mechanical removal of non-native fishes in the colorado river within grand canyon lew coggins,...
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Mechanical Removal of Non-native Fishes in the Colorado River
within Grand Canyon
Lew Coggins, Michael Yard, Lew Coggins, Michael Yard, Daniel Gwinn, and Clay NelsonDaniel Gwinn, and Clay Nelson11
USGS, Grand Canyon Monitoring and Research CenterUSGS, Grand Canyon Monitoring and Research Center11Arizona Game and Fish DepartmentArizona Game and Fish Department
The Historic Fish Community in Grand CanyonThe Historic Fish Community in Grand Canyon
Humpback Chub (Gila cypha) Bonytail Chub (Gila elegans) Roundtail Chub (Gila robusta)
Colorado Pikeminnow (Ptychocheilus lucius ) Speckled Dace (Rhinichthys osculus )
Flannelmouth Sucker (Catastomus latipinnis) Bluehead Sucker (Catastomus discobulus)Razorback Sucker (Xyrauchen texanus)
Modifications to the Aquatic EcosystemModifications to the Aquatic Ecosystem
The Present Native Fish CommunityThe Present Native Fish Community
Humpback Chub (Gila cypha)Federally Endangered
Bonytail Chub (Gila elegans)Extirpated
Roundtail Chub (Gila robusta)Extirpated
Colorado Pikeminnow (Ptychocheilus lucius ) Extirpated
Speckled Dace (Rhinichthys osculus )Locally Common
Flannelmouth Sucker (Catastomus latipinnis)AZ Species of Special Concern
Bluehead Sucker (Catastomus discobulus)Locally Common
Razorback Sucker (Xyrauchen texanus)Extirpated
The Recent Fish Community in Grand CanyonThe Recent Fish Community in Grand Canyon
2000-2001 Observed Species Composition in the Colorado River Using Electrofishing and Netting Methods
Salmonids80%
Bluehead Sucker
1%
Flannelmouth Sucker
7%
Humpback Chub5%
Speckled Dace1%
Cyprinids6%Centrarchids
0.1%Ictalurids
0.3%
Background and MotivationBackground and MotivationAdult Humpback Chub Abundance (Age 4+)
Year
A
du
lt A
bu
nd
an
ce (
Ag
e 4
+)
19
89
19
90
19
91
19
92
19
93
19
94
19
95
19
96
19
97
19
98
19
99
20
00
20
01
20
02
20
03
20
04
20
05
0
2000
4000
6000
8000
10000
12000
In 2002, concern for the In 2002, concern for the
downward trend in downward trend in
humpback chub humpback chub Gila cyphaGila cypha
abundance prompted abundance prompted
experimental adaptive experimental adaptive
management actions management actions
including removal of non-including removal of non-
native fishnative fish
Melis et al. 2006
ObjectivesObjectives Evaluate Efficacy of Removing Non-native FishEvaluate Efficacy of Removing Non-native Fish
To what extent can we remove non-native fishes To what extent can we remove non-native fishes from a large reach of the Colorado River?from a large reach of the Colorado River?
Evaluate Effect of Non-native Fish Removal on the Evaluate Effect of Non-native Fish Removal on the Population Dynamics of Native FishesPopulation Dynamics of Native Fishes Will humpback chub recruitment increase as a Will humpback chub recruitment increase as a
result of non-native removal?result of non-native removal?
MethodsMethods
2003 to 2006 - 6 trips/year2003 to 2006 - 6 trips/year Jan, Feb, Mar (Winter)Jan, Feb, Mar (Winter) Jul, Aug, Sep (Summer)Jul, Aug, Sep (Summer)
Sampling Methods:Sampling Methods: ElectrofishingElectrofishing
4-5 pass depletions4-5 pass depletions HoopnettingHoopnetting
Estimate relative Estimate relative abundance of native abundance of native fish (Juveniles).fish (Juveniles).
MethodsMethods
Methods – Data AnalysisMethods – Data Analysis Constructed abundance estimates for rainbow trout using a Constructed abundance estimates for rainbow trout using a
Hierarchical Bayes Removal Model (Dorazio et al 2005).Hierarchical Bayes Removal Model (Dorazio et al 2005). Assumed that site-specific capture probability is drawn Assumed that site-specific capture probability is drawn
from a common Beta distribution.from a common Beta distribution. Prior on capture probability.Prior on capture probability.
Assumed that site-specific abundance is drawn from a Assumed that site-specific abundance is drawn from a common Poisson distribution.common Poisson distribution.
Prior on abundance.Prior on abundance.
I used uninformative (Uniform) hyper-prior distributions.I used uninformative (Uniform) hyper-prior distributions. Model based aggregation of among site dataModel based aggregation of among site data
Allows sites with high measurement error to be informed or “shrunk” Allows sites with high measurement error to be informed or “shrunk” towards the common meantowards the common mean
Results:Results:Efficacy of Removal EffortsEfficacy of Removal Efforts
Results - Electrofishing CatchResults - Electrofishing CatchElectrofishing Species Composition in the LCR Removal Reach
Humpback.ChubFlannelmouth.SuckerBluehead.SuckerSpeckled.DaceCyprinidsCentrarchidsBlack.BullheadChannel.CatfishBrown.TroutRainbow.Trout
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
Pe
rce
nt
Co
mp
os
itio
n b
y N
um
be
r
Jan
-03
Fe
b-0
3
Ma
r-0
3
Jul-
03
Au
g-0
3
Se
p-0
3
Jan
-04
Fe
b-0
4
Ma
r-0
4
Jul-
04
Au
g-0
4
Se
p-0
4
Jan
-05
Fe
b-0
5
Ma
r-0
5
Jul-
05
Au
g-0
5
Se
p-0
5
Jan
-06
Fe
b-0
6
Ma
r-0
6
Jul-
06
Au
g-0
6
Electrofishing Catch by Species in the LCR Removal Reach
Humpback.ChubFlannelmouth.SuckerBluehead.SuckerSpeckled.DaceCyprinidsCentrarchidsBlack.BullheadChannel.CatfishBrown.TroutRainbow.Trout
0
500
1000
1500
2000
2500
3000
3500
4000
4500
To
tal C
atc
h (
# o
f F
ish
)
Results - Electrofishing CatchResults - Electrofishing CatchElectrofishing Species Composition in the LCR Removal Reach
Humpback.ChubFlannelmouth.SuckerBluehead.SuckerSpeckled.DaceCyprinidsCentrarchidsBlack.BullheadChannel.CatfishBrown.TroutRainbow.Trout
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
Pe
rce
nt
Co
mp
os
itio
n b
y M
as
s
Jan
-03
Fe
b-0
3
Ma
r-0
3
Jul-
03
Au
g-0
3
Se
p-0
3
Jan
-04
Fe
b-0
4
Ma
r-0
4
Jul-
04
Au
g-0
4
Se
p-0
4
Jan
-05
Fe
b-0
5
Ma
r-0
5
Jul-
05
Au
g-0
5
Se
p-0
5
Jan
-06
Fe
b-0
6
Ma
r-0
6
Jul-
06
Au
g-0
6
Electrofishing Catch by Species in the LCR Removal Reach
Humpback.ChubFlannelmouth.SuckerBluehead.SuckerSpeckled.DaceCyprinidsCentrarchidsBlack.BullheadChannel.CatfishBrown.TroutRainbow.Trout
0
500
1000
1500
To
tal C
atc
h (
Kg
)
Results - Rainbow Trout AbundanceResults - Rainbow Trout AbundanceRainbow Trout Abundance in the Little Colorado River Removal Reach
02
00
04
00
06
00
08
00
0
Jan
-03
Fe
b-0
3
Ma
r-0
3
Jul-
03
Au
g-0
3
Se
p-0
3
Jan
-04
Fe
b-0
4
Ma
r-0
4
Jul-
04
Au
g-0
4
Se
p-0
4
Jan
-05
Fe
b-0
5
Ma
r-0
5
Jul-
05
Au
g-0
5
Se
p-0
5
Jan
-06
Fe
b-0
6
Ma
r-0
6
Jul-
06
Au
g-0
6
Trip Date
Ra
inb
ow
Tro
ut
Ab
un
da
nc
e
2003 2004 2005 2006
Results - Rainbow Trout AbundanceResults - Rainbow Trout AbundanceRainbow Trout Abundance in the Little Colorado River Removal Reach
01
00
02
00
03
00
04
00
05
00
06
00
0
Jan
-03
Fe
b-0
3
Ma
r-0
3
Jul-
03
Au
g-0
3
Se
p-0
3
Jan
-04
Fe
b-0
4
Ma
r-0
4
Jul-
04
Au
g-0
4
Se
p-0
4
Jan
-05
Fe
b-0
5
Ma
r-0
5
Jul-
05
Au
g-0
5
Se
p-0
5
Jan
-06
Fe
b-0
6
Ma
r-0
6
Jul-
06
Au
g-0
6
Trip Date
Ra
inb
ow
Tro
ut
Ab
un
da
nc
e
2003 2004 2005 2006
UpstreamDownstream
Results - Rainbow Trout Capture ProbabilityResults - Rainbow Trout Capture Probability
Rainbow Trout Capture Probability in the Little Colorado River Removal Reach
0.0
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
Jan
-03
Fe
b-0
3
Ma
r-0
3
Jul-
03
Au
g-0
3
Se
p-0
3
Jan
-04
Fe
b-0
4
Ma
r-0
4
Jul-
04
Au
g-0
4
Se
p-0
4
Jan
-05
Fe
b-0
5
Ma
r-0
5
Jul-
05
Au
g-0
5
Se
p-0
5
Jan
-06
Fe
b-0
6
Ma
r-0
6
Jul-
06
Au
g-0
6
Trip Date
Ca
ptu
re P
rob
ab
ility
2003 2004 2005 2006
UpstreamDownstream
Results:Results:Indicators of Native Fish Indicators of Native Fish
Population ResponsePopulation Response
Electrofishing Catch Rate of Humpback Chub in the LCR Removal Reach
01
/01
/03
04
/01
/03
07
/01
/03
10
/01
/03
01
/01
/04
04
/01
/04
07
/01
/04
10
/01
/04
01
/01
/05
04
/01
/05
07
/01
/05
10
/01
/05
01
/01
/06
04
/01
/06
07
/01
/06
10
/01
/06
02
46
8
CP
UE
(F
ish
/Ho
ur)
Trip Date
Results - Humpback Chub Relative AbundanceResults - Humpback Chub Relative Abundance
Electrofishing CPUE of Flannelmouth Sucker in the LCR Removal Reach
01
/01
/03
04
/01
/03
07
/01
/03
10
/01
/03
01
/01
/04
04
/01
/04
07
/01
/04
10
/01
/04
01
/01
/05
04
/01
/05
07
/01
/05
10
/01
/05
01
/01
/06
04
/01
/06
07
/01
/06
10
/01
/06
05
10
15
CP
UE
(F
ish
/Ho
ur)
Trip Date
Results - Flannelmouth Sucker Relative AbundanceResults - Flannelmouth Sucker Relative Abundance
Electrofishing CPUE of Bluehead Sucker in the LCR Removal Reach
01
/01
/03
04
/01
/03
07
/01
/03
10
/01
/03
01
/01
/04
04
/01
/04
07
/01
/04
10
/01
/04
01
/01
/05
04
/01
/05
07
/01
/05
10
/01
/05
01
/01
/06
04
/01
/06
07
/01
/06
10
/01
/06
02
46
8
CP
UE
(F
ish
/Ho
ur)
Trip Date
Results - Bluehead Sucker Relative AbundanceResults - Bluehead Sucker Relative Abundance
Thanks!
Background and MotivationBackground and Motivation February 2002, GCMRC proposes a 16 year study to address questions February 2002, GCMRC proposes a 16 year study to address questions
related to providing better management of Sediment related to providing better management of Sediment ANDAND Native Fish. Native Fish.
YearYear Mechanical RemovalMechanical Removal Fluctuating FlowsFluctuating Flows Temperature Control DeviceTemperature Control Device
11 XXXXXX XXXXXX
22 XXXXXX XXXXXX
33 XXXXXX
44 XXXXXX
55 XXXXXX
66 XXXXXX
77
88
99 XXXXXX XXXXXX XXX???XXX???
1010 XXXXXX XXXXXX XXX???XXX???
1111 XXXXXX XXX???XXX???
1212 XXXXXX XXX???XXX???
1313 XXXXXX XXX???XXX???
1414 XXXXXX XXX???XXX???
1515 XXX???XXX???
1616 XXX???XXX???
What Really HappenedWhat Really HappenedYearYear Mechanical RemovalMechanical Removal Fluctuating Fluctuating
FlowsFlowsTemperature Control DeviceTemperature Control Device
1 (2003)1 (2003) XXXXXX XXXXXX ““Naturally Elevated Temp”Naturally Elevated Temp”
2 (2004)2 (2004) XXXXXX XXXXXX ““More Naturally Elevated Temp”More Naturally Elevated Temp”
3 (2005)3 (2005) XXXXXX XXXXXX ““Even More Naturally Elevated Temp”Even More Naturally Elevated Temp”
4 (2006)4 (2006) XXXXXX ““Naturally Elevated Temp”Naturally Elevated Temp”
5 5 (2007)(2007) (Non-natives in low abundance)(Non-natives in low abundance) ““Likely Elevated Temp”Likely Elevated Temp”
66 ???????????????? ???????????????? ????????????????
77 ???????????????? ???????????????? ????????????????
88 ???????????????? ???????????????? ????????????????
99 ???????????????? ???????????????? ????????????????
1010 ???????????????? ???????????????? ????????????????
1111 ???????????????? ???????????????? ????????????????
1212 ???????????????? ???????????????? ????????????????
1313 ???????????????? ???????????????? ????????????????
1414 ???????????????? ???????????????? ????????????????
1515 ???????????????? ???????????????? ????????????????
1616 ???????????????? ???????????????? ????????????????