medical language, 1e susan turley copyright ©2007 by pearson education, inc. upper saddle river,...

Medical Language, 1eSusan Turley

Copyright ©2007 by Pearson Education, Inc.Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458

All rights reserved.

The respiratory system is divided into the upper and lower portion. The lower portion includes the nose,

nasal cavity, and pharynx.

a. True

b. False




The right lung has three lobes, and the left lung has two.

a. True

b. False




The membrane that covers the surface of the lung is known as the

visceral pleura.

a. True

b. False




Emphysema is part of which disease?

a. SIDS

b. RDS

c. COPD

d. TB




Which structure is part of the lower respiratory system?

a. larynxb. pharynxc. internal naresd. soft palate




What path does air take when flowing from the glottis to the respiratory membrane?

a. larynx, trachea, bronchi, bronchioles, respiratory bronchioles, alveoli

b. larynx, trachea, respiratory bronchioles, bronchioles, alveoli

c. trachea, bronchi, larynx, bronchioles, alveolar duct, alveolar sac

d. larynx, trachea, bronchioles, bronchi, alveolar sac, respiratory membrane




What role do the nasal conchae play in the respiratory system?

a. trapping airborne particles in mucus

b. warming and humidifying incoming air

c. bringing olfactory stimulation to olfactory receptors

d. all of the above




In pneumonia, fluid accumulates in the alveoli of the lungs and bronchioles constrict. What effect does pneumonia have on vital capacity?

a. increase in vital capacity

b. decrease in vital capacity

c. increase in breathing rate, with no effect on vital capacity

d. decrease in tidal volume, with no effect on vital capacity




Which of the following contributes the most to the expiration of carbon dioxide?

a. the formation of carbaminohemoglobinb. the formation of a bicarbonate ionc. the high solubility of CO2 in bloodd. the percentage of oxygen in inhaled air




The purpose of the respiratory system is to bring oxygen into the body and expel the waste product

carbon dioxide.

a. True

b. False




A muscular tube containing C-shaped rings of cartilage that is a passageway for both inhaled and

exhaled air is called the

a. Larynx.

b. Trachea.

c. Pharynx.

d. Esophagus.




The smallest passageways in the lungs are called the

a. Alveoli.

b. Bronchi.

c. Bronchioles.

d. Lumen.




The clusters of air sacs in the lungs are called the

a. Hila.

b. Apices.

c. Alveoli.

d. Functional parenchyma.




Respiration consists of

a. Breathing in and inhalation.

b. Breathing out and expiration.

c. Inspiration and inhalation.

d. Inspiration and exhalation.




Internal respiration is the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide in the

a. Lungs.

b. Alveoli of the lungs.

c. Blood.

d. Cells of the body.




The substance that allows the lungs of a newborn to expand fully and stay

expanded is called

a. Mucus.

b. Surfactant.

c. Oxygen.

d. Carbon dioxide.




In forced breathing,

a. inspiration and expiration are both passive.

b. inspiration is passive and expiration is active

c. inspiration and expiration are both active.

d. inspiration is active and expiration is passive.




The elastic cartilage that covers the opening to the larynx during swallowing

is the

a. thyroid cartilage.

b. epiglottis.

c. cricoid cartilage.

d. corniculate cartilage.




The auditory tubes open into the

a. nasopharynx.

b. laryngopharynx.

c. nasal cavity.

d. oropharynx.




________ is the amount of air that moves into the respiratory system during a single respiratory cycle.

a. Residual volume

b. Expiratory reserve volume

c. Inspiratory reserve volume

d. Tidal volume




The amount of air that can be forcibly taken in after normally inhaling is called

________.

a. Inspiratory reserve volume

b. Tidal volume

c. Residual volume

d. Expiratory reserve volume




a. Atmospheric pressure

b. Blood PCO2

c. Blood PO2

d. Body temperature

Which of these is the most important factor in regulating respiration?




The gastrointestinal system is an elongated system that

a. Begins at the mouth.

b. Goes through the thoracic cavity.

c. Fills most of the abdominopelvic cavity.

d. All of the above.




The gag reflex is initiated by food touching the

a. Soft palate.

b. Mouth.

c. Uvula.

d. Lips.




All of the following are salivary glands EXCEPT

a. Pharynx.

b. Submandibular.

c. Parotid.

d. Sublingual.




The purpose of the villi in the small intestine is to

a. Move digested food along the tube.

b. Make digestive juices.

c. Absorb digested food and water.





The gallbladder is responsible for

a. Concentrating and storing bile from the liver.

b. Neutralizing acids from the stomach.

c. Digesting proteins from foods.

d. Releasing digestive enzymes made by the pancreas.




Which organ is responsible for the production of bile?

a. Liver

b. Stomach

c. Large intestine

d. Small intestine




This organ is primarily responsible for water absorption

a. stomach

b. anus

c. small intestine

d. large intestine




The rhythmic muscular contraction that helps propel food through the alimentary

tract is known as:

A. digestionB. peristalsisC. absorptionD. excretion




The action breaking up fats into smaller products is known as:

A. emulsificationB. reduction C. digestionD. absorption




Which of the following is a function of the small intestine?

A. Absorbs waterB. Temporarily holds foodC. Digests foodD. Absorbs nutrients




a. Serous

b. Synovial

c. Mucous

d. Peritoneal

What type of membrane lines the digestive tract?




a. Lamina propria

b. Plicae circulares

c. Villi

d. Microvilli

Which of these does NOT increase the surface area of the intestinal epithelium?




a. Soft palate

b. Esophagus

c. Labia

d. Gingivae

Which of these does NOT border the oral cavity?




a. Acinar cells

b. Kupffer cells

c. Parietal cells

d. Hepatic cells

Which of the following cells are located in gastric glands?




a. Gallbladder

b. Duodenum

c. Mesenteric arteries

d. Lacteals

Where would lipids be absorbed after a heavy meal?




a. Pepsin

b. Hydrochloric acid

c. Bile salts

d. Trypsin

Which of these is NOT involved in protein digestion?




a. GIP

b. VIP

c. CCK

d. Gastrin

What hormone stimulates stomach activity?




a. CCK

b. Secretin

c. Gastrin

d. VIP

Which hormone stimulates the liver to secrete more bile?




a. Gastrin

b. Bile

c. Bicarbonate

d. CCK

Which of these will be secreted by the duodenum when the pH of its contents is low?




a. Pancreas

b. Salivary gland

c. Liver

d. Gallbladder

Which of these is NOT an accessory organ of the intestine?




a. Lysozyme

b. Amylase

c. Hydrochloric acid

d. Mucus

Which of these is NOT a component of saliva?




a. Dentin

b. Cementum

c. Gingiva

d. Periodontal ligament

Which of these borders the pulp cavity of a tooth?




Your molars are most useful for _____.

a. crushing and grinding a tough pizzab. shredding meat off a bonec. nipping the end of a carrotd. none of the above




The process of elimination is called

a. Feces.

b. Defecation.

c. Meconium.

d. Antrum.




The word mastication refers to

a. Chewing, grinding, and tearing food.

b. Swallowing food.

c. Contractions of the esophagus.

d. Partially undigested food.




Which of the following is a function of mesenteries?

a. Mesenteries stabilize the organs of the abdominal cavity.

b. Mesenteries provide a route for blood vessels, nerves, and lymphatic vessels to and from the digestive tract.

c. Mesenteries prevent the intestines from becoming tangled with changes in body position.

d. All of the above are correct.




How do the roles of pepsinogen and HCI interact in the stomach?

a. They both digest chyme.

b. HCI is necessary to prevent pepsinogen from digesting proteins.

c. They both kill microorganisms.

d. HCI is necessary for the conversion of pepsinogen to pepsin.




The tube that extends from the renal pelvis to the bladder is the

a. Ureter.

b. Urethra.

c. Orifice.

d. Calix.




The tube that carries urine from the bladder to the outside of the body is

the urethra.

a. True

b. False




The functional unit of the kidney is the

a. Neuron.

b. Glomerulus.

c. Nephron.

d. Parenchyma.




Waste products excreted in urine include

a. Urea.

b. Creatinine.

c. Uric acid.





The pressure of blood in the capillary pushes water, waste products, electrolytes, glucose, and other substances through pores in the

glomerulus and out into Bowman’s capsule in a process known as

a. Osmosis.

b. Diffusion.

c. Filtration.





Does the process of reabsorption return water and non-waste substances to the blood?

a. Yes

b. No




The process of eliminating urine from the body is known as

a. Urination.

b. Micturition.

c. Voiding.





A powerful vasoconstrictor that constricts blood vessels and increases blood pressure is

a. Creatinine.

b. Angiotensin.

c. Erythropoietin.

d. Antidiuretic hormone.




When the level of ADH (antidiuretic hormone) increases

a. more urine is produced.

b. less urine is produced.

c. more salt is secreted by the nephron.

d. less water is reabsorbed by the nephron and




Urine passes, in the order given, through which of the following

structures?

a. collecting duct, renal pelvis, urethra, bladder, ureter

b. collecting duct, ureter, renal pelvis, urethra, bladder

c. collecting duct, renal pelvis, ureter, bladder, urethra

d. renal pelvis, urethra, bladder, ureter, collecting duct




The primary function of the proximal convoluted tubule is

a. adjusting the urine volume.

b. secretion of acids, drugs, and ammonia.

c. filtration.

d. reabsorption of ions, organic molecules, vitamins, and water.




The filtration of plasma takes place in the

a. ureter.

b. nephron loop (loop of Henle).

c. renal corpuscle.

d. distal convoluted tubule.




a. Glomerulus

b. Afferent arteriole

c. Interlobular vein

d. Peritubular capillary

Blood leaving the efferent arterioles flows next into which of the following vessels?




a. Renal corpuscle

b. Renal tubule

c. Glomerulus

d. Glomerular capsule

Which of the following parts of a nephron does NOT contain filtrate?




a. Renal corpuscle

b. Proximal convoluted tubule

c. Distal convoluted tubule

d. Collecting duct

Which part of the nephron loop is responsible for filtration?




a. Aldosterone

b. Angiotensin I

c. ADH

d. Sympathetic tone

Renin directly activates which of the following?




a. Sodium

b. Potassium

c. Calcium

d. Phosphorus

Reabsorption of which of the following ions is an action of aldosterone?




a. Trigone

b. Rugae

c. Pyela

d. Detrusor

What are the folds within the urinary bladder that allow for expansion to store urine?




a. Detrusor

b. Rugae

c. Trigone

d. Lamina

Which of the following is a funnel-shaped area where the openings for the ureters and the urethra are found in the urinary bladder?




a. Internal urethral sphincter

b. External urethral sphincter

c. Detrusor muscle

d. Ureteral muscle

Which part of the urine elimination pathway is under voluntary control?




Which structures exit at the hilum of the kidney?

a. renal artery and veinb. renal uretersc. renal capsule and renal sinusd. both A and B




Where does urine production begin?

a. renal arteryb. minor calycesc. nephrond. collecting duct

medical language, 1e susan turley copyright ©2007 by pearson education, inc. upper saddle river,...

Documents