measuring ipv6 performance - ripe 73in ipv6 we are seeing path asymmetry, with outbound packets...
TRANSCRIPT
![Page 1: Measuring IPv6 Performance - RIPE 73In IPv6 we are seeing path asymmetry, with outbound packets Crossing an Indian Ocean cable, and return packets bouncing off the US West Coast –](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022063008/5fbcf445c899a830de532b57/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Measuring IPv6 Performance
Geoff HustonAPNIC Labs
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What are we looking at:
• How“reliable”areIPv6connections?
• How“fast”areIPv6connections?
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What are we looking at:
• How“reliable”areIPv6connections?
• How“fast”areIPv6connections?
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The Measurement Technique
• Embedascriptinanonlinead• HavethescriptgenerateasetofURLstofetch• ExaminethepacketsseenattheservertodeterminereliabilityandRTT
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How We Measure
Weuseanonlineadtopresentasequenceofsmallfetchestotheuser’sbrowser
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How We Measure
ThesequenceoftestsisusedtotestanumberoftypesofactionsincludingfetchesofIPv4,IPv6andDualstack
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How We MeasureWeusetcpdump torecordallpacketactivityattheexperiment’sservers
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How Much do We Measure?
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What are we looking at:
• How“reliable”areIPv6connections?
• How“fast”areIPv6connections?
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Outbound SYN
Busted SYN ACKReturn path
What we see: Connection Failure
serverclient
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IPv4 Connection Failure
0.22%FailureRate
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IPv4 Failures
• IPv4failuresarearound1in500• AndweareprettysureitsNOT:– Auto-tunnelling– LousyCPEfirmware– Strangefirewallfilters
• Sowhatisthereasonforthisresidualasymmetricfailurerate?• Isitasymmetricroutingconnectivity?
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Daily IPv6 Failures
6to4failure:around10%
AverageIPv6failure:around2%
UnicastIPv6failure:around1.5%
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Daily IPv6 Failures
Unicast IPv6 shows moderate reliability
1.5%FailureRate
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IPv6 Failures
• 1.5%failureforunicastV6isstillunacceptable!• Whyisthishappening?– Auto-tunnelling?– LousyCPEfirmware?– Strangefirewallfilters?– Asymmetricrouting
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Is IPv6 failure uniformly distributed?
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Is IPv6 failure uniformly distributed?
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V6 Failure by Country
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V6 Failure by Network
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A cautionary note
• Theseare“singleshot”measurementsratherthansustainedrepeatedtest,sothereissomenoisecomponenthere
• Itsalsolikelythatconnectionfailureisrelatedtoconsumerequipmentratherthannetwork-levelfailure,asanetworklevelfailurewouldconventionallygiveafailureratecloserto100%
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What are we looking at:
• How“reliable”areIPv6connections?
• How“fast”areIPv6connections?
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Let’s look at TCP SYNs
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Let’s look at TCP SYNs
1 RTT interval
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Why SYNs?
• EveryTCPsessionstartswithaSYNhandshake• Itstypicallyakernelleveloperation,whichmeansthatthereislittleinthewayofapplicationlevelinteractionwiththeSYNexchange
• Onthedownsidethereisonlyasinglesamplepointpermeasurement
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Generating a comparative RTT profile
• Foreachsuccessfulconnectioncouplet(IPv4andIPv4)fromthesameendpoint,gatherthepairofRTTmeasurementsfromtheSYN-ACKexchanges• Usetheserver’sweblogstoassociateacoupletofIPv4andIPv6addresses
• UsethepacketdumpstocollectRTTinformationfromtheSYN-ACKExchange
• UseIPv6RTT– IPv4RTTasthemetric
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An Example of Path Divergence$traceroutefromSingaporetoCanberra,IPv4tracerouteto202.158.xxxx.yyy,30hopsmax,60bytepackets1103.3.60.30.672ms0.796ms0.899ms2139.162.0.90.754ms0.708ms0.732ms3te0-1-0-21.br03.sin02.pccwbtn.net1.697ms0.760ms0.726ms4ntt.fe3-18.br01.sin02.pccwbtn.net69.526ms69.644ms69.754ms5ae-10.r20.sngpsi05.sg.bb.gin.ntt.net60.702ms68.474ms68.469ms6ae-8.r22.snjsca04.us.bb.gin.ntt.net168.447ms168.532ms168.138ms7ae-19.r01.snjsca04.us.bb.gin.ntt.net167.489ms170.665ms178.832ms8xe-0-8-0-21.r01.snjsca04.us.ce.gin.ntt.net330.084ms323.556ms329.772ms9xe-1-0-1.pe1.msct.nsw.aarnet.net.au330.020ms323.738ms334.474ms10et-3-3-0.pe1.rsby.nsw.aarnet.net.au327.788ms334.157ms328.199ms11138.44.161.6323.644ms319.455ms323.563ms12202.158.xxx.yyy319.885ms333.933ms325.014ms
$traceroute from CanberratoSingapore,IPv4traceroute to139.162.xxx.yyy,64hops max,52byte packets1202.158.x.y0.682ms0.388ms0.313ms2xe-5-0-4-205.pe1.actn.act.aarnet.net.a0.721ms0.828ms0.674ms3et-0-3-0.pe1.rsby.nsw.aarnet.net.au4.548ms4.733ms4.533ms4et-7-1-0.pe1.brwy.nsw.aarnet.net.au4.734ms5.418ms4.745ms5et-0-3-0.pe1.bkvl.nsw.aarnet.net.au5.117ms5.512ms5.524ms6xe-0-0-0.bb1.b.sea.aarnet.net.au148.017ms148.019ms148.131ms7ge3-0.cr02.sea01.pccwbtn.net(206.81.80.13)148.469ms148.059ms148.429ms8tenge0-2-0-14.br03.sin02.pccwbtn.net319.435ms325.053ms319.117ms9tenge0-2-0-15.br03.sin02.pccwbtn.net319.257ms332.560ms323.415ms10linode.te0-1-0-21.br03.sin02.pccwbtn.net323.723ms323.627ms323.587ms11139.162.aaa.bbb334.609ms347.243ms347.220ms12139.162.xxx.yyy325.186ms338.209ms325.603ms
IPv4
We are seeing path symmetry, bouncing off the US West Coast
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An Example of Path Divergence
$traceroutefromSingaporetoCanberra,IPv6traceroute6to2001:388:1000:110:e4d:e9ff:x:y,30hopsmax,80bytepackets12400:8901::5287:89ff:fe40:9fc10.897ms0.912ms1.051ms22400:8901:1111::10.851ms0.827ms0.792ms32001:cb0:2102:2:f::10.364ms0.333ms0.516ms42001:cb0:2102:2:f::10.502ms0.461ms0.431ms52001:cb0:21f0:1:17::22.512ms2.176ms3.445ms62001:cb0:21f0:1:17::22.354ms2.382ms1.238ms710gigabitethernet3-5.core1.sin1.he.net1.080ms1.034ms1.020ms810ge1-5.core1.tyo1.he.net88.053ms10ge1-16.core1.hkg1.he.net39.369ms10ge1-5.core1.tyo1.he.net88.084ms
910ge1-5.core1.tyo1.he.net88.157ms100ge8-1.core1.sea1.he.net192.408ms192.642ms
10100ge8-1.core1.sea1.he.net192.631ms192.608ms196.154ms11xe-1-0-1.pe2.brwy.nsw.aarnet.net.au214.176ms186.238ms213.061ms12et-3-1-0.pe1.brwy.nsw.aarnet.net.au211.298ms211.300ms214.200ms13et-1-1-0.pe1.rsby.nsw.aarnet.net.au211.492ms211.359ms211.427ms14et-0-3-0.pe1.actn.act.aarnet.net.au213.332ms211.458ms211.476ms152001:388:1000:110:e4d:e9ff:x.y213.274ms213.199ms213.169ms
$traceroutefromCanberratoSingapore,IPv6traceroute6to2400:8901::f03c:91ff:a:b)64hopsmax,12bytepackets12001:388:1000:110::x:y 0.808ms0.899ms1.586ms2xe-5-0-4-205.pe1.actn.act.aarnet.net.au1.633ms0.646ms0.578ms3et-0-1-0.pe1.dksn.act.aarnet.net.au0.682ms0.649ms0.694ms4et-5-3-0.pe1.crlt.vic.aarnet.net.au8.072ms8.086ms8.049ms5et-5-1-0.pe1.wmlb.vic.aarnet.net.au8.116ms8.055ms8.073ms6et-0-3-0.pe1.adel.sa.aarnet.net.au17.790ms16.984ms17.036ms7et-1-1-0.pe1.prka.sa.aarnet.net.au17.080ms17.152mset-0-3-0.pe1.eper.wa.aarnet.net.au43.319ms
8et-0-3-0.pe1.knsg.wa.aarnet.net.au43.357ms43.443ms43.353ms9gigabitethernet-5-1-0.bb1.b.per.aarnet.net.au43.849ms43.919ms43.850ms10so-0-0-0.bb1.a.sin.aarnet.net.au92.219ms92.275ms92.189ms11as6939.singapore.megaport.com212.347ms212.426ms212.471ms12***132400:8901:1110::2213.924ms213.904ms213.717ms142400:8901::f03c:91ff:a:b213.954ms213.393ms213.726ms
IPv4 – IPv6
In IPv6 we are seeing path asymmetry, with outbound packetsCrossing an Indian Ocean cable, and return packets bouncingoff the US West Coast – the IPv6 RTT is 112 ms smaller than the IPv4 RTT
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Global Results
On average IPv6 is showing 20ms – 40ms slower that IPv4
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Global Results
Mean Standard Deviation per day of these measurements
Number of sample points per day
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RTT Diff Distribution
120 day average
IPv6Faster(ms) IPv4Faster(ms)
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RTT Diff by Country
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RTT Diff by Network
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European RegionV4 faster nets
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European RegionV6 faster nets
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IPv6 in Spain:
Largest ISPs
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IPv6 in Spain:
IPv6 ISPs
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IPv6 in Spain – RTT Diff distribution
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Germany
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German IPv6 ISPs
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RTT Diff for DTAG – AS3320
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Is IPv6 as “good” as IPv4?
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Is IPv6 as “good” as IPv4?
IsIPv6asfast asIPv4?Basically,yesIPv6isfasterabouthalfofthetimeFor75%ofunicastcases,IPv6iswithin10msRTTofIPv4Sotheyperformatmuchthesamerate
(Butthat’sjustforunicastIPv6- theuseof6to4makesthisawholelotworse!)
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Is IPv6 as “good” as IPv4?
IsIPv6asrobustasIPv4?IPv4averageconnectionreliabilitycurrentlysitsat0.2%
ThebaseaveragefailurerateofUnicastV6connectionattemptsat1.5%ofthetotalV6unicastconnectionsisnotbrilliant.(6to4isterribleatthis!)
Itcouldbebetter.
Itcouldbeawholelotbetter!
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Is IPv6 as “good” as IPv4?
Ifyoucanestablishaconnection,thenIPv4andIPv6appeartohavecomparableRTTmeasurementsacrossmostoftheInternet
ButtheoddsofestablishingthatconnectionarestillweightedinfavourofIPv4!
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That’s it!
http://stats.labs.apnic.net/v6perf