Mental Health and Drug Awareness, Legislation and

Assessment

Objectives for today and tomorrow:

Gain a deeper understanding of the Health and Social Care system

Begin to understand where care services come from

Look at acronyms and jargon and start to understand it more

Get a start to understanding the MHA

Look at mental health and disorder

Look at Drug use

Look at assessment and planning

Your paperwork

The Health and Social Care set up, Acronyms and

jargon.

Mental Health Law (MHA)

Parts

Sections

Rights

Expectations

Exercise

What do you know about the MHA?

Lets brainstorm all we know.

What experience have you had of mental health

law?

Mental Health disorder and health

Drug and Alcohol

SOME TERMSPsychoactive drug... those that alter mood, cognition or behaviour.

Dependence.... a condition in which a drug produces a feeling of satisfaction and a drive that

requires periodic or continuous administration of the drug to produce pleasure or reduce discomfort.

Physical dependence.... an adaptive state that manifests itself by intensive physical disturbance when

the administration of a drug is suspended..

Neuroadaptation…. refers to the neuronal changes associated with physical dependence &

tolerance

Tolerance... as a result of repeated dosing with a drug increasingly higher doses are

required to achieve the same effect.

DRUG, SET & SETTINGDrug

The properties of the drug itself

SetThe psychological set of the individual

SettingThe environment (physical, cultural and social) in which the drug is

takenThe interaction of these three variables influence the individuals

experience of drug use. This can be used to explain why some people develop problems and others don't.

Changing any of the three variables will influence the users experience.Treatment of drug users can be targeted at any or all of the three

variables.

What and how?Heroin, Morphine, Codeine, Methadone, Many pharmaceuticals Inhalation, smoking, Intravenous injection, Intramuscular injection, oral, tablets crushed

How Much?Anything from £5 to £50 daily. More is often used when smoking and inhalation than IVI. Any number of tablets taken

Good things reportedEuphoria, sleep induction, Energy, Blocking out, relaxation, warmth, analgesia,emotional numbness, drowsy, reduced ability to cough, rush intensified if injected IVLess good things reportedNausea, Respiratory depression, itching, vomiting, odd taste, constipation

Some withdrawal problemsMuscular aches, Diarrhoea, Yawning, Sweating when cold, nausea and vomiting,piloerection, stomach cramps, runny nose/eyes, sneezing, irritability, Low mood, cramps, watery eyes, ejaculation, dilated pupils, increased risk of choking

Opiates and Opioids

Cannabis

• Cannabis is a sedative and hallucinogenic drug produced from the leaves and buds of the cannabis sativa plant. • Most commonly used illegal drug. • Cannabis is an illegal substance under class B of the misuse of Drugs Act. dried leaves or black/brown block of resin• Cannabis leaves or resin are smoked (roll-up with tobacco or in a bong)• Signs of Use: reddened eyes, dilated pupils, increased pulse rate, drowsiness, giggling, and a sweet herbal smell. • Effects: relaxation, increased senses, slowing of thoughts, time seems to pass more slowly, sometimes mild hallucinogenic effects.• Risks: mouth and lung cancer, exacerbate other lung conditions, increases likelihood of psychosis, road traffic accidents whilst driving under the influence.

Medical treatment options

Substitutes with aim to reduce

Substitutes with aim to maintenance

Substitutes for detoxification

Alternative prescribing with aim to detoxification

Maintenance

Reasons for use

• To feel euphoric or feel nothing• To feel more confident• To work longer hours or enhance performance• To belong to a social group (peer pressure)• To kill time (alleviate boredom)• To alleviate physical pain and other health problems• Because it is a habit• To satisfy cravings and avoid withdrawal symptoms• For weight loss • To experience an altered state of consciousness• To unwind after a stressful day

Assessment

Assessment of drug/alcohol problems

Model of change

What is it?

Why use it?

How useful is it really?

Start to think about motivation!!!!

Model of Changeor

The Transtheroetical Model of Change

Developed by Prochaska and Di Clemente

Motivation and resistance

Comprises Stages, levels and process

Concentrate today on stages and levels

Stages of Change

.

Pre-contemplationContemplation

Determination

Action

Maintenance

Relapse

Drug/Substance Assessment?

The start of therapyListeningUsually the first sessionInitial meetingInformation gathering processGeneral overview of issuesSpecific identification of issuesSequence of eventsInformation/advice giving“Getting to know you”Problem identificationWho’s problem is it?

What are we looking for?

Typical dayHeavy and light daysNarrowing of repertoireSalience of drug useToleranceWithdrawal symptomsRelief usePrevious relapse cues

Step 5 - Encourage self-help strategies for you too!!

Keep physically activeEat wellAlcohol in moderationValue yourselfTalk about your feelingsKeep in touch Care for othersGet involved/learn new skillsDo something creativeTake a breakAsk for help

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