measurement & verification - maeep ppt 8... · measurement” – baseline is an engineering...

B2Q Associates, Inc. B2Q Associates, Inc. ©© Part 13Part 13

Measurement & Measurement & VerificationVerification

““You cannot manage what you do You cannot manage what you do not measurenot measure”” –– Jack Welch, Jack Welch, former CEO, General Electricformer CEO, General Electric

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What is M&V?What is M&V?

““The process of using measurements The process of using measurements to reliably determine actual savings to reliably determine actual savings created within an individual facility by created within an individual facility by an energy management programan energy management program””

Source: IPMVP Volume I – September, 2009

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Why Measure & Verify?Why Measure & Verify?

Increase energy savings due to reporting Increase energy savings due to reporting feedback (uncovers new opportunities)feedback (uncovers new opportunities)

Creates persistence of energy savingsCreates persistence of energy savings

Reduce financial risk and create a base for Reduce financial risk and create a base for negotiations with energy performance contractsnegotiations with energy performance contracts

Improves credibility of energy efficiencyImproves credibility of energy efficiency

LEED EB O&M requires M&V for EA Credit 2.3 LEED EB O&M requires M&V for EA Credit 2.3 ““Ongoing CommissioningOngoing Commissioning””

PayPay--forfor--performance incentives for performance incentives for RCxRCx33


EVO and IPMVPEVO and IPMVP

Efficiency Valuation Organization (EVO)Efficiency Valuation Organization (EVO)–– Established to create standards which assist with Established to create standards which assist with

risk and benefit management in the context of risk and benefit management in the context of energy efficiencyenergy efficiency

International Performance Measurement and International Performance Measurement and Verification Protocol (IPMVP)Verification Protocol (IPMVP)–– Created to support and promote energy efficiency Created to support and promote energy efficiency

and renewable energy worldwideand renewable energy worldwide

Latest Version of Vol. I Latest Version of Vol. I -- January 2012January 2012

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Elements of M&VElements of M&V

The M&V PlanThe M&V Plan–– Prior to project implementationPrior to project implementation–– Establishes method for measuring and adjusting Establishes method for measuring and adjusting

energy use to verify savingsenergy use to verify savings–– Documents requirements for M&V ReportsDocuments requirements for M&V Reports

The M&V ReportThe M&V Report–– Periodic documentation of observed energy use Periodic documentation of observed energy use

and verified savings after project implementationand verified savings after project implementation–– Includes justification for usage adjustmentsIncludes justification for usage adjustments

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IPMVP OptionsIPMVP Options

The The ““bestbest”” option depends onoption depends on……–– BudgetBudget–– MeteringMetering–– Scope of Scope of EEM(sEEM(s))

Multiple Options may be used within Multiple Options may be used within an M&V Plan, depending on the an M&V Plan, depending on the considerations aboveconsiderations above

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IPMVP IPMVP –– Option AOption A

““Retrofit Isolation: Key Parameter Retrofit Isolation: Key Parameter MeasurementMeasurement””–– Baseline is an engineering calculation Baseline is an engineering calculation

which could involve shortwhich could involve short--term metering, term metering, continuous metering, or an engineering continuous metering, or an engineering estimateestimate

–– Good for measures with consistent Good for measures with consistent energy consumption (i.e. lighting, energy consumption (i.e. lighting, constant speed fans)constant speed fans)

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IPMVP IPMVP –– Option BOption B

““Retrofit Isolation: All Parameter Retrofit Isolation: All Parameter MeasurementMeasurement””–– Energy use is either measured directly or Energy use is either measured directly or

a calculation a calculation which is based on a which is based on a measurementmeasurement

–– Good for systems with known Good for systems with known performance curves where an isolated performance curves where an isolated measurement can be used to calibrate measurement can be used to calibrate energy consumption (i.e. energy consumption (i.e. VSDsVSDs))

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IPMVP IPMVP –– Option COption C

““Whole FacilityWhole Facility””–– Energy use Energy use meteredmetered at the whole facility at the whole facility

level or sublevel or sub--facility levelfacility level–– Good for complex Good for complex EEMsEEMs which affect which affect

multiple systemsmultiple systems

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IPMVP IPMVP –– Option DOption D

““Calibrated SimulationCalibrated Simulation””–– Energy use is simulated with energy Energy use is simulated with energy

modeling software (such as modeling software (such as eQUESTeQUEST or or EnergyProEnergyPro) and calibrated using monthly ) and calibrated using monthly utility billsutility bills

–– Good for facilities where no baseline data Good for facilities where no baseline data is available (i.e. new construction)is available (i.e. new construction)

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Creating an M&V PlanCreating an M&V Plan

1)1) Create a list of building systems and Create a list of building systems and system components with their system components with their energy consumption characteristics energy consumption characteristics (power draw, firing rates, etc.)(power draw, firing rates, etc.)

2)2) Determine goals for M&V (specific Determine goals for M&V (specific EEM isolation = Options A & B, whole EEM isolation = Options A & B, whole facility = Options C &D)facility = Options C &D)

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Creating an M&V PlanCreating an M&V Plan

3)3) Determine which quantities need to Determine which quantities need to be metered and which can be be metered and which can be estimated (if using Option A or B)estimated (if using Option A or B)

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M&V Plan ContentsM&V Plan Contents

1)1) ECM Description, Intent, and ECM Description, Intent, and Commissioning ProcedureCommissioning Procedure

2)2) Select IPMVP Option and Select IPMVP Option and Measurement BoundaryMeasurement Boundary

3)3) Baseline Conditions: Include energy Baseline Conditions: Include energy use and quantify factors which affect use and quantify factors which affect energy useenergy use

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4)4) Identify the reporting periodIdentify the reporting period5)5) Identify whether data will be Identify whether data will be

normalized (if so, savings will be normalized (if so, savings will be ““normalized savingsnormalized savings””, if not savings , if not savings will be will be ““avoided energy useavoided energy use””))

6)6) Analysis Procedure: define all Analysis Procedure: define all mathematical models to be used and mathematical models to be used and any limits to their validityany limits to their validity

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7)7) Energy Prices: Identify if they will be fixed Energy Prices: Identify if they will be fixed or variable for reporting purposesor variable for reporting purposes

8)8) Metering: Identify meter locations and Metering: Identify meter locations and specspec’’s, s, CxCx, and calibration procedures for , and calibration procedures for all nonall non--utility meters. Establish upper limit utility meters. Establish upper limit on acceptable data loss. on acceptable data loss.

9)9) Monitoring Responsibilities: Identify Monitoring Responsibilities: Identify responsible parties for data recording and responsible parties for data recording and reportingreporting

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10)10) Expected Accuracy: Include meter Expected Accuracy: Include meter tolerances, and uncertainty associated with tolerances, and uncertainty associated with sampling error and any engineering sampling error and any engineering calculationscalculations

11)11) Budget: Include setup cost and onBudget: Include setup cost and on--going going reporting costsreporting costs

12)12) Report Format: Include a sample reportReport Format: Include a sample report13)13) Quality Assurance: Specify steps taken Quality Assurance: Specify steps taken

towards QA of savings calculation & towards QA of savings calculation & reportingreporting

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M&V ReportingM&V Reporting

Must follow procedures identified in the Must follow procedures identified in the M&V PlanM&V PlanInclude:Include:–– Complete data sets (justification for any Complete data sets (justification for any

““correctedcorrected”” data)data)–– Description and justification of adjustmentsDescription and justification of adjustments–– Any estimated valuesAny estimated values–– Energy price scheduleEnergy price schedule–– Savings in energy and monetary unitsSavings in energy and monetary units

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Example:Example:

320,000ft320,000ft2 2 office building in Eastern office building in Eastern MA with extensive subMA with extensive sub--meteringmetering

Option C (subOption C (sub--facility level), not facility level), not weatherweather--normalized, baseline still normalized, baseline still being developed (new facility)being developed (new facility)

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Electricity UseElectricity Use

Raw Values November December %∆ Nov-Dec January %∆ Dec-JanOutdoor Lighting 3,364 3,548 5.46% 3,523 -0.7%1st Floor - Lights 15,619 16,861 7.95% 16,987 0.7%1st Floor - Motors 487 501 2.77% 533 6.1%2nd Floor - Lights 15,925 17,797 11.76% 17,578 -1.2%2nd Floor - Motors 2,569 3,024 17.71% 3,138 3.6%3rd Floor - Lights 15,928 17,563 10.26% 17,094 -2.7%3rd Floor - Motors 2,838 5,293 86.52% 3,149 -68.1%RTUs 47,022 45,174 -3.93% 38,133 -18.5%UPS 20,047 20,608 2.80% 20,552 -0.3%Lieberts 25,765 21,660 -15.93% 20,954 -3.4%Kitchen Mechanical 6,293 6,413 1.90% 5,813 -10.3%Kitchen Lights 4,719 4,810 1.94% 4,604 -4.5%HVAC other 24,276 24,669 1.62% 24,118 -2.3%Receptacles, Misc. Loads 94,952 100,403 5.74% 110,267 8.9%Kitchen Exhaust (included in KL41 meter) 1,977 1,977 0.00% 1,950 -1.4%HW Pumps (included in MP41 meter) 1,861 1,861 0.00% 2,364 21.3%

Sub-Totals

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Natural Gas UseNatural Gas Use

November December January unit %∆ Nov-Dec %∆ Dec-JanKitchen Gas 117,100 146,600 121,700 cubic ft 25.2% -17.0%Main Gas 337,000 852,000 962,000 cubic ft 152.8% 12.9%Total Gas 454,100 998,600 1,083,700 cubic ft 119.9% 8.5%

% Kitchen Gas 25.79% 14.68% 11.23%% Main Gas 74.21% 85.32% 88.77%

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OneOne--Month EndMonth End--Use Use ReconciliationReconciliation

January 2010 Electricity End‐Use Reconciliation

Total KWh = 286,000

Outdoor Lighting, 3,500 , 1% 1st Floor ‐ Lights, 17,000 , 6%

1st Floor ‐ Motors, 500 , 0%

2nd Floor ‐ Lights, 17,600 , 6%

2nd Floor ‐ Motors, 3,100 , 1%

3rd Floor ‐ Lights, 17,100 , 6%

3rd Floor ‐ Motors, 3,100 , 1%

RTUs, 38,100 , 13%

UPS, 20,600 , 7%

Lieberts, 21,000 , 7%

Kitchen Mechanical, 5,800 , 2%Kitchen Lights, 4,600 , 2%

HVAC other, 24,100 , 8%

Receptacles, Misc. Loads, 110,300 , 40%

Outdoor Lighting 1st Floor ‐ Lights 1st Floor ‐ Motors 2nd Floor ‐ Lights 2nd Floor ‐ Motors3rd Floor ‐ Lights 3rd Floor ‐ Motors RTUs UPS LiebertsKitchen Mechanical Kitchen Lights HVAC other Receptacles, Misc. Loads

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Monthly Electric Use Monthly Electric Use ComparisonComparison

November 09' Total KWh = 280K

Lighting, 56,000 , 20%

Mechanical, 129,000 , 46%

Receptacles, 95,000 , 34%

December 09' Total KWh = 288K

Lighting, 61,000 , 21%



January 2010 Total kWh = 286k

Lighting, 60,000 , 21%



Lighting

Mechanical

Receptacles

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Monthly Gas Use Monthly Gas Use ComparisonComparison

November 09' Total Gas used = 454K ft^3

Main Gas, 337,000 , 74%

Kitchen Gas, 117,100 , 26%

December 09' Total Gas used = 999K ft^3

Main Gas, 852,000, 85%

Kitchen Gas, 146,600, 15%

January 2010 ‐ Total Gas = 1,083k ft^3

Main Gas, 962,000, 89%

Kitchen Gas, 121,700, 11%

Kitchen Gas

Main Gas

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Example:Example:

A 95,700ftA 95,700ft22 office building in Eastern office building in Eastern MA. MA. RCxRCx project began late 2008 project began late 2008 continuing through 2009continuing through 2009

Option D: Baseline and PostOption D: Baseline and Post--RCxRCx both both modeled in Trane TRACEmodeled in Trane TRACE

Reporting Period: April 2009 Reporting Period: April 2009 –– March March 2010 (Electrical) and November 2007 2010 (Electrical) and November 2007 –– September 2008 (Gas) September 2008 (Gas)

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Electricity Use: Model Electricity Use: Model Compared with ActualCompared with Actual

0

50,000

100,000

150,000

200,000

250,000

300,000

Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec

kWh

BaselinePost-RCx PredictedActual

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Electrical Use: HistoricalElectrical Use: Historical

0

50,000

100,000

150,000

200,000

250,000

300,000


kWh

2007200820092010

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Electric Demand: Model Electric Demand: Model Compared with ActualCompared with Actual

0

200

400

600

800

1000

1200


kW

BaselinePost-RCx PredictedActual

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Electric Demand: Electric Demand: HistoricalHistorical

0

200

400

600

800

1000

1200


kW

2007200820092010

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Natural Gas Use: Model Natural Gas Use: Model Compared with ActualCompared with Actual

0

500

1000

1500

2000

2500


ther

ms Baseline

Post-RCx PredictedActual, Normalized

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