of a set of simple units in a system of measurement that is based on an established standard and from which other units may be derived

Capacity- A measure of content

Kilogram (symbol “kg”)- Used to measure mass

Candela (symbol “cd”)- Used to measure luminous intensity

Mass- The property of a body that is a measure of its inertia

Second (symbol “s”)- Used to measure time

Kelvin (symbol “K” or “C”)- Used to measure temperature

Area- The surface included within a set of lines

Time It should take approximately 1.5 hours for this lesson.

Lesson Plan


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TEKS Correlations This lesson, as published, correlates to the following TEKS. Any changes/alterations to the activities may result in the elimination of any or all of the TEKS listed. Welding

• 130.323 (c) o (3) The student applies academic skills to the requirements of welding. The student is expected

to: (A) demonstrate effective communication skills with individuals from varied cultures such as fellow workers, management, and customers; (B) demonstrate mathematical skills to estimate costs; (C) demonstrate technical writing skills related to work orders; (D) apply accurate readings of measuring devices, both U.S. customary and metric; (E) accurately use an appropriate tool to make measurements; (F) compute measurements such as area, surface area, volume, and perimeter; (G) determine how changes in dimension affect geometric figures; (I) use a calculator to perform computations; and (J) perform conversions between fractions and decimals.

Interdisciplinary Correlations

English Language Arts and Reading, English I

110.31 (b) o (15) Writing/Expository and Procedural Texts. Students write expository and procedural or

work-related texts to communicate ideas and information to specific audiences for specific purposes. Students are expected to:

(B) write procedural or work-related documents (e.g., instructions, e-mails, correspondence, memos, project plans) that include:

(i) organized and accurately conveyed information; and (ii) reader-friendly formatting techniques.

Mathematics

• 111.22 (b) o (8) Measurement. The student solves application problems involving estimation and

measurement of length, area, time, temperature, volume, weight, and angles. The student is expected to:

(D) convert measures within the same measurement system (customary and metric) based on relationships between units.

Preparation


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Geometry

111.34 (b) o Basic understandings.

(1) Foundation concepts for high school mathematics. As presented in Grades K-8, the basic understandings of number, operation, and quantitative reasoning; patterns, relationships, and algebraic thinking; geometry; measurement; and probability and statistics are essential foundations for all work in high school mathematics. Students continue to build on this foundation as they expand their understanding through other mathematical experiences.

Occupational Correlation (O*Net – www.onetonline.org/) Job Title: Welders, Cutters, and Welder Fitters O*Net Number: 51-4121.06 Reported Job Titles: Aluminum Welder, Fabrication Welder, Fabricator, Fitter/Welder, Maintenance Welder, Mig Welder, Sub Arc Operator, Welder, Welder-Fitter, Welder/Fabricator Tasks

Weld components in flat, vertical, or overhead positions.

Operate safety equipment and use safe work habits.

Lay out, position, align, and secure parts and assemblies prior to assembly, using straightedges, combination squares, calipers, and rulers.

Examine workpieces for defects and measure workpieces with straightedges or templates to ensure conformance with specifications.

Recognize, set up, and operate hand and power tools common to the welding trade, such as shielded metal arc and gas metal arc welding equipment.

Weld separately or in combination, using aluminum, stainless steel, cast iron, and other alloys.

Clamp, hold, tack-weld, heat-bend, grind or bolt component parts to obtain required configurations and positions for welding.

Select and install torches, torch tips, filler rods, and flux, according to welding chart specifications or types and thicknesses of metals.

Ignite torches or start power supplies and strike arcs by touching electrodes to metals being welded, completing electrical circuits.

Connect and turn regulator valves to activate and adjust gas flow and pressure so that desired flames are obtained.

Soft Skills

Critical Thinking

Operation and Control

Monitoring

Reading Comprehension

http://www.onetonline.org/


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Accommodations for Learning Differences It is important that lessons accommodate the needs of every learner. These lessons may be modified to accommodate your students with learning differences by referring to the files found on the Special Populations page of this website. Preparation

Materials o Prefixes chart- Refer to Slide 7 of slide presentation o Conversion chart- Refer to Slide 15 of slide presentation o 3 liter bottle of soda pop o Items from the classroom to measure

Equipment o Computer and projector for slide presentation o Metric ruler for each student

Learner o Prior mastery of standard linear measurement

References

Bennett, A. E., & Siy, L. J. (1999). Blueprint reading for welders. Independence, KY: Cengage Learning.

Fortney, C., & Gregory, M. (1984). Introduction to welding: Student material. Stillwater, OK: Mid-America Vocational Curriculum Consortium.

Marion, N. (2013). Math for welders. (5th edition) Tinley Park, IL: Goodheart-Willcox.

Instructional Aids

Applying Metrics for Welding slide presentation and notes

Metric Conversions Handout

Applying Metrics to Welding Worksheet and answer key

Applying Metrics to Welding Test and answer key

The objective of this lesson is to introduce students to the Metric (SI) system of measurement.

Show o Use a 3 liter bottle of soda as an example of how we use metrics in the U.S. today (as opposed to

the way the rest of the world uses metrics).

Ask o What are other items we use every day that are measured with the Metric (SI) system?

Ask o How is a bottle’s volume measured? How much liquid is in the bottle? o How do you measure the volume of liquid in a bottle?

Introduction


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Say

Write a list of 10 items we determined we use every day.

Use the questioning to engage students in conversation about the U.S. and the rest of the world’s use of metrics. Discuss the variety of student responses.


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Outline

OUTLINE

I. Introduction

II. Slide presentation and discussion A. Metrics defined B. International identification C. Powers of 10 D. SI base units of measure

I. Meter- "m" II. Kilogram- "kg" III. Second- "s" IV. Ampere- "A" V. Kelvin- "K" or "C" VI. Mole- "mol" VII. Candela "cd"

E. Units of length F. Converting metric units G. Converting metric to US customary units

III. Guided practice desk measurement A. Students measure their desk/table tops with a

metric ruler IV. Independent practice measurement

A. Students choose (individually or with an assigned partner)and measure designated objects in the shop/classroom

B. Students should write down results C. Teams should switch results with another team

and check the team’s work by measuring the opposing team’s object

D. Students complete the Applying Metrics to Welding Worksheet

V. Review

VI. Applying Metrics to Welding Test at the end of

lesson three.

NOTES TO TEACHER Prior to the lesson, choose several items to be measured for the independent practice portion of lesson. The objective of this lesson is to introduce students to the Metric (SI) system of measurement. Review and show Applying Metrics for Welding slide presentation. Teacher should become familiar with conversions. Distribute and discuss the Metric Conversions Handout. Distribute the Applying Metrics to Welding Worksheet and have students complete after lesson presentation. Distribute and administer the Applying Metrics to Welding Test. Grade with key.

MI


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Multiple Intelligences Guide

Guided Practice The teacher will guide students as they practice measuring their desk/table top with a metric ruler. Independent Practice Have students choose (individually or with an assigned partner) and measure designated objects in the shop/classroom. Students should write down results. Teams should switch results with another team and check the team’s work by measuring the opposing team’s object. Students complete the Applying Metrics to Welding Worksheet individually. Review Review the material orally by asking specific conversion questions to individual students. Encourage responses by rewarding correct answers with praise and incorrect answers with positive reinforcement and redirection.

Informal Assessment Teacher will observe and check as students are measuring designated objects. Formal Assessment Students complete Applying Metrics to Welding Test at the end of the lesson on metrics. Extension Use of metrics will be applied in future shop experiences and in the work place.

Existentialist

Interpersonal

Intrapersonal

Kinesthetic/

Bodily

Logical/

Mathematical

Musical/Rhythmic

Naturalist

Verbal/Linguistic

Visual/Spatial

Application

Summary

Evaluation

Enrichment


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Metric Conversions Handout Kilometer = 1000 Decimeter = 0.1 Hectometer = 100 Centimeter = 0.01 Decameter = 10 Millimeter = 0.001 Meter = 1 (Base Unit)

Converting Metric Units The conversion of units in the Metric (SI) system of measurement is easy when using the diagram above to help. To increase the conversion, you must divide by the number of spaces between measurements. For example, convert 1492 m to km = 1.492 km. From meters to kilometers it is 1000.

Step 1 m to dam = 10

Step 2 dam to hm = 100

Step 3 hm to km = 1000

Answer 1492 m / 1000 = 1.492 km To decrease the conversion, you must multiply by the number of spaces between measurements. For example, convert 4.9 hm to dm = 4900 dm. From hectometers to decimeters it is 1000.

Step 1 hm to dam = 10

Step 2 dam to m = 100

Step 3 m to dm = 1000

Answer 4.9 hm X 1000 = 4900 dm

Converting Metric to US Customary Units As a welder, you will be required to convert mm to in and in to mm. For the purposes of welding, most conversions can be rounded up for simplicity. The highest tolerance a welder may be required to use is 1/64.

Converting in to mm, round to the nearest mm

Converting mm to in, round to the nearest .1 in. When converting from in to mm, you must multiply the in by 25.4.

Example 3.375 in to mm 3.375 in X 25.4 = 85.725 mm Round to 86 mm

When converting from mm to in, you must divide the mm by 25.4.

Example 33.75 mm to in 33.75 mm / 25.4 = 1.32874 in Round to 1.3 in


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Name _____________________________________Date ____________________Class_______________

Applying Metrics to Welding Worksheet

1) What is the metric equivalent conversion for the following?

A. Thousandths ___________________ B. Tenths ________________________ C. Hundreds ______________________

2) Using a metric ruler, measure this test paper and provide the dimensions in millimeters. Length = _______________mm Width = _______________mm

Convert the following measurements 3) 6.5 hectometers to decimeters 4) 1974 millimeters to dekameters 5) 8.9 kilometers to meters 6) 1982 centimeters to kilometers 7) 20 decameters to kilometers 8) 3 meters to centimeters

Convert the following measurements (DON’T FORGET TO ROUND) 9) .875 inch to millimeters 10) 30 millimeters to inches 11) 20 centimeters to inches 12) .25 inch to millimeters 13) 5/8 inch to millimeters 14) 60 millimeters to inches 15) 6.5 inches to millimeters 16) 25 feet to meters


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Applying Metrics to Welding Worksheet Answer Key

1) What is the metric equivalent conversion for the following? A. Thousandths millimeter B. Tenths decimeter C. Hundreds hectometer

2) Using a metric ruler, measure this test paper and provide the dimensions in millimeters.

Length = 279.4 mm Width = 215.9 mm

Convert the following measurements 3) 6.5 hectometers to decimeters 4) 1974 millimeters to dekameters 6500 dm .1974 dam 5) 8.9 kilometers to meters 6) 1982 centimeters to hectometers 8900 m 1.982 hm 7) 20 dekameters to kilometers 8) 3 meters to centimeters .2 km 300 cm

Convert the following measurements: (Don’t forget to round) 9) .875 inch to millimeters 10) 30 millimeters to inches 22.2 mm 1.2 in 11) 20 centimeters to inches 12) .25 inch to millimeters 7.9 in 6.4 mm 13) 5/8 inch to millimeters 14) 60 millimeters to inches 15.9 mm 2.4 in 15) 6.5 inch to millimeters 16) 25 feet to meters 165.1 mm 8.3 m


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Name _____________________________________Date ____________________Class_______________

Applying Metrics to Welding Test

1. For the following terms, select those metric expressions that are presented incorrectly and revise them so they are correct. If correct, leave blank.

A. 4 ¾ mm ________________ B. 0.10 mm _______________ C. 18.67 Mm ______________ D. 16 ½ mms. _____________ E. 12,750 mm _____________ F. 0.7 millimeters ___________

2. What is the metric equivalent conversion for the following?

A. Thousandths __________________ B. Tenths _______________________ C. Hundreds _____________________

3. Fill in the missing information.

Quantity Name Symbol Length ____________________ __________ Mass ____________________ __________ Time ____________________ __________ Electric current ____________________ __________ Temperature ____________________ __________ Amount of substance ____________________ __________ Luminous intensity ____________________ __________

4. Convert the following to metric values.

A. 9/16 in _____________mm B. 7/8 in ______________mm C. 0.062 in ____________mm D. 4.750 in ____________mm

5. Using a metric ruler, measure this test paper and provide the dimensions in millimeters.

Length = _______________mm Width = _______________mm


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Applying Metrics to Welding Test

Answer Key

1. For the following terms, select those metric expressions that are presented incorrectly and revise them so they are correct. If correct, leave blank.

A. 4 ¾ mm 4.75 mm B. 0.10 mm .10 mm C. 18.67 Mm 18.67 mm D. 16 ½ mms. 16.5 mm E. 12,750 mm 12750 mm F. 0.7 millimeters 0.7 mm

2. What is the metric equivalent conversion for the following?

A. Thousandths millimeter B. Tenths decimeter C. Hundreds hectometer

3. Fill in the missing information.

Quantity Name Symbol

Length meter m

Mass kilogram kg Time second s Electric current ampere A Temperature Kelvin (Celsius) K(C) Amount of substance mole m Luminous intensity candela cd

4. Convert the following to metric values.

A. 9/16 in 14.2875 mm B. 7/8 in 22.2250 mm C. 0.062 in 1.5875 mm D. 4.750 in 120.65 mm

5. Using a metric ruler, measure this test paper and provide the dimensions in Millimeters. Length = 279.4 mm Width = 215.9 mm

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