Mental Health Nursing IMental Health Nursing INURS 1300NURS 1300

Unit VIIUnit VIIEating DisordersEating Disorders

Objective 1Define anorexia, bulimia, and

morbid obesityAnorexia = self-starvation with a

disruption in metabolism due to inadequate calorie intake

Bulimia = food-gorging binges followed by the purging of food, usually through self-induced vomiting or laxative abuse

Morbid obesity = chronic disease defined by having a Body Mass Index (BMI) of more than 40

Objective 2Identify populations at risk for

eating disorders

Anorexia – individuals experiencing major life

changes adolescent girls and young adult

women athletes, actors, dancers, models,

or anyone whose thinness is a professional requirement

Objective 2 (cont’d)Bulimia – 90% of people suffering from bulimia

are women other risk factors include exposure to

American ideals of beauty

Morbid obesity – all populations at risk 61% of adults in the U.S. are

overweight more and more children are falling

victim to obesity

Objective 3Identify possible causes of eating

disorders

Anorexia Low self-esteem Social isolation Perfectionism Tends to run in families Stressful events Uncomfortable emotions

control is achieved over weight and food

satisfaction in this area becomes important if the rest of one’s life is chaotic and emotionally painful

Bulimia

Dieting Stress Uncomfortable emotions

purging and other actions to prevent weight gain allows one to feel more in control of his or her life

control over weight eases stress and anxiety

Morbid obesity Strong genetic component Excessive calorie intake Thyroid disorders Lack of physical activity Current trends and attitudes in the

U.S. food as social outlet high-fat/high-calorie “comfort” foods “clean-your-plate” mentality

Objective 4Identify symptoms of three eating

disorders

Anorexia Thinking one looks fat even if bone-

thin Brittle hair and nails Skin dry and yellow Depression Hypothermia Lanugo Strange eating habits

cutting food into tiny pieces preparing elaborate meals one doesn’t

eat

Bulimia Individual may be thin, overweight,

or average Use of diet pills Going to the bathroom shortly

after eating Exercising even when hurt, sick, or

tired Signs of vomiting Distorted body image Moody or sad

Morbid obesity

Type II diabetes Hypertension Heart disease Gall bladder disease Stroke Depression Low self-esteem

Objective 5List nursing care and medical

treatments for clients with eating disorders

Anorexia

Interventions aimed at restoring weight to reverse medical complications

Hospitalization to stabilize dangerously low weight

Individual, family, and group therapy

Cognitive-behavioral therapy Psychotherapy to deal with

underlying emotional issues

Bulimia

Learning healthy eating patterns Coping with thoughts and feelings Individual, group, and family

therapy Medications

antidepressants anxiolytics

Morbid obesity

Sensitivity training due to discrimination by health care workers

Weight management Nutrition education Exercise program Bariatric surgery

gastric bypass gastric banding