mba- mis security, ethical & societal challenges of it

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Security, Ethical & Societal Security, Ethical & Societal challenges of IT challenges of IT use of IT in business has had major impact on socie ises ethical issues in the areas of crime, privacy, duality, e’yment, health & working conditions E’yment Privacy Crime Working condition Individuality Health

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Security, Ethical & Societal challenges of IT

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Page 1: MBA- MIS Security, Ethical & Societal challenges of IT

Security, Ethical & Societal Security, Ethical & Societal challenges of ITchallenges of IT

The use of IT in business has had major impact on society, &thus raises ethical issues in the areas of crime, privacy, individuality, e’yment, health & working conditions

E’yment Privacy

Crime

Working condition

Individuality

Health

Page 2: MBA- MIS Security, Ethical & Societal challenges of IT

Business Ethics; It is concerned with the numerous ethical questions that managers must confront as part of their daily business decision making.

E.g Intellectual property rights, customer, & e’yee privacy etc

Technology Ethics; This ethical dimensions deals specifically with the ethics of the use of only form of technology.

It outlines 4 principles of technology;

1. Proportionality2. Informed consent3. Justice4. Minimized Risk

Page 3: MBA- MIS Security, Ethical & Societal challenges of IT

Computer Crime Computer crime is growing threat to society caused by the criminal or irresponsible action of individuals

DefinitionThe unauthorized use, access, modification & destruction of H/W, S/W data or network resources

1.Hacking2.Cyber theft3.Unauthorised use at work4. S/W piracy5. Piracy of intellectual property

PRIVACY ISSUES;1. Privacy on the internet2. Computer matching3. Other challenges

a. E’yment b. Working conditions c. Individual d. Health & society 4. Cyber terrorism 5. Ergonomics

Page 4: MBA- MIS Security, Ethical & Societal challenges of IT

Computer Crime Computer crime is growing threat to society caused by the criminal or irresponsible action of individuals

DefinitionThe unauthorized use, access, modification & destruction of H/W, S/W data or network resources

1.Hacking2.Cyber theft3.Unauthorised use at work4. S/W piracy5. Piracy of intellectual property

PRIVACY ISSUES;1. Privacy on the internet2. Computer matching3. Other challenges a. E’yment b. Working conditions c. Computer monitoring

Page 5: MBA- MIS Security, Ethical & Societal challenges of IT

Computer Crime Computer crime is growing threat to society caused by the criminal or irresponsible action of individuals

DefinitionThe unauthorized use, access, modification & destruction of H/W, S/W data or network resources

1.Hacking2.Cyber theft3.Unauthorised use at work

Page 6: MBA- MIS Security, Ethical & Societal challenges of IT

ENTERPRISE MANAGEMENT ENTERPRISE MANAGEMENT SYSTEMSSYSTEMS

Computer, electronics, comm., & audio video technology have converged Closely to produce a new style of operating business. The dynamic business environment of today's is full of challenges & opportunities. The dependency on the information, as driving energy source.

In today's business, the demand is a paperless operation, a wireless comm. as a result of fully transparent & automated at all centers in an integrated & co-ordinated manner taking care of the business, actions & decision making.

AMS--- Attendance mgt systemsDMS --- Document mgt systemsCMS ---- Comm. Mgt systemsSMS ---- Security mgt systemsEDI ---- Electronic data interchangeE-commerceERP --- Enterprise resource planning

Page 7: MBA- MIS Security, Ethical & Societal challenges of IT

ENTERPRISE RESOURCE PLANNINGENTERPRISE RESOURCE PLANNING ERP is a cross functional enterprise systems driven by an integrated suite of S/W modules that supports the basic internal business process of a company. ERP provides a support systems in the transaction processing, updating, & reporting across the functions. ERP is a package encompassing all major Functions of the business. ERP packages build information base & provide knowledge base business function mgt. The ERP is the main system, interfaced (or) assisted by the other systems in the org. These systems provide the DB to the ERP.

Basic features of ERP; 1 Separation of the program code & the data areas 2 Command language 3 Screen based flow control 4 Common service functions 5 Traction flow control & help functions 6 Word processing, text editing & action message 7 Diagnostic functions

Page 8: MBA- MIS Security, Ethical & Societal challenges of IT

BUSINESS SYSTEMSBUSINESS SYSTEMS

Business forecasting for products, Business forecasting for products, groups, marketsgroups, markets

Target fixing & allocation by the key Target fixing & allocation by the key parametersparameters

Business planning in terms of the Business planning in terms of the resource to executeresource to execute

Strategy formulation & Strategy formulation & implementationimplementation

MIS for strategy monitoring & controlMIS for strategy monitoring & control DSS for resource planningDSS for resource planning

Page 9: MBA- MIS Security, Ethical & Societal challenges of IT

BENEFITS OF THE ERPBENEFITS OF THE ERP Better mgt of resourcesBetter mgt of resources Customer satisfactionCustomer satisfaction Business operation transparency b/w Business operation transparency b/w

business partnersbusiness partners The process become faster due to work The process become faster due to work

group technologygroup technology The ERP scope enlarged through the The ERP scope enlarged through the

internet/intranet accessinternet/intranet access Due to the client/server, the application of Due to the client/server, the application of

object technology & use of the front end object technology & use of the front end tools, the process changes can be easily tools, the process changes can be easily carried out.carried out.

The ERP design is proactive, it make mgt The ERP design is proactive, it make mgt alert at a no. of points like demanding the alert at a no. of points like demanding the decisions.decisions.

ERP still remain a valid solution with the ERP still remain a valid solution with the expansion of business as it is a scalableexpansion of business as it is a scalable architecture. architecture.

Page 10: MBA- MIS Security, Ethical & Societal challenges of IT

ERP SELECTIONERP SELECTION The market offers a no. of ERP packages, the buyers has a choice to make. Each product has its own USP & differs in a no. of ways in content, scope, in case of implementation etc. The selection can be made on 3 dimensions. It as follows;

1. Vendor Evaluation2. Technology Evaluation3. ERP solution Evaluation

Vendor Evaluation; Business strength of the vendor Product share in total business of the vendor Future plans of the vendor Market reach & resource strength of the vendor Ability to execute the ERP solution Perspective plan of the ERP improvement with technology development Business philosophy of the vendor

Page 11: MBA- MIS Security, Ethical & Societal challenges of IT

TECHNOLOGY EVALUATIONTECHNOLOGY EVALUATION

Client server architecture & its implementation Client server architecture & its implementation 2 tier or 3tire2 tier or 3tire

Object orientation in development & Object orientation in development & methodologymethodology

Interface mechanism: data transfer, real time Interface mechanism: data transfer, real time accessaccess

Support system technology like bar coding, Support system technology like bar coding, EDI, imaging, comm., networkEDI, imaging, comm., network

H/W – S/W configuration mgtH/W – S/W configuration mgt Operating system & its levels of usage in the Operating system & its levels of usage in the

systemsystem Use of case tool, screen generators, report Use of case tool, screen generators, report

writers, screen printers & batch processorwriters, screen printers & batch processor Handling of client/server data & application Handling of client/server data & application

logic logic

Page 12: MBA- MIS Security, Ethical & Societal challenges of IT

ERP Solution EvaluationERP Solution Evaluation

ERP fit for the business of the org in terms of the ERP fit for the business of the org in terms of the functions, features & processesfunctions, features & processes

Degree of deviation from the standard ERP productDegree of deviation from the standard ERP product Ease of use: easy to learn, implement & trainEase of use: easy to learn, implement & train Flexible design & ability to migrate to the ERP Flexible design & ability to migrate to the ERP

environment environment Rating on performance, response & integrationRating on performance, response & integration product quality in terms of security, reliability, & product quality in terms of security, reliability, &

precision in resultsprecision in results Solution architecture & technologySolution architecture & technology Documentation for system handling & Documentation for system handling &

administrationadministration

Page 13: MBA- MIS Security, Ethical & Societal challenges of IT

ERP Solution StructureERP Solution Structure

DM

Analysis

Functions

Implementation

App. Logic

Processing logic Data logic

DB

Communication

Object oriented

Client/server

Network

Business Operations

Technology

Page 14: MBA- MIS Security, Ethical & Societal challenges of IT

ERP ImplementationERP Implementation The ERP implementation, generally follow the waterfall mode approach. Once a firm orders is received, the implementation begins with kick-off meeting b/w the vendor & the org.

1. Requirement definition & description [RDD] 2. Implementation steps

Requirement definition & description; Initially, the study has been carried out by the vendor &

project in-charge of org Then, user are contacted for their requirement specification The ERP is designed as a standard [changes & modification

as per the requirement of the business] As soon as the new RDD is prepared, the process designs

starts implementing the changes The changes are required in the process of design coding,

testing etc come in to picture for execution

Page 15: MBA- MIS Security, Ethical & Societal challenges of IT

Implementation StepsImplementation Steps

A user meeting is arranged to explain the ERP & A user meeting is arranged to explain the ERP & process of implementationprocess of implementation

The RDD is explained for understanding & The RDD is explained for understanding & approvalapproval

The solution on the recommended platform is The solution on the recommended platform is loaded & user have demonstration for loaded & user have demonstration for understandingunderstanding

The users are trained to run the solution & The users are trained to run the solution & resolve the difficulties in operations of the systemresolve the difficulties in operations of the system

Standard reports like check lists, ledger etc are Standard reports like check lists, ledger etc are taken to confirm the integrity of the ERP solution taken to confirm the integrity of the ERP solution

The system performance is checked in terms of The system performance is checked in terms of speed, response etcspeed, response etc

The ERP solution & H/W is tuned for improving The ERP solution & H/W is tuned for improving the performance of the solutionthe performance of the solution

Page 16: MBA- MIS Security, Ethical & Societal challenges of IT

EMS and MISEMS and MIS Qualitative change in the MIS design, due to the complexity

of the business operations The mgt focus is shifting from the function to the process

[ the mgt requires the information support] The emphasis on the automation of process with a strong

IT implementation MIS now required to maximize the process of productivity

& performance DM support is required for the process optimization ERP solution is an integrated solution ERP takes care of data integrity & consistency across the

org which may have multiple locations The convictional MIS design is more embedded in the ERP

solution It provide all routine reports at any time for the middle mgt of the org

Page 17: MBA- MIS Security, Ethical & Societal challenges of IT

Supply Chain MgtSupply Chain Mgt

SCM; Integrating mgt & IT to optimize information & product flows among the processes & business partners within a supply chain.

Supply Chain; The network of business processes & inter-relationships among business that are needed to build, sell, & deliver a product to its final customer. A successful SCM strategy is base on accurate order processing, just-in-time Inventory mgt, & timely order fulfillment.

Goal of SCM; To create a fast, efficient, & low-cost network of business relationships, to get a company’s products from concept of market. Supply chain processes should add value to the products (or) services a company produces, a supply chain called a value chain.

Objective of SCM; To reduce costs Increase efficiency & improve supply chain cycle times Effective distribution Channel networks among business partners

Page 18: MBA- MIS Security, Ethical & Societal challenges of IT

SCM life cycle; commit schedule make deliver Main Goal of SCM;

Business Value Goals

Rapid demand fulfillmentCollaborative supply chain

Planning & execution

Customer Value Goals

Give customer what they wantWhen & how they want it

At the lowest cost

Inter-enterpriseCo-ordination ofMgt & business

processes

Responsiveness &Accountability

Tocustomers

Effective

Distribution&

Channelpartnership

Page 19: MBA- MIS Security, Ethical & Societal challenges of IT

Customer Relationship Mgt [CRM]Customer Relationship Mgt [CRM]

CRM; Across-functional e-business application that integrates & automates many customer serving processes in sales, direct-marketing, accounting & order mgt & customer service & support, retain loyal customers.

Goal of CRM; To understand & anticipate the needs of current & potential customers to increase retention & loyalty while optimizing the way that products & services are sold.

Benefits to Organization; Improve customer satisfaction Increase customer retention Reduced operating costs Ability to meet customer demand Automate & integrate the function of marketing Data about customer contact of a company CRM system

Page 20: MBA- MIS Security, Ethical & Societal challenges of IT

Customer life cycle; Acquire Enhance Retain

Application of CRM;

ProspectsOr

customers

Fax E-mail

WebTelephone

Marketing &Fulfillment

Customer service & support

Retention &Loyaltyprograms

Contact &A/C mgt

Sales