©mcgraw-hill higher education chapter 1 an overview of the new testament

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©McGraw-Hill Higher Education Chapter 1 An Overview of the New Testament

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Page 1: ©McGraw-Hill Higher Education Chapter 1 An Overview of the New Testament

©McGraw-Hill Higher Education

Chapter 1

An Overview of the New Testament

Page 2: ©McGraw-Hill Higher Education Chapter 1 An Overview of the New Testament

©McGraw-Hill Higher Education

Key Topics/Themes

• New Testament: twenty-seven documents• Four Gospels• A church history• Letters• An apocalypse• Other Christian documents• Diversity of early Jesus movement

Page 3: ©McGraw-Hill Higher Education Chapter 1 An Overview of the New Testament

©McGraw-Hill Higher Education

What Is the New Testament?

• The New Testament as “scripture”• Appreciating the cultural world of the

New Testament– A society far different from ours– The Jewish world of Jesus: Palestine– An agrarian, peasant society– Interaction of Palestinian Jewish and

Greco-Roman cultures

Page 4: ©McGraw-Hill Higher Education Chapter 1 An Overview of the New Testament

©McGraw-Hill Higher Education

The New Testament and the Hebrew Bible

• Relationship between the New Testament and the Hebrew Bible

• The Hebrew Bible as Scripture for early Christians

Page 5: ©McGraw-Hill Higher Education Chapter 1 An Overview of the New Testament

©McGraw-Hill Higher Education

Testament and Covenant

• The nature of the covenant with Yahweh in the Hebrew Bible

• The promise of a “new covenant” (Jer. 31:31)

• Jesus’ declaration of a new covenant

Page 6: ©McGraw-Hill Higher Education Chapter 1 An Overview of the New Testament

©McGraw-Hill Higher Education

The Septuagint

• Written in Alexandria, Egypt• Beginning about 250 B.C.E.• Legend in the Letter of Aristeas• Abbreviation: LXX• Standard biblical text for Jews in New

Testament period• Version most frequently quoted in New

Testament

Page 7: ©McGraw-Hill Higher Education Chapter 1 An Overview of the New Testament

©McGraw-Hill Higher Education

Language and Literature of the New Testament

• Koinē Greek

• New Testament literary forms– Gospel– Church history– Letters, or epistles– Apocalyptic literature– Subgenres within New Testament books

Page 8: ©McGraw-Hill Higher Education Chapter 1 An Overview of the New Testament

©McGraw-Hill Higher Education

Diversity and Unity in the New Testament Documents

• Early Christians ethnically and theologically diverse

• Gentile Christians

• Jewish Christians

• Community of the Gospel of John

• Pseudonymous works

• Diverse views toward Roman authority

Page 9: ©McGraw-Hill Higher Education Chapter 1 An Overview of the New Testament

©McGraw-Hill Higher Education

Other Early Christian Literature

• Struggle for orthodoxy and contents of the New Testament

• Diverse interpretations of importance of Jesus in God’s plan

• The Gospel of Thomas

Page 10: ©McGraw-Hill Higher Education Chapter 1 An Overview of the New Testament

©McGraw-Hill Higher Education

Scholarly Approaches to the New Testament

• Scholarly vs. devotional approaches

• Development of analytical methods for biblical research

• Biblical criticism

• Coordinating critical methodologies and spiritual concerns

Page 11: ©McGraw-Hill Higher Education Chapter 1 An Overview of the New Testament

©McGraw-Hill Higher Education

Summary

• New Testament– Greek documents– Written ca. 50-140 C.E.

• Hebrew Bible (Tanak)

• Other Christian documents

• Diversity of early Christianity

• Importance of scholarly analysis

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