mba- mis security, ethical & societal challenges of it
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Security, Ethical & Societal challenges of ITTRANSCRIPT
Security, Ethical & Societal Security, Ethical & Societal challenges of ITchallenges of IT
The use of IT in business has had major impact on society, &thus raises ethical issues in the areas of crime, privacy, individuality, e’yment, health & working conditions
E’yment Privacy
Crime
Working condition
Individuality
Health
Business Ethics; It is concerned with the numerous ethical questions that managers must confront as part of their daily business decision making.
E.g Intellectual property rights, customer, & e’yee privacy etc
Technology Ethics; This ethical dimensions deals specifically with the ethics of the use of only form of technology.
It outlines 4 principles of technology;
1. Proportionality2. Informed consent3. Justice4. Minimized Risk
Computer Crime Computer crime is growing threat to society caused by the criminal or irresponsible action of individuals
DefinitionThe unauthorized use, access, modification & destruction of H/W, S/W data or network resources
1.Hacking2.Cyber theft3.Unauthorised use at work4. S/W piracy5. Piracy of intellectual property
PRIVACY ISSUES;1. Privacy on the internet2. Computer matching3. Other challenges
a. E’yment b. Working conditions c. Individual d. Health & society 4. Cyber terrorism 5. Ergonomics
Computer Crime Computer crime is growing threat to society caused by the criminal or irresponsible action of individuals
DefinitionThe unauthorized use, access, modification & destruction of H/W, S/W data or network resources
1.Hacking2.Cyber theft3.Unauthorised use at work4. S/W piracy5. Piracy of intellectual property
PRIVACY ISSUES;1. Privacy on the internet2. Computer matching3. Other challenges a. E’yment b. Working conditions c. Computer monitoring
Computer Crime Computer crime is growing threat to society caused by the criminal or irresponsible action of individuals
DefinitionThe unauthorized use, access, modification & destruction of H/W, S/W data or network resources
1.Hacking2.Cyber theft3.Unauthorised use at work
ENTERPRISE MANAGEMENT ENTERPRISE MANAGEMENT SYSTEMSSYSTEMS
Computer, electronics, comm., & audio video technology have converged Closely to produce a new style of operating business. The dynamic business environment of today's is full of challenges & opportunities. The dependency on the information, as driving energy source.
In today's business, the demand is a paperless operation, a wireless comm. as a result of fully transparent & automated at all centers in an integrated & co-ordinated manner taking care of the business, actions & decision making.
AMS--- Attendance mgt systemsDMS --- Document mgt systemsCMS ---- Comm. Mgt systemsSMS ---- Security mgt systemsEDI ---- Electronic data interchangeE-commerceERP --- Enterprise resource planning
ENTERPRISE RESOURCE PLANNINGENTERPRISE RESOURCE PLANNING ERP is a cross functional enterprise systems driven by an integrated suite of S/W modules that supports the basic internal business process of a company. ERP provides a support systems in the transaction processing, updating, & reporting across the functions. ERP is a package encompassing all major Functions of the business. ERP packages build information base & provide knowledge base business function mgt. The ERP is the main system, interfaced (or) assisted by the other systems in the org. These systems provide the DB to the ERP.
Basic features of ERP; 1 Separation of the program code & the data areas 2 Command language 3 Screen based flow control 4 Common service functions 5 Traction flow control & help functions 6 Word processing, text editing & action message 7 Diagnostic functions
BUSINESS SYSTEMSBUSINESS SYSTEMS
Business forecasting for products, Business forecasting for products, groups, marketsgroups, markets
Target fixing & allocation by the key Target fixing & allocation by the key parametersparameters
Business planning in terms of the Business planning in terms of the resource to executeresource to execute
Strategy formulation & Strategy formulation & implementationimplementation
MIS for strategy monitoring & controlMIS for strategy monitoring & control DSS for resource planningDSS for resource planning
BENEFITS OF THE ERPBENEFITS OF THE ERP Better mgt of resourcesBetter mgt of resources Customer satisfactionCustomer satisfaction Business operation transparency b/w Business operation transparency b/w
business partnersbusiness partners The process become faster due to work The process become faster due to work
group technologygroup technology The ERP scope enlarged through the The ERP scope enlarged through the
internet/intranet accessinternet/intranet access Due to the client/server, the application of Due to the client/server, the application of
object technology & use of the front end object technology & use of the front end tools, the process changes can be easily tools, the process changes can be easily carried out.carried out.
The ERP design is proactive, it make mgt The ERP design is proactive, it make mgt alert at a no. of points like demanding the alert at a no. of points like demanding the decisions.decisions.
ERP still remain a valid solution with the ERP still remain a valid solution with the expansion of business as it is a scalableexpansion of business as it is a scalable architecture. architecture.
ERP SELECTIONERP SELECTION The market offers a no. of ERP packages, the buyers has a choice to make. Each product has its own USP & differs in a no. of ways in content, scope, in case of implementation etc. The selection can be made on 3 dimensions. It as follows;
1. Vendor Evaluation2. Technology Evaluation3. ERP solution Evaluation
Vendor Evaluation; Business strength of the vendor Product share in total business of the vendor Future plans of the vendor Market reach & resource strength of the vendor Ability to execute the ERP solution Perspective plan of the ERP improvement with technology development Business philosophy of the vendor
TECHNOLOGY EVALUATIONTECHNOLOGY EVALUATION
Client server architecture & its implementation Client server architecture & its implementation 2 tier or 3tire2 tier or 3tire
Object orientation in development & Object orientation in development & methodologymethodology
Interface mechanism: data transfer, real time Interface mechanism: data transfer, real time accessaccess
Support system technology like bar coding, Support system technology like bar coding, EDI, imaging, comm., networkEDI, imaging, comm., network
H/W – S/W configuration mgtH/W – S/W configuration mgt Operating system & its levels of usage in the Operating system & its levels of usage in the
systemsystem Use of case tool, screen generators, report Use of case tool, screen generators, report
writers, screen printers & batch processorwriters, screen printers & batch processor Handling of client/server data & application Handling of client/server data & application
logic logic
ERP Solution EvaluationERP Solution Evaluation
ERP fit for the business of the org in terms of the ERP fit for the business of the org in terms of the functions, features & processesfunctions, features & processes
Degree of deviation from the standard ERP productDegree of deviation from the standard ERP product Ease of use: easy to learn, implement & trainEase of use: easy to learn, implement & train Flexible design & ability to migrate to the ERP Flexible design & ability to migrate to the ERP
environment environment Rating on performance, response & integrationRating on performance, response & integration product quality in terms of security, reliability, & product quality in terms of security, reliability, &
precision in resultsprecision in results Solution architecture & technologySolution architecture & technology Documentation for system handling & Documentation for system handling &
administrationadministration
ERP Solution StructureERP Solution Structure
DM
Analysis
Functions
Implementation
App. Logic
Processing logic Data logic
DB
Communication
Object oriented
Client/server
Network
Business Operations
Technology
ERP ImplementationERP Implementation The ERP implementation, generally follow the waterfall mode approach. Once a firm orders is received, the implementation begins with kick-off meeting b/w the vendor & the org.
1. Requirement definition & description [RDD] 2. Implementation steps
Requirement definition & description; Initially, the study has been carried out by the vendor &
project in-charge of org Then, user are contacted for their requirement specification The ERP is designed as a standard [changes & modification
as per the requirement of the business] As soon as the new RDD is prepared, the process designs
starts implementing the changes The changes are required in the process of design coding,
testing etc come in to picture for execution
Implementation StepsImplementation Steps
A user meeting is arranged to explain the ERP & A user meeting is arranged to explain the ERP & process of implementationprocess of implementation
The RDD is explained for understanding & The RDD is explained for understanding & approvalapproval
The solution on the recommended platform is The solution on the recommended platform is loaded & user have demonstration for loaded & user have demonstration for understandingunderstanding
The users are trained to run the solution & The users are trained to run the solution & resolve the difficulties in operations of the systemresolve the difficulties in operations of the system
Standard reports like check lists, ledger etc are Standard reports like check lists, ledger etc are taken to confirm the integrity of the ERP solution taken to confirm the integrity of the ERP solution
The system performance is checked in terms of The system performance is checked in terms of speed, response etcspeed, response etc
The ERP solution & H/W is tuned for improving The ERP solution & H/W is tuned for improving the performance of the solutionthe performance of the solution
EMS and MISEMS and MIS Qualitative change in the MIS design, due to the complexity
of the business operations The mgt focus is shifting from the function to the process
[ the mgt requires the information support] The emphasis on the automation of process with a strong
IT implementation MIS now required to maximize the process of productivity
& performance DM support is required for the process optimization ERP solution is an integrated solution ERP takes care of data integrity & consistency across the
org which may have multiple locations The convictional MIS design is more embedded in the ERP
solution It provide all routine reports at any time for the middle mgt of the org
Supply Chain MgtSupply Chain Mgt
SCM; Integrating mgt & IT to optimize information & product flows among the processes & business partners within a supply chain.
Supply Chain; The network of business processes & inter-relationships among business that are needed to build, sell, & deliver a product to its final customer. A successful SCM strategy is base on accurate order processing, just-in-time Inventory mgt, & timely order fulfillment.
Goal of SCM; To create a fast, efficient, & low-cost network of business relationships, to get a company’s products from concept of market. Supply chain processes should add value to the products (or) services a company produces, a supply chain called a value chain.
Objective of SCM; To reduce costs Increase efficiency & improve supply chain cycle times Effective distribution Channel networks among business partners
SCM life cycle; commit schedule make deliver Main Goal of SCM;
Business Value Goals
Rapid demand fulfillmentCollaborative supply chain
Planning & execution
Customer Value Goals
Give customer what they wantWhen & how they want it
At the lowest cost
Inter-enterpriseCo-ordination ofMgt & business
processes
Responsiveness &Accountability
Tocustomers
Effective
Distribution&
Channelpartnership
Customer Relationship Mgt [CRM]Customer Relationship Mgt [CRM]
CRM; Across-functional e-business application that integrates & automates many customer serving processes in sales, direct-marketing, accounting & order mgt & customer service & support, retain loyal customers.
Goal of CRM; To understand & anticipate the needs of current & potential customers to increase retention & loyalty while optimizing the way that products & services are sold.
Benefits to Organization; Improve customer satisfaction Increase customer retention Reduced operating costs Ability to meet customer demand Automate & integrate the function of marketing Data about customer contact of a company CRM system
Customer life cycle; Acquire Enhance Retain
Application of CRM;
ProspectsOr
customers
Fax E-mail
WebTelephone
Marketing &Fulfillment
Customer service & support
Retention &Loyaltyprograms
Contact &A/C mgt
Sales