medical terminology unit 12 prefixes of location and medication administration
TRANSCRIPT
Breathing
• Re/spir/ation: Breathing
• Ex/pir/ation (n.): Breathing out
• Ex/pire, Ex/hale (v.): To breathe out
• In/spir/ation (n.): Breathing in
• In/spire (v.): To breathe in
In- = In, Into, Not
• In/compatible: Do not mix with each other• In/compet/ency (n.): Not able to perform its
function. – In/compet/ence (n.). In/compet/ent (adj.)
• In/continence: Lack of control of waste removal– In/continence (n.). In/continent (adj.)
• In/sane: Not sane• In/somnia: Inability to sleep• In/coherent: Not coherent
In- = In, Into, Not
• In/cise (v.): To cut into– In/cised (past tense verb)
• In/cision (n.): Cutting into
Vs.
• Ex/cise (v.): To cut out (remove)• Ex/cision (n.): Cutting out
In- = In, Into, Not
• In/ject (v.): To introduce a substance into the body (usually through a needle)– In/jected (v., past tense)
• In/jector: One who (things which) injects
• In/jection: Procedure of injecting
In- = In, Into, Not
• In/fusion: Solution introduced into a vein• In/stillation: Putting medicated drops into an eye or
body cavity.– Stillare = To drip
• In/semin/ation: Process of placing semen into the opening of the cervix
In- = In, Into, Not
• In/fested: Organisms living within or on another organism
• In/flammation (n.): Condition with such symptoms as a red, swollen, and warm area– In/flamed (v., past tense)
Mal- = Bad, Poor
• Mal/odor/ous: Having a bad odor
• Mal/aise: General feeling of illness or feeling poorly
• Mal/formation: Poor formation
• Mal/nutrition: Poor nutrition
• Mal/absorption: Poor absorption
Eating disorders
• Malnutrition may take the form of overnutrition or undernutrition.– Hyperphagia– Anorexia– Anorexia nervosa– Bulimea– Compulsive overeating
Malari/o = Malaria– Disease caused by a parasite, Plasmodium vivax, carried
in mosquitoes. Initially thought to be caused by “bad” night air.
• Mal/ari/a (n.): Bad air• Malari/al (adj.): Pertaining to malaria• Malari/ous (adj.): Having malaria• Malari/o/logy (n.): Study of malaria• Malari/o/therapy (n.):
– An obsolete method of treating syphilis of the central nervous system by injecting malarial organisms into the body. Organisms produce hyperthermia, which is then terminated by antimalarial medication.
Tri- = Three
• Tri/ceps muscle has 3 heads
• Tri/cuspid valve has three cusps
• Tri/genim/al nerve has 3 branches
• Tri/plets: 3 infants during the same pregnancy
Bi- = Two
• Bi/furc/ate (v.): To divide into 2 branches– Furco- = Branching or dividing
• Bi/furc/ation (n.): The part of a structure that divides into 2 branches
• Bi/sexual: 1.) One who is sexually attracted to both males and females. 2.) A person with physical characteristics of both male and female (hermaphrodite).
• Bi/polar: Affective disorder with severe mood swings from a manic (excited) to a depressive state. Having 2 poles.
Bi- = Two
• Muscle of 2 bellies• Tooth with 2 cusps• Lenses with 2 areas of focus
Bi/ceps Bi/cusps Bi/focal
Uni- = One
• Uni/corn has one horn
• Uni/ovular: Pertaining to twins who develop from one ovum
• Uni/vers/al: Combined into one whole
Later/al = Pertaining to the side
Pertaining to:• One side• Two sides• Three sides
Uni/later/alBi/later/alTri/later/al
Multi- = Many
• Multi/cell/ular: Made of many cells
• Bi/cell/ular: Made of 2 cells
• Uni/cell/ular, Mono/cell/ular: Made of 1 cell
Nucleus
• Having one nucleus• Having 2 nuclei• Having many nuclei
o Uni/nucle/ar, Mononuclearo Bi/nuclearo Multi/nuclear
Semi-, Hemi- = Half
• Semi/circle: Half circle
• Semi/conscious: Half conscious
• Semi/private: Half private
Semi-, Hemi- = Half
• Half circular• Half normal• Half comatose
• Semi/circul/ar• Semi/normal• Semi/comatose
Semi-, Hemi- = Half
• Hemi/cardia: Presence of only half a heart
• Hemi/gastr/ectomy: Removal of half the stomach
• Hemi/plegia, Hemi/paralysis: Paralysis of half the body (on one side).
Semi-, Hemi- = Half
• Paralysis of half (one side) of the body
• Half of a sphere• Anesthesia of half the
body
• Hemi/plegia
• Hemi/sphere• Hemi/an/esthesi/a
Genit/o = Reproductive system
– Genesis = Beginning, Formation
• Genit/al: Reproductive system structure
Con- = With
• Con/genit/al: Born with– Congenital deformities or anomalies including
• Congenital cataract, scoliosis, kyphosis, glaucoma, syphilis– Hydr/ophthalm/os is increased fluid pressure in eyes due to
congenital glaucoma
• Con/sanguin/ity: With blood, Blood relationship. A relationship by descent from a common ancestor– Sanguin/o = Blood– -ity = Quality
Dis- = To free of
• To free of, to separate, to undo• Dis/ease: Free of ease• Dis/sect (v.): To cut a tissue or to undo it for
purpose of study– Dis/section (n.), Dis/sected (past tense verb)
• Dis/infect (v.): To free of infective agents– Dis/infection (n.), Dis/infected (past tense verb)
• Dis/infectant: Chemical or physical agents that prevent infection by killing microorganisms
Dis- = To free of
• Dis/associate: To break apart• Dis/sociation (n.): Separation. Ability to move one
body segment independently of another. The breaking off of normal thought processes from consciousness– Dis/sociate (v.)– Dis/sociated (v. past tense or adj.)
• Multiple personality disorder (MPD)– A split in consciousness resulting in 2 (or multiple)
different phases of personality, neither being aware of the words, acts, and feelings of the other
Post- = After• Post/prandial (pp): After meals• Post/cibal (pc): After meals• Post/glucose (pg): After ingesting glucose• Post/esophageal: Behind the esophagus• Post/menopausal: After menopause • Post/operative: After an operation• Post/coit/al: After coitus (intercourse)• Post/part/um: After delivery (refers to the mother)
Pre- = Before, In front of
• Pre/an/esthetic: Before anesthesia• Pre/hyoid: In front of the hyoid bone• Pre/operative: Before an operation• Pre/mature: Before maturity (readiness)• Pre/scribe: Write before you can take (Rx)• Pre/cancer/ous: Before cancer develops
Ante- = Before, Forward
• Ante/pyretic: Before the fever
• Ante/flexion: Forward bending
• Ante/version: Turning forward
• Ante/part/um: Before delivery
• Ante/position: Position in front
Nat/al = Birth
– Natal refers to birth and is related to the baby. – Partum refers to delivery is related to the
mother.
• Peri/natal: Around birth
• Post/natal: After birth
• Pre/natal: Before birth
• Ante/natal: Before birth
Febr/ile = Pertaining to fever
– Febris = Fever
• Post/febr/ile: Pertaining to after a fever
• Ante/febr/ile: Pertaining to before a fever
Mortem = Death
• Before death• After death
• Mort/ality:
• Mobid/ity:
• Antemortem• Postmortem
• Death rate. Statistics giving the ratio of deaths in a given population.
• Rate of occurrence of disease. The ratio of disease in a given population.
Intra- = Within
• Intra/abdominal: Within the abdomen
• Intra/cellular: Within a cell
• Intra/uterine: Within the uterus
• Intra/ven/ous: Within a vein
• Intra/spin/al: Within the spine
• Intra/lumb/ar: Within the lumbar region
Intra- = Within
• Within an artery• Within the cranium• Within the bladder• Within the aorta• Within the skin• Within the duodenum• Within the thoracic
cavity
Intra-/arteri/al Intra/crani/al Intra/cyst/ic Intra-/aort/ic Intra/derm/al Intra/duoden/al Intra/thorac/ic
Abbreviation
• Ac• Ad lib• AID• AIH• am, A.M.• Bid• caps• CRNA• exc• GNID• Gt/gtt. gtts
• Before meals (ante cibum)
• Ad libetum as desired
• Artificial insemination - donor’s sperm
• Artificial insemination - husband’s sperm
• Ante meridiem (morning)
• Bis in die, twice a day
• capsules
• Certified registered nurse anesthetist
• Excision
• Gram-negative intracellular diplococcus
• Drop, drops
Abbreviation
• I&O
• IABP
• ID
• IM
• inf
• instill
• IU
• IUD
• IV
• Intake and output
• Intra-aortic balloon pump
• Intradermal, identification
• Intramuscular
• Infusion
• Instillation
• International units
• Intrauterine device
• Intravenous
Abbreviation
• LPN• MSN• NP• pc• pm, P.M.• PO, po• prn• RN• sc, subcu, sq, subq• tab• tid• (see textbook)• †
• Licensed practical nurse• Masters of Science in Nursing• Nurse practitioner• After meals (post cibum)• Post meridiem (after noon)• Postoperative, by mouth (per os)• Pro renata, as needed or required• Registered nurse• Subcutaneous• tablet(s)• Ter in die, three times a day22• 1, 2, 3, 4, 5• death