medical imaging tips for interpreting medical images
Post on 15-Jan-2016
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![Page 1: Medical Imaging Tips for interpreting medical images](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062804/56649d485503460f94a237ee/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Medical Imaging
Tips for interpreting medical images
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Objectives
1. Develop a repeatable pattern for interpretation
2. Where to start / What to look for
3. Recognizing normal
4. Recognizing abnormal
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3.
4.
1.
2.
Case 1
A. DensB. Foramen transversariumC. Anterior arch of C1D. Lateral mass of C1
Recognizing normal: learn the names
MetalMineralSoft tissueFatAir
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4 considerations when faced with a medical image
1. Is the size of the structure normal?
2. Is the shape of the structure normal?
3. Is the position of the structure normal?
4. What is the density? (x-ray or CT)
SIZE SHAPE POSITION DENSITY
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2
1
3
5
4
A. C5 vertebral bodyB. Hyoid boneC. Spinous process C4D. DensE. Occiput
X
Hard andSoft palate
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What is wrong?a. The vertebral body heights are abnormalb. There is a fracturec. There is malaligmentd. Nothing, this is normal
SizeShapePositionDensity
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Spondylolesthesis
Grade 1 is 0–25% Grade 2 is 25–50% Grade 3 is 50–75%
Grade 4 is 75–100% Over 100% is
Spondyloptosis, when the vertabra completely
falls off the supporting vertabra.
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Oblique lumbar x-ray
Spondylolysis
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Normal “Scotty dog”
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Soft tissue swelling isan important sign in cervical trauma
What are the normal measurements of the pre-cervical soft tissuesat C2 and C6?
“6 mm at 2, 22 mm at 6”
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MRI
Signal not densityT1 – fluid is blackT2 – fluid is white
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Is there a problem with thesize, shape, position or densityof this structure?
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Fracture description
1. Complete2. Transverse3. Mildly distracted (or separated)4. Mid diaphysis5. Left humerus6. Not intra articular7. Not open8. Not angulated9. Not comminuted
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How would youdescribe thesefractures?
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MRI
How wouldYou describe this lesion?
Benign versus malignant
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Which of these images is normal?
A.B.
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Torn ACLanterior cruciate ligament
NormalACL
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Knee pain and weakness after a slip and near fall injury
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Abnormal sizeAbnormal shapeAbnormal positionAbnormal density
Test your knowledge
The next cases have something wrong withsize, shape, position and/or density
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Which bone is abnormal?
How is it abnormal?
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What is abnormal ?1. Size2. Shape3. Position4. Density
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A. B.
Which AP wrist x-ray is abnormal?
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A. B.
What is abnormal here??1. Size2. Shape3. Position4. Density
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Do you seean abnormalityhere?
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What to remember
• You must learn the names of anatomic structures.
• Be able to recite the 5 basic radiographic densities.
• When looking at any structure, normal or abnormal, consider size, shape, position and density