media
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media. Whoever controls the media, controls the mind. Jim Morrison. The medium IS the message. Liberal, conservative they ALL play the game Those Fox folks are so darn clever. Who makes the news?. - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
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MEDIA
Whoever controls the media, controls the mind.
Jim Morrison
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The medium IS the message
Liberal, conservative they ALL play the game
Those Fox folks are so darn clever
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Who makes the news?
Journalists only want to inform? Or is it all about the bank account? What exactly is their agenda?
The people who "report" it
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Power of the media Transformed America- no longer boring
and removed Vietnam a major turning point- Cronkite
went to Nam to report on the war. He was negative. LBJ said to an aide: “ We’ve lost the war now that we’ve lost Cronkite”
Power in freedom- 1st amendment. Freedom is rare
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Who is watching the watchers?
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Regulation Broadcast TV most restricted- public
airwaves Regulation of content-
Equal time rule- time given one candidate must be provided to others
Fairness Doctrine ( 1949-1985)- had to be fair in coverage- FCC abolished it in 1985 based on various explosion of media that created diversity among viewpoints.
1st amendment protects many viewpoints and ideas
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The Court and the press Near v. Minnesota (1931)A state law allowing prior restraint was
unconstitutional. This decision also extended protection of press freedom to the states through the Fourteenth Amendment.
New York Times v. Sullivan (1964)The First Amendment protected all
statements about public officials unless the speaker lied with the intent to defame.
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New York Times v. United States (1971)A claimed threat to national security was not justification for
prior restraint on publication of classified documents (the Pentagon Papers) about the Vietnam War
Hustler v. Falwell (1988)The First Amendment prohibits public figures from
recovering damages for intentional infliction of emotional harm unless the publication contained a false statement made with actual malice.
Hazelwood School District v. Kuhlmeier (1988)Public school officials can censor school-sponsored
newspapers, because the newspapers are part of the school curriculum rather than a forum for public expression.
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More on media power Media is a two way street- media uses
politicians and politicians use the media Newspapers and magazines.
Newspapers are primarily local except NY Times. Wall St Journal, Wash Post
Mags are more national- Time, Newsweek
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And even more on power National more powerful- NY Times,
Newsweek etc. Leaders pay attention to what they write Leaders give them more access Reporters are more prestigious
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New media influences Newspapers in serious decline- once major
source TV networks took over but also in decline Non broadcast on the rise- Fox, MSNBC, Daily
Show (“In a 2004 study conducted by the Annenberg Public Policy Center at the University of Pennsylvania, researchers discovered that regular viewers of The Daily Show actually knew more about elections than did people who watched news channels and read newspapers.”) Young people use non traditional methods
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Cable vs broadcast( network and local)
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Al Gore is a genius!
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New media=ignorance? New media is great for immediate
relevance but what’s lost when everything we do is so quick, edited and disposable?
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Is Twitter really a news source?
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Internet competition
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TV still rules…..barely News is 24/7 1950’s it was 15 minutes a day Role as gatekeeper, scorekeeper,
watchdog has changed for better or worse
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Media roles Gatekeeper- What becomes an issue?Experiment- One group shown news on
nuclear weapons the other group watches stories on unemployment
Results:Issue a problem?
Before experiment
After experiment
nukes 35% 65%
unemployment 43% 71%
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Scorekeeper- Who is winning? Iowa, NH etc.
Sometimes the media decides the winner is the loser and the loser is the winner
"We have a top tier now“But it is hard to change opinions:Poll-
Who won the debate?Bush Kerry Neither
democrats 5% 81% 11%independent
35% 43% 22%
republicans 73% 12% 11%
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Watchdog- Keep an eye on those dogs in DC Watergate/Iran-Contra/Monica/WMD/
Soylndra??
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Who’s paying attention anyway? high attention
Medium attention
Low attention
College grad 43 53 4Some college 33 57 10High school grad
28 57 15
Dropout 16 58 26
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So what do those paying attention actually see?
Ideological propoganda- Corresponds with the rise of cable TV
-1980 CNN- Follows Fairness Doctrine despite cable being exempt- Today anything goes
-1987- FCC rescinds Fairness doctrine- Radio ( Rush Limbaugh) then TV go ideological. Fox now #1 by a large margin
-Real detail on candidates is lost- Soundbites? Hah.
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The incredible shrinking soundbite
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