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McGraw-Hill Copyright © 2001 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.
Quotation Marks and Quotation Marks and Other Punctuation Other Punctuation
MarksMarks
Quotation Marks and Quotation Marks and Other Punctuation Other Punctuation
MarksMarks
Prepared by ProfessorsPrepared by Professors
Rita Perkins and Paul HarrisRita Perkins and Paul Harris
Camden County CollegeCamden County College
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Quotation Marks Quotation Marks “ ”“ ”Quotation Marks Quotation Marks “ ”“ ”
There are two main uses of quotation There are two main uses of quotation marks.marks. To set off the To set off the EXACTEXACT words of a words of a
speaker or writer.speaker or writer. To set off the titles of short works.To set off the titles of short works.
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Use quotation marks to show the Use quotation marks to show the exact words of a speaker or writer.exact words of a speaker or writer.
NOT NEEDEDNOT NEEDED
Jennifer said that she enjoyed Jennifer said that she enjoyed shopping for clothes.shopping for clothes.
NEEDEDNEEDED
Jennifer said, “I enjoy shopping forJennifer said, “I enjoy shopping for clothes.”clothes.”
Quotation Marks Quotation Marks “ ”“ ”Quotation Marks Quotation Marks “ ”“ ”
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Punctuation NotesPunctuation NotesPunctuation NotesPunctuation Notes
EXAMPLE:EXAMPLE: Ryan explained, “ The skis are on sale Ryan explained, “ The skis are on sale until tomorrow.”until tomorrow.”– A comma sets off the quoted part from the rest of A comma sets off the quoted part from the rest of
the sentence.the sentence.– Periods at the end of the a quote goPeriods at the end of the a quote go INSIDE INSIDE the the
quotation marks.quotation marks. EXAMPLE:EXAMPLE: “If the mall opens at nine,” David said, “If the mall opens at nine,” David said,
“we can eat breakfast there.”“we can eat breakfast there.”– Commas that come at the end of a quoted Commas that come at the end of a quoted
sections go inside the quotation marks.sections go inside the quotation marks.
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Capitalization NotesCapitalization NotesCapitalization NotesCapitalization Notes
EXAMPLE:EXAMPLE: Martha explained, “The flower Martha explained, “The flower shop is my favorite store to visit.”shop is my favorite store to visit.”– Every quotation begins with a capital Every quotation begins with a capital
letter.letter. EXAMPLE: EXAMPLE: “Bands play music every “Bands play music every
Wednesday night,” Jason said, “especially Wednesday night,” Jason said, “especially in the new coffee shop.”in the new coffee shop.”– When a quotation is split, the second part When a quotation is split, the second part
does not begin with a capital letter unless does not begin with a capital letter unless it is another complete sentence.it is another complete sentence.
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TitlesTitlesTitlesTitles
The second main use of quotation The second main use of quotation marks is with titles of short works. marks is with titles of short works.
– With titles of major works we use With titles of major works we use italicsitalics..
– If a font with italics is not available, If a font with italics is not available, the titles of long works arethe titles of long works are underlined.
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Use quotation marks to set off the titles Use quotation marks to set off the titles of of articlesarticles, , short storiesshort stories, , poemspoems, and , and songssongs..
Long works such as novels, magazine Long works such as novels, magazine titles, and movies are either in titles, and movies are either in italicsitalics or or they are they are underlinedunderlined..
– Example:Example: The bookstore sells The bookstore sells Teen Teen FadFad magazine which has the article magazine which has the article “Why Tattoos Attract Men.”“Why Tattoos Attract Men.”
TitlesTitlesTitlesTitles
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Special Uses of Quotation Special Uses of Quotation MarksMarksSpecial Uses of Quotation Special Uses of Quotation MarksMarks
To set off special words or phrases To set off special words or phrases from the rest of a sentence.from the rest of a sentence.
Rob’s “nutritious lunch” consisted of Rob’s “nutritious lunch” consisted of a candy bar and a bag of corn chips.a candy bar and a bag of corn chips.
To mark a quote within a quote. For To mark a quote within a quote. For this purpose, use single quotes.this purpose, use single quotes.
Jamie said, “My favorite short story is Jamie said, “My favorite short story is ‘Twirling’ by Carolyn Murphy.”‘Twirling’ by Carolyn Murphy.”
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Other Punctuation Other Punctuation MarksMarksOther Punctuation Other Punctuation MarksMarks
COLON(:)COLON(:)
– There are several uses of the There are several uses of the colon.colon.
Telling timeTelling time 2:30 2:30 Biblical referencesBiblical references John 11:35 John 11:35
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The colon is often a mark of The colon is often a mark of introduction. Use the colon at the end of introduction. Use the colon at the end of a COMPLETE statement to do the a COMPLETE statement to do the following:following:
Introduce a list which explains the Introduce a list which explains the complete statement.complete statement.
EXAMPLE: EXAMPLE: The music store sells a The music store sells a wide variety of items: compact wide variety of items: compact discs, cassettes, and clothes.discs, cassettes, and clothes.
Colon (:)Colon (:)Colon (:)Colon (:)
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Introduce a long quotation.Introduce a long quotation.
EXAMPLE:EXAMPLE: The policy is stated on the The policy is stated on the doordoor:: All our merchandise is considered All our merchandise is considered valuable. Those who enter this store are valuable. Those who enter this store are responsible for their behavior. This responsible for their behavior. This includes children, who must be includes children, who must be supervised. If any customer damages supervised. If any customer damages any merchandise, he must pay for it.any merchandise, he must pay for it.
Colon (:)Colon (:)Colon (:)Colon (:)
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SEMICOLON (;)SEMICOLON (;)SEMICOLON (;)SEMICOLON (;)
The The semicolonsemicolon is used to join two is used to join two complete thoughts that are so complete thoughts that are so closely connected that you want to closely connected that you want to write them as one sentence.write them as one sentence.
Marty was not a cashier; he was a Marty was not a cashier; he was a sales associate.sales associate.
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HYPHEN (-)HYPHEN (-)
There are two uses for the hyphen.There are two uses for the hyphen. With two or more words that act as a single With two or more words that act as a single
unit describing a noun. unit describing a noun.
The one-of-a-kind Christmas wreaths were The one-of-a-kind Christmas wreaths were very expensive.very expensive.
To divide a word at the end of a line of To divide a word at the end of a line of writing or typing.writing or typing.
The salespersons attended train- ing The salespersons attended train- ing sessions to insure that even when customers sessions to insure that even when customers are antagonistic, the staff responds politely.are antagonistic, the staff responds politely.
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PARENTHESIS ( )PARENTHESIS ( )PARENTHESIS ( )PARENTHESIS ( )
Use parentheses to set off extra or incidental Use parentheses to set off extra or incidental information from the rest of a sentence.information from the rest of a sentence.
In modern malls the food court (once a In modern malls the food court (once a simple soda fountain) has become a simple soda fountain) has become a meeting place for friends.meeting place for friends.
NOTE: NOTE: Sometimes parentheses enclose Sometimes parentheses enclose letters or numbers that signal items in a letters or numbers that signal items in a series.series.
SPECIAL NOTE:SPECIAL NOTE: DO NOT USE DO NOT USE PARENTHESES TOO OFTEN.PARENTHESES TOO OFTEN.
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Punctuation ReviewPunctuation Review
Americans debate whether the citizens could accept a woman as president yet women have ruled numerous countries throughout history.
Americans debate whether the citizens could accept a woman as president___yet women have ruled numerous countries throughout history.
Insert punctuation where necessary.Insert punctuation where necessary.
,,
Answer: , commaAnswer: , comma
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Punctuation ReviewPunctuation Review
Cleopatra 69-30 BC was the queen of Cleopatra 69-30 BC was the queen of Egypt from 51-30 BC.Egypt from 51-30 BC.
Cleopatra Cleopatra __(___(_ 69-30 BC 69-30 BC_)__)__ was the _ was the queen of Egypt from 51-30 BC.queen of Egypt from 51-30 BC.
Insert punctuation where necessary.Insert punctuation where necessary.
Answer ( ) parenthesesAnswer ( ) parentheses
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Punctuation ReviewPunctuation Review
Cleopatra 69-30 BC was the queen of Cleopatra 69-30 BC was the queen of Egypt from 51-30 BC.Egypt from 51-30 BC.
Cleopatra Cleopatra ((69-30 BC69-30 BC)) was the queen of was the queen of Egypt from 51-30 BC.Egypt from 51-30 BC.
Insert punctuation where necessary.Insert punctuation where necessary.
Answer ( ) parenthesesAnswer ( ) parentheses
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Punctuation ReviewPunctuation Review
When Octavian later known as the Roman When Octavian later known as the Roman Emperor Augustus declared war against Emperor Augustus declared war against Cleopatra and Mark Anthony the queen Cleopatra and Mark Anthony the queen insisted on taking part in the military insisted on taking part in the military campaign.campaign.
Insert punctuation where necessary.Insert punctuation where necessary.
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Punctuation ReviewPunctuation Review
When Octavian_When Octavian_(_(__ later known as the _ later known as the Roman Emperor Augustus__)_ declared Roman Emperor Augustus__)_ declared war against Cleopatra and Mark war against Cleopatra and Mark Anthony Anthony __,,___the queen insisted on taking _the queen insisted on taking part in the military campaign.part in the military campaign.
Insert punctuation where necessary.Insert punctuation where necessary.
Answer ( ) parentheses/ , commaAnswer ( ) parentheses/ , comma
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Punctuation ReviewPunctuation Review
When Octavian When Octavian ((later known as the Roman later known as the Roman Emperor AugustusEmperor Augustus)) declared war against declared war against Cleopatra and Mark AnthonyCleopatra and Mark Anthony,, the queen the queen insisted on taking part in the military insisted on taking part in the military campaign.campaign.
Insert punctuation where necessary.Insert punctuation where necessary.
Answer ( ) parentheses/ , commaAnswer ( ) parentheses/ , comma
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Punctuation ReviewPunctuation Review
Mark Anthony who was deceived by a Mark Anthony who was deceived by a false report of the death of Cleopatra false report of the death of Cleopatra could not face life without her and could not face life without her and committed suicide.committed suicide.
Insert punctuation where necessary.Insert punctuation where necessary.
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Punctuation ReviewPunctuation Review
Mark Anthony___ who was deceived by a Mark Anthony___ who was deceived by a false report of the death of Cleopatra false report of the death of Cleopatra ___could not face life without her and ___could not face life without her and committed suicide.committed suicide.
Insert punctuation where necessary.Insert punctuation where necessary.
Answer- personal preference either comma, parentheses, Answer- personal preference either comma, parentheses, or even dashes.or even dashes.Note: Note: No comma before the “and” because there are not two No comma before the “and” because there are not two complete sentences.complete sentences.
Answer- personal preference either comma, parentheses, Answer- personal preference either comma, parentheses, or even dashes.or even dashes.Note: Note: No comma before the “and” because there are not two No comma before the “and” because there are not two complete sentences.complete sentences.
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Punctuation ReviewPunctuation Review
Mark AnthonyMark Anthony,, who was deceived by a false who was deceived by a false report of the death of Cleopatrareport of the death of Cleopatra, , could not face life without her and could not face life without her and committed suicide.committed suicide.
Insert punctuation where necessary.Insert punctuation where necessary.
Answer- personal preference either comma, parentheses, Answer- personal preference either comma, parentheses, or even dashes.or even dashes.Note: Note: No comma before the “and” because there are not two No comma before the “and” because there are not two complete sentences.complete sentences.
Answer- personal preference either comma, parentheses, Answer- personal preference either comma, parentheses, or even dashes.or even dashes.Note: Note: No comma before the “and” because there are not two No comma before the “and” because there are not two complete sentences.complete sentences.
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Punctuation ReviewPunctuation Review
Catherine the Great was not the first Catherine the Great was not the first empress of Russia named Catherine she empress of Russia named Catherine she was the second of that name.was the second of that name.
Catherine the Great was not the first Catherine the Great was not the first empress of Russia named Catherine___ empress of Russia named Catherine___ she was the second of that name.she was the second of that name.
Insert punctuation where necessary.Insert punctuation where necessary.
Answer ; semicolonAnswer ; semicolon
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Punctuation ReviewPunctuation Review
Catherine the Great was not the first Catherine the Great was not the first empress of Russia named Catherine she empress of Russia named Catherine she was the second of that name.was the second of that name.
Catherine the Great was not the first Catherine the Great was not the first empress of Russia named Catherineempress of Russia named Catherine; ; she she was the second of that name.was the second of that name.
Insert punctuation where necessary.Insert punctuation where necessary.
Answer ; semicolonAnswer ; semicolon
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Punctuation ReviewPunctuation Review
Catherine the Great established new Catherine the Great established new institutions in Russia the first Russian institutions in Russia the first Russian school for girls a medical college and school for girls a medical college and health care for her subjects.health care for her subjects.
Catherine the Great established new Catherine the Great established new institutions in Russia___ the first Russian institutions in Russia___ the first Russian school for girls___ a medical college___ school for girls___ a medical college___ and health care for her subjects.and health care for her subjects.
Insert punctuation where necessary.Insert punctuation where necessary.
Answer : colon / , comma / commaAnswer : colon / , comma / comma
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Punctuation ReviewPunctuation Review
Catherine the Great established new Catherine the Great established new institutions in Russia the first Russian institutions in Russia the first Russian school for girls a medical college and school for girls a medical college and health care for her subjects.health care for her subjects.
Catherine the Great established new Catherine the Great established new institutions in Russiainstitutions in Russia:: the first Russian the first Russian school for girlsschool for girls,, a medical college a medical college,, and and health care for her subjects.health care for her subjects.
Insert punctuation where necessary.Insert punctuation where necessary.
Answer : colon / , comma / commaAnswer : colon / , comma / comma
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Punctuation ReviewPunctuation Review
People believe that Marie Antoinette said People believe that Marie Antoinette said Let them eat cake.Let them eat cake.
People believe that Marie Antoinette said___ People believe that Marie Antoinette said___ ___ Let them eat cake.______ Let them eat cake.___
Insert punctuation where necessary.Insert punctuation where necessary.
Answer : , comma/ “open quote /Answer : , comma/ “open quote /” ” closed quoteclosed quote
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People believe that Marie Antoinette said People believe that Marie Antoinette said Let them eat cake.Let them eat cake.
People believe that Marie Antoinette saidPeople believe that Marie Antoinette said, , ““ Let them eat cake Let them eat cake.”.”
Insert punctuation where necessary.Insert punctuation where necessary.
Answer : , comma/ “open quote /Answer : , comma/ “open quote /” ” closed quoteclosed quote
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Punctuation ReviewPunctuation Review
Kerry replied When the Habsburg family Kerry replied When the Habsburg family reigned in Europe, one very successful reigned in Europe, one very successful ruler was a woman. What was her name?ruler was a woman. What was her name?
Kerry replied___ ___When the Habsburg Kerry replied___ ___When the Habsburg family reigned in Europe, one very family reigned in Europe, one very successful ruler was a woman. What was successful ruler was a woman. What was her name?___her name?___
Insert punctuation where necessary.Insert punctuation where necessary.Answer : , comma/ “open quote /Answer : , comma/ “open quote /
” ” closed quoteclosed quote
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Note:No punctuation here. Do notNote:No punctuation here. Do notclose the quotation marks until close the quotation marks until thethespeaker completes his speech.speaker completes his speech.
Note:No punctuation here. Do notNote:No punctuation here. Do notclose the quotation marks until close the quotation marks until thethespeaker completes his speech.speaker completes his speech.
Punctuation ReviewPunctuation Review
Kerry replied When the Habsburg family Kerry replied When the Habsburg family reigned in Europe, one very successful reigned in Europe, one very successful ruler was a woman. What was her name?ruler was a woman. What was her name?
Kerry repliedKerry replied, “, “When the Habsburg family When the Habsburg family reigned in Europe, one very successful reigned in Europe, one very successful ruler was a woman. What was her nameruler was a woman. What was her name?”?”
Insert punctuation where necessary.Insert punctuation where necessary.Answer : , comma/ “open quote /Answer : , comma/ “open quote /
” ” closed quoteclosed quote
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Punctuation ReviewPunctuation Review
I always get confused Bernie said about I always get confused Bernie said about Mary Queen of Scotts.Mary Queen of Scotts.
___I always get confused___ ___ Bernie ___I always get confused___ ___ Bernie said ___ ___about Mary Queen of said ___ ___about Mary Queen of Scotts.___Scotts.___
Insert punctuation where necessary.Insert punctuation where necessary.
Answer : “open quote/ , commaAnswer : “open quote/ , comma” ” closed quote/ , comma/closed quote/ , comma/
“ “open quote/ open quote/ ” ” closed quoteclosed quote
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Punctuation ReviewPunctuation Review
I always get confused Bernie said about I always get confused Bernie said about Mary Queen of Scotts.Mary Queen of Scotts.
““I always get confusedI always get confused,”,” Bernie said Bernie said, “, “about about Mary Queen of ScottsMary Queen of Scotts.”.”
Insert punctuation where necessary.Insert punctuation where necessary.
Answer : “open quote/ , commaAnswer : “open quote/ , comma” ” closed quote/ , comma/closed quote/ , comma/
“ “open quote/ open quote/ ” ” closed quoteclosed quote
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Punctuation ReviewPunctuation Review
Pocahontas was an influential character in Pocahontas was an influential character in American history our own princess.American history our own princess.
Pocahontas was an influential character in Pocahontas was an influential character in American history___ our own princess.American history___ our own princess.
Insert punctuation where necessary.Insert punctuation where necessary.
Answer : - dashAnswer : - dash
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Pocahontas was an influential character in Pocahontas was an influential character in American history our own princess.American history our own princess.
Pocahontas was an influential character in Pocahontas was an influential character in American history American history -- our own princess. our own princess.
Insert punctuation where necessary.Insert punctuation where necessary.
Answer : - dashAnswer : - dash
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1111. . We believe that the make it happen We believe that the make it happen thinking of American pioneer women thinking of American pioneer women helped make this country great.helped make this country great.
We believe that the make ___ it ___ happen We believe that the make ___ it ___ happen thinking of American pioneer women thinking of American pioneer women helped make this country great.helped make this country great.
Insert punctuation where necessary.Insert punctuation where necessary.
Answer : - hyphensAnswer : - hyphens
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1111. . We believe that the make it happen We believe that the make it happen thinking of American pioneer women thinking of American pioneer women helped make this country great.helped make this country great.
We believe that the make We believe that the make -- it it -- happen happen thinking of American pioneer women thinking of American pioneer women helped make this country great.helped make this country great.
Insert punctuation where necessary.Insert punctuation where necessary.
Answer : - hyphensAnswer : - hyphens
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Punctuation ReviewPunctuation Review
1212. . My uncle confided to us I often think of My uncle confided to us I often think of the poem On A Political Prisoner by Yeats the poem On A Political Prisoner by Yeats when conflicts arise.when conflicts arise.
My uncle confided to us ___ ___ I often think My uncle confided to us ___ ___ I often think of the poem ___On A Political of the poem ___On A Political Prisoner ___ by Yeats when conflicts Prisoner ___ by Yeats when conflicts arise.___arise.___
Insert punctuation where necessary.Insert punctuation where necessary.Answer : ,comma/ “open quote/ Answer : ,comma/ “open quote/
‘‘single quote/ ’single quote/single quote/ ’single quote/””closed quote closed quote
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Punctuation ReviewPunctuation Review
1212. . My uncle confided to us I often think of My uncle confided to us I often think of the poem On A Political Prisoner by Yeats the poem On A Political Prisoner by Yeats when conflicts arise.when conflicts arise.
My uncle confided to usMy uncle confided to us,, ““I often think of the I often think of the poem poem ‘‘On A Political PrisonerOn A Political Prisoner’’ by Yeats by Yeats when conflicts arise.when conflicts arise.””
Insert punctuation where necessary.Insert punctuation where necessary.Answer : ,comma/ “open quote/ Answer : ,comma/ “open quote/
‘‘single quote/ ’single quote / single quote/ ’single quote / ””closed quoteclosed quote
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Any questions?Any questions?