m.boothapandi research scholar department of zoology university of madras chennai prof. r. ramanibai...
TRANSCRIPT
M.BoothapandiResearch Scholar
Department of ZoologyUniversity of Madras
Chennai
Prof. R. RamanibaiResearch Supervisor & Guide
Department of ZoologyUniversity of Madras
Chennai
• Immunomodulators are drugs which either suppress or stimulate the immune system – (Immunosuppressants and Immunostimulants)
INTRODUCTION
Immunostimulants
Chemical agents - levomisole, Cimetidine, Isoprinosine(ISO)
Microbiological agents- BCG ( bacille Calmette-Guerin,) Indication- Tumor, Immunodeficiency, Infectional diseases
Immunosuppressant
Chemical agents- Cyclophosphamide, Azathioprine
Hormone- steroids
Microbiological agents- Cyclosporine A(CsA)
Indication- Organ transplantation, Hypersensitivity diseases, Autoimmune diseases, Infectious
diseases
Antiproliferative activity in human lung cancer (Kameswaran and Ramanibai, 2008)
Indirubin-
Anticancer drug
(Han, 1994)
Indigotin- Hepatoprotective activity (Singh et
al., 2001)
Root and leaves-To treat epilepsy and
hydrophobia (Tyagi et al., 2010)
Medicinal uses of I.tinctoria
OBJECTIVES
1. To evaluate the effect of ethanolic and aqueous extract of I.tinctoria on in vitro Macrophage functions.
2. To estimate the effect of ethanolic and aqueous extract of I.tinctoria on in vitro lymphocyte proliferation
Kingdom :PlantaeDivision : MagnoliophytaClass : MagnoliopsidaOrder : FabalesFamily : FabaceaeGenus : IndigoferaSpecies : tinctoria linn.
Systematic position of the plant
MATERIALS AND METHODS
1. Extract preparation – Aqueous extract and ethanolic extract were prepared in
respective solvents
2. Macrophage isolation from peritoneal fluid and lymphocytes isolated from
Peripheral blood (Cheng et al., 2008) of wistar albino rat.
3. Nitric Oxide (NO) production (Green et al., 1982)
4. Arginase activity (Munder et al., 1998)
5. Pinocytic activity (Plytycz et al., 1992)
6. Lysosomal activity (Suzuki et al., 1990)
7. Phagocytic assay on nitroblue tetrazolium (NBT) reduction Test (Rainard, 1986)
8. Lymphocytes proliferation (Mossmann, 1983)
RESULTS
Field Emission- Scaning Electron microscope (FE-SEM) image of isolated (A) peripheral blood lyphocytes and (B) peritoneal
macrophage (PEM) from wistar albino rat
A B
Effect of I.tinctoria extracts on PEM Nitric Oxide (NO) Production and Arginase activity
Effect of I.tinctoria extracts on PEM Pinocytic Activity
Effect of I.tinctoria extracts on PEM Lysosomal Activity
Effect of I.tinctoria extracts on PEM Phagocytosis
Effect of I.tinctoria extracts on invitro proliferation
Effect of I.tinctoria extracts on invitro proinflammatory cytokine production
SUMMARY In innate immune system both aqueous ethanolic and aqueous
extracts were enhanced the Macrophage NO production and
simultaneously decrease the activity of Arginase.
The other predominant activity of PEM like Pinocytic and
lysosomal activity also substantially enhanced by both ethanolic
and aqueous extracts
The principal role of Macrophage phagocytosis also notably
enhanced.
On the other hand the it enhance the adaptive immune system
through the proliferation of lymphocytes.
OUTCOME
The present findings revealed that both the ethanolic and aqueous
extracts of I. tinctoria did not cause direct toxic effects on isolated
immune cells and suggested that they could potentially enhance
innate as well as adaptive immune responses.
These strong immunomodulatory activities of I. tinctoria noted here
in vitro help to explain some of the medicinal benefits attributed to
the plant in traditional medicine and could be used to provide a
future basis for the development of this plant as an immuno-
regulating substance.
Future Plan of the work....
To find out the active compounds responsible for the
immunomodulatory potential of I.tinctoria and find out the
immunomodulatory effect through invivo studies on Wistar albino
rat model.
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
We acknowledge to UGC- UPE – PHASE II New Delhi (No. 2013/PFEP/C3/280) for financial support.
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