meego italian day 2011 – andrea grandi
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Meego Italian Day 2011 – Andrea Grandi - Qt: l’infrastruttura di programmazione multipiattaforma. Panoramica di Qt: libreria multipiattaforma per lo sviluppo di programmi con interfaccia grafica tramite l’uso di widget. Perchè usarla? Quali sono i vantaggi? Che linguaggio di programmazione utilizza? E sotto che licenza viene rilasciata? Insomma, tutto quello che abbiamo sempre voluto sapere su Qt, ma non abbiamo mai osato chiedere. Inoltre qualche nozione teorica su Qt Quick e QML. Andrea Grandi è studente di Informatica presso l’Università di Firenze e ha lavorato per qualche anno come sviluppatore di software. Dal 2007 fa parte della community di Maemo, in cui si impegna attivamente per aiutare i nuovi utenti, organizzare eventi e sviluppare applicazioni; recentemente è stato eletto membro del Maemo Community Council. Ha iniziato da alcuni anni a lavorare con Qt/C++ per creare programmi destinati ai dispositivi Maemo sino ad accumulare un’esperienza tale da essere nominato Nokia Qt Ambassador. Inoltre è socio fondatore del Pistoia Linux User Group. http://www.meegoit.com/2011TRANSCRIPT
08 February, 2011
Andreas JaklSenior Technical Consultant
Forum Nokia
v3.0.2
Choose target market(s) for your appEurope, US, Africa, China, India, etc.
Select target platform(s)MeeGo, Symbian, Series 40
Choose development technologyQt, Web, Java
Design, develop & test
Distribute: Ovi Store... and get famous and rich!
Native apps (Qt)
Web Apps Web Apps
Java apps
Operating SystemSymbian, MeeGo, Windows, Mac OS, Linux
Native appsUse operating system and its functions directly
(different code for networking, GPS, etc.)
Operating SystemSymbian, MeeGo, Windows, Mac OS, Linux
Qt frameworkSame code works on all platforms,covers many usecases (GPS, etc.)
(if needed, direct access is still possible)Your App
Developer
Publish to – Ovi Store
(Symbian, MeeGo)– Windows– Linux– Mac– Embedded
App Source Code
Using Qt SDK for– Dev. environment– Testing– Translation– Help
Using Qt framework for– User Interface– Networking– Location (GPS)– Web integration– ...
• Cross-Platform
– Same source code for multiple platforms
– Maximum performance – native apps!
• Generic
– User Interface
– Declarative UI, animation, gestures,
multi-touch, 3D (OpenGL)
– WebKit & JavaScript engine included
– Multimedia (audio, video)
– Networking, XML
– SQL, files, app settings
– Container classes, object communication,
threading, unit testing
• Mobile focus
– Location, Maps
– Sensors
– Messaging (SMS, email)
– Contacts, Calendar
– Camera
– System information
– Haptics (vibration)
• Extend
– Include any 3rd party C++ library / code
23 modules, ~ 800 classes,
~ 9000 functions
SDK, toolchain, remote device testing, etc.
Discussion boards,e-learning videos,
examples
4 million DL / day190+ countries
103x operator billingOne-time fee of €1.Submit an unlimited number of apps.
Open Sourceqt.gitorious.org
Qt can be used in commercial,closed-source apps
Changes to Qt sourcemust be shared
Included support
Tech support available
• Qt for Symbian:
– Works on S60 3.1+ (E71, E72, 5800, N97, N8, etc.) *
– Look up platform versions:
http://www.forum.nokia.com/devices/
Qt Compatibility
Nokia E71(S60 3.1, 2008)
Qt Pre-Installed
* Qt can be installed on all compatible devices. Not all devices are enabled for Qt content in the Ovi Store. Current list of Ovi Store device deployment support for Qt apps: http://www.forum.nokia.com/Distribute/Packaging_and_signing.xhtml
Nokia N8(Symbian^3, 2010)
• Open Source Linux for Mobile Computers
– Based on Maemo and MobLin
– Developed by Nokia and Intel
– Hosted by the Linux Foundation
– www.meego.com
• Qt is the same on all platforms, but:
– New UI concepts for mobile devices
• Touch screen, limited screen space
– Be careful
• Network speed, roaming, battery
– More possibilities
• GPS, accelerometer, compass, haptics, multitouch
• Platform-specific knowledge
– Mainly hidden
– A few concepts shine through
• Security system (Symbian: capabilities, signing)
• Need to use native operating system APIs when Qt doesn’t provide the functionality
• You‘ll love Qt!
– Easier setup
• 1-click installation (Qt SDK)
– Hides complexity
• No descriptors, cleanup stack,
two-phase construction, active objects
– Less code, more efficiency
– Expand the reach
• Deploy your app not only to Symbian, but also to MeeGo and other platforms
Nokia 7650 (2001)Nokia’s first Symbian phone
• Expand your reach
– Reach different market segment
– Nokia: 30.8% global market share (Q4 2010, IDC)
• Porting
– Web: supported with all manufacturers
– Native apps: different programming languages
• Porting Guidelines
– http://wiki.forum.nokia.com/index.php/Porting_Mobile_Applications_to_Qt
• Keep your assets
– Reuse images, sound & music
• Screen resolution
Symbian^1 & 3640 x 360
16:9 aspect ratio
iPhone <= 3 480 x 320 3:2
iPhone 4 960 x 640 3:2
Nexus S 800 x 480 5:3
Samsung Galaxy S 800 x 480 5:3
Nokia N900 800 x 480 5:3
Engine: WebKit (latest version, great HTML 5 support)Dev. environment: Qt SDK
Engine: WebKit (earlier version, same as phone browser)Dev. environment: Aptana Studio / Nokia Web SDK
- Storage of content on the device (HTML, CSS, JavaScript, Images)- Menu icon- Access to device features
Java (parts in C++ possible)Eclipse
Objective CXcode
C++Qt SDK
Rewriting your source code is always required
Native OpenGL ES 2.0 is supported on all platforms, but steep learning curve and more effort!
• Qt SDK 1.1
– One-click installation
• IDE, toolchain, documentation,
examples
– Tech Preview out now:http://labs.qt.nokia.com/2011/01/20/qt-sdk-
1-1-technology-preview-released/
Symbian
Qt SDKworks on
Windows, Linux, Mac
Maemo
SimulatorDesktop
MeeGo(soon)
• Efficient Testing
– Quick launch
– Scripting possibilities
• Using JavaScript
– Simulate mobile environments
• Location, contacts, etc.
– Simulate phone events
• Battery, messages, etc.
– Skins for different platforms / form-factors
• Resolutions, orientation, etc.
• Widgets (QLabel, QPushButton, etc.)
– Use platform UI design
– Support style sheets
– Drag & drop UI designer
Great for desktop.
Static layouts make effects difficult.Small UI, different interaction paradigms.
• Qt Quick
– QML language and JavaScript
– Declarative syntax, animations and states integrated
– Drag & drop UI designer
Very easy to make slick, fluid UIs.Most important for mobile devices!
Ready-made UI components on their way *
* Project page: http://bugreports.qt.nokia.com/browse/QTCOMPONENTS
Widgets
Qt Quick
OpenGL
Web
Desktop App Mobile App Game
#include <QApplication>
#include <QPushLabel>
int main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
QApplication app(argc, argv);
QLabel helloLabel("Hello World");
helloLabel.setAlignment(Qt::AlignCenter);
helloLabel.showMaximized();
return app.exec();
}
import Qt 4.7
Rectangle {
width: 360
height: 360
Text {
anchors.centerIn: parent
text: "Hello World"
}
}
~ 300 lines of code,
~ 15 files
• Most cross-platform
– Design and create any custom user interface
– Same resolution: pixel precise on desktop, Symbian and MeeGo
Windows 7
Symbian^3
Simulator
Maemo / MeeGo
• Describe UI by tree structure of
property bindings
– Properties dynamically
evaluated
– Communication through
signals & slots
– Bindings to C++ code possible
– Animate properties using
states and transitions
import Qt 4.7Rectangle {
width: 200height: 200Image {
source: "QtLogo.png"anchors.centerIn: parent
} }
• Interactivity
– Interact with
mouse / touch
– Execute JavaScript in signal
handlers
import Qt 4.7Rectangle {
width: 200height: 200Image {
source: "QtLogo.png"anchors.centerIn: parent
} MouseArea {
anchors.fill: parentonClicked: parent.color = "green"
} }
• Dynamic property update
– Move image with mouse
import Qt 4.7Rectangle {
width: 200height: 200Image {
source: "QtLogo.png"x: myMouse.mouseXy: myMouse.mouseY
} MouseArea {
id: myMousehoverEnabled: trueanchors.fill: parentonClicked: parent.color = "green"
} }
Viewer on PC & mobile: Testing 100% pure QML directly
E.g., created by Flowella
Qt C++ app to load and show QML
Can include C++ for app logic
• Simplify building rich UIs with Qt Quick
– Provides widgets for Qt Quick – title bar, actions,
list items, buttons, etc.
– Styles to integrate with native look & feel
• More Info
– Open source, in development
– General info:
http://labs.qt.nokia.com/2010/09/10/building-
the-future-reintroducing-the-qt-quick-
components/
Mobility 1.0 – use now
Bearer Management APIContactsLocationMessagingMultimediaPublish and SubscribeService FrameworkSensorsSystem InformationVersit
Mobility 1.1 – develop now, deploy to Ovi Store end of Q1 2011
Camera Document GalleryFeedbackLandmarksMaps/NavigationOrganizerService Framework – Out of process
Required Qt versionnot already installed?
Download and install Qt
InstallQt App
(& SI)
http://wiki.forum.nokia.com/index.php/Nokia_Smart_Installer_for_Symbian
1. Determine the required security / privacy related features
– Most common:
2. Define the capabilities in the Qt project file (.pro)
Feature Capability
Internet access, telephony, messaging NetworkServices
Access location (GPS, etc.) Location
Camera, record audio UserEnvironment
Contacts, Calendar ReadUserData / WriteUserData
Bluetooth LocalServices
IMEI, model name, battery status ReadDeviceData
(See: wiki.forum.nokia.com/index.php/Capabilities )
symbian:TARGET.CAPABILITY += Location ReadUserData
* Qt apps are native apps; therefore, the security model of the target operating system applies.
3. Get the right certificate during development
4. Publish
Need Certified Signed capabilities?wiki.forum.nokia.com/index.php/Capabilities-> Purchase a Publisher ID ($200 / year)Submit to Certified Signed process @ www.symbiansigned.com
WindowsMac OSLinux
N900
Symbian MeeGo
Tech Preview: out now
* Remember: Qt 4.6 apps (= w/o Qt Quick) supported on the Ovi Store for Symbian since summer 2010!
S60 3.1
Symbian^3
Symbian^1S60 5.0S60 3.2
• Qt SDK
– Help, examples
• Discussion boards, wikis
– Forum Nokia: http://www.forum.nokia.com/
– Qt Developer Network: http://developer.qt.nokia.com/
• e-Learning materials
– http://qt.nokia.com/developer/learning/online/training/
– http://qt.nokia.com/services-partners/qt-in-education/qt-in-education-course-material
• Community
– http://www.qtcentre.org/
Beginning Nokia Apps Development Ray Rischpater, Daniel Zucker. Apress.Complete end-to-end story of developing for Symbian and MeeGo with Qt (Quick) and HTML 5.Status: Qt 4.7, December 2010
C++ GUI Programming with Qt 4 (2nd edition)Jasmin Blanchette, Mark Summerfield. Prentice Hall.Official book for generic Qt development (no mobile). Good for looking things up or for enhancing your knowledge, average for learning from scratch.Status: Qt 4.3, 2008
Foundations of Qt DevelopmentJohan Thelin. Apress.More in-depth and technically oriented explanation of Qt – different approach to many other books. Generic Qt, no mobile.Status: 2007
• Official accreditation for individual developers
– Confirms your development skills in Qt
– Become more attractive in the job market!
– Qt Essentials exam: 50 multiple choice questions, 60 minutes
– Coming soon: Qt Advanced exams (widgets and C++)
• Active community member?
– Be even more involved, improve your network and get rewarded!
– Forum Nokia Champion
http://www.forum.nokia.com/Community/Champions/
– Qt Ambassador
http://qt.nokia.com/qt-in-use/ambassadors/qtambassador/
• Qt is a good way to teach software development
– Instant results to motivate attendees
– Graphical tools make entry easier
– Flexible system, extensible with own libraries
– … and still standard C++!
• University support
– Free Qt course materials under Creative Commons (PPT and OpenOffice)
http://qt.nokia.com/services-partners/qt-in-education/qt-in-education-course-material
– Forum Nokia University support
http://www.forum.nokia.com/Developer_Programs/Forum_Nokia_for_universities/
• Not happy with the way something works? Found a bug?
– Submit your Qt bug report or suggestion to:
http://bugreports.qt.nokia.com/
– Unsure about what to include? The guide is here:
http://developer.qt.nokia.com/wiki/ReportingBugsInQt
– Found a bug somewhere outside of Qt?
Report it here:
http://www.forum.nokia.com/Support/
– Also go to the above URL to buy a
commercial support ticket if needed!
Want to learn more?www.forum.nokia.com/Qt
Andreas JaklSenior Technical Consultant
Forum Nokia