RN 52 Medication sheet

Student Name: Discuss all drugs the patient is on. Include all PRN drugs.

Name of Med

(trade and brand name)ClassificationDoseActionSide effectsCorrelation. Why is patient on drug?Teaching

Acetaminophen325 mg Tab (Tylenol GEq)

Antipyretic

Analgesic2 tabs

PO

Q4h

PRNInhibits the synthesis of prostaglandins that may serve as mediators of pain and fever, primarily in the CNS.Agitation

Neutropenia

Pancytopenia

Rash

UrticariaFor Mild Pain or Fever greater than 100.4 (38C)Maximum daily dose of Acetaminophen 4Gm; For stroke patient treat fever if greater than 99.6 (37.5C)

Advise patient and family to discontinue acetaminophen and notify health care professional of rash occurs.

Advise patient and family to consult health care professional if discomfort or fever is not relieved by routine doses of this drug or if fever is greater than 39.5C or last longer than 3 days.

Amiodarone 200mg Tab (Cordarone GEq)

Anti-arrhythmic2 tabs

PO

BIDProlongs action potential and refractory period. Inhibits adrenergic stimulation. Slows sinus rate, increases PR and QT intervals and decreases peripheral vascular resistance (vasodilation)Dizziness

Fatigue

Malaise

Bradycardia

Hypotension

Anorexia

Constripation

PhotosensitivityPatient has a pacemaker on her right chest.Advise patient and family to avoid drinking grapefruit juice during therapy.Teach patient and family to monitor pulse daily and report abnormalities.

Aspirin 81 mg Tab

(Aspirin)Blood thinner1 tab

PO

ODProduce analgesia and reduce inflammation and fever by inhibiting the production of prostaglandins.

Decreases platelet aggregation.

Bleeding

Dyspepsia

Epigastric distress

Nausea

Abdominal pain

Anorexia

RashPatient is undergoing dialysis. This is to prevent clots from forming.Instruct patient to chew medication.

Advise patient and family to report tinnitus, unusual bleeding of gums, bruising, black tarry stools or fever lasting longer than 3 days.

Azithromycin 500mg tab (Zithromax GEq)

Anti-infectives1 tab

PO

ODInhibits protein synthesis at the level of the 50S bacterial ribosome.Dizziness

Seizures

Drowsiness

Fatigue

Chest pain

Anemia

Abdominal pain

Diarrhea

NauseaPatient is a post op left leg amputation; this is given as a prophylaxis to avoid infection.May cause drowsiness. Caution patient and family to avoid activities requiring alertness. Advise family to not leave patient alone.

Advise patient and family to report symptoms of chest pain, palpitations, yellowing of eyes or skin or rash.

Instruct patient and family to notify health care professional if fever and diarrhea develop, especially if stool contains blood, pus or mucus. Advices not to treat without advise of health care professional.

Bisacodyl

5mg tab EC (Dulcolax GEq)Laxative2 tabs

PO

BID

PRNStimulates peristalsis. Alters fluid and electrolyte transport producing fluid accumulation in the colon.

Abdominal cramps

Nausea

Diarrhea

Hypokalemia

Muscle weaknessGiven if Milk of Magnesia is ineffective after 1 day.Advise patient and family to drink fluids to prevent dehydration.

Advise patient and family this medication is for short-term use only. Long-term use can cause electrolyte imbalances.

Carvedilol

25 mg tab (Coreg GEq)Beta Blocker1 tab

PO

BIDBlocks stimulation of beta1 (myocardial)-and beta2 (pulmonary, vascular, and uterine)-adrenergic receptor sites.

Also has alpha1-adrenergic blocking activity, which may result in more orthostatic hypotension.

Fatigue

Weakness

Anxiety

Dizziness

Insomnia

Constipation

BronchospasmWheezing

HyperglycemiaItching

Rashes

Patient has a past medical history of hypertension.May cause drowsiness. Caution patient and family to avoid activities requiring alertness. Advise family to not leave patient alone.

Caution patient and family that this medication may increase sensitivity to cold.

Advise patient and family to notify health care professional of slow pulse, difficulty breathing, wheezing, cold hands and feet, dizziness, light-headedness, confusion, depression, rash, fever, sore throat, unusual bleeding or bruising occurs.

Dextrose 50% Syringe 25Gm/ 50mL (Dextrose 50% Syringe*)Carbohydrates12.5 mL

IVP

PRNProvides caloriesFluid overload

Hypokalemia

Hypomagnesia

HyperglycemiaGiven STAT PRN for blood glucose of 41-69 mg/dL and patient responsive but not able to eat.

Explain to patient and family purpose of dextrose administration.

DiphenhydrAMINE 25mg tab (Benadryl GEq)Antihistamine1 tab

PO

Q6h

PRNAntagonizes the effects of histamine at H1-receptor sites; does not bind to or inactive histamine.

Drowsiness

Dizziness

Anorexia

Chest tightness

Photosensitivity

Hypotension

Palpitations

Given to patient if experiencing itching/PruritusMay cause drowsiness. Caution patient and family to avoid activities requiring alertness. Advise family to not leave patient alone.

May cause dry mouth. Inform patient and family that frequent oral rinses, good oral hygiene and sugarless gum or candy may minimize this effect. Notify health care professional if dry mouth persists for more than 2 wks.

Teach sleep hygiene techniques (dark room, quiet, bedtime ritual, limit daytime napping, avoidance of nicotine and caffeine) to patient to aid sleep.

Febuxostat 40mg tab (Uloric GEq)Antigout agents1 tab

PO

ODDecreases production of uric acid by inhibiting xanthine oxidase.Increase liver function test

Nausea

Rash

Gout flare

Arthralgia

Patient has a past medical history of GoutAdvise patient and family if rash, chest pain, SOB or stroke symptoms (weakness, headache, confusion, slurred speech) occur or if side effects are persistent or bothersome.

Furosemide 10 mg/mL Vial 4mL

(Lasix GEq)Diuretics4mL

IVP

BIDInhibits the reabsorption of sodium and chloride from the loop of Henle and distal renal tubule.Dizziness

Headache

Hypotension

Anorexia

Constipation

HyperglycemiaPatient is has a past medical history of ESRD.Advise patient and family members to contact health care professional of weight gain more than 3 lbs in 1 day.

Advise patient and family members to contact health care professional immediately if rash, muscle weakness, cramps, nausea, dizziness, numbness or tingling of extremities occurs.

Glucagon 1mg vial (Glucagen GEq)

Pancreatics1mg

PRNStimulates hepatic production of glucose from glycogen stores (glycogenolysis)

Hypotension

Nausea

Vomiting

Hypersensitivity reactions Give STAT IM or Subcutaneous PRN for blood glucose 0-69 mg/dL

Acute management of severe hypoglycemia; Patient blood glucose was 31 mg/dL

Teach patient and family signs and symptoms of hypoglycemia. Instruct patient to take oral glucose as soon as symptoms of hypoglycemia occur.

Instruct family to position patient on side until fully alert. Explain that glucagon may cause nausea and vomiting. Aspiration may occur if patient vomits while lying on back.

GuaiFENesin/DM 200mg/20mg/ 10mL Syrup 10mL (Robitussin DM GEAllergy, cold and cough remedies expectorant5mL

PO

Q4h

PRNReduces viscosity of tenacious secretions by increasing respiratory tract fluid.Dizziness

Headache

Nausea

Vomiting

Stomach pain

RashGiven is patient is experiencing coughInstruct patient to cough effectively. Patient should sit upright and take several deep breaths before attempting to cough.

Advise patient to limit talking, stop smoking, maintain moisture in environmental air, and take some sugarless gum or hard candy to help alleviate the discomfort caused by a chronic non productive cough.

HYDROcodone/ Acetaminophen 5mg/325 mg tab (Norco 5 GEq)Opioid agonist

non-opioid analgesic combination1 tab

PO

Q4h

PRNBind to opiate receptors in the CNS. Alter the perception of and response to painful stimuli while producing generalized CNS depression; Suppress the cough reflex via a direct central action.Confusion

Dizziness

Sedation

Hypotension

Constipation

Dyspepsia

NauseaFor Moderate painMaximum daily dose of Acetaminophen 4Gm.

May cause drowsiness. Caution patient and family to avoid activities requiring alertness. Advise family to not leave patient alone.

Advise patient to notify health care professional if pain control is not adequate or if side effects occur.

Insulin Aspart 100U/mL 3mL Pen (NovoLOG GEq)Anti diabetic

Depending on sliding scaleLowers blood glucose by stimulating glucose uptake in skeletal muscle and fat; inhibiting hepatic glucose production.Hypoglycemia

Pruritis

Erythema

SwellingGiven to patient when blood glucose is above sliding scale; Patient has a past medical history of DMExplain to patient and family that this medication controls hyperglycemia not cures it.

Instruct family and client to check first blood glucose before administration.

Magnesium Hydroxide 8% Susp 30mL (Milk of Magnesia)Laxative30 mL

PO

BedtimeEssential for the activity of many enzymes.

Play an important role in neurotransmission and muscular excitability

Diarrhea

Flushing

SweatingFor Constipation; 1st choiceAdvise patient and family that laxatives should be used only for short-term therapy. Long term may cause electrolyte imbalance and dependence.

Patient is confused. Instruct family to call for help if needed to help client use bed pan.

Metoclopramide 10mg tab (Reglan GEq)Antiemetic1 tab

PO

Before meals

TID

PRNBlocks dopamine receptors in chemoreceptor trigger zone of the CNS.

Stimulates motility of the upper GI tract and accelerates gastric emptying.

Drowsiness

Extrapyramidal reactions

Anxiety

Arrythmias

Restlessness

Constipation

Dry mouth

2nd choice if Zofran is given and ineffective after 1 hr

May cause drowsiness. Caution patient and family to avoid activities requiring alertness. Advise family to not leave patient alone.

Inform patient and family of risk of extrapyramidal symptoms, tardive dyskinesia, and neuroleptic malignant syndrome. Advise patient to notify health care professional immediately if involuntary or repetitive movements of eyes, face or limbs occur.

Metoclopramide 5mg/mL Vial 2 mL (Reglan GEq)2mL IV

Q6h

PRNPatient refuses to take oral meds; IV meds as alternative.

Mylanta/Maalox Plus Susp 30mL (GEq) (Mylanta)Antacids30mL

PO

Q4h

PRNNeutralize gastric acid following dissolution in gastric contents.

Inactive pepsin if pH is raised to >4

Constipation

Diarrhea

Given if patient is experiencing Indigestion or HeartburnCaution patient and family to consult health care professional before taking antacids for more than 2 wks if problem is recurring, if relief is not obtained, or if symptoms of gastric bleeding (black, tarry stools, coffee-ground emesis) occur.

Nitroglycerin Subl tab 0.4 mg #25 (Nitrostat GEq)Antianginals1 tab

Under the tongue

Every 5 mins

PRNIncreases coronary blood flow by dilating coronary arteries and improving collateral flow to ischemic regions.

Produces vasodilation

Reduces myocardial oxygen consumption.

Dizziness

Headache

Restlessness

Hypotension

Tachycardia

Given if patient is experiencing Chest PainHome Instruction: Not to exceed 3 doses/15 mins. If pain persists, seek medical attention.

Instruct patient and family to change position slowly to minimize orthostatic hypotension

Advise patient and family to notify health care professional if dry mouth or blurred vision occurs.

Ondasteron 2mg/mL Inj 2 mL (Zofran GEq)Antiemetic2 mL IVP

Q6h

PRNBlocks the effects of serotonin at 5-HT3-receptor sites (selective antagonist) located in vagal nerve terminals and the chemoreceptor trigger zone in the CNS.Headache

Dizziness

Drowsiness

Constipation

Diarrhea

Dry mouth

Abdominal pain1st choice. Given if patient refuses to take oral meds.Advice patient and family to notify health care professional immediately if symptoms of irregular heart beat or involuntary movement of eyes, face or limbs occur.

Ondansetron 4mg tab (Zofran GEq)1 tab PO

TID

PRN1st choice if patient is experiencing nausea and vomiting

Spironolactone 25mg tab (Aldactone GEq)Potassium Sparing Diuretic1 tab

PO

ODCauses loss of sodium bicarbonate and calcium white saving potassium and hydrogen ions by antagonizing aldosterone.Hyperkalemia

Muscle cramps

Dizziness

Clumsiness

Headache

Sedation

Patient is has a past medical history of ESRDAdvise patient and family to notify health care professional if rash, muscle weakness or cramps, fatigue or severe nausea, vomiting or diarrhea occurs.