Millennium Development Goals:

A Race Against Time?

David BullExecutive Director

UNICEF UK

VIDEO: CHILDREN EVERYWHERE ARE UNDER PRESSURE

http://www.youtube.com/user/UNICEFUK?blend=21&ob=5#p/search/0/gxmKB4B1Bvw

(4 mins)

Malekena’s Story

“I’ve just walked five hours for my first antenatal visit. I hope that by visiting the clinic my new baby will be born without HIV”

The Millennium Development Goals

Eradicate extreme poverty and hunger

Achieve universal primary education

Promote gender equality and empower women

Reduce child mortality

Improve maternal health

Combat HIV and AIDS, malaria, and other diseases

Ensure environmental sustainability

Develop a global partnership for development

MDG 4: Reduce under 5 child mortality

Figures taken from, Levels and Trends in Child Mortality Report 2011 UN Interagency Group for Child Mortality Estimation

MDG 6: Halt and reverse the HIV epidemic

UNAIDS Report on the Global AIDS Epidemic 2010

Number of people newly infected with HIV

Presentation outline

- Adapting to climate change

- Securing adequate financing

- Reaching the most marginalised

ADAPTING TO CLIMATE CHANGE

Climate change in Mongolia

“In the blizzard I can’t see my way and I’m afraid of getting lost. I’m also afraid of wolves. My cheeks and ears freeze and the skin becomes cracked from frostbite”

Children’s vulnerability to climate change in different countriesRanking Country Total

PopulationUnder 18 population

Under 18 pop’n as %

of total pop’n

1 Bangladesh 150,494,000 61,091,000 41%

2 India 1,241,194,000

447,401,000 36%

3 Madagascar 21,315,000 9,759,000 46%

4 Nepal 30,486,000 12,712,000 42%

5 Mozambique 23,930,000 11,561,000 48%

6 Philippines 94,852,000 37,033,000 39%

7 Haiti 10,124,000 4,316,000 43%

8 Afghanistan 32,358,000 14,897,000 46%

9 Zimbabwe 12,754,000 6,0001,000 47%

138 UK 62,417,000 13,100,000 20%

Children and climate change

• If climate change goes unchecked it could cause up to 250,000 extra child deaths in South Asia and sub-Saharan Africa alone

• By 2015, the number of people affected each year by climate related disasters is likely to rise by an estimated 50%, from 250 million per year to 375 million

Adapting the way we work

Cyclone proof school

Adapting the way we work

Water pump raised above flood levels

Selected donor commitments and disbursements to fast start climate finance

Country Pledged (Thousand USD $)

Committed in 2010 (Thousand

USD $)

EC 215 72

Denmark 231 53

France 1,804 601

Germany 1,804 501

UK 2,454 929

Japan 15,000 7,200

USA 1,704 1,704

Figures compiled by the World Resources Institute - http://pdf.wri.org/climate_finance_pledges_2011-05-09.pdf

Scaling up flows to meet climate finance commitments

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Global aid

With climatefinance

FINDING THE RESOURCES

Global aid flows 2003-2009

Figures adapted from OECD DAC database

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Projected global aid flows 2003-2012

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Total Government Expenditures for selected countries 2005-2012

Austerity Measures Threaten Children and Poor Households: Recent Evidence in Public Expenditures from 128 Developing Countries, Isabel Ortiz, Jingqing Chai, Matthew Cummins. UNICEF (2011)

Projected Change in Total Government Spending, 2011-12 avg. over 2008-09 avg (% of GDP)

Austerity Measures Threaten Children and Poor Households: Recent Evidence in Public Expenditures from 128 Developing Countries, Isabel Ortiz, Jingqing Chai, Matthew Cummins. UNICEF (2011)

Chandika’s story

“A tiny pack of salt used to be three rupees. Now it’s five. Mustard oil is now very expensive at 80 rupees a packet. My children rarely eat anything other than salt and bread”

Options for increased financing

• Increased trade revenue• Improved domestic tax collection• South-South Co-operation• Financial Transaction Tax• Tobacco Tax• Air line Levy• Advance Market Commitments

DEVELOPMENT FOR EVERYONE: ADDRESSING

EQUITY

Mary’s Story

“I’m scared of the dark and the future”

Inequities in access to improved sanitation in Sub Saharan Africa

UNICEF (2010) Progress for Children: Achieving the MDGs with Equity

Under 5 Mortality rate in Brazil: National Level

(deaths per 1,000 births)

Under 5 Mortality rate in Brazil: State Level

(deaths per 1,000 births)

Under 5 Mortality rate in Brazil: Municipal Level

(deaths per 1,000 births)

Millennium Declaration

We have a collective responsibility to uphold the principles of human dignity, equality and equity at the global level.

... we have a duty to all the world’s people, especially the most vulnerable and, in particular, the children of the world, to whom the future belongs.

United Nations Millennium Declaration - http://www.un.org/millennium/declaration/ares552e.htm

Contribution of an equity approach to MDG 4

UNICEF 2010, Narrowing the Gaps to Meet the Goals

An Equity Focused Approach

• Identifying the most deprived children and communities

• Investing in proven, cost-effective interventions

• Overcome bottlenecks and barriers• Partnering with communities• Maximising the impact of available resources

Reaching all children with immunisation in Mozambique

Winning the race to meet the MDGs

- Scale up adaptation to climate change

- Secure adequate financing

- Reach the most marginalised