meaning of biofuel bio biological resources fuel energy source biofuel energy source from biological...
TRANSCRIPT
![Page 1: Meaning of Biofuel Bio Biological Resources Fuel Energy Source BioFuel Energy Source from Biological Resources](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062308/56649d175503460f949ed73d/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
BIOFUELSProf. Dr. Fatma Ashour
2009
THINK OUTSIDE THE BARREL …THINK GREEN
![Page 2: Meaning of Biofuel Bio Biological Resources Fuel Energy Source BioFuel Energy Source from Biological Resources](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062308/56649d175503460f949ed73d/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Meaning of BiofuelBio
Biological
Resources
Fuel
Energy Source
Bio Fuel
Energy Source from
Biological Resources
![Page 3: Meaning of Biofuel Bio Biological Resources Fuel Energy Source BioFuel Energy Source from Biological Resources](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062308/56649d175503460f949ed73d/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
Biodiesel
![Page 4: Meaning of Biofuel Bio Biological Resources Fuel Energy Source BioFuel Energy Source from Biological Resources](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062308/56649d175503460f949ed73d/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
Feedstock (Raw Material)
Fats
Animal Fat
SoybeanRapeseed
Jatropha
WVO
![Page 5: Meaning of Biofuel Bio Biological Resources Fuel Energy Source BioFuel Energy Source from Biological Resources](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062308/56649d175503460f949ed73d/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
Mixing
Reaction
Separator Washing
Production
![Page 6: Meaning of Biofuel Bio Biological Resources Fuel Energy Source BioFuel Energy Source from Biological Resources](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062308/56649d175503460f949ed73d/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
Bioethanol
![Page 7: Meaning of Biofuel Bio Biological Resources Fuel Energy Source BioFuel Energy Source from Biological Resources](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062308/56649d175503460f949ed73d/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
Feedstock (Raw Material)
![Page 8: Meaning of Biofuel Bio Biological Resources Fuel Energy Source BioFuel Energy Source from Biological Resources](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062308/56649d175503460f949ed73d/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
Production
![Page 9: Meaning of Biofuel Bio Biological Resources Fuel Energy Source BioFuel Energy Source from Biological Resources](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062308/56649d175503460f949ed73d/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
Cellulosic Ethanol
![Page 10: Meaning of Biofuel Bio Biological Resources Fuel Energy Source BioFuel Energy Source from Biological Resources](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062308/56649d175503460f949ed73d/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
Algae Diesel
![Page 11: Meaning of Biofuel Bio Biological Resources Fuel Energy Source BioFuel Energy Source from Biological Resources](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062308/56649d175503460f949ed73d/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
BiomassEnergy CropsAgricultural and Forestry WastesIndustrial and Consumer Wastes
![Page 12: Meaning of Biofuel Bio Biological Resources Fuel Energy Source BioFuel Energy Source from Biological Resources](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062308/56649d175503460f949ed73d/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
Biomass
![Page 13: Meaning of Biofuel Bio Biological Resources Fuel Energy Source BioFuel Energy Source from Biological Resources](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062308/56649d175503460f949ed73d/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
Biogas
![Page 14: Meaning of Biofuel Bio Biological Resources Fuel Energy Source BioFuel Energy Source from Biological Resources](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062308/56649d175503460f949ed73d/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
Biogas Production Steps
![Page 15: Meaning of Biofuel Bio Biological Resources Fuel Energy Source BioFuel Energy Source from Biological Resources](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062308/56649d175503460f949ed73d/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
BioHydrogen
![Page 16: Meaning of Biofuel Bio Biological Resources Fuel Energy Source BioFuel Energy Source from Biological Resources](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062308/56649d175503460f949ed73d/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
BTL (Biomass-to-Liquid)
![Page 17: Meaning of Biofuel Bio Biological Resources Fuel Energy Source BioFuel Energy Source from Biological Resources](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062308/56649d175503460f949ed73d/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
Biofuels vs. Fossil Fuels
![Page 18: Meaning of Biofuel Bio Biological Resources Fuel Energy Source BioFuel Energy Source from Biological Resources](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062308/56649d175503460f949ed73d/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
Biofuels: Strengths & Opportunities1. Fossil fuels contribute to global warming by
increasing GHG emissions
Biofuels reduce GHG emissions (closed carbon dioxide cycle)
BiofuelsFossils
![Page 19: Meaning of Biofuel Bio Biological Resources Fuel Energy Source BioFuel Energy Source from Biological Resources](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062308/56649d175503460f949ed73d/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
Biofuels: Strengths & Opportunities2. Energy Security:
Decrease dependency on crude oil
Decrease imports of crude oil
Energy diversification
3. Renewable
4. Less toxic
5. Sustainable use of otherwise problematic waste
products
![Page 20: Meaning of Biofuel Bio Biological Resources Fuel Energy Source BioFuel Energy Source from Biological Resources](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062308/56649d175503460f949ed73d/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
Biofuels: Strengths & Opportunities6. Economic Benefits
Economic use of wasteland Useful co-products Carbon Credit Opportunities Additional distribution channel for agricultural
products Decentralized production and thus strengthen
rural economies
![Page 21: Meaning of Biofuel Bio Biological Resources Fuel Energy Source BioFuel Energy Source from Biological Resources](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062308/56649d175503460f949ed73d/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
Biofuels: Weaknesses & Threats1. The biofuel market is a relatively new market
2. Feedstock production of biofuels is in competition
with food production
3. Feedstock production may be land consuming
4. Feedstock production largely depends on many
vagaries of nature
![Page 22: Meaning of Biofuel Bio Biological Resources Fuel Energy Source BioFuel Energy Source from Biological Resources](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062308/56649d175503460f949ed73d/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
Biofuels: Weaknesses & Threats5. Economic viability: Fuel prices largely depend on
the sale of co-products
6. Lower energy content per volume than fossil fuels
![Page 23: Meaning of Biofuel Bio Biological Resources Fuel Energy Source BioFuel Energy Source from Biological Resources](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062308/56649d175503460f949ed73d/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
Special Advantages of BiodieselThe properties of biodiesel (viscosity, ignition properties)
are similar to those of fossil diesel.
Cetane number and lubricating effect of biodiesel are
significantly higher than fossil diesel.
The toxicity of biodiesel is lower compared to fossil diesel.
Biodiesel can be blended with petrodiesel at any ratio.
![Page 24: Meaning of Biofuel Bio Biological Resources Fuel Energy Source BioFuel Energy Source from Biological Resources](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062308/56649d175503460f949ed73d/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
Special Advantages of Bioethanol1. Ethanol has a high octane number.
2. Ethanol contains 35% oxygen which reduces particulate and NOx
emissions from combustion when compared to the combustion of
petrol.
3. Combustion of ethanol results in low CO emissions.
4. Bioethanol can be blended with gasoline at any ratio.
5. Ethanol contains no sulfur, causing no emissions of sulfur oxides.
![Page 25: Meaning of Biofuel Bio Biological Resources Fuel Energy Source BioFuel Energy Source from Biological Resources](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062308/56649d175503460f949ed73d/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
Biofuels Market
![Page 26: Meaning of Biofuel Bio Biological Resources Fuel Energy Source BioFuel Energy Source from Biological Resources](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062308/56649d175503460f949ed73d/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
The Effect of Moderating Oil PricesAt oil prices over US$50 per barrel, biofuels are a
cost-effective option to displace conventional gasoline and diesel fuel for transport.
At world crude oil prices of US$80 to $US100 per barrel, biofuels from a wide variety of cellulosic feedstock, including crop residues and forest residues as well as crops that are not common today, would be cost-competitive.
Since biofuels can be produced from many different feedstock that are grown under very different conditions in many different places, there are considerable cost differentials and thus significant opportunities for biofuels trade
![Page 27: Meaning of Biofuel Bio Biological Resources Fuel Energy Source BioFuel Energy Source from Biological Resources](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062308/56649d175503460f949ed73d/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
International Tendencies (Brazil)
![Page 28: Meaning of Biofuel Bio Biological Resources Fuel Energy Source BioFuel Energy Source from Biological Resources](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062308/56649d175503460f949ed73d/html5/thumbnails/28.jpg)
International Tendencies (Africa)
Bioethanol Production Africa 2006: 606,000 liters = 1.2% global production (US + Brazil: 75% global production)