mech 100 – graphics i technical graphics communication: multiview drawings (part 2)

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MECH 100 – Graphics I Technical Graphics Communication: Multiview Drawings (Part 2)

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Page 1: MECH 100 – Graphics I Technical Graphics Communication: Multiview Drawings (Part 2)

MECH 100 – Graphics I

Technical Graphics Communication:

Multiview Drawings(Part 2)

Page 2: MECH 100 – Graphics I Technical Graphics Communication: Multiview Drawings (Part 2)

Objectives• Quick review and comments on creation of proper

multiview drawings

• Quick review standard line practices used in multiview drawings

• Fundamentals Views of Edges & Planes • Identify normal, inclined, and oblique planes in

multiview drawings

• ANSI Standards for Partial & Revolved Views

Page 3: MECH 100 – Graphics I Technical Graphics Communication: Multiview Drawings (Part 2)

Projection Methods & their Attributes:

Perspective versus Parallel

Page 4: MECH 100 – Graphics I Technical Graphics Communication: Multiview Drawings (Part 2)

Multiview Drawings:

The Six Principal Views & Angle of Projection

Page 5: MECH 100 – Graphics I Technical Graphics Communication: Multiview Drawings (Part 2)

Multiview Orthographic Projection

Page 6: MECH 100 – Graphics I Technical Graphics Communication: Multiview Drawings (Part 2)

Imagine Object Suspended in Glass Box

Projections Produce Six Principal Views

Page 7: MECH 100 – Graphics I Technical Graphics Communication: Multiview Drawings (Part 2)

Unfolding “Glass Box” to Produce the Six Principal Views of the Drawing

Page 8: MECH 100 – Graphics I Technical Graphics Communication: Multiview Drawings (Part 2)

Multiview Drawing of Object

Page 9: MECH 100 – Graphics I Technical Graphics Communication: Multiview Drawings (Part 2)

Multiview Drawing of Object(Conventional View Placement)

Central view

Page 10: MECH 100 – Graphics I Technical Graphics Communication: Multiview Drawings (Part 2)

Multiview Drawing of Object(Alternate View Arrangement)

Page 11: MECH 100 – Graphics I Technical Graphics Communication: Multiview Drawings (Part 2)

Three Space Dimensions: Width, Height, Depth

- Require Multiple Views (at least 2 views) -

Rule 1 Alignment of Features: Every point or feature in one view must be aligned on a parallel projector in any adjacent view

Rule 2 Distances in Related Views: Distances between any two points of a feature in related views must be equal

Page 12: MECH 100 – Graphics I Technical Graphics Communication: Multiview Drawings (Part 2)

Three-View Multiview Layout on A-size Sheet

Page 13: MECH 100 – Graphics I Technical Graphics Communication: Multiview Drawings (Part 2)

Transferring Depth Dimensions:

- Between TOP & RIGHT views -

Page 14: MECH 100 – Graphics I Technical Graphics Communication: Multiview Drawings (Part 2)

Parts Requiring Two-View Drawings

Page 15: MECH 100 – Graphics I Technical Graphics Communication: Multiview Drawings (Part 2)

Parts Requiring One-View Drawings

Page 16: MECH 100 – Graphics I Technical Graphics Communication: Multiview Drawings (Part 2)

Layout of CAD Model on a Drawing Sheet

Page 17: MECH 100 – Graphics I Technical Graphics Communication: Multiview Drawings (Part 2)

Layout of CAD Model on a Drawing Sheet

Page 18: MECH 100 – Graphics I Technical Graphics Communication: Multiview Drawings (Part 2)

Layout of CAD Model on a Drawing Sheet

Page 19: MECH 100 – Graphics I Technical Graphics Communication: Multiview Drawings (Part 2)

Layout of CAD Model on a Drawing Sheet

Page 20: MECH 100 – Graphics I Technical Graphics Communication: Multiview Drawings (Part 2)

Good versus Poor Orientation

Page 21: MECH 100 – Graphics I Technical Graphics Communication: Multiview Drawings (Part 2)

Place Object in Natural Position

Page 22: MECH 100 – Graphics I Technical Graphics Communication: Multiview Drawings (Part 2)

Use Minimum Number of Views

Page 23: MECH 100 – Graphics I Technical Graphics Communication: Multiview Drawings (Part 2)

Use the Most Descriptive Views

Page 24: MECH 100 – Graphics I Technical Graphics Communication: Multiview Drawings (Part 2)

First- & Third-Angle of Projection Drawings: The Different Six

Principal Views

Page 25: MECH 100 – Graphics I Technical Graphics Communication: Multiview Drawings (Part 2)

Principal Projection Planes and Quadrants: Used to Create First- and Third- Angle Projections

Page 26: MECH 100 – Graphics I Technical Graphics Communication: Multiview Drawings (Part 2)

Pictorial Comparison:

First-Angle

and

Third-Angle

Projections

Page 27: MECH 100 – Graphics I Technical Graphics Communication: Multiview Drawings (Part 2)

Standard View Arrangements:

Third-Angle (U.S.)

and

(ISO) First-Angle Projections

Third-Angle

First-Angle

Page 28: MECH 100 – Graphics I Technical Graphics Communication: Multiview Drawings (Part 2)

View Arrangement:First-Angle Projection

Page 29: MECH 100 – Graphics I Technical Graphics Communication: Multiview Drawings (Part 2)

Alphabet of Lines: ASME standard line types for technical drawings

Page 30: MECH 100 – Graphics I Technical Graphics Communication: Multiview Drawings (Part 2)

Alphabet of Lines:

Hand Sketched

Page 31: MECH 100 – Graphics I Technical Graphics Communication: Multiview Drawings (Part 2)

Engineering Sketch

Showing Several Line Types Used

Page 32: MECH 100 – Graphics I Technical Graphics Communication: Multiview Drawings (Part 2)

Various Line Types used in a

Technical Drawing

ASME standard line types for

technical drawings

(dimensions shown for traditional drawing tools)

Page 33: MECH 100 – Graphics I Technical Graphics Communication: Multiview Drawings (Part 2)

Drawing Conventions for

Hidden Lines

Page 34: MECH 100 – Graphics I Technical Graphics Communication: Multiview Drawings (Part 2)

Precedence of Lines (Review)

Page 35: MECH 100 – Graphics I Technical Graphics Communication: Multiview Drawings (Part 2)

Engineering Drawing: Showing

Application of Precedence of

Lines

Page 36: MECH 100 – Graphics I Technical Graphics Communication: Multiview Drawings (Part 2)

Application of Center Lines

(for a Cylinder)

Page 37: MECH 100 – Graphics I Technical Graphics Communication: Multiview Drawings (Part 2)

Various Applications

of Center Lines

(Conventions)

Page 38: MECH 100 – Graphics I Technical Graphics Communication: Multiview Drawings (Part 2)

Fundamental Views of Edges and Planes

Know when the edges or planes are in true size, not foreshortened. Distances, angles, and areas

can then be measured.

Page 39: MECH 100 – Graphics I Technical Graphics Communication: Multiview Drawings (Part 2)

Fundamental Views of Edges

Edge line: intersection of two planes & is represented as a line on multiview drawings

Rule 3 True Length & Size: Features are true length or true size when the lines of sight are perpendicular to the feature

Edge line appears as a point in a plane of projection to which it is perpendicularAppears

as a point

Edge line

Edge lines

Page 40: MECH 100 – Graphics I Technical Graphics Communication: Multiview Drawings (Part 2)

Fundamental Views of Edges

Inclined line: is parallel to a plane of projection but inclined to the adjacent planes (4 black lines)

Oblique line: is not parallel to any principal plane of projection. It never appears as a point or in true length in any of the six principal views (line 1 – 2)

Page 41: MECH 100 – Graphics I Technical Graphics Communication: Multiview Drawings (Part 2)

Fundamental Views of Surfaces

Surface A: principal plane // to frontal plane

Surface B: principal plane // to horizontal plane

Surface C: principal plane // to profile plane

Surface D: inclined plane (edge view in front view)

Surface E: oblique plane (not parallel nor on edge in any principal planes)

Rule 4 Foreshortening: Features are foreshortened when the lines of sight are not perpendicular to the feature

Page 42: MECH 100 – Graphics I Technical Graphics Communication: Multiview Drawings (Part 2)

Rule of Configuration of PlanesRule 5 Configuration of Planes: Areas that are the same feature will always be similar in configuration from one view to the next, unless viewed on edge

Rule 6 Parallel Features: Parallel features will always appear parallel in all views

Rule 7 Edge Views: Surfaces that are parallel to the lines of sight will appear as lines or edge views

Page 43: MECH 100 – Graphics I Technical Graphics Communication: Multiview Drawings (Part 2)

Analysis by Surfaces (of Multiview Drawings)

Rule 6 Parallel Features: Parallel features will always appear parallel in all views

Rule 7 Edge Views: Surfaces that are parallel to the lines of sight will appear as lines or edge views

Technique used to visualize 3-D objects from multiview drawings

Rule 5 Configuration of Planes: Areas that are the same feature will always be similar in configuration from one view to the next, unless viewed on edge

Page 44: MECH 100 – Graphics I Technical Graphics Communication: Multiview Drawings (Part 2)

Rule 8 Contiguous Areas: No two contiguous areas can lie in the same plane

(If they were in the same plane a line would not be drawn to separate them)

Analysis by Surfaces (of Multiview Drawings)

Technique used to visualize 3-D objects from multiview drawings

Page 45: MECH 100 – Graphics I Technical Graphics Communication: Multiview Drawings (Part 2)

Rule 8 Contiguous Areas: No two contiguous areas can lie in the same plane

(If they were in the same plane a line would not be drawn to separate them)

Analysis by Surfaces (of Multiview Drawings)

Technique used to visualize 3-D objects from multiview drawings

Page 46: MECH 100 – Graphics I Technical Graphics Communication: Multiview Drawings (Part 2)

Angles in Multiview Drawings

(C) A 90-degree angle can be measured in a foreshortened surface if one edge is true length. (A) Angles other than 90 degrees can only be measured in views where the surface that contains the angle is perpendicular to the line of sight. (B) Not true angle shown in drawing

Page 47: MECH 100 – Graphics I Technical Graphics Communication: Multiview Drawings (Part 2)

Representing Limiting Elements

The sides of the triangle represent limiting elements of the cone.

The vertical sides of the rectangle represent the limiting elements of the sides of the cylinder.

Page 48: MECH 100 – Graphics I Technical Graphics Communication: Multiview Drawings (Part 2)

Tangent & Non-tangent Partial Cylinder

Note: When the transition of a rounded end to another feature is not tangent, a line is used at the intersection of the two features

Page 49: MECH 100 – Graphics I Technical Graphics Communication: Multiview Drawings (Part 2)

Elliptical Representation of a Circle

An elliptical view of a circle is created when the circle is viewed at an oblique angle

Page 50: MECH 100 – Graphics I Technical Graphics Communication: Multiview Drawings (Part 2)

Viewing Angles for Ellipses

Note: The size (or exposure) of an ellipse is determined by the angle of the line of sight relative to the circle

Page 51: MECH 100 – Graphics I Technical Graphics Communication: Multiview Drawings (Part 2)

Multiview Drawings of Solid Primitive Shapes

Page 52: MECH 100 – Graphics I Technical Graphics Communication: Multiview Drawings (Part 2)

Representation of Types of Machined Holes

See textbook (Ch. 10) for technical drawing representations of fillets, rounds, finished surfaces, chamfers, intersecting cylinders with prisms and other features.

Page 53: MECH 100 – Graphics I Technical Graphics Communication: Multiview Drawings (Part 2)

ANSI Standards for Multiview Drawings

Partial Views and Revolution Conventions

Page 54: MECH 100 – Graphics I Technical Graphics Communication: Multiview Drawings (Part 2)

Partial View for A Symmetrical Object(also for some types of auxiliary views & for saving time)

Page 55: MECH 100 – Graphics I Technical Graphics Communication: Multiview Drawings (Part 2)

Use of Partial Views to Eliminate Hidden Lines

Improves clarity

Front View

Page 56: MECH 100 – Graphics I Technical Graphics Communication: Multiview Drawings (Part 2)

Revolution Conventions for Ribs and Webs

Violates true projection of views

Page 57: MECH 100 – Graphics I Technical Graphics Communication: Multiview Drawings (Part 2)

Revolution Conventions for Objects with Bolt Circles

Violates true projection of views

Page 58: MECH 100 – Graphics I Technical Graphics Communication: Multiview Drawings (Part 2)

Revolution Convention for Representation of Arms

Violates true projection of views

Page 59: MECH 100 – Graphics I Technical Graphics Communication: Multiview Drawings (Part 2)

Assignment

• Review: Chapter 10 – Multiview Drawings

• Study: Chapter 17 – Dimensioning Practices

• Answer Review Questions on Bb Learn (Chapter 10 – Part 2)