DEVELOPMENT OF DESIGN BRIEF FOR A SHOPPING COMPLEX

UNIVERSITI TEKNOLOGI MARA UITM

ICP 814: DESIGN PROCESS & CONSTRUCTION MANAGEMENT

Prepared for:

PM Sr. Dr. Hajjah Faridah Hj. Ismail

Prepared by:

Abdullah Muslim Bin Ahmad 20155

A Rasyid Bin Gani 2015749071

Syarifah Nabilah Binti Syed Abu Bakar 2015773789

Date Submitted

April 2016

2.0 LITERATURE REVIEW

2.0 LITERATURE REVIEW

2.1 DEFINITION

Traditionally, briefing was understood as a process of discrete steps where design

could not begin until the briefing stage was completed. Design of large buildings was

confronted with much volume of detailed technical requirements of the proposed

building. The information contained in the brief was seen as critical to the success of

the project. It was often implied as a single-stage process. As redefinition a brief,

which is a product of the briefing process is a formal document containing the written

instructions and requirements of a client for a building project. (Blythe & Worthington

2001)

The Design Brief is the full and completed statement of the Sponsoring Agency’s

functional and operational requirements for a project. It defines all design

requirements for a project including performance standards and quality thresholds. It

is the foundation on which design will be developed and is the benchmark for

measuring future design development. It also includes a detailed outline of the

preferred option, supported with design studies where appropriate, and with reasons

for the choice. Starting point for the development of the Design Brief normally begins

after the Feasibility Study has been sign off. ( (Department of Finance Government

Buildings Upper Merrion Street Dublin 2, July 2009)

2.2 IMPORTANT OF DESIGN BRIEF

The success of a procurement process, in terms of both the services provided and

the final built outcome is directly related to the quality of the briefing documents

provided to the project team. The project brief is the document that starts the

dialogue between the Client and their project team, gives the direction and scope of

the project and forms the basis of the 'contract' between the Client and their

Professional Services Providers.

The design brief document provides the necessary information to describe the

rationale, purpose, goals, costs, risks, constraints and time and performance

requirements of a project. Design is the process by which information about a Client’s

needs is translated into three-dimensional physical solutions: such as buildings,

roads, bridges, and so on. Design activities take place at all stages in the creation of

a facility. (Department of Finance Government Buildings Upper Merrion Street Dublin

2, July 2009)

A quality brief will improve project outcomes; reduce risk, cost overruns, time

delays and conflict for the Client. It will also ensure that the price provided to

complete the services reflects the work required. The failure to provide a well-

prepared and comprehensive brief is one of the core reasons projects experience

problems and delays.

The approval in principle is based upon the best information available at the

time and in the absence of facts for some issues, on certain assumptions. Once it is

given, the information and assumptions on which it is based must be examined,

disaggregated (if necessary) and assigned across the Sixteen Project Parameters

that are used to help refine in greater detail what constitutes the projects. Essentially,

the project parameters are broad categories under which information relating to the

project can be gathered.

Each of these parameter is continually developed, enhanced, expanded,

amended and clarified throughout the project definition process, so that the final

output (and the input to the design process) is a Definitive Project Brief that is as

detailed, comprehensive, final and certain as possible. The Sixteen Parameter are

objectives, purpose, scope, deliverables/desired outcomes, performance,

assumptions, governance and reporting, preferred option, known risks, value

management strategies, project execution plan, expected functional life, design

restrictions/ requirements, locations, budget and constraints. ( (Department of

Finance Government Buildings Upper Merrion Street Dublin 2, July 2009)

2.3 ELEMENT OF DESIGN BRIEF

The key issue when preparing a brief is to ensure that all relevant information is

provided in sufficient detail to enable the Professional Services Provider to

understand fully the Client’s intentions, aspirations and constraints for a project.

A good brief will:

be easy to use fully explain who the Client is and how the project will be managed fully explain the Client’s requirements for the project fully explain the range and scope of services required on the project

provide comprehensive information on the physical factors relevant to the project provide comprehensive information on the budget and time constraints relevant to

the project allow accurate pricing make evaluation of the tenders easier, on a more comparable basis and fair minimize the likelihood of variations, cost over-runs and disputes

A good brief provides clarity to the project, with a better understanding of the

requirements by all parties. This will allow the final design to reflect the actual

requirements. Research has shown that it is considerably easier and more cost

effective to allocate resources at the commencement of a project to address and

clarify the needs of the project than later within the procurement process.

A good brief results in:

more accurate and detailed pricing, with the result that less risk is priced into the

project

reduced opportunity for variations, which are usually priced at higher rates

reduced risk associated with time increases

( (Department of Finance Government Buildings Upper Merrion Street Dublin 2, July

2009)

2.4 DESIGN BRIEF CONSTRAINTS

At this stage constraints are fully identified and the necessary actions taken so that

they can be surmounted. Constraints are to be respected in devising the solution

under any of the following categories. Those that are mandatory are distinguished

from those that are a matter of preference:-

1. Financial

2. Technological

3. Legal/ regulatory

4. Environmental

5. Physical inputs and raw material

6. Availability of manpower and skills

7. Time

8. Administrative and managerial ability

9. Distributional, social, spatial and land use plan

10. Cooperation required from other interests and

11. General policy considerations

3.0 Developing A Design Brief for Shopping Complex

The critical success of a ‘Design Brief’ depends on the quality of the contents such

on the ability to clearly describe the coherent design understanding from the planning

stages to the outcome of the product for shopping mall proposed development or any

particular development. The design brief should act as to define all design

requirements for a project including performance standards and quality thresholds. It

is the foundation on which design will be developed and is the benchmark for

measuring future design development. It is a factual record and a document of

importance where the brief should contain the followings:

Background of the project

Site Appraisal

Design Concept & Requirements

Design & Development Component

Budget

Programme and timeframe

3.1 Background of Design Brief

This section should provide an introduction to the project as in overall, who you

the clients and their project objective which would help the designers get a feel

for clients business and operational. Describe the project in as much detail as

you can or need to. How has the project been raised, what is it designed to do,

where does it fit with other initiatives within the business, does it have to work

with any of them? Detail the project objectives if available particularly with

respect to business impact and what the project needs to do for the business or

organization.

i. A description of the client's brand, culture and organization.

ii. A description of the client's vision, mission and objectives.

iii. A description of the client's priorities and the criteria that will be

used to measure success.

iv. Organizational structure and decision-making processes.

v. Changes to the client that the project will bring about.

vi. Interfaces with other projects.

vii. Client policies that may be applicable to the project (for example;

transport policy, energy policy, natural

ventilation policy, sustainability policy).

viii. Client preferences for the project (for example; image, use of local

materials, use of landscape etc) and quality expectations

(including health and safety, sustainability and design quality).

ix. A description of the principles that will be adopted in the

development of the design.

Example: Clients Background, Objective, Philosophy, Company’s Descriptions and of

CapitalMall Asia

3.2 Site Appraisal

An appraisals of the potential sites for a Shopping Mall development may be

carried out by consultants at early stage, where it might be inserted in the

Design Brief. They are also an opportunity for the consultant team to

familiarize themselves with the site and assess the detailed surveys that

might be necessary. Specific appraisals that might be made by

individual consultants include:

Architect:

1. Desktop study of site history.

2. Study of site context including access, boundaries, levels, landscape

(including possible ecological issues such as the presence

of japanese knotweed), transport and traffic and an assessment of

neighbouring properties and views.

3. Appraisal of possible hazardous substances such as asbestos and

other deleterious materials.

4. Photographic studies.

5. Assessment of the local planning authority's local development plan.

6. Climatic conditions.

Cost consultant:

1. Abnormal features that might impact on cost.

Structural engineer:

1. Desktop study of geological issues or contaminated land.

2. Cursory study of neighbouring or existing structures that might

require demolition or might otherwise be impacted by development.

3. Desktop study of foundation solutions adopted by adjacent

developments.

Services engineer:

1. Location and nature of underground site services.

2. Cursory investigation to establish 'cut off' for diversions of existing

services.

3. Statutory utility drawings for the site.

3.2 Design Concept, Strategies & Requirement

Shopping centers are one of the most dominating structures in the cities of

Malaysia. Considering the number, the body structure and the area of shopping

centers, the importance of sustainable approaches in shopping centers have

become more important in the country. Architects, planners and interior

architects have a great responsibility to help creating the receptiveness for the

emergence of a new kind of architecture, which easily translated in the Design

Brief.

Example: Conceptual Design Plan & Component of Shopping Mall Inside a Design

Brief

Example: Design Checklist

3.4 Detail Development Component / Building Component (Architectural & Structural)

This section of the Design Brief is prepared in detailing the earlier schematic conceptual design and requirement gathered from the earlier feasibility studies. In this chapter, DB will detail up areas of spaces where the development enlarges the scale of consideration—greater detail is developed for all aspects of the building—the collaborative process continues with the architect in the role of facilitator for the various contributors. Greater detail is achieved for all aspects of the building.

1. Area and Activities spaces

2. Structural strategy (columns and gridlines to be adopted, special loads, floor

to ceiling heights).

3. Servicing requirements, including specialist requirements.

4. Comfort conditions and level of user control.

5. Acoustic requirements.

6. Equipment requirements.

7. Specialist requirements for furniture, finishes, fixtures and fittings.

8. Information and communications technology (ICT) requirements.

9. Requirements for specialist processes and plant.

10. Fire compartments.

11. Maintenance and cleaning requirements.

12. Likelihood of future change (for example staff numbers) and flexibility

required.

13. Sustainability objectives and energy use targets.

14. Safety and security requirements.

15. Resilience to potential hazards or threats.

16. Waste and water management.

17. Pollution control.

18. Flexibility and future uses of areas.

19. Durability and lifespan.

20. Other performance requirements.

21. Benchmarking information.

Example: Plan, Detail Drawing & Design illustration of Shopping Mall

3.4 Budget A budget is a statement of the amount of money that is available to spend over

a period of time, or on a specific thing, such as a building. It may include an

outline plan for how that money will be spent, and a breakdown of the items it

will be spent on.

Budgets help determine what is affordable and should be set as early as

possible. It is important that they are based on evidence and that they are

realistic.

A budget can be established by:

Assessment of projected income and expenses through the life of the

project.

Comparison with similar projects.

Assessment of the funds available.

Pre-design analysis of requirements.

Analysis of preliminary design options.

The budget is set by the client and is distinct from cost plans prepared by

a cost consultant , which are likely to focus on the construction cost.

3.4 Timeframe & Programme

This may be in the form of project planner by listing the timeframe with list of

dates that you need to hit. Programmes will often identify:

Dates and durations allocated to tasks.

A critical path (the sequence of critical tasks upon which the overall

duration of the programme is dependent).

Tasks which can only be carried out after other tasks have been

completed.

Tasks which can be carried out simultaneously.

'Float' within tasks that are not on the critical path (that is, delays that can

be incurred without affecting the critical path). Identifying float can be

helpful in highlighting where it may be possible to transfer resources to

tasks that are on the critical path.

The need for specific resources such as plant, services or materials and

their lead time.