mendel’s work
DESCRIPTION
Mendel’s Work. The Science of Heredity. Genetics- science involving the study of heredity; how traits are passed from one generation to the next. Gregor Mendel ( 1822-1884 ) Father of Genetics. Claim to Fame. Experimented with pea plants ( 34 varieties) - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
![Page 1: Mendel’s Work](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062520/56816193550346895dd13280/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Mendel’s Work
The Science of Heredity
![Page 2: Mendel’s Work](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062520/56816193550346895dd13280/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Genetics- science involving the study of heredity; how traits are passed from one generation to the next
Gregor Mendel (1822-1884)Father of Genetics
![Page 3: Mendel’s Work](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062520/56816193550346895dd13280/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
Claim to Fame• Experimented with pea plants (34 varieties)• Crossed plants with various traits tall, short, blossom color, pod color, pea
color, pod texture.• Discovered that the parent plants produced offspring with particular characteristics
![Page 4: Mendel’s Work](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062520/56816193550346895dd13280/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
![Page 5: Mendel’s Work](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062520/56816193550346895dd13280/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
Mendel’s Experiments• Offspring were able to produce
“recessive” traits that existed in one of the parents that were
not expressed visibly in the offspring themselves but were expressed in the next generation• E.G.: Tall plants (from tall x short parents) were able to produce short offspring
![Page 6: Mendel’s Work](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062520/56816193550346895dd13280/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
Results:• Dominant trait always appeared
(no mixing/blending of traits)
• Recessive trait sometimes appeared in the next generation
![Page 7: Mendel’s Work](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062520/56816193550346895dd13280/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
Traits• Dominant Allele = trait that is expressed
when 2 different genes for a trait are present– represented with capital letters Y, T
• Recessive Allele = trait which is not expressed when a dominant gene for a trait is present– represented with lower case letters y, t
• P Generation = beginning Parental Generation
• F1 Generation = First Filial Generation• F2 Generation = Second Filial Generation
![Page 8: Mendel’s Work](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062520/56816193550346895dd13280/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
Purebred = organism with genes for a particular trait that are alike YY, yy, BB, bbHybrid = organism with genes for a particular trait that are different Yy, Bb
![Page 9: Mendel’s Work](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062520/56816193550346895dd13280/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
Punnett Squares• Developed by English geneticist Reginald C. Punnett•What is a Punnett Square?–Chart that shows possible gene combinations in a cross between 2 organisms
![Page 10: Mendel’s Work](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062520/56816193550346895dd13280/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
Let’s try it!!!
![Page 11: Mendel’s Work](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062520/56816193550346895dd13280/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
Phenotype and Genotype• Phenotype = physical
appearance of an organism• Genotype = its actual genetic makeup (represented with capital and/or lower case letters)
![Page 12: Mendel’s Work](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062520/56816193550346895dd13280/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
BB & Bb are alike phenotypically (both are black) but different genotypically (genetically)
![Page 13: Mendel’s Work](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062520/56816193550346895dd13280/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
•Homozygous- when 2 genes for a particular trait are the same (TT or tt)•Heterozygous- having 2 different forms of a gene for a particular trait (Tt)
![Page 14: Mendel’s Work](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062520/56816193550346895dd13280/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
Incomplete DominanceSome genes are neither dominant nor recessive, traits appear to be blended together
Examples: 4 o’clock flower, palomino (horse)
![Page 15: Mendel’s Work](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062520/56816193550346895dd13280/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
![Page 16: Mendel’s Work](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062520/56816193550346895dd13280/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
![Page 17: Mendel’s Work](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062520/56816193550346895dd13280/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
Cross between chestnut brown & a white horse = Palomino