Menstrual Cycle9th Grade Health

Menstrual Cycle

• The cycle begins when an______starts to mature in one of the ______________.

• Egg• Ovaries

• 22. The lining of the _______thickens to prepare for ___________.

• Uterus• Pregnancy• Progesterone is responsible for this!!! – Maintaining growth of the

endometrium for implantation of a fertilized egg

Lining= Endometrium

• 23. If the egg is not fertilized, the lining breaks down and is discharged. This discharged of dead tissue and blood is called__________.

• Menstruation• Menarche is the first menstrual period, this

usually occur between the age of 10 and age 16

• 24. The cycles takes about 21-35 days. The blood flow occurs for the first 3-7 days of the cycle.

• Estrogen has reached its highest level 2 days before ovulation

• Ovulation occurs about midways through the cycle (about day 14)

– Endometrium is at the thickest point! – Luteinizing Hormone(LH) signals the release of

ovum from ovary-ovulation– If egg is not fertilized by the time that it reaches

the uterus progesterone and estrogen levels drop.

25.Factors affecting Menstruation are:

– Diet– Illness– Travel– Exercise– Weight gain/loss

Every women is different

• Age• Menstruation begins• Length # of days• Cramps• Back Pain

Premenstrual syndrome (PMS)• Occurs before the menstrual period–Nervous tension–Mood swings–Headaches–Bloating– Irritability

• May be caused by hormone levels• Approximately 85% of women who

menstruate report changes in the days or weeks before their menstruation that cause problems that affect their normal lives. This is known as Premenstrual Syndrome (PMS).

Menopause

• The ovaries slow down hormone production and stop releasing an egg. This takes place around the ages____________.

• 45-55

Endometriosis

• Tissue from the lining of the uterus grows outside the uterus, in the pelvic cavity.

• Causes pain in pelvic areas, especially during menstruation.

• Can lead to sterility• Can be corrected with hormones or

surgical removal of unwanted tissue.

• Endometriosis affects more than 5 million American women, including teen girls.

• It's not always diagnosed right away in teens because at first they or their doctors assume that their painful periods are a normal part of menstruating.