medical tourism, a global perspective
TRANSCRIPT
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MINOR PROJECT
REPORTON
“MEDICAL TOURISM
A Global Perspective”
GUIDED B ! SUBMITTED B !
Mrs" S#A$ITA MU%UL ARORA
&'()*+&,&)'
BBA-TTM. / RD SEM
I st S#I0T
MA#ARA1A SURA1MAL INSTITUTE
RECOGNISED B UGC2 U3S '-0.
C4*2 1ANA%PURI2 NE5 DEL#I4))&&,(
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GUIDE6S CERTI0ICATE
I have the pleasure to certify that M787l Arora student of Ma9ara:a S7ra:;al I
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AC%NO5LEDGEMENT
The study as conducted 'y the assistance of several individuals% (e really appreciate
their help and here'y than! the$% (e ould li!e to give special than!s to the follo ing
people)
*irstly+ I ould li!e to than! Mrs% ,havita+ ho had supervised the study and as in
charge of the entire pro-ect% .er presence and assistant as re$ar!a'le and so I a$
grateful to her%
,econdly+ I ould li!e to than! all other people ho provided $e ith the resources toconduct $y study% Their help and assistance as very valua'le and so I ould li!e to
ac!no ledge the$ as ell%
Overall all the a'ove $entioned people had a great role in $y study% Their direct and
indirect help indeed proved to 'e help%
M/ /1 2ROR2
034&56070&3
8829TTM: I st ,EM
Ist ,.I*T
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DECLERARATION
I+ M/ /1 2ROR2+ RE; NO< 034&56070&3 882+ fro$ M2.2R2J2
,/R2JM21 IN,TIT/TE here'y declares that this pro-ect report entitled
“Me=ical To7ris;! A Global Perspective” + has 'een prepared 'y $e
during acade$ic session 930&3
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CONTENTSC9apters Partic7lars Pa>e
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C9apter4)
“INTRODUCTION”
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O$ER$IE5Touris$ is travel for recreational+ leisure+ or 'usiness purposes% The (orld Touris$
Organi ation defines tourists as people Dtraveling to and staying in places outside their
usual environ$ent for not $ore than one consecutive year for leisure+ 'usiness and other purposesD%
Touris$ has 'eco$e a popular glo'al leisure activity% 2fter slo ly recovering fro$ the
contraction resulting fro$ the lateeclaration on (orld Touris$ of &640 as Dan activity essential to the life of
nations 'ecause of its direct effects on the social+ cultural+ educational+ and econo$ic
sectors of national societies and on their international relations%D Touris$ 'rings in large
a$ounts of inco$e in pay$ent for goods and services availa'le+ accounting for ?0G of
the orld s eHports of services+ and AG of overall eHports of goods and services% It also
creates opportunities for e$ploy$ent in the service sector of the econo$y+ associated
ith touris$% These service industries include transportation services+ such as airlines+
cruise ships+ and taHica's hospitality services+ such as acco$$odations+ including hotels
and resorts and entertain$ent venues+ such as a$use$ent par!s+ casinos+ shopping
$alls+ $usic venues+ and theatres%
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Main Types of Touris$)<
• 2dventure Touris$
• 2rcheological Touris$
•
Channel .opping• Rural Touris$
• Medical Touris$
• .eritage Touris$
• ,ports Touris$
• (ildlife Touris$
• ,afari
• Music Touris$
• (ater Touris$
Me=ical to7ris; 9MT: is patient $ove$ent fro$ highly developed nations to other areasof the orld for $edical care+ usually to find treat$ent at a lo er cost% Medical touris$ isdifferent fro$ the traditional $odel of international $edical travel here patientsgenerally -ourney fro$ less developed nations to $a-or $edical centers in highly
developed countries for $edical treat$ent that is unavaila'le in their o n co$$unities%,ervices typically sought 'y travelers include elective procedures as ell as co$pleHspeciali ed surgeries such as -oint replace$ent 9!nee Khip:+cardiac surgery +dentalsurgery + andcos$etic surgeries % Individuals ith rare genetic disorders $ay travel toanother country here treat$ent of these conditions is 'etter understood% .o ever+virtually every type of health care+ including psychiatry+ alternative treat$ents+convalescent care and even 'urial services are availa'le%
Over 70 countries have identified $edical touris$ as a national industry%
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http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Surgeryhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joint_replacementhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Knee_replacementhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hip_replacementhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cardiac_surgeryhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dental_surgeryhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dental_surgeryhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cosmetic_surgeryhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Genetic_disorderhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joint_replacementhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Knee_replacementhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hip_replacementhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cardiac_surgeryhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dental_surgeryhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dental_surgeryhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cosmetic_surgeryhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Genetic_disorderhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Surgery
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ABSTRACTMedical touris$ is turning out to 'e a profita'le 'usiness opportunity for $any countries%
It is esti$ated that the general $edical touris$ $ar!et ealth is /, 50 'illion ith an
annual gro th rate of 30 percent according to the ;eneral 2gree$ent on Trade in
,ervices 9;2T,:% 2sia gradually turns out to 'e a popular destination for $edical
touris$% The paper focuses on the $edical touris$ develop$ent in 2sia 'y starting ith a
'rief description of the history and develop$ent of $edical touris$% The paper then
continues to analy e the reasons for conducting $edical touris$% The paper also
su$$ari es the Econo$ics issues of $edical services in the $a-or $edical touris$
destinations in 2sia and then further discusses the opportunities and challenges of
$edical touris$ industry%
ey ords) $edical touris$+ 2sia+ reasons for travel+ opportunity+ challenges
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LITERATURE RE$IE5The analysis of $edical touris$ in acade$ic and policy literature is generally li$ited to
t o strea$s% ,o$e studies+ such as Milstein and ,$ith 9300A:+ (achter 9300A: and Ernst
9300A:+ consider $edical touris$ fro$ the perspective of the foreign patients 9$ostly
fro$ the /nited ,tates:+ focusing particularly on issues of safety% Others+ such as Mattoo
and Rathindran 93007:+ Teh and Chu 93007:+ and Mc!insey B Co$pany 93003: that
eHa$ine the i$pact of $edical touris$ on the host econo$ies focus $ainly on the
inco$e effect% *or researches fro$ the perspective of the foreign patients+ Tse and (ilton
9&644: created a $odel in hich consu$er dissatisfaction is a function of the actual
perfor$ance regardless of consu$ersL eHpectations% This $odel is effective hen
custo$ers do not !no or do not have enough !no ledge a'out service perfor$ance+ and
only their actual eHperiences are evaluated to assess their satisfaction%
The general purpose of touris$ is supposed to 'e relaHing+ have fun+ and to increase
oneLs elluring the
Ro$anian period+ patients used to visit the ater at a ,hrine 8ath+ a practice that lives
until today 9Connell+ 300A:% Medical touris$ develops over ti$e% In &6@0+ $edical travel
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consisted of rich people ho traveled fro$ developing countries to developed ones+ li!e
the /nited ,tates+ /nited ingdo$+ and *rance+ to receive speciali ed $edical cures%
>uring this era the $ain $otivation of the $edical travel is to receive 'etter treat$ent%
The cost of those cures as eHpensive% 2t the end of &640s and early &660s+ $edical
touris$ started its develop$ent into its current for$ hen Cu'a started to pro$ote the
$edical treat$ent targeting countries such MeHico+ 2rgentina and Chili 9,o'o+ 3006:%
Cu'a is considered one of the first countries to $a!e a huge transfor$ation in the idea of
$edical travel 'y providing a ide set of afforda'le $edical services% >uring the period
&66@
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Ob:ectives o? t9e st7=@
• ;athering infor$ation a'out Medical Touris$%
• To eHplain the role of Medical Touris$ in ;lo'al Econo$y %• no ing top treat$ents for hich people go a'road and their top treat$ents%
• ;etting to !no Medical Touris$ 2ssociation%
• Preparing Cost co$parison charts%
Researc9 Met9o=olo>@Mar!eting research is a syste$atic gathering+ recording and analysis of data% >uring the
course of conducting the study the infor$ation as gathered through Seco
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• Mar!et research on $y topic as not possi'le%
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C9apter '4
“PRO0ILE”
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MEDICAL TOURISMThe concept of $edical touris$ is not a ne one% The first recorded instance of $edical
touris$ dates 'ac! thousands of years to hen ;ree! pilgri$s traveled fro$ all over the
Mediterranean to the s$all territory in the ,aronic ;ulf called Epidauria% This territoryas the sanctuary of the healing god 2s!lepios% Epidauria 'eca$e the original travel
destination for $edical touris$%
,pa to ns and sanitariu$s $ay 'e considered an early for$ of $edical touris$% In
eighteenth century England+ for eHa$ple+ patients visited spas 'ecause they ere places
ith supposedly health
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2dditionally+ patients are finding that insurance either does not cover orthopedic surgery
9such as !neeKhip replace$ent: or i$poses unreasona'le restrictions on the choice of the
facility+ surgeon+ or prosthetics to 'e used%
Medical touris$ for !neeK hip replace$ents has e$erged as one of the $ore idely
accepted procedures 'ecause of the lo er cost and $ini$al difficulties associated ith
the traveling toKfro$ the surgery%
Colo$'ia provides a !nee replace$ent for a'out 7+000 /,>+ including all associated
fees+ such as *>2aily)
Popular $edical travel orld ide destinations include) 2rgentina+ 8runei+ Cu'a+Colo$'ia+ Costa Rica+ .ong ong+ .ungary+ India+ Jordan+ 1ithuania+ Malaysia+ The
Philippines+ ,ingapore+ ,outh 2frica+ Thailand+ and recently+ ,audi 2ra'ia+ /2E+ ,outh
orea+ Tunisia and Ne ealand%
2 speciali ed su'set of $edical touris$ is reproductive touris$ and reproductive
outsourcing+ hich is the practice of traveling a'road to undergo in
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the $edical touris$ $ar!et share in 2sia in 3004+ Thailand provided $edical services for
as $any as &%5 $illion foreign patients+ including $edical tourists+ general tourists and
foreigners or!ing or living in Thailand or its neigh'oring countries% If e assu$e that
a'out ?0G of all foreign patients that year ere $edical tourists a conservative figure
'y co$parison ith the 8oston Consulting ;roupLs esti$ate of 70G in 300A 5 the total
nu$'er ould have 'een a'out 530000% This as $ore than in ,ingapore+ for$erly
reputed to 'e the leading 2sian $edical tourist destination and the "$edical hu' of 2sia#%
2lthough $edical tourists are still a s$all fraction of the &%7 $illion foreigners ho
receive $edical care in Thailand+ they are the tourist group $ost li!ely to affect the
country in a $a-or ay% /nli!e general tourists and eHpatriates+ $edical tourists are
increasing at a rapid pace fro$ al$ost none to 570000 a year in less than a decade%
Moreover+ $edical tourists tend to see! $ore intensive and costly treat$ents than other foreign patients+ as a result of hich their effect on the country is $ore profound%
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http://www.who.int/bulletin/volumes/89/5/09-072249/en/#R4http://www.who.int/bulletin/volumes/89/5/09-072249/en/#R4
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TOP TREATMENTS 0OR 5#IC# PEOPLE GO
ABROAD
• Infertility 9I=*:• Plastic surgery• Cos$etic dentistry• 1aser eye surgery• Organ transplant• Orthopedic surgery• .air transplantation• (eight loss surgery• .eart surgery
AILMENTS TOP DESTINATIONS TOP TREATMENTS
I
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• ;er$any
• , it erland
• Nigeria
• /nited ingdo$• ,pain
• /,2
• MeHico
• Colo$'ia
• 2rgentina
• Pana$aPlastic S7r>er@ • India
• /nited 2ra' E$irates
• Thailand
• ,ingapore
• Malaysia
• 1e'anon
• Tur!ey
• Cyprus
• Philippines
• ,outh orea
• 8ulgaria
• 1ithuania
• .ungary
• Tunisia
• 8elgiu$
• /nited ingdo$
• ,pain
• 8reast I$plants
• Tu$$y Tuc!
• *acelift
• Nose ,urgery
• 1iposuction
• 8uttoc! 1ift
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http://www.visitandcare.com/ivf/germanyhttp://www.visitandcare.com/ivf/switzerlandhttp://www.visitandcare.com/ivf/nigeriahttp://www.visitandcare.com/ivf/united-kingdomhttp://www.visitandcare.com/ivf/spainhttp://www.visitandcare.com/ivf/usahttp://www.visitandcare.com/ivf/mexicohttp://www.visitandcare.com/ivf/colombiahttp://www.visitandcare.com/ivf/argentinahttp://www.visitandcare.com/ivf/panamahttp://www.visitandcare.com/plastic-surgery/indiahttp://www.visitandcare.com/plastic-surgery/united-arab-emirateshttp://www.visitandcare.com/plastic-surgery/thailandhttp://www.visitandcare.com/plastic-surgery/singaporehttp://www.visitandcare.com/plastic-surgery/malaysiahttp://www.visitandcare.com/plastic-surgery/lebanonhttp://www.visitandcare.com/plastic-surgery/turkeyhttp://www.visitandcare.com/plastic-surgery/cyprushttp://www.visitandcare.com/plastic-surgery/philippineshttp://www.visitandcare.com/plastic-surgery/south-koreahttp://www.visitandcare.com/plastic-surgery/bulgariahttp://www.visitandcare.com/plastic-surgery/lithuaniahttp://www.visitandcare.com/plastic-surgery/hungaryhttp://www.visitandcare.com/plastic-surgery/tunisiahttp://www.visitandcare.com/plastic-surgery/belgiumhttp://www.visitandcare.com/plastic-surgery/united-kingdomhttp://www.visitandcare.com/plastic-surgery/spainhttp://www.visitandcare.com/plastic-surgery/breast-implantshttp://www.visitandcare.com/plastic-surgery/tummy-tuckhttp://www.visitandcare.com/plastic-surgery/facelifthttp://www.visitandcare.com/plastic-surgery/nose-surgeryhttp://www.visitandcare.com/plastic-surgery/liposuctionhttp://www.visitandcare.com/plastic-surgery/buttock-lifthttp://www.visitandcare.com/ivf/germanyhttp://www.visitandcare.com/ivf/switzerlandhttp://www.visitandcare.com/ivf/nigeriahttp://www.visitandcare.com/ivf/united-kingdomhttp://www.visitandcare.com/ivf/spainhttp://www.visitandcare.com/ivf/usahttp://www.visitandcare.com/ivf/mexicohttp://www.visitandcare.com/ivf/colombiahttp://www.visitandcare.com/ivf/argentinahttp://www.visitandcare.com/ivf/panamahttp://www.visitandcare.com/plastic-surgery/indiahttp://www.visitandcare.com/plastic-surgery/united-arab-emirateshttp://www.visitandcare.com/plastic-surgery/thailandhttp://www.visitandcare.com/plastic-surgery/singaporehttp://www.visitandcare.com/plastic-surgery/malaysiahttp://www.visitandcare.com/plastic-surgery/lebanonhttp://www.visitandcare.com/plastic-surgery/turkeyhttp://www.visitandcare.com/plastic-surgery/cyprushttp://www.visitandcare.com/plastic-surgery/philippineshttp://www.visitandcare.com/plastic-surgery/south-koreahttp://www.visitandcare.com/plastic-surgery/bulgariahttp://www.visitandcare.com/plastic-surgery/lithuaniahttp://www.visitandcare.com/plastic-surgery/hungaryhttp://www.visitandcare.com/plastic-surgery/tunisiahttp://www.visitandcare.com/plastic-surgery/belgiumhttp://www.visitandcare.com/plastic-surgery/united-kingdomhttp://www.visitandcare.com/plastic-surgery/spainhttp://www.visitandcare.com/plastic-surgery/breast-implantshttp://www.visitandcare.com/plastic-surgery/tummy-tuckhttp://www.visitandcare.com/plastic-surgery/facelifthttp://www.visitandcare.com/plastic-surgery/nose-surgeryhttp://www.visitandcare.com/plastic-surgery/liposuctionhttp://www.visitandcare.com/plastic-surgery/buttock-lift
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• Morocco
• >o$inican Repu'lic
• 8ra il
• MeHico• Colo$'ia
• 2rgentina
• Pana$aCos;etic Deo$inican Repu'lic
• MeHico
• >ental I$plants
• >ental Cro ns
• >ental =eneers
• >entures• >ental 8ridges
• 8one ;raft
Laser E@e S7r>er@ • Tur!ey
• ;er$any
• 1asi!
• Cataracts ,urgery
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http://www.visitandcare.com/plastic-surgery/moroccohttp://www.visitandcare.com/plastic-surgery/dominican-republichttp://www.visitandcare.com/plastic-surgery/brazilhttp://www.visitandcare.com/plastic-surgery/mexicohttp://www.visitandcare.com/plastic-surgery/colombiahttp://www.visitandcare.com/plastic-surgery/argentinahttp://www.visitandcare.com/plastic-surgery/panamahttp://www.visitandcare.com/dentists/omanhttp://www.visitandcare.com/dentists/united-arab-emirateshttp://www.visitandcare.com/dentists/thailandhttp://www.visitandcare.com/dentists/lebanonhttp://www.visitandcare.com/dentists/turkeyhttp://www.visitandcare.com/dentists/cyprushttp://www.visitandcare.com/dentists/egypthttp://www.visitandcare.com/dentists/philippineshttp://www.visitandcare.com/dentists/bulgariahttp://www.visitandcare.com/dentists/romaniahttp://www.visitandcare.com/dentists/greecehttp://www.visitandcare.com/dentists/hungaryhttp://www.visitandcare.com/dentists/croatiahttp://www.visitandcare.com/dentists/maltahttp://www.visitandcare.com/dentists/tunisiahttp://www.visitandcare.com/dentists/spainhttp://www.visitandcare.com/dentists/moroccohttp://www.visitandcare.com/dentists/dominican-republichttp://www.visitandcare.com/dentists/mexicohttp://www.visitandcare.com/dentists/dental-implantshttp://www.visitandcare.com/dentists/dental-crownshttp://www.visitandcare.com/dentists/dental-veneershttp://www.visitandcare.com/dentists/dentureshttp://www.visitandcare.com/dentists/dental-bridgeshttp://www.visitandcare.com/dentists/bone-grafthttp://www.visitandcare.com/laser-eye-surgery/turkeyhttp://www.visitandcare.com/laser-eye-surgery/germanyhttp://www.visitandcare.com/laser-eye-surgery/lasikhttp://www.visitandcare.com/laser-eye-surgery/cataract-surgeryhttp://www.visitandcare.com/plastic-surgery/moroccohttp://www.visitandcare.com/plastic-surgery/dominican-republichttp://www.visitandcare.com/plastic-surgery/brazilhttp://www.visitandcare.com/plastic-surgery/mexicohttp://www.visitandcare.com/plastic-surgery/colombiahttp://www.visitandcare.com/plastic-surgery/argentinahttp://www.visitandcare.com/plastic-surgery/panamahttp://www.visitandcare.com/dentists/omanhttp://www.visitandcare.com/dentists/united-arab-emirateshttp://www.visitandcare.com/dentists/thailandhttp://www.visitandcare.com/dentists/lebanonhttp://www.visitandcare.com/dentists/turkeyhttp://www.visitandcare.com/dentists/cyprushttp://www.visitandcare.com/dentists/egypthttp://www.visitandcare.com/dentists/philippineshttp://www.visitandcare.com/dentists/bulgariahttp://www.visitandcare.com/dentists/romaniahttp://www.visitandcare.com/dentists/greecehttp://www.visitandcare.com/dentists/hungaryhttp://www.visitandcare.com/dentists/croatiahttp://www.visitandcare.com/dentists/maltahttp://www.visitandcare.com/dentists/tunisiahttp://www.visitandcare.com/dentists/spainhttp://www.visitandcare.com/dentists/moroccohttp://www.visitandcare.com/dentists/dominican-republichttp://www.visitandcare.com/dentists/mexicohttp://www.visitandcare.com/dentists/dental-implantshttp://www.visitandcare.com/dentists/dental-crownshttp://www.visitandcare.com/dentists/dental-veneershttp://www.visitandcare.com/dentists/dentureshttp://www.visitandcare.com/dentists/dental-bridgeshttp://www.visitandcare.com/dentists/bone-grafthttp://www.visitandcare.com/laser-eye-surgery/turkeyhttp://www.visitandcare.com/laser-eye-surgery/germanyhttp://www.visitandcare.com/laser-eye-surgery/lasikhttp://www.visitandcare.com/laser-eye-surgery/cataract-surgery
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• Tunisia
• /nited ingdo$
• ,pain
• MeHico
• Cornea Transplant
• Intralase (avefront
• >etached Retina ,urgery
• Intralase 1asi!
Or>a< Traer@ • Tur!ey
• >o$inican Repu'lic
• MeHico
• ;astric 8ypass ,urgery
9;8P:
• ;astric 8alloon
• ;astric 8anding
• 1ap 8and *ills
• ,leeve ;astrecto$y
• >uodenal , itch
#eart S7r>er@ • Tur!ey
• /,2
• MeHico
• Coronary 2ngiography
• 2ngioplasty PTC2
• 2ngioplasty PTC2 (ith
Intracoronary
• 2ortic =alve ,urgery
• Pace$a!er ,urgery
• .eart 8ypass ,urgery
Ort9ope=ic S7r>er@ • India • .ip Replace$ent
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• /nited 2ra' E$irates
• Tur!ey
• 8ulgaria
• Tunisia• ,pain
• MeHico
• nee Replace$ent
• .ip Resurfacing
• Carpal Tunnel ,urgery
• El'o 2nthroscopy• .and 2nthroscopy
#air Tra
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MEDICAL TOURISM AND GLOBAL ECONOM
Every year+ a'out @ $illion people gra' their passports and fly a'road loo!ing for uality+
afforda'le $edical care Q everything fro$ dental or! to eight
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I
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The Medical Touris$ 2ssociation is a ;lo'al Non
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The Medical Touris$ 2ssociationS see!s to provide transparency in 'oth uality of care
and pricing% Every day e see $ore and $ore that the glo'ali ation of healthcare has
created a very flat orld% (e eHchange technology+ infor$ation+ co$$unication+
physicians and patients% In order to ensure patient safety+ it is our goal to create a
transparency a'out the uality of healthcare that can 'e found in each country% (ith this+
it is increasingly i$portant to create a transparency in pricing as ell so patients traveling
overseas for care can 'e sure of hat they are receiving ithout hidden costs or
unforeseen eHpenses% The Medical Touris$ 2ssociationS is also or!ing on the uality
of Care Pro-ect+ hich ill change the ay e loo! at the reporting of glo'al healthcare
statistics and the uality of care availa'le at hospitals around the orld%
Co;;7
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insurance co$panies continue to incorporate glo'al healthcare and $edical touris$
options into their 'enefit plans and do$estic healthcare providers are re uired to treat
patients for aftercare hen patients return to their ho$e country+ education is re uired to
acco$plish this sea$lessly% The Medical Touris$ 2ssociationS strives to provide
education to anyone ith any interest in this industry using various $eans) the $edia+
conferences+ and through the Medical Touris$ Maga ine and .ealth Touris$ Maga ine%
The Medical Touris$ Maga ine and the .ealth Touris$ Maga ine are 'i
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No
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Many people 'elieve $edical touris$ is a ne pheno$enon% This is -ust not true% People
have 'een traveling outside of their 'orders for decades% The potential for this gro ing
trend to ards glo'ali ation is not designed to i$prove -ust the private sector% Raising the
uality of care internationally in the private sector can have eHtre$ely positive effects on
the pu'lic sector as ell% The Medical Touris$ 2ssociationS connects hospitals and
countries ith accreditation syste$s $a!ing the highest level of technology and
healthcare infor$ation availa'le to people fro$ around the orld in 'oth the private and
pu'lic sector%
T9e Me=ical To7ris; Associatio< 9as o??ices i< t9e ?ollo i
locatiou'ai+ /nited 2ra' E$irates
• ,outh orea
• 2rgentina
• ;reece
• China
• 8ra il
• Tur!ey
• Costa Rica
• 2 er'ai-an
• 8er$uda
• Israel
Top )& Co7
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• Costa Rica
• .ungary
• India
•
Malaysia• MeHico
• ,ingapore
• ,outh orea
• Thailand
• Tur!ey
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MEDICAL TOURISM IN BRAFILTourists traveling for $edical reasons spend 'et een 50 and A0 'illion dollars a yearQ
and the $ar!et is gro ing around 30 percent a year% 8ra il receives a'out 70 thousand
$edical travelers a year fro$ different parts of the orldQ$ostly fro$ neigh'oring1atin 2$erican countries li!e Ecuador+ 8olivia and /ruguay and $ostly for cos$etic
surgery%
Reporter) "*oreign patients ho co$e to 8ra il for treat$ent can 'e roughly divided into
t o groups% There are those fro$ rich countries $ainly Europeans and North
2$ericans ho co$e here 'ecause $edical procedures are cheaper and there are those
fro$ poor and developing nations+ fro$ 1atin 2$erica and 2frica+ ho co$e 'ecause of
the top uality hospitals that eHist here for those ho can pay%#
Currently 8ra il has 37 hospitals accredited 'y the Joint Co$$ission InternationalQan
organi ation that certifies the uality of $edical services orld ide% ,Uo Paulo is the
$ost sought after destination%
8ernardo Ignarra+ ,Uo Paulo Turis$o ,%2%+ said+ "(e have an occupancy rate 'et een
40G and &00G in the eight JCI accredited hospitals of ,Uo Paulo% ,o this is actually
so$ething that has to 'e sorted this health syste$ needs to 'e eHpanded if e are to
gro in $edical touris$% 8ut e no these hospitals are planning to invest a'out one
'illion dollars over the neHt t o years to eHpand their facilities and services%#
8ra il is still far fro$ a'le to provide uality health care for $ost of its people+ 'ut in yet
another re$inder of this countryLs star! inco$e ine uality+ 8ra il has 'eco$e a popular
destination for ealthy foreigners loo!ing for good $edical services%
Medical touris$ 9MT: is patient $ove$ent fro$ highly developed nations to other areas
of the orld for $edical care+ usually to find treat$ent at a lo er cost% Medical touris$ is
different fro$ the traditional $odel of international $edical travel here patients
generally -ourney fro$ less developed nations to $a-or $edical centers in highlydeveloped countries for $edical treat$ent that is unavaila'le in their o n co$$unities%
,ervices typically sought 'y travelers include elective procedures as ell as co$pleH
speciali ed surgeries such as -oint replace$ent 9!nee Khip:+cardiac surgery + dental
surgery + andcos$etic surgeries % Individuals ith rare genetic disorders $ay travel to
another country here treat$ent of these conditions is 'etter understood% .o ever+
?& | P a g e
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joint_replacementhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Knee_replacementhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hip_replacementhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cardiac_surgeryhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dental_surgeryhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dental_surgeryhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cosmetic_surgeryhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Genetic_disorderhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joint_replacementhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Knee_replacementhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hip_replacementhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cardiac_surgeryhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dental_surgeryhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dental_surgeryhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cosmetic_surgeryhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Genetic_disorder
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virtually every type of health care+ including psychiatry+ alternative treat$ents+
convalescent care and even 'urial services are availa'le% Over 70 countries have
identified $edical touris$ as a national industry
COSMETIC SURGER TOURISM IN BRAFIL
8ra il has the du'ious honor of 'eing the only country in the orld to have a cos$etic
surgery procedure na$ed after it% The V8ra ilian 8utt 1iftL involves lifting and reshaping
the 'uttoc!s+ often 'y suc!ing out fat fro$ around the a'do$en+ flan! and 'ac! areas and
in-ecting it 'ac! into the 'uttoc!s to create fir$er+ $ore volu$inous chee!s !no n as a
"'u''le 'utt%#
Cos$etic surgery in progress+ photo courtesy of Michael 8oec!le at Cos$etic =acations%
Plastic surgery is a $ulti
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*igures suggest that cos$etic surgery tourists in 8ra il can $a!e savings of 'et een
thirty and fifty percent off prices in the /%,% for the sa$e procedures% One o$an said+ "I
could never afford all the procedures I ant done 'ac! ho$e in the ,tates+ 'ut seeing the
prices here gives $e hope%#
.o ever+ price is not the only $otivator she continues+ "(hat $a!es 8ra il stand out
fro$ the cro d is its reputation hen I first ca$e here I as orried a'out hether or
not to 'ring sterile needlesW 8ut even though itLs a developing country+ they have great
facilities and so$e a$a ing surgeons%#
The >o!tor >ay .ospital+ a specialised plastic surgery facility in 8arra+
photo courtesy of Michael 8oec!le at Cos$etic =acations%
In fact+ 8ra il is second only to the /%,% in ter$s of the proliferation of registered plastic
surgeons and the country has produced a nu$'er of orld authorities in the field+ a$ong
the$ octogenarian Professor Ivo Pitanguy % The godfather of 8ra ilian plastic surgery and
a household na$e in 8ra il+ his client list includes ,ophia 1oren and ;ina 1ollo'rigida%
,tatistics indicate that around 70+000 foreigners co$e to 8ra il each year for $edical
touris$+ $any in search of a ne face or 'ody% 2n increasing nu$'er of outfitters are
offering foreigners the chance to co$'ine going under the !nife ith a 'rea! a ay fro$
ho$e+ e$phasi ing the lo er prices+ tropical cli$ate+ and the lure of post
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.o ever+ for those of us ho$ travel plans stop short of going under the !nife+ Pello
Menos offers a s$orgas'ord of aHing options at eight different salons in the ona ,ul
here you can eHperience so$ething of the pain and transfor$ation of a $edical
vacation ithout the per$anency and frightening side
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MEDICAL TOURISM IN COSTA RICARising healthcare costs in the &640s and &660s lead patients to loo! overseas for $ore
afforda'le options% The close proHi$ity and high standard of care in Costa Rica 'egan to
attract $edical tourists+ especially for dental or!% >uring this period+ 2$ericans 'egantraveling to Central 2$erica to get dental or! that as not covered 'y their insurance or
that they could not afford%
Costa RicaLs $edical touris$ industry continued to gro % Today+ Costa Rica is one of the
$ost relia'le+ afforda'le and efficient countries for $edical procedures% In 30&&+ ,an
JosX+ the capital of Costa Rica+ registered 5A+5@5 foreign patients% The nu$'er of $edical
tourists in Costa Rica is eHpected to continue rising% Nearly one< uarter of 2$ericans
no have passports and flights to Central 2$erica are $ore afforda'le than ever%
Costa Rica has high< uality doctors and dentists+ $any of ho$ ere trained in the /%,%
and are fluent in English% 2lthough there are dentists and doctors throughout Costa Rica+
the $a-ority of procedures are carried out in ,an JosX% ,an JosX has the countryLs 'est
clinics and hospitals+ including the CIM2+ CatYlica and 8Z'lica hospitals%
The doctors on sites li!e .uli.ealth a service that allo s you to search for+ revie and
'oo! doctors online are 'oard certified and reco$$ended 'y top specialists% This
allo s potential patients to 'e confident that they ill receive superior care%
T PES O0 PROCEDURES
*ro$ dental or! to cos$etic surgery+ there is a ide range of $edical procedures
offered in Costa Rica% (eLve 'oiled do n so$e of the $ost co$$on and listed the$
here%
The specialties $ost sought 'y $edical tourists include dentistry 953G:+ gynecology
933G:+ preventive $edicine 9&AG:+ plastic surgery 9&0G:+ orthopedics+ and 'ariatrics%
Other specialties include general surgery and der$atology%
The follo ing list co$piles the $ost co$$on specialties and procedures%
>entists) i$plants+ cro ns+ veneers+ 'ridges+ dentures
Plastic surgeons) plastic surgery+ reconstructive surgery
;eneral surgeons) gastric 'ypass+ gastric sleeve
?7 | P a g e
http://www.hulihealth.com/http://www.hulihealth.com/
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Orthopedic surgeons) hip+ !nee+ and shoulder replace$ents
>er$atologists) laser re$ovals+ 8otoH
Costa RicaLs doctors and dentists offer a nu$'er of other procedures%
SA$INGS AND COSTS
One of the 'est things a'out traveling to Costa Rica for $edical care is that you save
$oney ithout cutting uality% On average+ $edical tourists save 50
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In addition to saving $oney+ there are other advantages that $edical tourists should
consider%
AD$ANTAGES
The second ord in the phrase "$edical touris$# is i$portant% Traveling to Costa Ricafor a $edical procedure also allo s you to eHplore a foreign land% Costa Rica is a vi'rant
country that dra s people fro$ around the orld% They co$e to hi!e in its rainforests+
lounge along its 'eaches+ and relaH in its hot springs% It is also a place ith $ore
'iodiversity than $ost every here on EarthQduring your ti$e here+ you $ay spot
$on!eys hanging fro$ trees or herons al!ing through estuaries%
Costa Ricans+ !no n locally as ticos+ are friendly and approacha'le% They elco$e
visitors ith a s$ile and are !eenly interested in sho ing travelers their country% If
youLve never practiced ,panish outside a classroo$+ this is a good place to start% The
people are patient and helpful ith those ho atte$pt to spea! their language%
2side fro$ the natural and cultural attractions of Costa Rica+ the country has top in revenue
that year% Needless to say+ this is a huge 'oon to the Costa Rican econo$y% Considering
the countryLs s$all si e+ $edical touris$ can have a idespread i$pact% The added
revenue helps 'uild 'etter $edical facilities and increases the funding for pu'lic services
li!e schools and hospitals%
2nother 'enefit of $edical touris$ for Costa Rica is a pheno$enon that so$e have
ter$ed the "reverse 'rain drain%# This phrase refers to doctors and dentists ho are
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trained at universities in the /%,% or Canada and return ho$e to open a practice and
educate their peers%
MEDICAL TOURISM IN #UNGAR
.ungarian Touris$ pro$otes $edical touris$
.ungarian Touris$ plc is no actively pro$oting $edical touris$ glo'ally+ 'ut targeted
$ostly at (estern Europe%
.ungary is one of the flagship countries of European $edical touris$% 2 uarter of all
$edical students at .ungarian universities co$e fro$ a'road+ and $any .ungarian
specialists teach and practice internationally% The $ain reasons for .ungary s leading role
in European $edical touris$ are long eHperience and practice in the international $ar!et%
The success story 'egan in the eighties+ hen .ungary as a popular destination for
;er$an and 2ustrian patients see!ing top< uality dentistry and dental prosthetic services
of , iss standards% ,ince .ungary -oined the European /nion+ $edical touris$ has
'eco$e $ore varied and $ore international%
The cost of treat$ent is 'et een 50G and @0G of the cost in the / + /,2 and
,candinavian countries% The $ost popular treat$ents and procedures for international
patients are dentistry+ cos$etic surgery+ orthopaedic surgery+ cardiac reha'ilitation+
fertility treat$ent+ der$atology+ anti
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treat$ent+ and $ore%
It is not forgetting the i$portant and historic spa+ ellness and health touris$ angle too%
1in!ing ith $edical touris$+ it is pro$oting $edical spas%
.ungary has $ore $edical spas than any here in Europe+ 2 $edical spa uses ater rich
in $inerals that $edical tests clearly sho has health 'enefits% Ther$al ater is any
naturally occurring spring that e$erges at a te$perature eHceeding ?0[C% 8alneotherapy
is the treat$ent of a $edical condition ith ater fro$ a $edicinal spring particularly
ater ith high concentrations of dissolved $inerals and sedi$ent% 8alneotherapy is
co$'ined ith physiotherapy+ electrotherapy and therapeutic $assage% This is
co$ple$ented 'y related treat$ents+ including drin!ing cures and inhalation%
8udapest is a spa capital+ and there are $any type of spas fro$ historic Tur!ish andRo$an to $edical and party spas% The country sits on one of the richest geother$al and
$edicinal ater resources in the orld% .ungarian springs have supported a 'athing
culture dating 'ac! to Ro$an ti$es%
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MEDICAL TOURISM IN INDIA2ccording to the Confederation of Indian Industries 9CII:+ India is uni ue as it offers
holistic $edicinal services% (ith yoga+ $editation+ ayurveda+ allopathy+ and other
syste$s of $edicines+ India offers a uni ue 'as!et of services to an individual that is
difficult to $atch 'y other countries+ says CII% 2lso+ clinical outco$es in India are at par
ith the orldLs 'est centres+ 'esides having internationally ualified and eHperienced
specialists% ,tatistics suggest that the $edical touris$ industry in India is orth ???
$illion 9Rs &+570 Crore: hile a study 'y CII
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Indian phar$aceuticals $eet the stringent re uire$ents of the /%,% *ood and >rug
2d$inistration% 2dditionally+ IndiaLs uality of care is up to 2$erican standards+ and
so$e Indian $edical centres even provide services that are unco$$on else here%
Earlier this $onth+ the insurance co$pany (ell Point announced a progra$ that ill
allo e$ployees of a (isconsin printing co$pany to get coverage for non
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#ealt9 Re>7latio< O? B7rea7 O? I;;i>ratio<
(A) For entry into India:-
2ny person+ *oreigner or Indian+ 9eHcluding infants 'elo siH $onths: arriving 'y air orsea ithout a vaccination certificate of yello fever ill 'e !ept in uarantine isolation
for a period up to A days if )• .e arrives in India ithin A days of departureKtransit fro$ a yello fever ende$ic
area%• .as co$e on a ship hich has started fro$ or transited at any port in a yello
fever ende$ic country ithin ?0 days of its arrival in India provided such ship has
not 'een disinfected in accordance ith the procedure laid do n 'y (.O%(B) For leaving India:-
There is no health chec! re uire$ent 'y Indian ;overn$ent on passengers leaving India%
Persons leaving for a yello fever infected area are advised in their o n interest to get
the$selves vaccinated and to 'e possession of valid yello fever vaccination certificates
'efore they leave the country%
2n ad$inistrative 2rrange$ent for the health control of sea+ air and land traffic eHists
'et een the ;overn$ent of India and the ;overn$ent of 8angladesh% It i$plies that +if
any aircraft or ship or land traffic fro$ a third country arrives first at any airport or port
or 'order chec! post in either of the agree$ent countries and then directly 9 ithout
touching any other third country enroute: reaches the second country of the agree$ent+
all health chec!s ill 'e co$pleted in the country of first arrival and the travellers ill 'e
eHe$pted fro$ any further health chec! on arrival in the second country%
Perso
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• Cre and passengers of an aircraft transiting through an airport located in yello
fever infected area provided the .ealth Officer is satisfied that such persons
re$ained ithin the airport pre$ises during the period of stay%
Co7ar=e= as @ello ?ever i
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MEDICAL TOURISM IN MALA SIAThe Malaysian touris$ industry is a vi'rant one% The Malaysian govern$ent through its
Ministry of Touris$ Malaysia oversees touris$ policies and touris$
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National or International 'ody recogni ed 'ythe International ,ociety for uality in
.ealthcare 9I, ua:%
The list of the participating hospitals and detailed criteria is posted on the MO. e'site%
The nu$'er of specialist hospitals and clinics has increased in Malaysia offering a great
variety of treat$ents including cos$etic and reconstructive surgery+ dialysis and
Nephrology+ fertility treat$ents and speciali ed $edical pac!ages for $en and o$en
-ust to $ention a fe %
These have resulted in increasing visitors arriving Malaysia for treat$ents% 2ccording to
>eloitte Medical Touris$ report 3004+ healthcare cost can 'e as lo as 37G of cost of
e uivalent treat$ent in the /nited ,tates of 2$erica%
Other favora'le ena'lers for health touris$ in Malaysia include favora'le eHchange rates+
$ulticultural and $ultiracial society+ ide range of tourist attractions and orld
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This has huge i$plication for students of various disciplines such as $edicine+
nursing+ hospitality and touris$ $anage$ent and other $edical
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MEDICAL TOURISM IN ME ICOMeHico has $ore than a do en destinations speciali ed in $edical touris$+ here
touristic providers -oin $edical care of the highest uality to $eet the fields of oncology+
orthopedics+ cardiology+ general surgery+ plastic surgery and gastroenterology% The International Joint Co$$ission has accredited @ hospitals in our country% In turn+ the
*ederal Ministry of .ealth has provided certification for &07 hospitals+ 64 of hich are
e uivalent to international standards%
Medical Touris$ in MeHico is staffed 'y highly ualified doctors and nurses to provide
care and service ith orld ide uality through an eHtensive infrastructure ith cutting<
edge $edical technology%
Medical chec!ups+ preventive care+ speciali ed surgery and the recovery process of our
tourists+ are pro$oted and $onitored ith ar$th and professionalis$ of our service
during your entire trip+ $a!ing your stay co$forta'le and safe in our country% To
co$plete the process in opti$al conditions+ e have the 'est conditions for total
recovery) different cli$ates 'y region+ fro$ ar$ to te$perate+ ith healthy and
regulated environ$ents+ hotels and touristic destinations internationally recogni ed for its
diversity and appeal%
2t first glance+ Medical Touris$ and healthcare in MeHico $ight see$ li!e a si$ilar
$odel to the /nited ,tates% In the MeHican healthcare syste$+ private insurance is
availa'le to those ho can afford it+ hile the govern$ent ta!es certain steps to su'sidi e
healthcare for those citi ens ho are too poor to afford any co$prehensive healthcare of
their o n%
.o ever+ the si$ilarities end there% (hile 2$erican health care is undou'tedly one of
the orldLs $ost eHpensive+ healthcare in MeHico is ildly cheap in co$parison and as a
result Medical Touris$ in MeHico has 'een increasing for years and is a 'oo$ing gro thindustry for MeHico%
8ut this cheapness doesnLt under$ine the uality of healthcare in MeHico in fact+ several
orld health organi ations have rated the healthcare syste$ in MeHico as eHcellent+ ith
$any California policies even re uiring patients to undergo specific health procedures in
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MeHico+ here healthcare is cheaper and prescription $edications are -ust pennies on the
dollar%
2dditionally+ the pu'lic healthcare syste$ in MeHico rivals that of those found in
European countries li!e England and , it erland% The MeHican constitution guarantees
that all citi ens have the right to healthcare+ and the federal govern$ent su'sidi es all or
so$e of the costs of healthcare+ depending on the e$ploy$ent status of the patient in
uestion%
2s you can see+ despite hat so$e $ay thin!+ healthcare in MeHico is a$ong the 'est in
the orld% In this article+ eLll eHplore ho this eHtraordinary co$$it$ent to healthcare
ca$e a'out+ and ho 'oth pu'lic and private healthcare in MeHico operates today%
T#E #ISTOR O0 #EALT#CARE IN ME ICO
No eHa$ination of healthcare in MeHico ould 'e co$plete ithout a co$prehensive
loo! as to ho this uni ue syste$ ca$e a'out% MeHican healthcare first started in the late
&@00s+ hen the first hospital as founded in ;uadala-ara in &@6&% The institution is no
a (orld .eritage ,ite+ and also 'oasts so$e of the 'est researchers and $edical
practitioners in all of MeHico%
2dditionally+ this institution is the largest of its !ind in MeHico and in all of 1atin
2$erica+ hich is an i$pressive feat considering that the hospital -ust cele'rated its
300th 'irthday only t enty years ago%
(hile the rest of the orld as !nee
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policies that allo ed it to su'sidi e healthcare for all MeHican citi ens% This $eant that
citi ens ho could not afford access to MeHican private insurance 9 hich operates on a
free $ar!et 'asis+ li!e in the /nited ,tates: could en-oy free healthcare depending on
their e$ploy$ent status%
*or eHa$ple+ if a MeHican citi en is une$ployed+ all of their healthcare costs are
su'sidi ed if a citi en $a!es -ust a'out the official poverty level+ a $a-ority of
healthcare is su'sidi ed% Even ealthier citi ens ho en-oy private health insurance can
en-oy health 'enefits that are su'sidi ed in part 'y the MeHican federal govern$ent%
If you 'elieve that this !ind of universal healthcare in MeHico $eans that hospitals
eHperience a significantly lo er standard of care+ then youLll 'e surprised to learn that
pu'lic healthcare institutions are regarded as far 'etter uality than "private# hospitals%
In fact+ a recent survey indicated that hile MeHico 'oasts a'out ?+000 private hospitals+so$e of these institutions ere only hospitals in na$e+ as they had no la'oratories and
only specific diagnostic services+ so theses are closer to clinics here doctors practice
$ostly speciali ed procedures for outpatient care and short ter$ treat$ents and
noncritical recovery 'eds for patients%
This does not $ean that healthcare in MeHico does not have i$prove$ents to $a!e%
(hile recent studies indicate that $ortality rates in MeHico are dropping faster than in
Cu'a+ Canada and the /nited ,tates+ the death per capita rate is still far too high+ as itLs
over 50G higher than that of the /,% .o ever+ the (orld .ealth Organi ation 9(.O:
has indicated that these high $ortality rates $a!e less of a reflection on healthcare in
MeHico as they do on other factors that result in death%
T#E UNITED STATES AND #EALT#CARE IN ME ICO
(ith such a li'eral approach to universal healthcare+ itLs not surprising that $ore /,
citi ens are visiting MeHico to receive cheaper $edical and cos$etic treat$ents in fact+so$e private health insurance co$panies in California $andate that patients receive care
in MeHico+ here care is astrono$ically cheaper hich is a pri$ary factor driving
Medical Touris$ in MeHico%
(ant to !no -ust ho cheap healthcare in MeHico is\ The average visit to the doctorLs
office in MeHico costs 37 9/,:+ hile an overnight stay in a hospital costs -ust ?7%
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Co$pare this to the hundreds of dollars re uired for a doctorLs visit in the /nited ,tates+
and itLs easy to see hy itLs esti$ated that up to 40+000 2$erican citi ens travel to
MeHico to receive healthcare%
2dditionally+ any /nited ,tates citi en ho has legal residency in MeHico $ay enroll in
the federal govern$entLs IM,, progra$+ $eaning that they can receive their healthcare
for $uch cheaper% 8etter still+ a ne la $andates that you only need to 'uy property in
MeHico to en-oy this healthcare 'enefit% ,o hatLs the cost for 2$ericans to enroll in
IM,,\ Just 500 a year+ hich is astrono$ically lo er than the 7000 that the average
2$erican spends to en-oy going 'ro!e for 'asic /, health insurance% These facts are
another ga$e changer for retirees loo!ing for the 'enefits Medical Touris$ in MeHico
offers%
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MEDICAL TOURISM IN SINGAPOREThe 'eautiful island city
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section intends to aid hospitals in designing their 'usiness strategies and provide the$
ith !ey insights that can help the$ 'oost their profits%
The report also covers an analysis of the healthcare industry+ 'ro!en do n into five $a-or
procedures vi %+ Cardiac+ Orthopedic+ Neurological B ,pinal ,urgery+ Cos$etic ,urgery+
and >ental procedures% This has helped the analysts to clearly identify and highlight the
procedures offering $aHi$u$ opportunity for gro th% Moreover+ for an analysis of the
costs of getting treat$ent in ,ingapore versus other countries+ a pri$ary research has
'een conducted%
8esides+ the report covers govern$ent regulations to provide a co$prehensive picture of
the ,ingapore $edical touris$ industry to the authors clients% The study delves into a
detailed description and !ey statistics of the $a-or hospitals in the industry% 2ccordingly+
through a pri$ary research+ the report highlights the participation of these hospitals in the$edical touris$ industry 'y covering patients visits 'y destination and the $ost popular
treat$ents that international patients avail%
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MEDICAL TOURISM IN SOUT# %OREA/nli!e its neigh'or to the north+ ,outh orea is perceived around the orld as a gentle
and fun
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,outh oreaLs healthcare syste$s are a$ong the 'est in 2sia% The countryLs general
health office is called the Ministry of .ealth and (elfare% This office or!s ith the
govern$ent and other health agencies in the country in $a!ing and enforcing policies
regarding pu'lic health and safety% Pu'lic and private e$ployees are covered 'y
healthcare insurance+ as $andated 'y the govern$ent+ and $any hospitals continually
update their syste$s and facilities a 'ig dra for $edical tourists ho go to ,outh
orea%
The office of Ministry of .ealth and (elfare of ,outh orea is responsi'le for finding
ays to enhance their uality of life+ fostering health a$ong children and adults+ giving
long
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Thailand+ along ith its 2sian neigh'ors ,ingapore and India+ accounts for 60G of 2siaLs
$edical touris$ $ar!et% Each year+ over a $illion foreigners plan their $edical travel
around a Thailand holiday clu''ing sight
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driver in Thailand% To co$pare+ the Thai auto$otive industry accounted for &3G of ;>P
last year+ hile $anufacturing led the ay accounting for ?AG of ;>P in 30&&%
;iven ThailandLs reputation for graceful and attentive service+ it is not hard to see hy
8ang!o! has uic!ly 'eco$e the $edical touris$ hu' of 2sia% ,uvarna'hu$i 2irport is
serviced 'y airlines fro$ around the orld+ reasona'ly
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$edical travel co$pany that sends patients to 8ang!o! as ell as to seven other
countries+ including Tur!ey and MeHico% "2ll of the patients e have sent to these
hospitals have given us eHcellent feed'ac! on their procedures and their eHperiences at
the facilities%#
Co$$itting to airfares+ acco$$odation+ out of net or! or uninsured $edical 'ills and
ti$e off or! is a 'ig decision for travelers to $a!e% et it see$s for $any+ the 'enefits
and savings out eigh the ris!s% *or eHa$ple+ a hip replace$ent at 8ang!o!Ls
8u$rungrad hospital costs 7@7+4?5 'aht on average+ a'out half the price of the sa$e
operation in the /,+ $a!ing it a orth hile consideration for $any ho are open<
$inded enough to ta!e the plunge%
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MEDICAL TOURISM IN TUR%ETur!ey is rapidly eHpanding in $edical touris$ and has set itself so$e a$'itious goals%
The Ministry of .ealth ai$s to $a!e @ 'illion in revenue fro$ 700+000 foreign patients
in 30&7+ hile it has set its sights on reaching 30 'illion in 303? fro$ 3 $illion foreign patients%
(ithin the health $inistry is the >epart$ent of .ealth Touris$+ hich ai$s to pro$ote
$edical touris$ and coepart$ent of .ealth Touris$ analy es these
figures 'y province+ hospital+ and county of origin% It eHpects 30&? to produce at least
370+000 $edical tourists% Medical tourists $ainly see! eye treat$ent+ hair transplants+
dentistry+ and cos$etic surgery plus orthopedic treat$ent+ cervical herniated discs and
slipped dis! treat$ent+ gynecological and urological operations+ plus treat$ent at ear+
nose and throat clinics% 6& G use private hospitals and the re$aining 6 G use pu'lic
hospitals% ;er$any+ Russia+ 2 er'ai-an+ the Netherlands+ Ira and *rance top the list of
the countries hose citi ens visit Tur!ey for health touris$% In addition+ a significant
nu$'er of visitors co$e fro$ /!raine+ 8elgiu$+ a a!hstan+ Ro$ania+ 1i'ya+ ;eorgia
and the / % Tur!ey attracts the largest health tourists fro$ ;er$any+ the Netherlands and
*rance+ as the population of people ith Tur!ish roots is high% The health $inistry plansne $edical touris$ regulation this year including regulation of $edical touris$
agencies+ $edical spa rules+ reha'ilitation service la s+ plus general health touris$
regulation% The $inistry also eHpects that the share of pu'lic hospitals in attracting
foreign patients ill increase to &0 G in the years to co$e% The top five destinations for
foreign patients are Istan'ul+ ocaeli+ 2n!ara+ 2ntalya and Mu]la%
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C9apter /4
“DATA ANAL SIS H
INTERPRETATION”
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Medical Touris$ is a fast gro ing industry orld ide and involves the $ove$ent of
people fro$ one country to another country or fro$ one state ithin a country to another
state to see! $edical treat$ents that are either not availa'le in the individualsL state or
country+ $ore advanced in the destination state or country or less costly in the destination
state or country%
This article see!s to discuss health touris$+ the perfor$ance of Malaysian health touris$
industry+ its develop$ent and future% I$plications for students ill also 'e discussed%
2ccording to >eloitte Medical Touris$ report 3004+ this touris$ sector as eHpected to
reach an esti$ated /, &00 'illion as at last year 930&0: $ainly due to cost savings+
co$paratively sa$e uality of $edical care and uic! access to treat$ents%
It esti$ated that 'y 30&@+ an esti$ated &7%@7 $illion $edical tourists ill travel fro$ the
/nited ,tates alone to other countries for $edical treat$ents co$pared to @70+000tourists in 300@ according to the sa$e report%
OUTBOUND MEDICAL TOURISM
2ccording to the >eloitte Center for .ealth ,olutions+ there ere @70+000 out'ound%2$erican $edical tourists in 300@+ a nu$'er hich $ay increase to up to &%A $illion 'y
30&3 9>eloitte+ 3006:% 2 3006 ;allup poll found that "up to 36G of 2$ericans ould
consider traveling a'road for $edical procedures 9Edelheit+ '+ n%d%:%INBOUND MEDICAL TOURISM
2ccording to the 30&0 survey on in'ound $edical touris$ 'y ,tac!pole B 2ssociates+
the regions representing the greatest nu$'er of in'ound patients ere) MeHico 93&%&4G:+
the Middle East 9&5G:+ ,outh 2$erica 9&3%??G:+ Central 2$erica
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$odel has yet to e$erge as an agreed
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%
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Stats o? Me=ical To7rists ?or Plastic S7r>er@
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C9apter4*
“SUMMAR AND
CONCLUSION”
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Medical touris$ is li!ely to increase over the neHt decade as $ore patients are a'le to
access the Internet and ac uire infor$ation relevant to care offered overseas at an
afforda'le price% (hile so$e patients ill 'enefit i$$ensely fro$ treat$ent as a $edical
tourist+ $any legal and ethical issues ill also arise% Nurses need to fa$iliari e
the$selves ith the 'enefits of $edical touris$ hile also ac!no ledging its inherent
dangers% Potential $edical tourists ill 'enefit fro$ the services of a !no ledgea'le
health professional in their ho$e country ho can discuss the $any issues that relate to
this $edical touris$% It is eHpected that $edical touris$ ill provide a ne role for
nurses as this healthcare trend eHpands around the orld%
Individuals have the right to travel+ and+ ac!no ledging various restrictions+ li'eral
de$ocratic nations per$it citi ens to cross national 'orders% Increasing nu$'ers of
patients are traveling in search of health care+ and patients are free to travel a'road if theyish to o'tain health care outside their local co$$unity% .o ever+ there are ris!s
associated ith cross
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often addressed in relation to hospitals+ health