Achieving the MDGs as a roadmap for vision 202020

in Nigeria.• Presented by Uchenna S.

Arisukwu, Development Consultant/ Executive Director, Namu Nigeria Development Foundation, Abuja at a 1-day leadership seminar at Akwanga West Development Area, Rinze, Nassarawa state on 10-06-09.

• 08035952311, 08077751999

• talk2druche@yahoo.co.uk

THE MDGs- ORIGIN AND SUMMARY

• It will be recalled that at the United Nations’ Millennium summit in September 2000, World leaders from 189 Nations reinforced the global development agenda by adopting the Millennium Declaration which informed the eight Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) as the minimum baseline which set clear targets for reducing: poverty, hunger, disease, HIV/AIDS, Illiteracy, environmental issues, and discrimination against women by 2015.

SUMMARY CONT’D• It was acknowledged that progress is

based on sustainable economic growth. It is also a global compact between rich and poor nations to address the resource gaps, which must focus on the poor, with human rights at the centre. The objective of the Millennium Declaration is to promote "a comprehensive approach and a coordinated strategy, tackling many problems simultaneously across a broad front."

SUMMARY CONT’D• It is also a global compact between rich and

poor nations to address the resource gaps.The eight Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) – which range from halving extreme poverty to halting the spread of HIV/AIDS and providing universal primary education promote gender equality, reduce maternal mortality, reduce child mortality, ensure environmental sustainability and develop a global partnership, all by the target date of 2015.

The 8 Goals• Goal 1- Eradication of extreme poverty hunger• Goal 2 – Achieve Universal Basic Education• Goal 3 – Promote Gender Equality & empower

women• Goal 4 – Reduce child mortality• Goal 5 – Improve maternal health• Goal 6 – Combat HIV/Aids, malaria & other

diseases• Goal 7 – Ensure environmental sustainability• Goal 8 – Develop a global partnership for

development

And……

• These Goals constitute an ambitious rights based agenda to significantly improve the human condition by 2015. It is worthy to mention of the eight goals, three are health specific, namely: goals 4, reduce Child Mortality, goal 5, Improve maternal health and goal 6, Combat HIV/AIDs, Malaria and other diseases

HALFWAY THROUGH, HOW FAR?

• We are today, a little over the halfway mark to the target date of 2015. In September 2008 a mid-term assessment of where Nigeria and Africa stand in terms of achieving the MDGs was exhaustively discussed and key issues addressed in the outcomes of further commitments made by national governments, multilaterals and bilateral

STATS…

GOAL 1- ERADICATE EXTREME HUNGER & POVERTY

• GDP per capita (PPP US$):  1,166 • About 55% live below the poverty level of 1$

per day• GDP growth (annual %):  5.9 • Inflation, GDP deflator (annual %):  4.8 • Life expectancy at birth (years):  46.6

GOAL 2: ACHIEVE UNIVERSAL PRIMARY

EDUCATION

• Net enrolment ratio in primary education (% both sexes):  65.0

• Percentage of pupils starting Grade 1 and reach Grade 5 (% both sexes):  62.6

GOAL 3: PROMOTE GENDER EQUALITY AND EMPOWER WOMEN

• Gender parity Index in primary level enrolment (ratio of girls to boys):  0.8

• Literacy rates of 15-24 years old (% both sexes):  86.7

• Seats held by women in national parliament (%):  6.1

GOAL 4: REDUCE CHILD MORTALITY

• Mortality rate of children under 5 years old (per 1,000 live births):  191

• 1-year-old children immunized against measles (%):  62

GOAL 5: IMPROVE MATERNAL HEALTH

• Worsening indices for child and maternal mortality• Weakening health systems, management capacity and huge health

worker resource gaps• Inadequate infrastructure to support access and service delivery• Insufficient resource flows for routine services• Poor attendance of rural populace to healthcare• Inadequate involvement of communities and key stakeholders• About 56,000 or 1100 out of every 100,000 women still die annually

from complications pregnancy and child birth occurring from such causes as hemorrhage, amnesia, infection and wait for this! Ignorance and illiteracy.

GOAL 6: COMBAT HIV/AIDS, MALARIA AND

OTHER DISEASES

• People living with HIV,15-49 yrs old (%):  3.1

• Prevalence of tuberculosis (per 100,000 people):  615

GOAL 7: ENSURE ENVIRONMENTAL SUSTAINABILITY

• Land area covered by forest (%):  12.2 • Carbon dioxide emissions per capita

(metric tons):  0.8263 • Access to improved drinking water

sources (% of total population):  47

GOAL 8: DEVELOP A GLOBAL PARTNERSHIP FOR DEVELOPMENT

• Internet users (per 100 people):  6.0

• These challenges for Nigeria as a nation are daunting but not insurmountable. During the next 7 years our countdown strategy will have to clearly lay out a road map that has concrete milestones and articulate and define the roles and responsibilities of the 3 tiers of Government, the Private Sector, Civil Society and our International Development Partners. They must build on the current and past efforts of government while learning from the past strategies and investments that have not borne the desired fruit for our teeming population. They must be center and front of the 7 Point Agenda and integrated into the Vision 2020, in other words we must domesticate all the MDGs ensuring they are kept interdependent and mutually reinforcing.

THE 7-POINT AGENDATHE 7-POINT AGENDA

•POWER AND ENERGY•FOOD SECURITY•WEALTH CREATION•TRANSPORT SECTOR•LAND REFORMS•SECURITY•EDUCATION

POWER AND ENERGY

•The infrastructural reforms in this critical sector through the development of sufficient and adequate power supply will be to ensure Nigeria’s ability to develop as a modern economy and an industrial nation by the year 2015.

FOOD SECURITY

• This reform is primarily agrarian based. The emphasis on the development of modern technology, research, financial injection into research, production and development of agricultural inputs will revolutionalize the agricultural sector leading to a 5 – 10 fold increase in yield and production. This will result in massive domestic and commercial outputs and technological knowledge transfer to farmers.

WEALTH CREATION

• By virtue of its reliance on revenue from non-renewal oil, Nigeria has yet to develop industrially. This reform is focused on wealth creation through diversified production especially in the agricultural and solid mineral sector. This requires Nigerians to choose to work, as hard work by all is required to achieve this reform.

TRANSPORT SECTOR

• The transportation sector in Nigeria with its poor roads networks is an inefficient means of mass transit of people and goods. With a goal of a modernized industrialized Nigeria, it is mandatory that Nigeria develops its transport sector. The federal government has already started this process by the ongoing rehabilitation and modernization of the railway. While the reforms might take some time to take effect, it is a need that must be addressed.

LAND REFORMS

• While hundreds of billions of dollars have been lost through unused government-owned landed asset, changes in the land laws and the emergence of land reforms will optimize Nigeria’s growth through the release of lands for commercialized farming and other large scale business by the private sector. The final result will ensure improvements and boosts to the production and wealth creation initiatives.

SECURITY

• An unfriendly security climate precludes both external and internal investment into the nation. Thus, security will be seen as not only a constitutional requirement but also as a necessary infrastructure for the development of a modern Nigerian economy. With its particular needs, the Niger Delta security issue will be the primary focus, marshaled not with physical policing or military security, but through honest and accurate dialogue between the people and the Federal Government.

EDUCATION

• The two-fold reforms in the educational sector will ensure firstly the minimum acceptable international standards of education for all. With that achieved, a strategic educational development plan will ensure excellence in both the tutoring and learning of skills in science and technology by students who will be seen as the future innovators and industrialists of Nigeria. This reform will be achieved through massive injection into the Education sector.

VISION 202020

• THE BACKGROUND

• Following the success of the economic reforms in the country, Nigeria has been tipped to become the 20th largest economy in the world by 2025.

The Goldman Sachs research organisation says the country may grow in subsequent 25 years time to become the 12th largest economy in the world.

The world-renowned researchers say in their latest release on Brazil, Russia, India, and China (BRIC) that aside from the BRIC nations that have experienced fast economic growth in recent times, another group appears to be sprouting in the world economic arena.

This new group referred to as the Next Eleven (N-11) comprises Malaysia, Egypt, Indonesia, Iran, Korea, Mexico, Nigeria, Pakistan, Argentina, Turkey, and Vietnam.

The report however warns that of the countries, only Mexico and perhaps Korea have the capacity to become as important globally

G20

• The G-20 (more formally, the Group of Twenty Finance Ministers and Central Bank Governors) is a group of finance ministers and central bank governors from 20 economies: 19 of the world's largest national economies, plus the European Union (EU). It also met twice at heads-of-government level, in November 2008 and again in April 2009. Collectively, the G-20 economies comprise 85%[3] of global gross national product, 80% of world trade (including EU intra-trade) and two-thirds of the world population.[2]

• The G-20 is a forum for cooperation and consultation on matters pertaining to the international financial system. It studies, reviews, and promotes discussion among key industrial and emerging market countries of policy issues pertaining to the promotion of international financial stability, and seeks to address issues that go beyond the responsibilities of any one organization.

ORGANIZATION

• The G-20 operates without a permanent secretariat or staff. The chair rotates annually among the members and is selected from a different regional grouping of countries. The chair is part of a revolving three-member management group of past, present and future chairs referred to as the Troika. The incumbent chair establishes a temporary secretariat for the duration of its term, which coordinates the group's work and organizes its meetings. The role of the Troika is to ensure continuity in the G-20's work and management across host years.

Members of G-20

• In 2009, there are 20 members of the G-20. These include the finance ministers and central bank governors of 19 countries:

• Argentina • Australia • Brazil • Canada • China • France • Germany • India • Indonesia • Italy • Japan • Mexico • Russia • Saudi Arabia • South Africa • South Korea • Turkey • United Kingdom • United States

Members of G-20

• The 20th member is the European Union, which is represented by the rotating Council presidency and the European Central Bank.

• In addition to these 20 members, the following forums and institutions, as represented by their respective chief executive officers, participate in meetings of the G-20:[2]

• International Monetary Fund • World Bank • International Monetary and Financial Committee • Development Committee of the IMF and World Bank

THEIR CLOUT• All 19 member nations are amongst the

top 31 economies as measured in GDP at nominal prices in a list published by the International Monetary Fund (IMF) for 2008.[4] Excluding Taiwan (19), the countries of Switzerland (21), Norway (24), Iran (27) and Venezuela (30) are excluded from the G-20, while ranking higher than some of the members. Spain (9), Netherlands (16), Poland (18), Belgium (20), Sweden (22), Austria (25), Greece (26) and Denmark (28) are included only as part of the EU and not independently. When the countries' GDP is measured at purchasing power parity (PPP) rates, all 19 members are among the top 24 in the world in 2008, according to the IMF.[5] Excluding Taiwan (19), the countries of Iran (17) and Thailand (23) are not G-20 members, while Spain (12), Netherlands (19) and Poland (20) are only included in the EU slot. However, in a list of average GDP, calculated for the years since the group's creation (1999-2008) at both nominal and PPP rates, only Spain, Netherlands and Poland appear above any G-20 member in both lists simultaneously.[6] It often argued that the G20, although it is more representative of the G8, is not entitled to take decisions that concern everybody because it represents a group of states randomly selected. The G20 has not a Charter and its debates are not public, making it an undemocratic institution [7]. The alternative could be represented by an within the United Nations where members should be elected by the General Assembly on their importance in the world economy but also to the contribution they are willing to provide to economic development.

HISTORY

• The G-20, which superseded the G33, which had itself superseded the G22, was foreshadowed at the Cologne Summit of the G7 in June 1999, but was formally established at the G7 Finance Ministers' meeting on September 26, 1999. The inaugural meeting took place on December 15-16, 1999 in Berlin. In 2008 Spain and The Netherlands were included by French invitation for the G-20 Leaders Summit on Financial Markets and the World Economy and then were admitted as members de facto by the UK.

Since 2006• G20 Leaders Summit on Financial Markets and the World Economy in

Washington, D.C. on 15 November 2008.• In 2006 the theme of the G-20 meeting was “Building and Sustaining

Prosperity”. The issues discussed included domestic reforms to achieve “sustained growth”, global energy and resource commodity markets, ‘reform’ of the World Bank and IMF, and the impact of demographic changes due to an aging population.

• Trevor A. Manuel, MP, Minister of Finance, Republic of South Africa, was the chairperson of the G-20 when South Africa hosted the Secretariat in 2007. Guido Mantega, Minister of Finance, Brazil, was the chairperson of on November 15, 2008.[9] G20 the G-20 in 2008; Brazil proposed dialogue on competition in financial markets, clean energy and economic development and fiscal elements of growth and development. In a statement following a meeting of G7 finance ministers on October 11, 2008, U.S. President George W. Bush stated that the next meeting of the G-20 would be important in finding solutions to the (then called) economic crisis of 2008. An initiative by French President Nicolas Sarkozy and British Prime Minister Gordon Brown led to a special meeting of the G-20, a G-20 Leaders Summit on Financial Markets and the World Economy, leaders met again in London on 2 April 2009.[10] Another G20 summit is scheduled to be held 24-25 September, 2009 in Pittsburgh, PA, USA. [11]

London summit 2009

• As hosts, the UK Treasury produced an extended agenda pamphlet proposing the issues to be covered at the London Summit:[12]

• Coordinated macro-economic actions to revive the global economy, stimulate growth and employment - review measures taken and possible further steps

• Reform and improve financial sector & systems - continue to deliver progress on the Washington Summit action plan

• Reform international financial institutions (IFIs) - International Monetary Fund (IMF), Financial Stability Forum (FSF) and World Bank

Locations of G-20 meetings

• 1999: Berlin,  Germany • 2000: Montreal,  Canada • 2001: Ottawa,  Canada • 2002: Delhi,  India • 2003: Morelia,  Mexico • 2004: Berlin,  Germany • 2005: Beijing,  China • 2006: Melbourne,  Australia • 2007: Cape Town,  South Africa • 2008: São Paulo,  Brazil • 2008: Washington, D.C.,  United States[13] • 2009: London,  United Kingdom • 2009: Pittsburgh,  United States • 2010: Las Vegas,  United States

THE WAY FORWARD

• The MDGs are a surer way of achieving the 202020 vision.

• Its everybody’s business• The cup is half-full and not half-empty• As leaders we must all contribute in our

own way• Lets all support the 7-point agenda

RECAP

• We observed protocols• Talked on the MDGs-the goals, their

origin, their objectives, and where we are now

• The 7-point agenda• Then vision 202020: Its background,

members, locations of meetings and the organization

• The way forward• Finally, we tried to recap.

THANK YOU