A brand is a name, term, sign, symbol, or design which is intended to identify the goods or services of one seller or group of sellers and to differentiate them from those of competitors.

For costumer Identification of

source Risk reducer Cost reducer Promise ,bond or

patch with product Signal of quality

For manufacturer

Identification Legally protecting

unique feature Quality satisfaction Endowing products Competitive

advantage

1. Brand Asset Valuator

Differentiation Energy Relevance Esteem Knowledge

2. Brandz

3. Brand resonance model

Firm Level

Product Level

Consumer Level