O F F I C I A L O R G A N O F C A T H O L I C A C T I O N , PUBLISHED W E E K L Y .

SATURDAY, MAY 11th, 1935.

Martyred in New Guinea by Hostile Savages

Privileged indeed is one who gives his life-blood for Christ and souls. "Greater love than this no man hath than he who lays down his life for his friends/' In New Guinea this young missioner. Father Morscheuser of the Society for the Divine Word, was, murdered by hostile savages. For two years had he suffered much in his efforts for the natives of East New Guinea, where even nature's hazards are nearly insupportable. These he conquered, until a sudden and brutal attack cut him down in his prime. Yet we know the blood of martyrs throughout the 20 centuries of Christianity has ever been the seed of the harvest to come.

(CATHOLIC MISSIONS.) Published by Rev. Fr. Cardon and Printed by Lithographers Limited. 37 38. Wallich Street. Singapore. S.S.

In vain will you found missions and buiki

schools, if you are not able to wield the

offensive and defensive weapon of a loyal

Catholic Press.—Pope Pius X .

The power and influence of the Catholic Press are so great even seemingly insig­nificant activity in its favour is of great importance. Anything you do for the Catholic Press I will consider done for me personally.—Pope Pius XI .

O F F I C I A L O R G A N O F C A T H O L I C A C T I O N PUBLISHED W E E K L Y .

20 Pages. No. 20. SINGAPORE, SATURDAY, MAY 18th, 1935. 10 cents.

T H E S O V E R E I G N P O N T I F F ' S A L L O C U T I O N AN ELOQUENT AND STIMULATING REPLY TO THE DECREE ' TUTO 9 FOR THE CANONIZATION OF BB.

JOHN FISHER AND THOMAS MORE In reply to the address of

homage on the reading of the de­cree Tuto for the Canonization of Blessed John Fisher and Blessed Thomas More, the Holy Father delivered the following discourse:

"Behold once more among the great servants of God the two great martyrs of Roman faith fidelity, John Fisher and Thomas More. We have already made them the subject of certain consi­deration, but the decree just read and the fine reply of Our venerable brother in the apostolate, Mon-signor Hinsley, brings before Our eyes a second time these two great figures. It is not easy to add anything to what has just been said, and to that which had a little before been read. But as Our two great predecessors Leo the Great and Gregory the Great have said, i t is properly in these circumstances that the difficulty of speaking is surpassed by the necessity of manifesting certain thoughts. We have already con­sidered these two grand figures in the massive grandeur of their his­toric personality. A t this mo­ment We would briefly consider them under other aspects: in the light of God. in the life of the Church, in the sight of their country and their people.

"In the light of God they are two great martyrs, two grand lighthouses set up to shine upon and enlighten in the ways of God. How marvellous are the ways of God through the centuries— justae ef verae sunt viae tuae— Rex saeculorum! (Just and true pre Thy ways—King of the ages!) On a superficial glance it would seem as i f God had, as it were, forgotten these His two great ser­vants, these who had been His witnesses by their own blood, the greatest witness, the hardest that it is given to poor human nature to make. So much time has pass­

ed since their deaths that, as the world might say, their memory had been blotted out. And instead, behold, they return at the head of a great army of martyrs, and separated from them by a sovere­ign gesture, the gesture of true leaders, they are presented to Us alone in the multitude of their splendid merits, presented to re­ceive the supreme palm, the honours, as representing the army which they have led.

"This Divine Providence is al­ways wonderful; even when it seems to let the darkness fall, i t prepares the splendour of the Light . The fact that this renew­ed light and splendour has appear­ed just now is a great reason for confidence on Our part, when the whole world has such need, re­membering that all things great and small are obedient to a Hand which is not the hand of man, that we are in the hands of God, of God who walks in the ages and whom the ages obey. Certainly it gives ground for the most pro­found grief when we see to what a pass human things and divine have been brought in more than one country of this unhappy world: in countries near and in those far off. There are countries which verily represent, i f not de­struction, at least the attempt at destruction, manifesting a satanic action against God and the works of God in omne quod ducit ad Deum. (In everything that leads to God).

"These Holy Martyrs come to tell us that God's ways are not as our ways: they are not ways which lead to darkness, but to light, to the great Light of all. A great consolation, this, a consola­tion which must not attenuate but rather accentuate more and more our prayer to God, Whom all events obey, to God Whose Word the storms and waves obey and

HOi **% F~ tr* \

SOLE AGENTS:

S 1 M E D A R B Y 8c C O - L T D . SINGAPORE & BRANCHES

pay honour by the return of peace and tranquility. A n d we should pray thus not only for those su­preme interests which ought al­ways to be present in our prayers —that is to say, those things which concern the honour and glory of God and the salvation of souls—but also for all the sorrows and tribulations which afflict the world of to-day.

"In the life of the Church, the two great figures which to-day are upraised before us as the objects of our admiration ought also to be the object of our imitation; and, although they are two such grand personalities, yet such imitation is not difficult, but possible. There comes to mind the thought of St. Augustine: 'Martyrdom, which is the supreme proof of fidelity to God, ought to be a stimulus, to those who honour them, to other martyrdoms: exempla Martyrum exhortationes sunt martyriorum. (The examples of martyrs are the

exhortations of martyrdoms) Note the holy Doctor does not say exhortations to martyrdom in the classic sense of the test of blood, but to martyrdoms as i f there were many diverse kinds of mar­tyrdom. There are, in fact, many opportunities of imitating the martyrs without the martyrdom of blood and death. There is a martyrdom which consists in the anguish which each one of us ex­periences in himself in following the ways of God and in the fu l ­filment of his proper duty. There is a martyrdom which consists in the difficulty of a duty exactly, faithfully, and fully accomplished. There is a martyrdom which oc­curs in the continual persevering fidelity in little things, in thos* demands for diligence in the Di­vine service, in the daily dutj which becomes a daily cross. The Divine Master was referring to

Contd: on page 2.)

i 2 M A L A Y A CATHOLIC L E A D E R , SATURDAY, MAY 18th, 1935.

The Sovereign Pontiff's Allocution

(Continued from page 1.)

King George V ' s P o p u l a r i t y Due to His H u m a n e Touch .

" V i r Et V i r t u s . "

this when He said that whosoever would come after H i m must take up his daily cross and follow H i m . In t ru th the daily life becomes a daily cross in its implacable re­turn wi th its continual demands and the equal exercise of new energies and acts of abnegation.

"We have, again, the martyr­dom of the Christ ian life, lived in surroundings not only unfavour­able but adverse, lived in spite of the fascination and seduction of the world in a perverse age in which more and more every sense of goodness and every understand­ing of that which is pure and chaste is being lost. There is the martyrdom of the Christ ian life lived notwithstanding all the suf­fering and want of the present time, those hardships which recall the words of the Psalmist : ut non extendant justi ad iniquitatem manus suas, benefac, Domine, bo­nis et rectis corde. (As the just may not stretch forth their hands to iniquity, incline unto the good and upright in heart O L o r d ! ) A s many situations as there are in life, so are there as many mar­tyrdoms.

" A l l th is they say to us, this grand lesson which these two martyrs of F a i t h and Roman fide­l i ty afford us. B u t there is an­other lesson. Behold two men, or rather two armies of men, for each of them gathers up in him­self the universality of men. On one side John Fisher, who entered the ecclesiastical state, and from the humblest offices ascended step by step to higher duties, finally by Divine Providence becoming a Cardinal of the Holy Roman Church, Bishop wi th the fullness of priesthood, the fullness of the government of souls, participating in the Apostolic rule; thus he reached the summit of the hierarchical order, of jurisdiction and honour. On the other side we have Thomas More. A simple lay-2nan, but not a simple Chris t ian— Except in that sense of simplicity which is the origin of every virtue —he ascends to martyrdom and sanctity. A Christ ian l iv ing in the world, a Chris t ian model of youth, a model in his married life, a model as father of a family, and as a ju r i s t and advocate in the most difficult causes: a model, too, i n the highest offices, in the coun­cils of the State, and finally in the office of Chancellor, the highest in England after the K i n g in his day. In al l these states he always join­ed to them the study of virtue and the exercise of Christian per­fection. A great lesson, this, that sanctity is the r ight and duty of every condition and state of life, from the highest to the lowest. Remember, too,—excluding cer­tain rare cases in history which also have their mysteries—that nothing is unforeseen in the C h r i ­stian ascent to perfection; i t is the fruit of patient, persevering work. Only thus does he arrive at last at the *rrand height of martyrdom. The great Catholic wri ter has reason, when recalling the example of the Holy Spanish fcishop and mar tyr Fruttuoso of Tarragona, who when they were leading h i m to martyrdom, and moved by pity offered h im a cup $i water to drink, thanking them refused, because the day was a day of fast ing and it was not yet evening, so he could take nothing,

Who does not see, says this great writer, in this fidelity in a little thing, the true preparation for that martyrdom which the saint was about to accomplish?

"Final ly , let us view these two great martyrs in the vision of their people and country. A great vision indeed. A great vision in that of the Church, Mistress and Mother of Saints, and interesting especially at this time, is this last-consideration. Certainly, as we look at the march of the designs of Divine Providence, our atten­tion is attracted to the fact that the return of these two great martyrs occurs at a time when the Br i t i sh Empire covers so great a part of the whole world. Thus Divine Providence would seem to have prepared for its great ser­vants and athletes an immense theatre for their glorification, es­pecially when we remember that there are Catholics in every part of that vast Empire. His Majesty the K i n g , when We thanked him for his benevolent disposition to­wards Our children whom We had in every part of the Br i t i sh world, told Us that they amounted to many millions and were among his most faithful subjects.

"It is consoling to think of the joy which the canonization of these two martyrs wi l l bring to so many souls, and also how effec­tive their lives wi l l be for edifica­tion and sanctiflcation in the whole world. To return to this Br i t i sh world—and it is a duty not to for­get i t—which prepares such great celebrations for the quarter of a century's reign of its beloved Sovereign. Here is a gracious combination, since this quarter of a century coincides with the fourth centenary of the death and martyrdom of two great confes­sors of Chris t . Who would have thought of it when the study of this cause of Canonization was begun ? Certainly, no one, and Our-self even less than others. A l l the people who compose the E m ­pire, properly speaking, of B r i ­tain wi l l take an immense part in these celebrations. A n d then, by another singular gracious prepara­tion of Providence, the two great martyrs, as i f invited to take part in these solemnities, remind England and the whole Britannic world of the ancient faith, wit­nessed to in so arresting and glo­rious a way. A faith which is witnessed by their blood, which goes with, leads, and represents them wherever they go; which comes, so to say, to confirm their sublime words wi th which at the gibbet itself they thanked those who had been the instruments in obtaining their heavenly great­ness. Hav ing arrived at the splendour of their heavenly crown, they design to come and honour this earthly crown which they al­ways honoured, and to declare that it is not possible to have sub­jects more faithful than those preferred to die rather than of­fend their conscience, the puri ty of their fai th, and the purity of their soul.

The Great War and the Br i t i sh Empire. The World War marks an epoch of immense importance alike territorially and politically in the history of the Bri t i sh Empire. The German people were taught to believe that the first shot fired against England in a European war would be the signal for the dissolution of the "loosely com­pacted" Br i t i sh Empire. That was a profound miscalculation, and it cost Germany dear. That the ex­pectation of a large addition to their colonial empire did much to arouse enthusiasm for the war among the German people is in­dubitable. Proportionately great was their disappointment in the final issue of the War.

"Loosely compacted" in a con­stitutional sense the Br i t i sh E m ­pire may be, but no sooner were Great Br i ta in and Germany at war than the Bri t ish Dominions instinctively realised that the issue at stake was world-domina­tion.

The direct cost of the war to Great Br i ta in exceeded £10,000,-000,000; its indirect cost none can compute. A n d the results of this vast expenditure of blood and treasure ?

How did the War react upon the people at home and upon the Overseas Empire? The first thing to realise is that for the i i r s t time in their history the whole Br i t i sh people were involved in war— more completely even than in the Civ i l Wars of the 15th and 17th Centuries—far more than in any previous war fought on foreign soil. A period of Strikes followed the war and world—depression wras also an indirect result of this great conflict.

The Empire of Kindness. The claims of human nature have been recognised and satisfied more fully during this period than ever be­fore. Never in the long history of England has the crown been so completely representative of the people in their wide-spread activi­ties—both work and play.

K i n g George wishes to be consi­dered "as the head of the family" which is dispersed throughout the world—His desire has been accom­plished.

K i n g George's Practical Sym­pathy. The K i n g and Queen shar­ed in all the sorrows, anxieties and hardships undergone by their sub­jects during the Great War and there are many stories of their practical help, humanity and charm. His Majesty the K i n g wrote to a soldier in hospital:

" A n d you can have hot bath* every day! I only get a hot bath

now.

"It only remains to give the de­sired Blessing, especiallv upon England and the whole Britannic world. It is not without profound emotion that We give this Bless­ing, invoking it in the name, and for the first time through the in­

tercession or such interpreters, such Saints, such martyrs, wi th the memory and the actual atten­tion of the soul turned to that land which was so well called 'Martyr 's Dowry' and 'the patri­mony of St. Peter.'

"We give this Blessing in the name of the two martyrs, through the intercession of their blood, of that blood of martyrdom which has ever been the seed of Christians^ the seed of faith re­nascent—that blood of martyrdom from which a voice almost pro­phetic foresaw 'a Second Spring. ' May that Spring descend in all its fragrance, in all its flowers, so that it may mature the fruits of Redemption." ( (From the Tablet).

once a week Queen M a r y wrote to the Troop France:—

" I send this message to tell every man how much we, the women of the British Empire at home, watch and pray for you during the long hours of these days of stress and endurance." K i n g George is the world's most

travelled Sovereign. He sailed round the world 1880

—1882 In 1882 he went to Nor th America

„ 1901 „ „ „ Afr ica . ., 1904 „ „ „ Vienna. „ 1905 „ „ „ Berl in. „ 1905 „ „ „ India as Prince

George. „ 1911 „ „ „ India as King. Think ing of bad kings in the old

days and of al l the kings dethron­ed on account of the war some people ask of what use are kings.

—Yet -4n - England -Ms- sub j ects ^re more loyal than ever to His Majesty K i n g George the Fifth. W h y is this? K i n g George takes no part in politics, that is in mak­ing laws and fixing taxes and mak­ing wars. What then does the K i n g of England do?

F i r s t of all he sets an example of a clean and busy life to all his people. There are no divorces or other scandals at the English Court. No divorced man or woman may be presented to the King and Queen.

Then again His Majesty works harder than most of his people. In England during a great part of the year i t is not l ight t i l l eight o'clock in the morning. In most offices work is not started be­fore ten o'clock, but every day the K i n g is in his office at eight. Later in the morning His Majesty grants interviews to ministers, to ambassadors, to governors leaving England for service in the domi­nions and colonies and to other distinguished persons. Bri t ish and foreign. To all of them the King has to talk on topics of all kinds however he may feel.

The K i n g also grants interviews to the Prime Minis ter and other Ministers to whom His Majesty's life-long knowledge of affairs of state is of the greatest value. England has been lucky in her rulers. George the Four th was a humane ruler who got laws passed to forbid the whipping of women, and to prevent cruelty to horses and cattle; he would sit up half the night th inking how to save a man from being hanged. Edward the Seventh was a great diplomat and did much to keep the peace of Europe.

In the past K i n g George used to open many new buildings, open ex­hibitions, attend many social functions, visi t the towns of Eng­land and enquire personally after the welfare of his poorer subjects. Since His Majesty's severe illness, His Highness the Prince of Wales and his brothers have taken much of this work off their fathers shoulders. But st i l l even the la­bourers of England know and ad­mit that H i s Majesty the King works as hard as any of his sub­jects and far harder than most men of his age. It is partly on that account that Hi s Majesty is so popular. The public knows thai the K i n g does his duty.

(CONTRIBUTED. )

M A L A Y A C A T H O L I C L E A D E R , S A T U R D A Y , M A Y 18th, 1935.

On P̂uxgs from .Albion (From Our Special Correspondent)

The New Archbishop9s Address

Catholic A c t i o n ; a vigorous campaign on behalf of Cathoiic ivaiieaiion; practical interest in the work of the Foreign Missions; active support for the Cathoiic Press—these were the principal notes in the first public address of the new Archoishop of Westmins­ter, His Grace the Most Rev. Arthur Hinsley. Al though the ceremony of enthronement was of coarse a purely diocesan function, unattended by other bishops apart from the Westminster Auxil iar ies , the occasion nevertheless drew to the Cathedral an overriowing con­gregation and aroused wide public interest.

Points from the Archbishop's address were these:—His Grace, i n speaking of his desires i n the new and high office to which he had been called, said that he had been asked what would be his policy at Westminster. Policy was to h im a cold word. H i s line of action would be so guided, he trusted, that he might be able always to say with St. Pau l :—"I wi l l not be burthensome to you, for I seek not the things that are yours, but you." The l ink between the pastors of the Church and the Holy See was then emphasised, and Dr . Hinsley proceeded to un­fold his programme, a programme in union with the desires of the Sovereign Pontiff. "Our home policy," he said, "is Catholic A c ­tion; our foreign policy is M i s ­sionary Act ion." On the school question, His Grace emphasised that whatever political party claimed the justifiable allegiance of Catholics, there wrould be but undivided policy on the school question. On the matter of the Foreign Missions, the Archbishop stressed the fact that close upon a third of all the Catholic missions of the world are wi th in B r i t i s h territory,; and he bore witness to the liberty enjoyed by Catholic missionaries under the Br i t i sh Hag. Here His Grace could speak from close and interesting person­al experience, on account of his own former high positions in Africa, first of ail as Apostolic Visitor to the Br i t i sh missions and afterwards as Apostolic Dele­gate to that great country. Dr . Hinsley pledged himself, by the devotion of his most earnest efforts, to promoting the work of the Association for the Propaga­tion of the F a i t h and other missionary societies.

The Archbishop's encourage­ment for the work of the Catholic Press came in gracious words which are no less applicable to the Malaya Catholic Leader than to our Catholic newspapers here in England. "The Catholic Press," ne said, "is a mighty power for spreading the t ruth and for de­fending the Fa i th . It exercises a reaTapostoIa'te, second only to the preaching office of those who are divinely commissioned, to teach in God's Church I take this opportunity of urging the duty ™ support our Catholic writers and journalists, and so to help towards the development of the

Apostoiate of the Press. To sup­port the Catholic Press and to make use of its far-reaching in­fluence should be one of the strongest planks in the platform of Cathoiic Action.

Dr. Hinsley xlosed his address with a reference to two imminent events: the canonization of B B . John Fisher and Thomas More, and the King 's Silver jubilee. These events, His Grace emphasis­ed, coincided significantly to manifest our twofold loyalty— loyalty to God, and loyalty to K i n g and country.

A Record Reception. The Low Week Reception this

year at Archbishop's House beat all records for attendance, and led to an unprecedented change in the procedure. In past years, the crowd of men in uniform or even­ing dress, and ladies clad i n black and wearing mantillas, has made the Throne Room a fashionable assembly on conventional social lines, wi th the Cardinal Archb i ­shop and the other members of the Hierarchy supplying a r ich note ,of scarlet and purple to the gathering. And the guests, numerous as they have been, have found their way swiftly and with ease into the building. This was not the case in the present week. The desire to participate i n wel­

coming the new Archbishop, to pay homage to His Grace in per­son and on the occasion of his first reception, took a great mult i­tude of Catholics to Westminster, men and women of almost every rank of life. When some of the fashionable cars drove up, their occupants saw, not a clear and in­viting passage, but an immensely long queue of waiting men and women, stretching in hundreds, from the doors of Archbishop's House, along the length of A m -brosden Avenue. A n hour after the time when the reception be­gan, they were still making their slow way into the building, as op­portunity allowed.

Vv hen ihe Throne Room could hold no more, it was decided to vary customary routine. The visitors were diverted, as they arrived, into the spacious Cathed­ral Hal l , and when some hundreds had there assembled, the Archbi ­shop appeared and was given a mighty welcome. Individual pre­sentations were, of course, impos­sible; so H i s Grace addressed the crowd from the platform, thank­ing them for their welcome and .giving them his blessing.

Included in the great company present at the reception wTere nearly all the Archbishops and Bishops of England and Wales, many abbots and other prelates, representatives of the diplomatic corps, Cathoiic peers, papal knights, and other high personag­es. A n d as i f to supply a note of true democracy to the gathering these rubbed shoulders with hundreds of working men and women who knew that they, too, were gladly welcomed to their pastor's house to take part in the memorable occasion.

ST. J O H N F I S H E R A N G L I C A N P A R T I C I P A T I O N .

It is not without significance, as showing the altered spirit now prevailing towards the Church, that the canonization of Blessed John Cardinal Fisher is being cclebiated officially, not only by Catholics, but in the Martyred Bishop's own diocese, Rochester, by the authorities of the Protes­tant Establishment. A special Anglican service has been arranged „ to be held in" Rochester Cathedral, and other Anglican celebrations arc in prospect. A t Beverley, also, where Blessed John Fisher was born, his memory is to be honoured by his fellow-townsmen. L o r d Halifax, an Anglican peer, it is announced, is to deliver an address on the martyr. Wi th so much out­side politeness in the air, the only fear is lest the ordinary unins-tructed Englishman, not well versed in his country's history, should get it into his head that Bishop Fisher lived and died for the Church of England. There are not wanting those among the extreme "Highs" of the Establish­ment who practically insist that this was indeed the case! W i l l the canonization produce a statue of the then newly-made Saint in Rochester Cathedral? Who shall say? It can be noted, however, that after the canonization of St. Joan of Arc a statue of the Maid was set up by Protestant authority in Winchester Cathedral, and there it remains to this day.

* * * * A Riot that Failed.

Edinburgh has lately had an outburst of anti-Catholic violence which completely failed of its pur­pose. The decision of the L o r d Provost to give civic welcome to the delegates of the Catholic Young Men's Society, who have just held their annual Conference in the city, was challenged by a Protestant firebrand who threatened that i f the reception took place there would be a real "smash-up." H i s violence came to an ignoble head at the hands of the Protestant corner boys of Edinburgh, who surged into the streets on the evening fixed .for the reception and gave Ed in ­burgh's police force a busy hour or two. But the reception only took place, and some of the Pro­testant manifestants have since had to answer for their conduct in the police-court. What is ^ti l l more satisfactory is the fact that this wave of bigotry has so dis­gusted Edinburgh's citizens as a whole that the chief newspapers have condemned it in unmeasured terms. The leading articles and other comments must have made sad reading for the bigots. In Edinburgh, in fact, partizan Pro­testantism 'stinks in the nostrils" of every decent element in the population.

C. T. S. Does Wel l . A t the annual meeting of the

Catholic Truth Society, it was re­ported, among many other encour­aging points regarding the past year's doings, that in 1934 the Society sold upwards of 1,374,000 pamphlets, nearly 42,000 more than in the previous year. A de­velopment in Catholic activity over here is the Catholic F i l m Library . So successful has this venture been that since the end of last October the Society has sent out, on hire, close upon two hundred film reels. Some of these convey instruction, and others depict events of Catho­iic interest.

X

It's not only a matter of taste

To be a perfect timepiece, a watch has to be beautiful and accurate. Now, everyone can say whether a watch is to one's liking or not, but it is difficult to estimate the quality. Only experts can judge the finish and precision of a mechanism as delicate as that of a watch. There remains for those who love accuracy a means of eliminating disappointment-choose a V U L C A I N watch, acknowledged the best by thousands of people all over the world. With a V U L C A I N you have the satisfaction of knowing that you possess a timepiece of unequalled accuracy and refined beauty.

Liverpool Cathedral. A few days ago there arrived in

Liverpool substantial proof that the great Metropolitan Catholic Cathedral is really making pro­gress. To a large extent founda­tions and preparatory brickwork, important though they be, have been thought of as but prelimi­naries. Now, however, Liverpool's people have seen a hundred great pieces of Cornish granite unload­ed on the Cathedral site, all of them numbered in readiness for placing in position in the south crypt of the vast building, the first portion to be erected. Month by month, Liverpool's Cathedral wil l in future progress under the eyes of the present generation.

* sft <c $

A N O T A B L E G I F T . Sultan of Johore's Generosity. Interest blends wi th admiration

in London by the news of the princely gift of half a million of money, from Johore, for the Singapore base. This is the most princely contribution announced in honour of the King ' s jubilee. It formed the only item on news­paper contents bills and was much commented upon. Portraits of the Sultan of Johore are appear­ing and everywhere Johore is get­ting an admiring press. The re­sult of the gift, by its acceleration of the work, wrill mean, it is hoped, a large increase in employment and consequent prosperity for Singapore. In the matter of jubilee generosity, Malaya leads.

M R S . L Y O N S .

Australia's Catholic Premier and his gifted wife continue to win golden opinions here in England. Mrs. Lyons has already demons­trated her keen interest in social work; and she is shortly to give proof also of her care for Catholic education. She has gladly accept­ed an invitation to pay a visit, on June 1, to Urmston, a suburban parish frr Manchester, and there lay the foundation-stone of the new school of the English Mar­tyrs. Mrs . Lyons is a believer in Empire education in the schools, and such education wi l l be given at Urmston as the new school develops.

i 2 M A L A Y A CATHOLIC L E A D E R , SATURDAY, MAY 18th, 1935.

The Sovereign Pontiff's Allocution

(Continued from page 1.)

King George V ' s P o p u l a r i t y Due to His H u m a n e T o u c h .

" V i r Et V i r t u s . "

this when He said that whosoever would come after H i m must take up his daily cross and follow H i m . In t ru th the daily life becomes a daily cross in its implacable re­turn wi th its continual demands and the equal exercise of new energies and acts of abnegation.

"We have, again, the martyr­dom of the Christ ian life, lived in surroundings not only unfavour­able but adverse, lived in spite of the fascination and seduction of the world in a perverse age in which more and more every sense of goodness and every understand­ing of that which is pure and chaste is being lost. There is the martyrdom of the Christ ian life lived notwithstanding all the suf­fering and want of the present time, those hardships which recall the words of the Psalmist : ut non extendant justi ad iniquitatem manus suas, benefac, Domine, bo­nis et rectis corde. (As the just may not stretch forth their hands to iniquity, incline unto the good and upright in heart O L o r d ! ) A s many situations as there are in life, so are there as many mar­tyrdoms.

" A l l th is they say to us, this grand lesson which these two martyrs of F a i t h and Roman fide­l i ty afford us. B u t there is an­other lesson. Behold two men, or rather two armies of men, for each of them gathers up in him­self the universality of men. On one side John Fisher, who entered the ecclesiastical state, and from the humblest offices ascended step by step to higher duties, finally by Divine Providence becoming a Cardinal of the Holy Roman Church, Bishop wi th the fullness of priesthood, the fullness of the government of souls, participating in the Apostolic rule; thus he reached the summit of the hierarchical order, of jurisdiction and honour. On the other side we have Thomas More. A simple lay-2nan, but not a simple Chris t ian— Except in that sense of simplicity which is the origin of every virtue —he ascends to martyrdom and sanctity. A Christ ian l iv ing in the world, a Chris t ian model of youth, a model in his married life, a model as father of a family, and as a ju r i s t and advocate in the most difficult causes: a model, too, i n the highest offices, in the coun­cils of the State, and finally in the office of Chancellor, the highest in England after the K i n g in his day. In al l these states he always join­ed to them the study of virtue and the exercise of Christian per­fection. A great lesson, this, that sanctity is the r ight and duty of every condition and state of life, from the highest to the lowest. Remember, too,—excluding cer­tain rare cases in history which also have their mysteries—that nothing is unforeseen in the C h r i ­stian ascent to perfection; i t is the fruit of patient, persevering work. Only thus does he arrive at last at the *rrand height of martyrdom. The great Catholic wri ter has reason, when recalling the example of the Holy Spanish fcishop and mar tyr Fruttuoso of Tarragona, who when they were leading h i m to martyrdom, and moved by pity offered h im a cup $i water to drink, thanking them refused, because the day was a day of fast ing and it was not yet evening, so he could take nothing,

Who does not see, says this great writer, in this fidelity in a little thing, the true preparation for that martyrdom which the saint was about to accomplish?

"Final ly , let us view these two great martyrs in the vision of their people and country. A great vision indeed. A great vision in that of the Church, Mistress and Mother of Saints, and interesting especially at this time, is this last-consideration. Certainly, as we look at the march of the designs of Divine Providence, our atten­tion is attracted to the fact that the return of these two great martyrs occurs at a time when the Br i t i sh Empire covers so great a part of the whole world. Thus Divine Providence would seem to have prepared for its great ser­vants and athletes an immense theatre for their glorification, es­pecially when we remember that there are Catholics in every part of that vast Empire. His Majesty the K i n g , when We thanked him for his benevolent disposition to­wards Our children whom We had in every part of the Br i t i sh world, told Us that they amounted to many millions and were among his most faithful subjects.

"It is consoling to think of the joy which the canonization of these two martyrs wi l l bring to so many souls, and also how effec­tive their lives wi l l be for edifica­tion and sanctiflcation in the whole world. To return to this Br i t i sh world—and it is a duty not to for­get i t—which prepares such great celebrations for the quarter of a century's reign of its beloved Sovereign. Here is a gracious combination, since this quarter of a century coincides with the fourth centenary of the death and martyrdom of two great confes­sors of Chris t . Who would have thought of it when the study of this cause of Canonization was begun ? Certainly, no one, and Our-self even less than others. A l l the people who compose the E m ­pire, properly speaking, of B r i ­tain wi l l take an immense part in these celebrations. A n d then, by another singular gracious prepara­tion of Providence, the two great martyrs, as i f invited to take part in these solemnities, remind England and the whole Britannic world of the ancient faith, wit­nessed to in so arresting and glo­rious a way. A faith which is witnessed by their blood, which goes with, leads, and represents them wherever they go; which comes, so to say, to confirm their sublime words wi th which at the gibbet itself they thanked those who had been the instruments in obtaining their heavenly great­ness. Hav ing arrived at the splendour of their heavenly crown, they design to come and honour this earthly crown which they al­ways honoured, and to declare that it is not possible to have sub­jects more faithful than those preferred to die rather than of­fend their conscience, the puri ty of their fai th, and the purity of their soul.

The Great War and the Br i t i sh Empire. The World War marks an epoch of immense importance alike territorially and politically in the history of the Bri t i sh Empire. The German people were taught to believe that the first shot fired against England in a European war would be the signal for the dissolution of the "loosely com­pacted" Br i t i sh Empire. That was a profound miscalculation, and it cost Germany dear. That the ex­pectation of a large addition to their colonial empire did much to arouse enthusiasm for the war among the German people is in­dubitable. Proportionately great was their disappointment in the final issue of the War.

"Loosely compacted" in a con­stitutional sense the Br i t i sh E m ­pire may be, but no sooner were Great Br i ta in and Germany at war than the Bri t ish Dominions instinctively realised that the issue at stake was world-domina­tion.

The direct cost of the war to Great Br i ta in exceeded £10,000,-000,000; its indirect cost none can compute. A n d the results of this vast expenditure of blood and treasure ?

How did the War react upon the people at home and upon the Overseas Empire? The first thing to realise is that for the i i r s t time in their history the whole Br i t i sh people were involved in war— more completely even than in the Civ i l Wars of the 15th and 17th Centuries—far more than in any previous war fought on foreign soil. A period of Strikes followed the war and world—depression wras also an indirect result of this great conflict.

The Empire of Kindness. The claims of human nature have been recognised and satisfied more fully during this period than ever be­fore. Never in the long history of England has the crown been so completely representative of the people in their wide-spread activi­ties—both work and play.

K i n g George wishes to be consi­dered "as the head of the family" which is dispersed throughout the world—His desire has been accom­plished.

K i n g George's Practical Sym­pathy. The K i n g and Queen shar­ed in all the sorrows, anxieties and hardships undergone by their sub­jects during the Great War and there are many stories of their practical help, humanity and charm. His Majesty the K i n g wrote to a soldier in hospital:

" A n d you can have hot bath* every day! I only get a hot bath

now.

"It only remains to give the de­sired Blessing, especiallv upon England and the whole Britannic world. It is not without profound emotion that We give this Bless­ing, invoking it in the name, and for the first time through the in­

tercession or such interpreters, such Saints, such martyrs, wi th the memory and the actual atten­tion of the soul turned to that land which was so well called 'Martyr 's Dowry' and 'the patri­mony of St. Peter.'

"We give this Blessing in the name of the two martyrs, through the intercession of their blood, of that blood of martyrdom which has ever been the seed of Christians^ the seed of faith re­nascent—that blood of martyrdom from which a voice almost pro­phetic foresaw 'a Second Spring. ' May that Spring descend in all its fragrance, in all its flowers, so that it may mature the fruits of Redemption." ( (From the Tablet).

once a week Queen M a r y wrote to the Troop France:—

" I send this message to tell every man how much we, the women of the British Empire at home, watch and pray for you during the long hours of these days of stress and endurance." K i n g George is the world's most

travelled Sovereign. He sailed round the world 1880

—1882 In 1882 he went to Nor th America

„ 1901 „ „ „ Afr ica . ., 1904 „ „ „ Vienna. „ 1905 „ „ „ Berl in. „ 1905 „ „ „ India as Prince

George. „ 1911 „ „ „ India as King. Think ing of bad kings in the old

days and of al l the kings dethron­ed on account of the war some people ask of what use are kings.

—Yet -4n - England -Ms- sub j ects ^re more loyal than ever to His Majesty K i n g George the Fifth. W h y is this? K i n g George takes no part in politics, that is in mak­ing laws and fixing taxes and mak­ing wars. What then does the K i n g of England do?

F i r s t of all he sets an example of a clean and busy life to all his people. There are no divorces or other scandals at the English Court. No divorced man or woman may be presented to the King and Queen.

Then again His Majesty works harder than most of his people. In England during a great part of the year i t is not l ight t i l l eight o'clock in the morning. In most offices work is not started be­fore ten o'clock, but every day the K i n g is in his office at eight. Later in the morning His Majesty grants interviews to ministers, to ambassadors, to governors leaving England for service in the domi­nions and colonies and to other distinguished persons. Bri t ish and foreign. To all of them the King has to talk on topics of all kinds however he may feel.

The K i n g also grants interviews to the Prime Minis ter and other Ministers to whom His Majesty's life-long knowledge of affairs of state is of the greatest value. England has been lucky in her rulers. George the Four th was a humane ruler who got laws passed to forbid the whipping of women, and to prevent cruelty to horses and cattle; he would sit up half the night th inking how to save a man from being hanged. Edward the Seventh was a great diplomat and did much to keep the peace of Europe.

In the past K i n g George used to open many new buildings, open ex­hibitions, attend many social functions, visi t the towns of Eng­land and enquire personally after the welfare of his poorer subjects. Since His Majesty's severe illness, His Highness the Prince of Wales and his brothers have taken much of this work off their fathers shoulders. But st i l l even the la­bourers of England know and ad­mit that H i s Majesty the King works as hard as any of his sub­jects and far harder than most men of his age. It is partly on that account that Hi s Majesty is so popular. The public knows thai the K i n g does his duty.

(CONTRIBUTED. )

M A L A Y A C A T H O L I C L E A D E R , S A T U R D A Y , M A Y 18th, 1935.

On P̂uxgs from .Albion (From Our Special Correspondent)

The New Archbishop9s Address

Catholic A c t i o n ; a vigorous campaign on behalf of Cathoiic ivaiieaiion; practical interest in the work of the Foreign Missions; active support for the Cathoiic Press—these were the principal notes in the first public address of the new Archoishop of Westmins­ter, His Grace the Most Rev. Arthur Hinsley. Al though the ceremony of enthronement was of coarse a purely diocesan function, unattended by other bishops apart from the Westminster Auxil iar ies , the occasion nevertheless drew to the Cathedral an overriowing con­gregation and aroused wide public interest.

Points from the Archbishop's address were these:—His Grace, i n speaking of his desires i n the new and high office to which he had been called, said that he had been asked what would be his policy at Westminster. Policy was to h im a cold word. H i s line of action would be so guided, he trusted, that he might be able always to say with St. Pau l :—"I wi l l not be burthensome to you, for I seek not the things that are yours, but you." The l ink between the pastors of the Church and the Holy See was then emphasised, and Dr . Hinsley proceeded to un­fold his programme, a programme in union with the desires of the Sovereign Pontiff. "Our home policy," he said, "is Catholic A c ­tion; our foreign policy is M i s ­sionary Act ion." On the school question, His Grace emphasised that whatever political party claimed the justifiable allegiance of Catholics, there wrould be but undivided policy on the school question. On the matter of the Foreign Missions, the Archbishop stressed the fact that close upon a third of all the Catholic missions of the world are wi th in B r i t i s h territory,; and he bore witness to the liberty enjoyed by Catholic missionaries under the Br i t i sh Hag. Here His Grace could speak from close and interesting person­al experience, on account of his own former high positions in Africa, first of ail as Apostolic Visitor to the Br i t i sh missions and afterwards as Apostolic Dele­gate to that great country. Dr . Hinsley pledged himself, by the devotion of his most earnest efforts, to promoting the work of the Association for the Propaga­tion of the F a i t h and other missionary societies.

The Archbishop's encourage­ment for the work of the Catholic Press came in gracious words which are no less applicable to the Malaya Catholic Leader than to our Catholic newspapers here in England. "The Catholic Press," ne said, "is a mighty power for spreading the t ruth and for de­fending the Fa i th . It exercises a reaTapostoIa'te, second only to the preaching office of those who are divinely commissioned, to teach in God's Church I take this opportunity of urging the duty ™ support our Catholic writers and journalists, and so to help towards the development of the

Apostoiate of the Press. To sup­port the Catholic Press and to make use of its far-reaching in­fluence should be one of the strongest planks in the platform of Cathoiic Action.

Dr. Hinsley xlosed his address with a reference to two imminent events: the canonization of B B . John Fisher and Thomas More, and the King 's Silver jubilee. These events, His Grace emphasis­ed, coincided significantly to manifest our twofold loyalty— loyalty to God, and loyalty to K i n g and country.

A Record Reception. The Low Week Reception this

year at Archbishop's House beat all records for attendance, and led to an unprecedented change in the procedure. In past years, the crowd of men in uniform or even­ing dress, and ladies clad i n black and wearing mantillas, has made the Throne Room a fashionable assembly on conventional social lines, wi th the Cardinal Archb i ­shop and the other members of the Hierarchy supplying a r ich note ,of scarlet and purple to the gathering. And the guests, numerous as they have been, have found their way swiftly and with ease into the building. This was not the case in the present week. The desire to participate i n wel­

coming the new Archbishop, to pay homage to His Grace in per­son and on the occasion of his first reception, took a great mult i­tude of Catholics to Westminster, men and women of almost every rank of life. When some of the fashionable cars drove up, their occupants saw, not a clear and in­viting passage, but an immensely long queue of waiting men and women, stretching in hundreds, from the doors of Archbishop's House, along the length of A m -brosden Avenue. A n hour after the time when the reception be­gan, they were still making their slow way into the building, as op­portunity allowed.

Vv hen ihe Throne Room could hold no more, it was decided to vary customary routine. The visitors were diverted, as they arrived, into the spacious Cathed­ral Hal l , and when some hundreds had there assembled, the Archbi ­shop appeared and was given a mighty welcome. Individual pre­sentations were, of course, impos­sible; so H i s Grace addressed the crowd from the platform, thank­ing them for their welcome and .giving them his blessing.

Included in the great company present at the reception wTere nearly all the Archbishops and Bishops of England and Wales, many abbots and other prelates, representatives of the diplomatic corps, Cathoiic peers, papal knights, and other high personag­es. A n d as i f to supply a note of true democracy to the gathering these rubbed shoulders with hundreds of working men and women who knew that they, too, were gladly welcomed to their pastor's house to take part in the memorable occasion.

ST. J O H N F I S H E R A N G L I C A N P A R T I C I P A T I O N .

It is not without significance, as showing the altered spirit now prevailing towards the Church, that the canonization of Blessed John Cardinal Fisher is being cclebiated officially, not only by Catholics, but in the Martyred Bishop's own diocese, Rochester, by the authorities of the Protes­tant Establishment. A special Anglican service has been arranged „ to be held in" Rochester Cathedral, and other Anglican celebrations arc in prospect. A t Beverley, also, where Blessed John Fisher was born, his memory is to be honoured by his fellow-townsmen. L o r d Halifax, an Anglican peer, it is announced, is to deliver an address on the martyr. Wi th so much out­side politeness in the air, the only fear is lest the ordinary unins-tructed Englishman, not well versed in his country's history, should get it into his head that Bishop Fisher lived and died for the Church of England. There are not wanting those among the extreme "Highs" of the Establish­ment who practically insist that this was indeed the case! W i l l the canonization produce a statue of the then newly-made Saint in Rochester Cathedral? Who shall say? It can be noted, however, that after the canonization of St. Joan of Arc a statue of the Maid was set up by Protestant authority in Winchester Cathedral, and there it remains to this day.

* * * * A Riot that Failed.

Edinburgh has lately had an outburst of anti-Catholic violence which completely failed of its pur­pose. The decision of the L o r d Provost to give civic welcome to the delegates of the Catholic Young Men's Society, who have just held their annual Conference in the city, was challenged by a Protestant firebrand who threatened that i f the reception took place there would be a real "smash-up." H i s violence came to an ignoble head at the hands of the Protestant corner boys of Edinburgh, who surged into the streets on the evening fixed .for the reception and gave Ed in ­burgh's police force a busy hour or two. But the reception only took place, and some of the Pro­testant manifestants have since had to answer for their conduct in the police-court. What is ^ti l l more satisfactory is the fact that this wave of bigotry has so dis­gusted Edinburgh's citizens as a whole that the chief newspapers have condemned it in unmeasured terms. The leading articles and other comments must have made sad reading for the bigots. In Edinburgh, in fact, partizan Pro­testantism 'stinks in the nostrils" of every decent element in the population.

C. T. S. Does Wel l . A t the annual meeting of the

Catholic Truth Society, it was re­ported, among many other encour­aging points regarding the past year's doings, that in 1934 the Society sold upwards of 1,374,000 pamphlets, nearly 42,000 more than in the previous year. A de­velopment in Catholic activity over here is the Catholic F i l m Library . So successful has this venture been that since the end of last October the Society has sent out, on hire, close upon two hundred film reels. Some of these convey instruction, and others depict events of Catho­iic interest.

X

It's not only a matter of taste

To be a perfect timepiece, a watch has to be beautiful and accurate. Now, everyone can say whether a watch is to one's liking or not, but it is difficult to estimate the quality. Only experts can judge the finish and precision of a mechanism as delicate as that of a watch. There remains for those who love accuracy a means of eliminating disappointment-choose a V U L C A I N watch, acknowledged the best by thousands of people all over the world. With a V U L C A I N you have the satisfaction of knowing that you possess a timepiece of unequalled accuracy and refined beauty.

Liverpool Cathedral. A few days ago there arrived in

Liverpool substantial proof that the great Metropolitan Catholic Cathedral is really making pro­gress. To a large extent founda­tions and preparatory brickwork, important though they be, have been thought of as but prelimi­naries. Now, however, Liverpool's people have seen a hundred great pieces of Cornish granite unload­ed on the Cathedral site, all of them numbered in readiness for placing in position in the south crypt of the vast building, the first portion to be erected. Month by month, Liverpool's Cathedral wil l in future progress under the eyes of the present generation.

* sft <c $

A N O T A B L E G I F T . Sultan of Johore's Generosity. Interest blends wi th admiration

in London by the news of the princely gift of half a million of money, from Johore, for the Singapore base. This is the most princely contribution announced in honour of the King ' s jubilee. It formed the only item on news­paper contents bills and was much commented upon. Portraits of the Sultan of Johore are appear­ing and everywhere Johore is get­ting an admiring press. The re­sult of the gift, by its acceleration of the work, wrill mean, it is hoped, a large increase in employment and consequent prosperity for Singapore. In the matter of jubilee generosity, Malaya leads.

M R S . L Y O N S .

Australia's Catholic Premier and his gifted wife continue to win golden opinions here in England. Mrs. Lyons has already demons­trated her keen interest in social work; and she is shortly to give proof also of her care for Catholic education. She has gladly accept­ed an invitation to pay a visit, on June 1, to Urmston, a suburban parish frr Manchester, and there lay the foundation-stone of the new school of the English Mar­tyrs. Mrs . Lyons is a believer in Empire education in the schools, and such education wi l l be given at Urmston as the new school develops.

4 M A L A Y A CATHOLIC L E A D E R , SATURDAY, MAY 18th, 1935/

Y o u n g People's Page

The Story of the Apparition of our Lady of the Rosary of Fatima.

O N L Y A S P R A Y - B O W , A N D Y E T !

(Concluded.)

T H E L I T T L E C H A P E L . The rude li t t le arch and chapel

that were erected by the peasants have given place to magnificent constructions at the shrine of Our L a d y of Fa t ima. Fo r pilgrimage, for cures, for conversions and for the increase of devotions, Fatima in Portugal has become almost as famous as Lourdes in France.

Devotion To Our Lady Of Fatima.

Devotion to Our Lady of Fa t ima has spread to almost all the catholic countries of Europe, where the 13th of M a y or October is kept as a solemn festival.

- C h a p e l s ^ o r "altars are dedicated to her i n Af r i ca , India, China, Amer ica . Y o u wi l l remember that recently i n the Church of Saint Joseph in Singapore, a beautiful statue of Our Lady of Fa t ima was placed and you wil l also have noticed that her altar is almost always decorated with fresh flowers offered by pious people as a homage to Our Lady. Y o u may also get a bunch of fresh flowers, place it at her altar and kneeling, recite the short prayer she herself had taught us.

The Lo t of The Three Children. Y o u are naturally curious to

know ail about Lucia , Francisco, and Jacinta. Towards the end of 1918, a poisonous fever known as influenza was doing havoc in all the countries of Europe. In December of that year Francisco fell i l l wi th influenza. Af te r two weeks in bed his fever was cured, but he was getting weaker and weaker.

Y o u wi l l remember that Our L a d y had promised that Francisco would go to heaven but that he must say the Rosary many many times. F rom that day he had never let a single day pass with­out offering this homage to Our Lady. He never left out the short prayer after the Glory Beed, that our Lady had taught. A n d often when his mother forgot to recite it , he reminded her that she could recite i t any time of the day as she went about her work.

Bu t now he was become so weak that he was unable to recite the whole Rosary. He was not at all sorry for being sick, but he was sorry for being unable to say the Rosary. His godmother consoled h im that Our Lady would accept the half Rosary as gladly as the ful l .

When some one remarked that he would soon get better, his face became mvsterious, his eyes had a far-off look and gently shaking his head, he muttered, " N o . " His god­mother vowed to give to the shrine of Our Lady a quantity of wheat that would weigh as much as Francisco himself. B u t he told her that the promise was quite useless and that she would not obtain the favour. On the 2nd of A p r i l 1919 his conditions became worse. The parish priest came, heard his confession and promised to b r ing the Holy Communion the next morning. That was Francis­

co's first communion. It was also his last. On the 5th of A p r i l he asked his godmother and others to bless him and to forgive him, and then without complaint, with a sweet smile upon his lips, he left this world for heaven where he beholds for ever Our Blessed Mother, Her Son, Saint Joseph among all the hosts of heaven.

Jacinta. In 1919 Francisco's lit t le sister

also fell a victim to influenza. A famous doctor had he* removed to Lisbon for better medical treat­ment. She was suffering much and an operation was thought necessary. Jacinta told them that it would be useless, but the opera­tion was performed without any good results. Some days after­wards the child said, "I won't cry any more. Our Lady has appear­ed to me and promised that she would soon take me to heaven." These children who had already had a glimpse of heaven were not afraid to die for to them it was quite clear that death was the necessary gate to an eternity of bliss.

Dear little Jacinta while in the hospital expressed great sorrow for the souls of some of the un­believing doctors and for some of the nurses there who showed affectation in their dresses, for luxury and impurity are the sins that lead most souls to hell. On the 19th of February she received the sacraments of the Church and the next morning Our Lady took her favourite little Jacinta to her­self. Some charitable people sub­scribed sufficient money to take her body from Lisbon to Fa t ima where it lies buried beside her brother's.

Luc ia . Of the three little shepherd

children who saw Our Lady at Fat ima, only one is t i l l alive, Lucia the principal confidante of Our Lady. She was not grieved at the death of her dear cousins, for it was a great favour that God had shown to them by removing them from this wretched world of sin and sorrows to heaven where they have the ever lasting vision of God and His angels and saints. Glorious in the eyes of God is the death of His holy ones.

For some years Lucia could be seen visi t ing the same spot at the Cova and reciting the Rosary with the crowds of pilgrims, until one day she was not to be seen at Fa t ima at all. She had gone to a college in Oporto. Af ter studying there for a period she went to Tuy a town in Spain on the border of Portugal and entered the convent of Saint Dorothy. She had domestic duties to perform there, and her humility and obedience were a great example to the others. On the 3rd of October 1928 she made her religious vows and lives there in the silence and peace of the convent.

You might envy the lot of these shepherd children. But, i f you

Contd: on next Col.)

A n afternoon in June, 1933. We had the previous night

steamed out of the harbour of Colombo, in my impression, after a two-day visit, the city of cawing crows and pesterirg hawkers. We were now heading in a more or less easterly direction for Malaya.

The other passengers being otherwise occupied, I found myself alone, leaning against the ship's rail ing, gazing listlessly over the side at the broken field of sea-water as it swept by with a slow undulating grace. Slowly, broken­ly, dreamily, the words filtered through my mind: "Water, water everywhere, and rot a drop to drink—". Then .gradually but steadily, my thoughts took bolder relief, and the Ancient Mariner lay reflected, gesticuiatingly spinning out his philosophy, amid the mul­tifarious tints of the water. In turn he vanished, to leave behind him a beautiful little rainbow a-nestle arched skyward upon the green-blue slope of a wave that curled eternally from the plough­ing bow of the vessel.

I awoke, or rather this poetic vision roused me, from my re­verie. And in the daze that im­mediately heralded full wakeful­ness, I stupidly scanned the hea­vens for the arch of beauty that thus so artistically cast its reflec­tion as it were through a reversed telescope. The next moment how­ever, full consciousness pulled me u d short in my futile search, and, abashed, I looked around to make sure no one had noticed me. I laughed; then returned to my magic wave. No mere vision, the tiny rainbow still nestled there, complete in its hues and perfectly serene, though all around it the waters frolicked and bickered naughtily, churned hoity-toity by each dip of the ship's bow. Then, with every new shower of spray, it quivered gently for a moment, mingling its four tints with the green-blue of the white-crested wave on which it lay.

Wonderful, I thought! How re­miniscent of the Story of Galilee! The shrieking, howling winds; the raving sea; the flying, biting spray; a little fisher boat tossing hither and thither with crazy-flapping sails and white-faced, wild-eyed crew; ard in the midst of all this terrific din and fury, as it were of hell itself let loose, the white-robed Christ peacefully, serenely picking His way through the broken waters, troubled not at all by their onslaught, save for a constant lapping at His Divine Feet,—the Feet that were soon +o tread a rougher and unkinder path than this!

And then, with a slight cessa­tion in the upthrow of spray dust, my rainbow vanished for a brief moment. The sun's rays were si i l l there, though imperceptible;

are not going to have heavenly visions, you might t ry to emulate them by receiving Our Blessed Lord in the sacrament often, and conversing with H i m and devoutly listening for what He has to tell you.

Meanwhile -make-it a habit-to-, recite the Rosary daily and to re­peat the prayer, "Oh my Jesus, forgive us our sins, save us from he fires of hell and release the souls in Purgatory especially those that are bv everv one for­gotten."

A . D 'C.

A l l young people need milk every

day:

for preference

MILKMAID MILK.

Duller Cream

LEE BI/CUIT/ U?

vet were they powerless to restore the rainbow to the breast of the little wave, until , as it seemed, some co-operation, some personal effort—in the form of a spray-dizzle—were first forthcoming from the wave itself. This seem­ed to me symbolical. For did not an adage counsel us not to "pray to God with arms folded"? And another, from Basque, remind us that although "God is a good Worker. He likes to be helped!" Even He, the Eternal, the A l ­mighty, requires, nay demands, our co-oneration i f He is to achieve anything for us and among us! His tremendous Work of Redemption were ni l , unless we of our own freewill did our part therein, threw up our own

I turned away from the rairbow, bewildered, awed! It was only a thine of beauty, a pretty piece of nothingness, and yet what mighty, what wonderful truths it tamrht

C. W. B. M.

M A L A Y A CATHOLIC LEADER, SATURDAY, M A Y 18th, 1935.

Report on the "Gardens" For the year 1934.

We took a keen interest in per­using the "Annual Report of the Director of Gardens for the Year 1934" which has been kindly for­warded to us. Though not of a bulky size,—the matter covers only six pages,—this succinct^ account gives a clear cursory view of the work done by the staff of the Gardens Department not only in furthering the knowledge of the flora of this country, but also in introducing foreign plants and fruit-trees for our gardens and orchards.

Its work is not confined within the narrow l imits of the Botanic Gardens in Singapore and Penang as many people would believe who enjoy, now and then, a quiet stroll along their flower-beds and stately avenues of palm-trees. Much wider is the field covered by the acti­vities of the Gardens' staff.

In fact the whole Malay Penin­sula with the islands on its western and eastern coasts form the area which falls under the survey of this Department.

In June 1934, M r . Corner ex­plored the swampy forests of Johore where he made interesting discoveries. Unfortunately, hav­ing contracted Japanese River fever, he hacT to repair i n haste to Singapore for treatment. There he recovered after a very serious illness. A t the same time,—in June,—Mr. C . F . Symington brought a collection of considerable interest from Gunong Tapis, a mountain near Kuantan, where no botanical exploration had been made yet. A n d finally, in Novem­ber, Mr . Henderson visited Pulau Langkawi, Pulau Timun and Pulau Davang Bun t ing ; not only did he obtain a very good general idea on the limestone flora, but he was so lucky as to discover a species belonging to a family not yet re­corded in this region.

Mr. C. X . Furtado, assistant Botanist,—who is a parishioner of the church of St. Joseph, Singa­pore,—worked in the Herbarium of the Botanic Gardens, Berlin, from June 6th 1933 to January 14th 1934. He also availed himself of a fortnight holiday to visit botani­cal institutions in Italy, Aust r ia and Czechoslovakia. Then he spent two months and a half at Kew and the Brit ish Museum and, on his Journey back to Singapore, visited the Herbarium of the National History at Pa r i s .—"As a result of his studies " says the Report, " M r . Furtado had gained much new knowledge concerning Malayan palms and aroids, and two papers had already been published by the end of the year, while others were jn preparation." The papers re­ferred to, and published in the Fedde Repertorium, Berl in, are The limits of the genus Areca, Lmn. and its sections' (22 pp.) Palmae Malesicae' (10 pp.).

If to these paners, contributed ^ Mr. C. X . Furtado to a foreign review, we add those published by other members of Gardens in the gardens Bulletin, during 1934,— Vol. VII. , Pt. 3 and V o l . VIII . , Pt.

we come to the conclusion that, P^der the imnulse of M r . R. E . «oitum, Director of this Depart-m e n * . systematic Botany keeps

apace with the collecting of plants, and Ridley's magnum opus is in good hands for a successful con­tinuation.

The three last Chapters of the Report deal with the improvements made to the Botanic and other public Gardens in Singapore and Penang, and with various experi­ments in acclimatizing foreign species such as the edible fig-tree. We are told about this tree that " sixteen plants o f . . . .four va­rieties were introduced from Eng­land for tr ial . They grew well in large pots, and began to fruit, but in a few months they were attack- , ed so severely by boring weevils and a species of longicorn beetle, the larvae of which ate into the tap root, that most of the plants died. A possible solution of the problem of root attack is to graft the edible figs to local wild species; this has been tried without success."

It is to be hoped, however, that some means shall be discovered of protecting the fig-tree against these pests so that, sooner or later, its dainty fruits wil l have their place on our table. This hope is far from being beyond possibility as at the Horticultural show, held last year at Malacca, were to be seen figs of a fairly good size.

Some of our readers to whom the Gardens Department and its activities were hardly known—if not unknown at a l l—wil l hence-forwards be able to realize the task devolving upon this institution and its uti l i ty to the public well-being.

R A M A R A M A .

L I T T L E S T A R .

1. " Poor boy, poor lonely boy, were I but strong,

I'd lift you away from the world's mighty throng,

And place you beside me, from here to behold

A l l things that the good God from nothing did mould.

2. But list you! I see an old shack in the hi l ls ;

In a shabby old bed which a shabby room fills

Lies sleeping an urchin, his lips in a smile,

Such as on4y God's angels can give to a child.

3. And now a huge city all lighted I see.

Its people as many as leaves on a tree;

One sad, lonely beggarman hobbles along,

T i l l a passing boy's coin fills his heart with a song.

4. Away, far away, where the sun 'gins to rise,

A shepherd-boy leaves his hay-bed 'neath the skies,

And, picking his shaft, guides the flock to the dells,

To graze there and romp t i l l the r ing of church-bells.

5. And away to the darkening west I espy

A little g i r l kneeling, her face to the sky,

Her praving lips whisper; hark! what do they say?

* And bless, Dod, all lonely little kids far away! ' "

B y C . W . B . M .

Royal Silver Jubilee Celebratoin Pictures from

KUALA LUMPUR.

S I N G H A L E S E A R C H

P A D A N G , K U A L A L U M P U R .

T A J M A H A L I N D I A N M E R C H A N T S

K U A L A L U M P U R .

P E T E R CHONG & CO., (The Catholic Store).

BOOKS F O R L E N T S E A S O N : — Station of the Cross (Illustrated) Holy Week Book Bible History (Illustrated) Catholic Doctrme Imitation of Christ Holy Bible Catholic Boys' Guide Catholic Girls' Guide, etc.

These are the books that should greatly appeal to our fellow Catholics. Get them from the only Store of its kind in Malaya.

MOOI CHIN RESTAURANT

For European and Chinese Foods, Day and Night , under experienced Management, en­suring excellent cuisine, prompt service and moderate charges, opened rrecently at No. 420, Nor th Bridge Road, (Corner of Purvis Street) Singapore.

4 M A L A Y A CATHOLIC L E A D E R , SATURDAY, MAY 18th, 1935/

Y o u n g People's Page

The Story of the Apparition of our Lady of the Rosary of Fatima.

O N L Y A S P R A Y - B O W , A N D Y E T !

(Concluded.)

T H E L I T T L E C H A P E L . The rude li t t le arch and chapel

that were erected by the peasants have given place to magnificent constructions at the shrine of Our L a d y of Fa t ima. Fo r pilgrimage, for cures, for conversions and for the increase of devotions, Fatima in Portugal has become almost as famous as Lourdes in France.

Devotion To Our Lady Of Fatima.

Devotion to Our Lady of Fa t ima has spread to almost all the catholic countries of Europe, where the 13th of M a y or October is kept as a solemn festival.

- C h a p e l s ^ o r "altars are dedicated to her i n Af r i ca , India, China, Amer ica . Y o u wi l l remember that recently i n the Church of Saint Joseph in Singapore, a beautiful statue of Our Lady of Fa t ima was placed and you wil l also have noticed that her altar is almost always decorated with fresh flowers offered by pious people as a homage to Our Lady. Y o u may also get a bunch of fresh flowers, place it at her altar and kneeling, recite the short prayer she herself had taught us.

The Lo t of The Three Children. Y o u are naturally curious to

know ail about Lucia , Francisco, and Jacinta. Towards the end of 1918, a poisonous fever known as influenza was doing havoc in all the countries of Europe. In December of that year Francisco fell i l l wi th influenza. Af te r two weeks in bed his fever was cured, but he was getting weaker and weaker.

Y o u wi l l remember that Our L a d y had promised that Francisco would go to heaven but that he must say the Rosary many many times. F rom that day he had never let a single day pass with­out offering this homage to Our Lady. He never left out the short prayer after the Glory Beed, that our Lady had taught. A n d often when his mother forgot to recite it , he reminded her that she could recite i t any time of the day as she went about her work.

Bu t now he was become so weak that he was unable to recite the whole Rosary. He was not at all sorry for being sick, but he was sorry for being unable to say the Rosary. His godmother consoled h im that Our Lady would accept the half Rosary as gladly as the ful l .

When some one remarked that he would soon get better, his face became mvsterious, his eyes had a far-off look and gently shaking his head, he muttered, " N o . " His god­mother vowed to give to the shrine of Our Lady a quantity of wheat that would weigh as much as Francisco himself. B u t he told her that the promise was quite useless and that she would not obtain the favour. On the 2nd of A p r i l 1919 his conditions became worse. The parish priest came, heard his confession and promised to b r ing the Holy Communion the next morning. That was Francis­

co's first communion. It was also his last. On the 5th of A p r i l he asked his godmother and others to bless him and to forgive him, and then without complaint, with a sweet smile upon his lips, he left this world for heaven where he beholds for ever Our Blessed Mother, Her Son, Saint Joseph among all the hosts of heaven.

Jacinta. In 1919 Francisco's lit t le sister

also fell a victim to influenza. A famous doctor had he* removed to Lisbon for better medical treat­ment. She was suffering much and an operation was thought necessary. Jacinta told them that it would be useless, but the opera­tion was performed without any good results. Some days after­wards the child said, "I won't cry any more. Our Lady has appear­ed to me and promised that she would soon take me to heaven." These children who had already had a glimpse of heaven were not afraid to die for to them it was quite clear that death was the necessary gate to an eternity of bliss.

Dear little Jacinta while in the hospital expressed great sorrow for the souls of some of the un­believing doctors and for some of the nurses there who showed affectation in their dresses, for luxury and impurity are the sins that lead most souls to hell. On the 19th of February she received the sacraments of the Church and the next morning Our Lady took her favourite little Jacinta to her­self. Some charitable people sub­scribed sufficient money to take her body from Lisbon to Fa t ima where it lies buried beside her brother's.

Luc ia . Of the three little shepherd

children who saw Our Lady at Fat ima, only one is t i l l alive, Lucia the principal confidante of Our Lady. She was not grieved at the death of her dear cousins, for it was a great favour that God had shown to them by removing them from this wretched world of sin and sorrows to heaven where they have the ever lasting vision of God and His angels and saints. Glorious in the eyes of God is the death of His holy ones.

For some years Lucia could be seen visi t ing the same spot at the Cova and reciting the Rosary with the crowds of pilgrims, until one day she was not to be seen at Fa t ima at all. She had gone to a college in Oporto. Af ter studying there for a period she went to Tuy a town in Spain on the border of Portugal and entered the convent of Saint Dorothy. She had domestic duties to perform there, and her humility and obedience were a great example to the others. On the 3rd of October 1928 she made her religious vows and lives there in the silence and peace of the convent.

You might envy the lot of these shepherd children. But, i f you

Contd: on next Col.)

A n afternoon in June, 1933. We had the previous night

steamed out of the harbour of Colombo, in my impression, after a two-day visit, the city of cawing crows and pesterirg hawkers. We were now heading in a more or less easterly direction for Malaya.

The other passengers being otherwise occupied, I found myself alone, leaning against the ship's rail ing, gazing listlessly over the side at the broken field of sea-water as it swept by with a slow undulating grace. Slowly, broken­ly, dreamily, the words filtered through my mind: "Water, water everywhere, and rot a drop to drink—". Then .gradually but steadily, my thoughts took bolder relief, and the Ancient Mariner lay reflected, gesticuiatingly spinning out his philosophy, amid the mul­tifarious tints of the water. In turn he vanished, to leave behind him a beautiful little rainbow a-nestle arched skyward upon the green-blue slope of a wave that curled eternally from the plough­ing bow of the vessel.

I awoke, or rather this poetic vision roused me, from my re­verie. And in the daze that im­mediately heralded full wakeful­ness, I stupidly scanned the hea­vens for the arch of beauty that thus so artistically cast its reflec­tion as it were through a reversed telescope. The next moment how­ever, full consciousness pulled me u d short in my futile search, and, abashed, I looked around to make sure no one had noticed me. I laughed; then returned to my magic wave. No mere vision, the tiny rainbow still nestled there, complete in its hues and perfectly serene, though all around it the waters frolicked and bickered naughtily, churned hoity-toity by each dip of the ship's bow. Then, with every new shower of spray, it quivered gently for a moment, mingling its four tints with the green-blue of the white-crested wave on which it lay.

Wonderful, I thought! How re­miniscent of the Story of Galilee! The shrieking, howling winds; the raving sea; the flying, biting spray; a little fisher boat tossing hither and thither with crazy-flapping sails and white-faced, wild-eyed crew; ard in the midst of all this terrific din and fury, as it were of hell itself let loose, the white-robed Christ peacefully, serenely picking His way through the broken waters, troubled not at all by their onslaught, save for a constant lapping at His Divine Feet,—the Feet that were soon +o tread a rougher and unkinder path than this!

And then, with a slight cessa­tion in the upthrow of spray dust, my rainbow vanished for a brief moment. The sun's rays were si i l l there, though imperceptible;

are not going to have heavenly visions, you might t ry to emulate them by receiving Our Blessed Lord in the sacrament often, and conversing with H i m and devoutly listening for what He has to tell you.

Meanwhile -make-it a habit-to-, recite the Rosary daily and to re­peat the prayer, "Oh my Jesus, forgive us our sins, save us from he fires of hell and release the souls in Purgatory especially those that are bv everv one for­gotten."

A . D 'C.

A l l young people need milk every

day:

for preference

MILKMAID MILK.

Duller Cream

LEE BI/CUIT/ U?

vet were they powerless to restore the rainbow to the breast of the little wave, until , as it seemed, some co-operation, some personal effort—in the form of a spray-dizzle—were first forthcoming from the wave itself. This seem­ed to me symbolical. For did not an adage counsel us not to "pray to God with arms folded"? And another, from Basque, remind us that although "God is a good Worker. He likes to be helped!" Even He, the Eternal, the A l ­mighty, requires, nay demands, our co-oneration i f He is to achieve anything for us and among us! His tremendous Work of Redemption were ni l , unless we of our own freewill did our part therein, threw up our own

I turned away from the rairbow, bewildered, awed! It was only a thine of beauty, a pretty piece of nothingness, and yet what mighty, what wonderful truths it tamrht

C. W. B. M.

M A L A Y A CATHOLIC LEADER, SATURDAY, M A Y 18th, 1935.

Report on the "Gardens" For the year 1934.

We took a keen interest in per­using the "Annual Report of the Director of Gardens for the Year 1934" which has been kindly for­warded to us. Though not of a bulky size,—the matter covers only six pages,—this succinct^ account gives a clear cursory view of the work done by the staff of the Gardens Department not only in furthering the knowledge of the flora of this country, but also in introducing foreign plants and fruit-trees for our gardens and orchards.

Its work is not confined within the narrow l imits of the Botanic Gardens in Singapore and Penang as many people would believe who enjoy, now and then, a quiet stroll along their flower-beds and stately avenues of palm-trees. Much wider is the field covered by the acti­vities of the Gardens' staff.

In fact the whole Malay Penin­sula with the islands on its western and eastern coasts form the area which falls under the survey of this Department.

In June 1934, M r . Corner ex­plored the swampy forests of Johore where he made interesting discoveries. Unfortunately, hav­ing contracted Japanese River fever, he hacT to repair i n haste to Singapore for treatment. There he recovered after a very serious illness. A t the same time,—in June,—Mr. C . F . Symington brought a collection of considerable interest from Gunong Tapis, a mountain near Kuantan, where no botanical exploration had been made yet. A n d finally, in Novem­ber, Mr . Henderson visited Pulau Langkawi, Pulau Timun and Pulau Davang Bun t ing ; not only did he obtain a very good general idea on the limestone flora, but he was so lucky as to discover a species belonging to a family not yet re­corded in this region.

Mr. C. X . Furtado, assistant Botanist,—who is a parishioner of the church of St. Joseph, Singa­pore,—worked in the Herbarium of the Botanic Gardens, Berlin, from June 6th 1933 to January 14th 1934. He also availed himself of a fortnight holiday to visit botani­cal institutions in Italy, Aust r ia and Czechoslovakia. Then he spent two months and a half at Kew and the Brit ish Museum and, on his Journey back to Singapore, visited the Herbarium of the National History at Pa r i s .—"As a result of his studies " says the Report, " M r . Furtado had gained much new knowledge concerning Malayan palms and aroids, and two papers had already been published by the end of the year, while others were jn preparation." The papers re­ferred to, and published in the Fedde Repertorium, Berl in, are The limits of the genus Areca, Lmn. and its sections' (22 pp.) Palmae Malesicae' (10 pp.).

If to these paners, contributed ^ Mr. C. X . Furtado to a foreign review, we add those published by other members of Gardens in the gardens Bulletin, during 1934,— Vol. VII. , Pt. 3 and V o l . VIII . , Pt.

we come to the conclusion that, P^der the imnulse of M r . R. E . «oitum, Director of this Depart-m e n * . systematic Botany keeps

apace with the collecting of plants, and Ridley's magnum opus is in good hands for a successful con­tinuation.

The three last Chapters of the Report deal with the improvements made to the Botanic and other public Gardens in Singapore and Penang, and with various experi­ments in acclimatizing foreign species such as the edible fig-tree. We are told about this tree that " sixteen plants o f . . . .four va­rieties were introduced from Eng­land for tr ial . They grew well in large pots, and began to fruit, but in a few months they were attack- , ed so severely by boring weevils and a species of longicorn beetle, the larvae of which ate into the tap root, that most of the plants died. A possible solution of the problem of root attack is to graft the edible figs to local wild species; this has been tried without success."

It is to be hoped, however, that some means shall be discovered of protecting the fig-tree against these pests so that, sooner or later, its dainty fruits wil l have their place on our table. This hope is far from being beyond possibility as at the Horticultural show, held last year at Malacca, were to be seen figs of a fairly good size.

Some of our readers to whom the Gardens Department and its activities were hardly known—if not unknown at a l l—wil l hence-forwards be able to realize the task devolving upon this institution and its uti l i ty to the public well-being.

R A M A R A M A .

L I T T L E S T A R .

1. " Poor boy, poor lonely boy, were I but strong,

I'd lift you away from the world's mighty throng,

And place you beside me, from here to behold

A l l things that the good God from nothing did mould.

2. But list you! I see an old shack in the hi l ls ;

In a shabby old bed which a shabby room fills

Lies sleeping an urchin, his lips in a smile,

Such as on4y God's angels can give to a child.

3. And now a huge city all lighted I see.

Its people as many as leaves on a tree;

One sad, lonely beggarman hobbles along,

T i l l a passing boy's coin fills his heart with a song.

4. Away, far away, where the sun 'gins to rise,

A shepherd-boy leaves his hay-bed 'neath the skies,

And, picking his shaft, guides the flock to the dells,

To graze there and romp t i l l the r ing of church-bells.

5. And away to the darkening west I espy

A little g i r l kneeling, her face to the sky,

Her praving lips whisper; hark! what do they say?

* And bless, Dod, all lonely little kids far away! ' "

B y C . W . B . M .

Royal Silver Jubilee Celebratoin Pictures from

KUALA LUMPUR.

S I N G H A L E S E A R C H

P A D A N G , K U A L A L U M P U R .

T A J M A H A L I N D I A N M E R C H A N T S

K U A L A L U M P U R .

P E T E R CHONG & CO., (The Catholic Store).

BOOKS F O R L E N T S E A S O N : — Station of the Cross (Illustrated) Holy Week Book Bible History (Illustrated) Catholic Doctrme Imitation of Christ Holy Bible Catholic Boys' Guide Catholic Girls' Guide, etc.

These are the books that should greatly appeal to our fellow Catholics. Get them from the only Store of its kind in Malaya.

MOOI CHIN RESTAURANT

For European and Chinese Foods, Day and Night , under experienced Management, en­suring excellent cuisine, prompt service and moderate charges, opened rrecently at No. 420, Nor th Bridge Road, (Corner of Purvis Street) Singapore.

6

PORTUGUESE MALACCA And ACHEH By. Rev. Fr. R. CARDON

of the Paris Foreign Missions-

S E C O N D I N S T A L M E N T .

In his " Clero de Goa " Casimiro Christovao de Nazareth mentions, p. 294, that, in 1565, fifty-seven Portuguese were murdered in the Kingdom of Acheh; one of these was Alvaro Ferreira, and another Fernao Viegas, the father of Alma-dor Viegas, a Jesuit at Goa.

On account of his nearness to Malacca, Acheh was a permanent threat not only to that port but also to the Portuguese ships on their route from India to the Archipelago^ China and Japan. Therefore, in 1558, Dom Francisco Barreto, (21) the 19th Governor of India, superintended the equip­ment of a large fleet of 25 galleons, 10 galleys, and 80 galliots with the intention of firmly establishing the Portuguese Empire in these parts by the annihilation of its most re­lentless foe, the Sultanate of Acheh. But all his pains were in vain since, being at the end of his office, he had to make over his powers to Dom Constantino da Braganca. (22) To quote Danvers,

. " it appears to have been a prevail­ing custom in India that new Governors never put into execution the plans of their predecessors."

In 1568 " Ala'u'd-din Riayat S h a h " again attacked Malacca. To keep his expedition secret, he told the Portuguese that his army was destined for Java and, at the same time, he sent a letter of friendship together with a Kr is , as a present, to the Governor, Dom Leonis, Pereira.

So sure of success was the Sultan that he took his wife and children with him to the siege. His fleet of 250 sail, carrying 20,000 men with 200 brass cannon, came un­expectedly before Malacca.

On that day—the K i n g of Portu­gal's birthday—Dom Leonis Pe­reira, with the whole garrison and people of the city, were on the sea­shore enjoying themselves in vari­ous sports and exercises on horse­back. The sight of the Achinese armada (23) spread serious dismay among the merry-makers. With the utmost coolness, Dom Leonis ordered the games and sports to be continued, but gradually drew his men nearer the town, so that the enemy should not perceive thai he was aware of their aoproach. Then he mustered his forces, 1500 men in all, of which 200 only were Portuguese. A t this moment, a man, suspected of being a spy, was brought to him. Put to the tor­ture, the man confessed that he was an Achinese emissarv sent to poison the principal captains of the

place and set fire to their powder-magazine. By order of the Gover­nor, the spy was put to death, and his mutilated body sent to the Sultan of Acheh.

Signal For Battle. Enraged on seeing his plan baffl­

ed, the Sultan gave the signal for hostilities by landing his whole army. After a heavy cannonade, 200 scaling-ladders were laid ami­dst the deafening shouts of both the assailed and the assailants. Every available man in the For­tress was at his appointed post. Even the priests had undertaken to defend one position, (24) " but no sooner had the enemy com­menced the attack than they fled to their church." (Danvers: The Portuguese in India, Vol . 1). As the battle reached its highest pitch, a body of Portuguese sallied out, attacked the enemy's works kil l ing a great number of them and captur-

* ing one cannon together with a great quantity of arms. In this_ action, only one Portuguese and six Malays were killed. Inspirited by their K ing , the Achinese storm­ed the walls a second time; but as soon as they reached the top, they were hurtled down by their oppon­ent. Then the Portuguese *at-tempted another sally but, this time, they were driven back with heavy loss of officers. Every stratagem was devised by the enemy to terrorize the inhabitants but without avail. On the third day of this memorable siege, a general assault was made by the Achinese in which the indomitable courage of the Portuguese and their Malay troops won the victory.

" Ala'u'd-din Riayat Shah " see­ing that, after three days of furi­ous fighting, he had not gained a foot of ground, gave up all hope and, with great secrecy re-embark­ed his troops. Before leaving, he set fire to some of his vessels which were not required owing to some 4000 of his men being slain. During the siege, his eldest son, the ruler of A r u , lost his life.

Immediately after the departure of the Achinese, the K ing of Johore, Muzaffar Shah, arrived to assist the Portuguese with whom he was then on friendly terms. For a long distance he found the sea covered with the dead bodies of the enemy.

" This was esteemed one of the most desperate and honourable sieges the Portuguese experienced in India, their whole force consist­ing of but 1500 men of whom no more than 200 were Europeans "

PANORAMIC VIEW OF UPEH OR TRAXQL'ERAH TAKEN I ROM ST. PAUL'S HILL.

(Marsden: History of Sumatra, p. 430) and " it is difficult to deter­mine which of the two is the more astonishing: the vigorous stand made by such a handful of men, as the whole strength of Malacca consisted of; or of the prodigious resources and perseverance of the Achinese monarch." (do, I.e. p. 431).

Dom Leonis Pereira distributed money and jewels to the value of 15,000 crowns amongst all those who had distinguished themselves in the defence of the city.

In the following year, a Malac­ca ship met and captured in the Straits an Achinese vessel bound for Java with an embassy to raise a new enemy against the Portu­guese.

. About that time, in 1569, oc­curred one of the most valiant deeds in Portuguese annals. Cruising off Acheh, Lopes Caras-co fell in with a fleet of 20 large galleys and 180 other ships sup­posed to be for use against Malac­ca. They .were commanded by the Sultan of Acheh in person. Ca-rasco, with his single boat, could not expect to escape: so he re­solved to sell his life dearly. For three days, Carasco and the Achinese fought without mercy, only parting at night. Forty of his enemy's vessels were either sunk or disable.d, but Carasco's ship was so completely shattered that little of her remained above the water-line a*nd all her rigging had been torn to pieces. Luckily a Portuguese vessel came in sight and trfe Achinese. taking to flight, left Carasco on his wreck, master of the situation.

This combat of a single Portu­guese ship against her whole fleet taught Acheh the distasteful les­son that she alone had no more power to destroy the Lusitanians in the Archipelago than hajd the princes of India.

In 1570, reinforcements having ^ reached Goa, Luis de Mello da

Silva went to Malacca and from there set out with 14 sail in qu£st of the Achinese fleet. Off Acheh he met 60 well-manned ships armed with large cannon, and under the command of the Sul­tan's son. De Mello completely destroyed this fleet, capturing three galleys with six small ships and sending the rest, but one, to the bottom. The Sultan's son and heir was killed with 1200 of his men, and 300 others were made prisoners. On the Portuguese side, not a single man was lost.

On 28th September 1571, "Ala'u'd'dln Riayat Shah" died. He had failed in his attacks on Malacca. He had also attacked the Batak to convert them to Islam and had conquered Aru though Johor forced him to evacuate it: but in 1564, he revenged himself on Johor carrying the Sultan as a prisoner to Acheh.

In the middle of October, 1571, Antonio Moniz Barreto (25) being captain of the Fortress, the forces of the new ruler, Husain, styled Sultan " A l i Riayat Shah" arrived before 'Malacca, a fleet of about 100 sail carrying 7000 men. On the verv night of arrival they landed at Iller (26) (Banda-Hilir) which was set on fire; a violent downpour of rain providentially hindered the total destruction of this suburb. Afterwards, the Achinese attempted to burn the Portuguese ships at anchor off Ilha das Naos (Pulo Jawa), (27) but failed. They then decided to besiege the city which was in a sorry plight, its garrison much re­duced from sickness and famine. Everything was gloomy, hopeless, as the enemv continually battered the walls and cut off all communi­cations from without. Soon the garrison and the inhabitants were reduced to great misery. At this crisis, Tristao Vas da Veiga. W»> then on his way to Sunda with a

(Contd: on page 7.)

(21) Dom Francisco Barreto; Gover­nor of India: 1555—1558; Captain Gover­nor or Governor of Monomotapa (Africa) in 1559; died the same year.

(22) Dom Constantino de Braganca, 7th Viceroy of India: 15*8—1561.

(23) Very likely the inhabitants pot sight of the Achenese fleet onlv when it came round Ilha das Pedras (the actual Pulo Upeh) which at that time formed the extreme point of a cape. According

to D. F. A. Hervey (Joum S.B.R.A.S. No. 53, 1909, pp. 111—115), " when Albuquerque took Malacca, it was.a har­bour with deep water and a fine sandy bay extending in a curve from the river mouth eastward? to the rocky eminence, called Pulo Upeh. . . . In the time of Valentyn (1726), the sea had already worn a way through the sandy shore and turned the western end of Upeh into an island.... From the time of the open­

ing of <his channel dates, no doubt, the silting which has spoilt the harbour of Malacca "—" The oldest resident in the place states that his father remembered when Pulo Upeh....was only a pistol-shot from the shore. . . . It is also known that land which were leased out by Government in that neighbourhood not very many years ago has disappeared pltogether owing to the encroachment of the sea."

(24) The Jesuits on St. Paul s Hill. (25) Antonio Moniz Barreto, ^ o x e r

nor of Malacca: 1571—1573 and Governor of India: 1573—1576. ,

(26) Her. a small village of fisher men was then without defensive won^

(21) Then known as Pulo Malacca and Ilha das Naos (Ship's Island*-

(28) Tristao Vas da Veiga. Governor of Sunda. succeeded Moniz Barreto y Captain of Malacca: 1678—1576.

M A L A Y A C A T H O L I C L E A D E R , S A T U R D A Y , M A Y 18th, 1935.

Portuguese Malacca and Acheh. (Continued from page 6.)

ship, put into the port. Acqui­escing in the entreaties of the be­sieged, he took in hand the command of the Malacca fleet which numbered only 10 ships, of which 9 were almost rotten ^and had no r igging; as for their crews

300 men—they were as naked as they were hungry. Everything was as bad as possible and Tris­tao Vas acknowledged that there could be no hope except in the Almighty. So he told his men to make their confession and prepare for death.

At the end of November, having prepared his fleet. Tristao Vas da Veiga set out and found the ene­my in the Rio Fermoso (Batu Pahat River) . He immediately charged and boarded the Admi­ral's ship, killed a number of her crew and hauled down her flag. "Meanwhile, Fertaao Peres, with only 13 men in a small vessel cap­tured one of the enemy's galleys: Fernao de Lemos sank another* of their ships, and Francisco de Lima, having also captured one, burnt it and then returned to the attack. Manoel Pereira who was in da Veiga's ship—the latter having taken the command of a Malacca galliot,—sank three other vessels and captured several with great slaughter. The remainder of the enemy's fleet, then, fled after losing 700 men" (Danvers, I.e. Vol. II). In this engagement the Portuguese lost only five men. For three days da Veiga remained at the mouth of the Rio Fermoso, waiting for the Achinese; but as They dared not come out, he re­turned to Malacca.

Malacca In Danger. In 1573, Antonio Moniz Barre­

to having been appointed Gover­nor of Portuguese India left for Goa. He had scarcely assumed the reins of government (9th September) when news came that Malacca was again in danger. Acheh was besieging the town, this time, with the co-operation of the queen of Japara (29) (in Java). Barreto ordered Dom Leo­nis Pereira/the hero of the siege of 1567, to proceed there imme­diately. But Pereira, who knew the fort to be in a very bad con-

(29) Japara—now Batavia founded by the Governor Jan Goen upon the ruins of Jaeatra in 1621. Became the headquarters of the Eastern Dutch colonies in 1519.

dition, refused to take charge of its defence unless he were given reinforcements and ammunition. On the refusal of the Viceroy to give him assistance, instead of going to Malacca, Dom Leonis sailed to Lisbon.

Meanwhile, Tristao Vas da Vei ­ga, whose captaincy at Sunda had just ended, arrived at Malacca, and by common Consent of the Council, was appointed Governor of the Fortress in succession to Dom Francisco Anriques who had recentlv died. His first act was to apply to the Viceroy for aid. Dom Antonio contented himself with encouraging the neighbour­ing Fortresses to assist da Veiga, promising to pay liberally for any help they might render. In that way, Malacca received an auxiliary force sufficient to make crood its defence. Moreover, on the request of Dom Antonio and on his offering has son, Duarte Moniz, a boy of eight years of age, as security, the Goa Municipality made a loan of 20,000 pardaos in order to fit out a relief fleet, and took charge of the security.

The Javanese General, Quiada-man. in the meantime, had begun hostilities (1574), attacking first Iller (Banda Hi l i r ) . Dom Anto­nio de Castro went to the rescue of the suburb with only ten men and was killed. After this skir­mish, Quiadaman encompassed the city with 15,000 of his best troops. In a sally, Joao Pereira and Mar-tim Pereira dislodged the enemy from one of his positions, killing 70 of them, levelling their earth­works and capturing 7 pieces of cannon. Next, they set fire to 30 of the enemy's galleons and to some war-engines which had been erected to attack one of the bas­tions while, on the river side, Fernao Peres de Andrade and Bernardim da Silva destroyed the palisades. In all these hand to hand fights the, Portuguese lost only from 15 to 20 men killed. Then Pereira attended to the be­sieging fleet. Pushing as far as Johore, he seized the provisions which were on their way to the enemy. Utterly demoralized by these successive blows, the enemy embarking, attempted to escape at night, Pereira overtook them from the rear and defeated them with great slaughter.

According to Marsden (I.e., p. 431), the terrible queen of Ja-

— Cut here. ————

para came again in the following year and invested Malacca with 300 V sail, 80 of which were junks of 400 tons burthen. After besieg­ing the place for three months, t i l l the very air became corrupt­ed by their stay, the fleet retired with little more than 5,000 men of the 15,000 that embarked on the expedition.

Very likely these two relentless foes of the Portuguese had agreed to molest the unfortunate citv by turns so that when one of them had retired to refit his fleet, the other, almost immediately, took his place.

Therefore, in the beginning of February 1575, the Achinese set sail for Malacca with 40 galleys and some other smaller ships and galliots to the number of 100, pro­vided with a great quantity of ar­tillery. Just at that time, Tristao Vas da Veiga was expecting re-yictualling ships, for the city was in great need of provisions. Therefore he had ordered Pereira in a galley, Bernardim da Silva in a caravel and Fernao Pallares in a ship, each with 40 men, to convoy and bring in these vessels. No sooner did they attempt to leave the port than the enemy pounced upon them and speedily sent their ships to the bottom. The three captains and 70 of their crews were either killed or drowned, 45 were taken prisoners but 5 escaped by swimming. 'Th i s was a dread­ful blow to Malacca and lamented, as the historian relates, with tears of blood by the little garrison who were not now above an hundred and fifty men, and of those a great part not effective;" " (Marsden, I.e., p. 431) two thirds were sick and aged. Moreover, lack of am­munition prevented the Portu­guese from replying to the ene­my's fire which battered the fort at intervals during seventeen day:;. Tristao Vas da Veiga, in­deed, intended to reserve his small stock of powder for an effort at the last extremity. This inacti­vity from their opponent, at first, startled the besiegers. Then, th^v became suspicious, imagin­ing ' that the Governor ..had some deep stratagem in hand* Seized with panic, they raised the siege when they might have taken the town without a blow, and retired without having inflicted any se­rious damage on the place. The siege had lasted a little less than one month. On that occasion. Malacca owed her preservation not only to the intrepidity but also to the patriotic generosity of the

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Governor who spent more than 20,000 ducats of his own money in the provision of arms and am­munition.

As soon as his fleet was back in Acheh, " A l i Riayat Shah" glutted his rage at his failure by massac­ring all the Portuguese who were in the town, amongst them: Andre Coutinho, Gaspar Carvalho, Antonio (or Francisco) Correia, Bernardino da Silva, Joao de Matos, Antonio Vas, Antonio V a -lente, Sebastiao Goncalves, Nuno Leite, Manoel Fernandez, Jorge de Andrade, Gaspar Carneiro and Joao Leao (C. C. de Nazareth, I.e., p. 295).

About that time, things were going from bad to worse, especial­ly in the Government of Malacca. The Portuguese domination in the Moluccas was near its end; (30) the squadron which had been des­patched to relieve the fort besieg­ed by the K i n g of Ternate was lost, nobody could say where; the King of Ujongtana (Johor) had. once more, changed sides to join the enemies of Malacca, and there was something like a general un­derstanding on the part of the native powers in India to join in one effort to rid themselves of the Portuguese yoke. And when, in 1578 and 1582, the news reached India of Dom Sebastian's death at Alcacer Kebir (Morocco) ; of the reunion of the Crown of Portugal to that of Spain, with Philip II as sovereign of the two Kingdoms, everyone foresaw that new trou­bles would arise in the Portuguese Empire.

(30) The last Commanders, one and all, had looked to their own*private in­terests rather than those of Portugal and the King of the Island had turned their most bitter foe.

E R R A T A .

In the 1st Instalment of the article encaptioned 1 Portuguese Malacca and Acheh/ in our last number some lines were transposed by error. The 19th line in column 3 pg. 6 should run on with the 11th line in col. 4 of the same page, and a few lines have to be interchanged from both these columns to make correct reading.

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6

PORTUGUESE MALACCA And ACHEH By. Rev. Fr. R. CARDON

of the Paris Foreign Missions-

S E C O N D I N S T A L M E N T .

In his " Clero de Goa " Casimiro Christovao de Nazareth mentions, p. 294, that, in 1565, fifty-seven Portuguese were murdered in the Kingdom of Acheh; one of these was Alvaro Ferreira, and another Fernao Viegas, the father of Alma-dor Viegas, a Jesuit at Goa.

On account of his nearness to Malacca, Acheh was a permanent threat not only to that port but also to the Portuguese ships on their route from India to the Archipelago^ China and Japan. Therefore, in 1558, Dom Francisco Barreto, (21) the 19th Governor of India, superintended the equip­ment of a large fleet of 25 galleons, 10 galleys, and 80 galliots with the intention of firmly establishing the Portuguese Empire in these parts by the annihilation of its most re­lentless foe, the Sultanate of Acheh. But all his pains were in vain since, being at the end of his office, he had to make over his powers to Dom Constantino da Braganca. (22) To quote Danvers,

. " it appears to have been a prevail­ing custom in India that new Governors never put into execution the plans of their predecessors."

In 1568 " Ala'u'd-din Riayat S h a h " again attacked Malacca. To keep his expedition secret, he told the Portuguese that his army was destined for Java and, at the same time, he sent a letter of friendship together with a Kr is , as a present, to the Governor, Dom Leonis, Pereira.

So sure of success was the Sultan that he took his wife and children with him to the siege. His fleet of 250 sail, carrying 20,000 men with 200 brass cannon, came un­expectedly before Malacca.

On that day—the K i n g of Portu­gal's birthday—Dom Leonis Pe­reira, with the whole garrison and people of the city, were on the sea­shore enjoying themselves in vari­ous sports and exercises on horse­back. The sight of the Achinese armada (23) spread serious dismay among the merry-makers. With the utmost coolness, Dom Leonis ordered the games and sports to be continued, but gradually drew his men nearer the town, so that the enemy should not perceive thai he was aware of their aoproach. Then he mustered his forces, 1500 men in all, of which 200 only were Portuguese. A t this moment, a man, suspected of being a spy, was brought to him. Put to the tor­ture, the man confessed that he was an Achinese emissarv sent to poison the principal captains of the

place and set fire to their powder-magazine. By order of the Gover­nor, the spy was put to death, and his mutilated body sent to the Sultan of Acheh.

Signal For Battle. Enraged on seeing his plan baffl­

ed, the Sultan gave the signal for hostilities by landing his whole army. After a heavy cannonade, 200 scaling-ladders were laid ami­dst the deafening shouts of both the assailed and the assailants. Every available man in the For­tress was at his appointed post. Even the priests had undertaken to defend one position, (24) " but no sooner had the enemy com­menced the attack than they fled to their church." (Danvers: The Portuguese in India, Vol . 1). As the battle reached its highest pitch, a body of Portuguese sallied out, attacked the enemy's works kil l ing a great number of them and captur-

* ing one cannon together with a great quantity of arms. In this_ action, only one Portuguese and six Malays were killed. Inspirited by their K ing , the Achinese storm­ed the walls a second time; but as soon as they reached the top, they were hurtled down by their oppon­ent. Then the Portuguese *at-tempted another sally but, this time, they were driven back with heavy loss of officers. Every stratagem was devised by the enemy to terrorize the inhabitants but without avail. On the third day of this memorable siege, a general assault was made by the Achinese in which the indomitable courage of the Portuguese and their Malay troops won the victory.

" Ala'u'd-din Riayat Shah " see­ing that, after three days of furi­ous fighting, he had not gained a foot of ground, gave up all hope and, with great secrecy re-embark­ed his troops. Before leaving, he set fire to some of his vessels which were not required owing to some 4000 of his men being slain. During the siege, his eldest son, the ruler of A r u , lost his life.

Immediately after the departure of the Achinese, the K ing of Johore, Muzaffar Shah, arrived to assist the Portuguese with whom he was then on friendly terms. For a long distance he found the sea covered with the dead bodies of the enemy.

" This was esteemed one of the most desperate and honourable sieges the Portuguese experienced in India, their whole force consist­ing of but 1500 men of whom no more than 200 were Europeans "

PANORAMIC VIEW OF UPEH OR TRAXQL'ERAH TAKEN I ROM ST. PAUL'S HILL.

(Marsden: History of Sumatra, p. 430) and " it is difficult to deter­mine which of the two is the more astonishing: the vigorous stand made by such a handful of men, as the whole strength of Malacca consisted of; or of the prodigious resources and perseverance of the Achinese monarch." (do, I.e. p. 431).

Dom Leonis Pereira distributed money and jewels to the value of 15,000 crowns amongst all those who had distinguished themselves in the defence of the city.

In the following year, a Malac­ca ship met and captured in the Straits an Achinese vessel bound for Java with an embassy to raise a new enemy against the Portu­guese.

. About that time, in 1569, oc­curred one of the most valiant deeds in Portuguese annals. Cruising off Acheh, Lopes Caras-co fell in with a fleet of 20 large galleys and 180 other ships sup­posed to be for use against Malac­ca. They .were commanded by the Sultan of Acheh in person. Ca-rasco, with his single boat, could not expect to escape: so he re­solved to sell his life dearly. For three days, Carasco and the Achinese fought without mercy, only parting at night. Forty of his enemy's vessels were either sunk or disable.d, but Carasco's ship was so completely shattered that little of her remained above the water-line a*nd all her rigging had been torn to pieces. Luckily a Portuguese vessel came in sight and trfe Achinese. taking to flight, left Carasco on his wreck, master of the situation.

This combat of a single Portu­guese ship against her whole fleet taught Acheh the distasteful les­son that she alone had no more power to destroy the Lusitanians in the Archipelago than hajd the princes of India.

In 1570, reinforcements having ^ reached Goa, Luis de Mello da

Silva went to Malacca and from there set out with 14 sail in qu£st of the Achinese fleet. Off Acheh he met 60 well-manned ships armed with large cannon, and under the command of the Sul­tan's son. De Mello completely destroyed this fleet, capturing three galleys with six small ships and sending the rest, but one, to the bottom. The Sultan's son and heir was killed with 1200 of his men, and 300 others were made prisoners. On the Portuguese side, not a single man was lost.

On 28th September 1571, "Ala'u'd'dln Riayat Shah" died. He had failed in his attacks on Malacca. He had also attacked the Batak to convert them to Islam and had conquered Aru though Johor forced him to evacuate it: but in 1564, he revenged himself on Johor carrying the Sultan as a prisoner to Acheh.

In the middle of October, 1571, Antonio Moniz Barreto (25) being captain of the Fortress, the forces of the new ruler, Husain, styled Sultan " A l i Riayat Shah" arrived before 'Malacca, a fleet of about 100 sail carrying 7000 men. On the verv night of arrival they landed at Iller (26) (Banda-Hilir) which was set on fire; a violent downpour of rain providentially hindered the total destruction of this suburb. Afterwards, the Achinese attempted to burn the Portuguese ships at anchor off Ilha das Naos (Pulo Jawa), (27) but failed. They then decided to besiege the city which was in a sorry plight, its garrison much re­duced from sickness and famine. Everything was gloomy, hopeless, as the enemv continually battered the walls and cut off all communi­cations from without. Soon the garrison and the inhabitants were reduced to great misery. At this crisis, Tristao Vas da Veiga. W»> then on his way to Sunda with a

(Contd: on page 7.)

(21) Dom Francisco Barreto; Gover­nor of India: 1555—1558; Captain Gover­nor or Governor of Monomotapa (Africa) in 1559; died the same year.

(22) Dom Constantino de Braganca, 7th Viceroy of India: 15*8—1561.

(23) Very likely the inhabitants pot sight of the Achenese fleet onlv when it came round Ilha das Pedras (the actual Pulo Upeh) which at that time formed the extreme point of a cape. According

to D. F. A. Hervey (Joum S.B.R.A.S. No. 53, 1909, pp. 111—115), " when Albuquerque took Malacca, it was.a har­bour with deep water and a fine sandy bay extending in a curve from the river mouth eastward? to the rocky eminence, called Pulo Upeh. . . . In the time of Valentyn (1726), the sea had already worn a way through the sandy shore and turned the western end of Upeh into an island.... From the time of the open­

ing of <his channel dates, no doubt, the silting which has spoilt the harbour of Malacca "—" The oldest resident in the place states that his father remembered when Pulo Upeh....was only a pistol-shot from the shore. . . . It is also known that land which were leased out by Government in that neighbourhood not very many years ago has disappeared pltogether owing to the encroachment of the sea."

(24) The Jesuits on St. Paul s Hill. (25) Antonio Moniz Barreto, ^ o x e r

nor of Malacca: 1571—1573 and Governor of India: 1573—1576. ,

(26) Her. a small village of fisher men was then without defensive won^

(21) Then known as Pulo Malacca and Ilha das Naos (Ship's Island*-

(28) Tristao Vas da Veiga. Governor of Sunda. succeeded Moniz Barreto y Captain of Malacca: 1678—1576.

M A L A Y A C A T H O L I C L E A D E R , S A T U R D A Y , M A Y 18th, 1935.

Portuguese Malacca and Acheh. (Continued from page 6.)

ship, put into the port. Acqui­escing in the entreaties of the be­sieged, he took in hand the command of the Malacca fleet which numbered only 10 ships, of which 9 were almost rotten ^and had no r igging; as for their crews

300 men—they were as naked as they were hungry. Everything was as bad as possible and Tris­tao Vas acknowledged that there could be no hope except in the Almighty. So he told his men to make their confession and prepare for death.

At the end of November, having prepared his fleet. Tristao Vas da Veiga set out and found the ene­my in the Rio Fermoso (Batu Pahat River) . He immediately charged and boarded the Admi­ral's ship, killed a number of her crew and hauled down her flag. "Meanwhile, Fertaao Peres, with only 13 men in a small vessel cap­tured one of the enemy's galleys: Fernao de Lemos sank another* of their ships, and Francisco de Lima, having also captured one, burnt it and then returned to the attack. Manoel Pereira who was in da Veiga's ship—the latter having taken the command of a Malacca galliot,—sank three other vessels and captured several with great slaughter. The remainder of the enemy's fleet, then, fled after losing 700 men" (Danvers, I.e. Vol. II). In this engagement the Portuguese lost only five men. For three days da Veiga remained at the mouth of the Rio Fermoso, waiting for the Achinese; but as They dared not come out, he re­turned to Malacca.

Malacca In Danger. In 1573, Antonio Moniz Barre­

to having been appointed Gover­nor of Portuguese India left for Goa. He had scarcely assumed the reins of government (9th September) when news came that Malacca was again in danger. Acheh was besieging the town, this time, with the co-operation of the queen of Japara (29) (in Java). Barreto ordered Dom Leo­nis Pereira/the hero of the siege of 1567, to proceed there imme­diately. But Pereira, who knew the fort to be in a very bad con-

(29) Japara—now Batavia founded by the Governor Jan Goen upon the ruins of Jaeatra in 1621. Became the headquarters of the Eastern Dutch colonies in 1519.

dition, refused to take charge of its defence unless he were given reinforcements and ammunition. On the refusal of the Viceroy to give him assistance, instead of going to Malacca, Dom Leonis sailed to Lisbon.

Meanwhile, Tristao Vas da Vei ­ga, whose captaincy at Sunda had just ended, arrived at Malacca, and by common Consent of the Council, was appointed Governor of the Fortress in succession to Dom Francisco Anriques who had recentlv died. His first act was to apply to the Viceroy for aid. Dom Antonio contented himself with encouraging the neighbour­ing Fortresses to assist da Veiga, promising to pay liberally for any help they might render. In that way, Malacca received an auxiliary force sufficient to make crood its defence. Moreover, on the request of Dom Antonio and on his offering has son, Duarte Moniz, a boy of eight years of age, as security, the Goa Municipality made a loan of 20,000 pardaos in order to fit out a relief fleet, and took charge of the security.

The Javanese General, Quiada-man. in the meantime, had begun hostilities (1574), attacking first Iller (Banda Hi l i r ) . Dom Anto­nio de Castro went to the rescue of the suburb with only ten men and was killed. After this skir­mish, Quiadaman encompassed the city with 15,000 of his best troops. In a sally, Joao Pereira and Mar-tim Pereira dislodged the enemy from one of his positions, killing 70 of them, levelling their earth­works and capturing 7 pieces of cannon. Next, they set fire to 30 of the enemy's galleons and to some war-engines which had been erected to attack one of the bas­tions while, on the river side, Fernao Peres de Andrade and Bernardim da Silva destroyed the palisades. In all these hand to hand fights the, Portuguese lost only from 15 to 20 men killed. Then Pereira attended to the be­sieging fleet. Pushing as far as Johore, he seized the provisions which were on their way to the enemy. Utterly demoralized by these successive blows, the enemy embarking, attempted to escape at night, Pereira overtook them from the rear and defeated them with great slaughter.

According to Marsden (I.e., p. 431), the terrible queen of Ja-

— Cut here. ————

para came again in the following year and invested Malacca with 300 V sail, 80 of which were junks of 400 tons burthen. After besieg­ing the place for three months, t i l l the very air became corrupt­ed by their stay, the fleet retired with little more than 5,000 men of the 15,000 that embarked on the expedition.

Very likely these two relentless foes of the Portuguese had agreed to molest the unfortunate citv by turns so that when one of them had retired to refit his fleet, the other, almost immediately, took his place.

Therefore, in the beginning of February 1575, the Achinese set sail for Malacca with 40 galleys and some other smaller ships and galliots to the number of 100, pro­vided with a great quantity of ar­tillery. Just at that time, Tristao Vas da Veiga was expecting re-yictualling ships, for the city was in great need of provisions. Therefore he had ordered Pereira in a galley, Bernardim da Silva in a caravel and Fernao Pallares in a ship, each with 40 men, to convoy and bring in these vessels. No sooner did they attempt to leave the port than the enemy pounced upon them and speedily sent their ships to the bottom. The three captains and 70 of their crews were either killed or drowned, 45 were taken prisoners but 5 escaped by swimming. 'Th i s was a dread­ful blow to Malacca and lamented, as the historian relates, with tears of blood by the little garrison who were not now above an hundred and fifty men, and of those a great part not effective;" " (Marsden, I.e., p. 431) two thirds were sick and aged. Moreover, lack of am­munition prevented the Portu­guese from replying to the ene­my's fire which battered the fort at intervals during seventeen day:;. Tristao Vas da Veiga, in­deed, intended to reserve his small stock of powder for an effort at the last extremity. This inacti­vity from their opponent, at first, startled the besiegers. Then, th^v became suspicious, imagin­ing ' that the Governor ..had some deep stratagem in hand* Seized with panic, they raised the siege when they might have taken the town without a blow, and retired without having inflicted any se­rious damage on the place. The siege had lasted a little less than one month. On that occasion. Malacca owed her preservation not only to the intrepidity but also to the patriotic generosity of the

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Governor who spent more than 20,000 ducats of his own money in the provision of arms and am­munition.

As soon as his fleet was back in Acheh, " A l i Riayat Shah" glutted his rage at his failure by massac­ring all the Portuguese who were in the town, amongst them: Andre Coutinho, Gaspar Carvalho, Antonio (or Francisco) Correia, Bernardino da Silva, Joao de Matos, Antonio Vas, Antonio V a -lente, Sebastiao Goncalves, Nuno Leite, Manoel Fernandez, Jorge de Andrade, Gaspar Carneiro and Joao Leao (C. C. de Nazareth, I.e., p. 295).

About that time, things were going from bad to worse, especial­ly in the Government of Malacca. The Portuguese domination in the Moluccas was near its end; (30) the squadron which had been des­patched to relieve the fort besieg­ed by the K i n g of Ternate was lost, nobody could say where; the King of Ujongtana (Johor) had. once more, changed sides to join the enemies of Malacca, and there was something like a general un­derstanding on the part of the native powers in India to join in one effort to rid themselves of the Portuguese yoke. And when, in 1578 and 1582, the news reached India of Dom Sebastian's death at Alcacer Kebir (Morocco) ; of the reunion of the Crown of Portugal to that of Spain, with Philip II as sovereign of the two Kingdoms, everyone foresaw that new trou­bles would arise in the Portuguese Empire.

(30) The last Commanders, one and all, had looked to their own*private in­terests rather than those of Portugal and the King of the Island had turned their most bitter foe.

E R R A T A .

In the 1st Instalment of the article encaptioned 1 Portuguese Malacca and Acheh/ in our last number some lines were transposed by error. The 19th line in column 3 pg. 6 should run on with the 11th line in col. 4 of the same page, and a few lines have to be interchanged from both these columns to make correct reading.

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A SYMBOL If is difficult to express the reverent love we feel for those who arc gone. A funeral here and a Symbol of remembrance aid and

comfort the bereaved.

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8 M A L A Y A C A T H O L I C L E A D E R , S A T U R D A Y , M A Y 18th, 1935.

Woman's Page H E A R T OF T H E HOME.

The woman is the Builder, the Foundation, the Li fe and the Heart of the true home, and it is on her the church toaay depends to beat back hell and its human agents, and to foster godliness and purity of heart. Wise men of the world perceive the evil and have pointed out the remedy. They appeal to Women.

Forming a home, the Catholic woman snares a sacnncial love—a love that gives, renounces and sacrifices—the only true love. She fuses her life wi th a partner who likewise loves and gives. She co­operates with the creative act of the God of life. She sees life ex­pand around her, and realizes that the love that means reverence for a divine institution alone, brings that peace, order, stability, holi­ness and fortitude which consti­tutes the treasure of the Home. From Mary, Mothers can seek for fruit. Upon her merits and res­plendent example, they can count for energy and divine aid.

The word, look, gesture in private or public, on stage, screen or printed page which defiles the beauty of home, should at once arouse the indignant protest of every Catholic mother. Consci­ousness of the ideal wi l l temper and control each woman's affec­tions.

If the woman is to be the Heant of the Home, she must needs be a Valiant Woman—the valiant woman of the husband and the pride of . her household; broad-minded and modern as befits he* station i n all things that matter little, but adamant, inflexible on the essential narrow path of Catho? lie truth and woman's dignity; by her life a living protest against, the looseness of modern thought and action in the first things of lifej a bulwark against the selfish modern doctrine of a home with­out a cradle. Such is the grand calling of the Catholic woman in the world of to-day. The appeal on behalf of womanhood, home and purity for the cleansing of the world, must find its best and most ardent champions within the Folds of our Holy Church.

A pious mother was onee teach­ing her little boy of four years to make the sign of the Cross. She led his hand to his forehead, breast and shoulders, whilst she had him to repeat the words: In the- name of the Father, and of the Son and of the Holy Ghost. Amen. A l l at once the boy wonderingly asked: "Mama, where is the mother?" He thought she was forgetting something, for he instinctively felt, i f the mother was missing, the group would be incomplete.

Spiritually Our Lord wants us all to be as children, and children need a mother to lead them on, and to raise them up when they fall. Jesus has given us such a Mother. Her heart is literally melting with tenderness and compassion for us. During this—Our Lady's ' own month*—the month of May, all have a special claim on Mary, but Mothers have a twofold claim. Our Divine Lord wished to impress upon mankind the importance of

the role the mother takes, and. by His own example inculcated re­verence and appreciation for motherhood and womanhood. He elevated woman to the highest possible dignity, and it remains with woman to remain on these heights, and from her elevated dignity to influence her family and home, by being ever the Builder, the Foundation, the Life and the Heart of the family circle and making the Home so attractive that family life becomes a fore­taste of heaven.

The Ideal Christian Woman. " Oh! for some voice brave

enough and strong enough to reach the multitude of ears now closed by vanity, frivolity and heedlessness, and preach to them the old evangel, which -tells how a woman's chief jewels are purity, tenderness and t ruth; how she should be gentle and yet strong, gracious in her courtesy, consi­derate in her kindness, and firm in her constancy."

Christian Reid.

T H E C A R E OF T H E E Y E S . When in perfect health, the

whites of the eyes should be a clear bluish-white; any sign of redness or a yellowish tinge indi­cates that something is wrong. Redness shows that the eye is suffering from a slight cold or strain. Give the eyes a bathe. Add to a cupful of water that has been boiled a few boracic crystals, use when it is the right temper­ature—blood-heat. Do not have the solution too strong at first; i f the eyes smart too much, add more water, but always blood-heat, as water too hot or extremely cold is unsuitable for bathing the eyes. To remove a yellowish tinge from the eyes, drink a glass of hot water to which has been added the juice of a lemon. Tired and heavy eyes may be bathed with eau-de-Cologne and water. In all treat­ment with bandages and pads, medicated cotton-wool and butter muslin are the most hygienic materials to use, since they can be thrown away. Sponges should never be used unless they are al­most certain to bediscarded after­wards.

Styes and red rims on the eyes are caused, as a rule, by straining the sight, and weakening the eyes. They frequently occur i f the vitality is low. Tone up the system by a good tonic and purchase a good ointment from a chemist. A stye is a small abscess which forms at the root of an eyelash; it should be treated by pulling out the eyelash involved and bathing the eye frequently with a solution of hot water and salt. Chronic inflammation, how­ever, requires the immediate advice of a qualified optician.

The beauty of the eye can be greatly enhanced by perfect eye­lashes. They should be as dark or a shade or two darker than the hair. The eye that is fringed by long lashes is very attractive. To make eyelashes grow, lubricate them with pureolive oil or melted vaseline. Apply the oil with a fine cAmel-hair brush to be kept for the purpose, and when this is

Mothers should remember that

growing children need .milk-every

day:

for preference

<4 MILKMAID", MILK 1

being done turn them up or down as the case may be. They will gradually grow in the way they are trained. Obtain an eyelash cream i f the lashes are weak or falling out. When the eyebrows are well marked they add a great addition to feminine beauty, and by a little attention daily much can be done to improve them. If they are too thin, apply nightly a little pure vassline or cocoa-butter. This can be applied by a small brow-brush, which is like a small or miniature tooth-brush, and can be used to advantage when there is a tendency of the eyebrows being too thick. Some eyebrows have a ten­dency to meet over the nose. If hairs to any appreciable thick­ness appear in that position it re­quires a little fortitude and a pair of small tweezers. Firs t wet the eyebrows with soap and water to soften the skin and the hairs, then stand in a good light before a looking-glass and take hold of each hair firmly with the tweezers. Pul l the hairs in the direction of the growth and they should come out easily, without breaking. If they break, attempt to remove the remainder of the hair, or leave it to grow again, then remove.

Exercising the eyes helps the vision. Try the following exercise each morning: Hold the head erect and stand before a window. Eyes to the right, eyes to the left, eyes up, eyes down, changing each direction slowly. Some eye speci­alists advise blinking and winking exercises, but these are liable to cause bagginess and wrinkles under the eyes. If these simple exercises are carried out twice a week, a great improvement will be felt, as on the outer side of the orbit is a small gland called the lachrymal gland. This gland, which is like a simple salivary gland in structure, secretes a watery fluid, which when excessive escapes as tears. In addition to the lachrymal secretion, which keeps the eyeball clean and moist, there is also a thicker fluid formed by small glands situated in the eyelids; these fluids act as lubri­cants and are therefore kept in motion with simple exercising. If the greater part of the day is spent indoors, try and spend a few hours every week out of doors looking at beautiful green fields and immov­able objects. The motorist who finds that constantly looking at moving objects tires his eyes will find that sleep, or reading a good book with the light reflecting on the print, is very useful.

(Contd: on next Col.)

Recipes. Irish Stew.

1/2 R>- n e cfc of mutton. IV2 lb. of potatoes. 2 or 3 onjoris, sliced. Salt, pepper, and water. Cut meat in nice pieces, put in

pan, cover with potatoes cut in small pieces, then a layer of oni­ons, filling up t i l l all ingredients are usecl. Add */2 pint of water. Simmer 2-3 hours.

N .B :—Cold mutton is nice used in this way, with gravy or stock instead of water. Carrots are also an im­provement.

Kidneys (Stewed) 4 sheep kidneys. 14 small onion. 1 oz. butter. 3 teaspoonfuls flour. Pepper and salt. Cut kidneys in small pieces, roll

in flour, chop onion fine; fry all together in butter until brown, add pepper and salt, and enough cold water to cover them; stew gently for 1 hour. Thicken the gravy a few minutes before serv­ing.

Lancashire Hot-Pot. F i l l a deep dish alternately with

potatoes, fresh mutton or pork, and a little onion, all cut in small pieces, pepper and salt to taste; cover with water, then with an old plate. Bake in oven 3-4 hours according to the size. May be covered with a crust a short time before serving. Wrap dish in serviette,, and serve very hot. Kidneys, mushrooms, or oysters and sliced carrot may be added.

Butterscotch (cheap) 1 lb. brown sugar. 1 pint water. V4, lb. butter. Boil all together t i l l i t will set

in water; pour on to a buttered dish. Cut in squares whilst half cold so that it wil l easily break afterwards.

When eyes are sore or feel strained, give them an eyewash in a solution of salt and water, a teaspoonful of salt in a quart of water. Cold water is in itself a good eyewash, and when you have finished washing yourself dash cold water into your face and eyes.

PL. B. ALWIS i GOLDSMITH & JEWELLER. For Exquisite Taste & Design. A VISIT WILL CONVINCE YOU.

195, Middle Road, Singapore

M A L A Y A CATHOLIC L E A D E R , S A T U R D A Y , M A Y 18th, 1935. 9

P r e s s G l e a n i n g s

" By A i r Mail

Catholic Progress In Ceylon.

The Church is making head­way in Ceylon. A number of priests from "the pearl of the Indies" are studying at our Uni ­versities for the degrees which the Government desires the holders of more important educational posts to possess.

The Catholic colleges do well in the civil examination; in fact they outdistance all competitors, and are determined not to relinquish pride of place. They accept any challenge readily, and their spirit is excellent.

National feeling runs high in the island, and has proved an almost insuperable barrier to the Protest­ant evangelist, who represents a purely national and foreign creed to the average Cingalese.

The people have a natural sym­pathy with Catholic piety and asceticism, and it is felt that there will be no lack of vocations for the austere contemplative life. It im­presses because of its very fulness of surrender.

At present F r . Thomas' most urgent need is for two establish­ments, one for monks and one for sisters, and many English Catho­lics will be glad to help him.

English Saints. A Mr. J . P. Bacon Philips, whose

letter has appeared in several newspapers which have reached us from all parts of the country, has written to the Press, in connection with the canonisation of B B . John Fisher and Thomas More, on the subject of English Saints.

He believes, in spite of "The Prig's" gently humorous essay on the subject, that the Church of England will shortly honour her chosen sons and daughters with canonisation, but he makes two amusing historical blunders.

Among the possible Anglican candidates he includes "Father Damien, General Gordon, Sister Dora, and Bishop Hannington; whilst of Blessed Thomas More he says: "It is worthy of note that some of his greatest friends were dignitaries of the Anglican Church —the Dean of St. Paul's, etc., etc."

Poor Dean Colet! Being so long dead, he will perhaps not see the joke of being made a Protestant quite so readily as Father Damien. Dean Colet died before England went Protestant, but Father Da-mien's peculiar privilege was that he, though a Catholic, was so ably vindicated by the non-Catholic author, R. L . Stevenson. He will enjoy the joke.

* * * *

Anent The Same. A few more words may well be

quoted from M r . Phillips' letter to good purpose. " It is possible," he says, "that had Sir Thomas More lived in our time, he might have been a loyal member of the Church of England."

The martyr died because he would not consent to an oath, suffi­ciently ambiguous in text and con­text to deceive the vast majority of the clergy, as well as the entire hierarchy, but designed to cover the King's plans to make himself Pope over the English portion of the Catholic Church.

Blessed Thomas detected the King's schismatical designs, and died resisting them. Yet we are asked to believe that he would not have detected the many gross heresies which were incorporated into Elizabeth's foundation, or, i f he had would have consented to them! And that in spite of the books he wrote against Tyndale's and Luther's errors!

Anglicanism is not guilty of the deaths of Fisher and More and the Carthusians, because Anglicanism did not exist at that time. They were martyred by a schismatical Catholic King. Anglicanism really dates only from Queen Elizabeth's accession.

* * * *

The B.B.C.'s Refusal. The B.B.C.'s unexplained refusal

to relay the broadcast of the cano­nisation is probably due to the same ignorance of history as afflicts Mr. Phillips. There can be no conceivable reason for the re­fusal to relay except that it might offend Protestants.

But why should it offend them? They had nothing to do with any martyrdoms until the reign of Elizabeth* A l l the martyrs under Henry VIII, as we have explained in a previous paragraph, are victims of a bad Catholic monarch. Modern Anglicanism derives from Queen Elizabeth.

When the canonisation of Eliza­beth's victims occurs it will be ex­cusable if Protestants, and parti­cularly Anglicans — whose very Bishops hounded many of them to death—are not overjoyed at the ceremony, but there is no reason why they should feel the slightest shame over this canonisation.

Even those to whom Erastianism is a sacred principle would*admit that Henry showed himself an un­redeemed cur w e n he allowed his tutor and his friend to be executed for opposing him on conscience grounds.

* * * *

Trouble In Edinburgh. We most warmly commend the

courage and civic sense of Sir William J. Thomson, the Lord Pro­vost of Edinburgh, contained in his stern warning to Councillor John Cormack (without the Mc) of the boisterous Protestant Action Soci­ety.

From reports in the Scottish newspapers it is clear that he was indulging in language which justi­fied the Lord Provost's warning, that the authorities would not hesitate to use all the powers at their disposal to quell trouble and to bring the trouble-makers to justice.

The event showed that the authorities were wise in adhering to their decision to grant a civic welcome to the Catholic Young Men's Society, and to ensure that " the possibility that damage might be done to property, and indivi­duals injured" remained a mer e

possibility, in spite of the Protes­tant Action Society and any other bigots and fanatics.

There are lawful means of pro­testing, and of making the protest effective, but when it comes to hints and suggestions, which imply readiness to use violent methods it is time for authority to act.

(Continued on page 12)

M A L A Y A ' S H E A L T H

F O O D

For health, sleep ana

bright awakening

Cadbury's

ibohjirn-wbTa

"l(s better jor you MA AS—1 A.

8 M A L A Y A C A T H O L I C L E A D E R , S A T U R D A Y , M A Y 18th, 1935.

Woman's Page H E A R T OF T H E HOME.

The woman is the Builder, the Foundation, the Li fe and the Heart of the true home, and it is on her the church toaay depends to beat back hell and its human agents, and to foster godliness and purity of heart. Wise men of the world perceive the evil and have pointed out the remedy. They appeal to Women.

Forming a home, the Catholic woman snares a sacnncial love—a love that gives, renounces and sacrifices—the only true love. She fuses her life wi th a partner who likewise loves and gives. She co­operates with the creative act of the God of life. She sees life ex­pand around her, and realizes that the love that means reverence for a divine institution alone, brings that peace, order, stability, holi­ness and fortitude which consti­tutes the treasure of the Home. From Mary, Mothers can seek for fruit. Upon her merits and res­plendent example, they can count for energy and divine aid.

The word, look, gesture in private or public, on stage, screen or printed page which defiles the beauty of home, should at once arouse the indignant protest of every Catholic mother. Consci­ousness of the ideal wi l l temper and control each woman's affec­tions.

If the woman is to be the Heant of the Home, she must needs be a Valiant Woman—the valiant woman of the husband and the pride of . her household; broad-minded and modern as befits he* station i n all things that matter little, but adamant, inflexible on the essential narrow path of Catho? lie truth and woman's dignity; by her life a living protest against, the looseness of modern thought and action in the first things of lifej a bulwark against the selfish modern doctrine of a home with­out a cradle. Such is the grand calling of the Catholic woman in the world of to-day. The appeal on behalf of womanhood, home and purity for the cleansing of the world, must find its best and most ardent champions within the Folds of our Holy Church.

A pious mother was onee teach­ing her little boy of four years to make the sign of the Cross. She led his hand to his forehead, breast and shoulders, whilst she had him to repeat the words: In the- name of the Father, and of the Son and of the Holy Ghost. Amen. A l l at once the boy wonderingly asked: "Mama, where is the mother?" He thought she was forgetting something, for he instinctively felt, i f the mother was missing, the group would be incomplete.

Spiritually Our Lord wants us all to be as children, and children need a mother to lead them on, and to raise them up when they fall. Jesus has given us such a Mother. Her heart is literally melting with tenderness and compassion for us. During this—Our Lady's ' own month*—the month of May, all have a special claim on Mary, but Mothers have a twofold claim. Our Divine Lord wished to impress upon mankind the importance of

the role the mother takes, and. by His own example inculcated re­verence and appreciation for motherhood and womanhood. He elevated woman to the highest possible dignity, and it remains with woman to remain on these heights, and from her elevated dignity to influence her family and home, by being ever the Builder, the Foundation, the Life and the Heart of the family circle and making the Home so attractive that family life becomes a fore­taste of heaven.

The Ideal Christian Woman. " Oh! for some voice brave

enough and strong enough to reach the multitude of ears now closed by vanity, frivolity and heedlessness, and preach to them the old evangel, which -tells how a woman's chief jewels are purity, tenderness and t ruth; how she should be gentle and yet strong, gracious in her courtesy, consi­derate in her kindness, and firm in her constancy."

Christian Reid.

T H E C A R E OF T H E E Y E S . When in perfect health, the

whites of the eyes should be a clear bluish-white; any sign of redness or a yellowish tinge indi­cates that something is wrong. Redness shows that the eye is suffering from a slight cold or strain. Give the eyes a bathe. Add to a cupful of water that has been boiled a few boracic crystals, use when it is the right temper­ature—blood-heat. Do not have the solution too strong at first; i f the eyes smart too much, add more water, but always blood-heat, as water too hot or extremely cold is unsuitable for bathing the eyes. To remove a yellowish tinge from the eyes, drink a glass of hot water to which has been added the juice of a lemon. Tired and heavy eyes may be bathed with eau-de-Cologne and water. In all treat­ment with bandages and pads, medicated cotton-wool and butter muslin are the most hygienic materials to use, since they can be thrown away. Sponges should never be used unless they are al­most certain to bediscarded after­wards.

Styes and red rims on the eyes are caused, as a rule, by straining the sight, and weakening the eyes. They frequently occur i f the vitality is low. Tone up the system by a good tonic and purchase a good ointment from a chemist. A stye is a small abscess which forms at the root of an eyelash; it should be treated by pulling out the eyelash involved and bathing the eye frequently with a solution of hot water and salt. Chronic inflammation, how­ever, requires the immediate advice of a qualified optician.

The beauty of the eye can be greatly enhanced by perfect eye­lashes. They should be as dark or a shade or two darker than the hair. The eye that is fringed by long lashes is very attractive. To make eyelashes grow, lubricate them with pureolive oil or melted vaseline. Apply the oil with a fine cAmel-hair brush to be kept for the purpose, and when this is

Mothers should remember that

growing children need .milk-every

day:

for preference

<4 MILKMAID", MILK 1

being done turn them up or down as the case may be. They will gradually grow in the way they are trained. Obtain an eyelash cream i f the lashes are weak or falling out. When the eyebrows are well marked they add a great addition to feminine beauty, and by a little attention daily much can be done to improve them. If they are too thin, apply nightly a little pure vassline or cocoa-butter. This can be applied by a small brow-brush, which is like a small or miniature tooth-brush, and can be used to advantage when there is a tendency of the eyebrows being too thick. Some eyebrows have a ten­dency to meet over the nose. If hairs to any appreciable thick­ness appear in that position it re­quires a little fortitude and a pair of small tweezers. Firs t wet the eyebrows with soap and water to soften the skin and the hairs, then stand in a good light before a looking-glass and take hold of each hair firmly with the tweezers. Pul l the hairs in the direction of the growth and they should come out easily, without breaking. If they break, attempt to remove the remainder of the hair, or leave it to grow again, then remove.

Exercising the eyes helps the vision. Try the following exercise each morning: Hold the head erect and stand before a window. Eyes to the right, eyes to the left, eyes up, eyes down, changing each direction slowly. Some eye speci­alists advise blinking and winking exercises, but these are liable to cause bagginess and wrinkles under the eyes. If these simple exercises are carried out twice a week, a great improvement will be felt, as on the outer side of the orbit is a small gland called the lachrymal gland. This gland, which is like a simple salivary gland in structure, secretes a watery fluid, which when excessive escapes as tears. In addition to the lachrymal secretion, which keeps the eyeball clean and moist, there is also a thicker fluid formed by small glands situated in the eyelids; these fluids act as lubri­cants and are therefore kept in motion with simple exercising. If the greater part of the day is spent indoors, try and spend a few hours every week out of doors looking at beautiful green fields and immov­able objects. The motorist who finds that constantly looking at moving objects tires his eyes will find that sleep, or reading a good book with the light reflecting on the print, is very useful.

(Contd: on next Col.)

Recipes. Irish Stew.

1/2 R>- n e cfc of mutton. IV2 lb. of potatoes. 2 or 3 onjoris, sliced. Salt, pepper, and water. Cut meat in nice pieces, put in

pan, cover with potatoes cut in small pieces, then a layer of oni­ons, filling up t i l l all ingredients are usecl. Add */2 pint of water. Simmer 2-3 hours.

N .B :—Cold mutton is nice used in this way, with gravy or stock instead of water. Carrots are also an im­provement.

Kidneys (Stewed) 4 sheep kidneys. 14 small onion. 1 oz. butter. 3 teaspoonfuls flour. Pepper and salt. Cut kidneys in small pieces, roll

in flour, chop onion fine; fry all together in butter until brown, add pepper and salt, and enough cold water to cover them; stew gently for 1 hour. Thicken the gravy a few minutes before serv­ing.

Lancashire Hot-Pot. F i l l a deep dish alternately with

potatoes, fresh mutton or pork, and a little onion, all cut in small pieces, pepper and salt to taste; cover with water, then with an old plate. Bake in oven 3-4 hours according to the size. May be covered with a crust a short time before serving. Wrap dish in serviette,, and serve very hot. Kidneys, mushrooms, or oysters and sliced carrot may be added.

Butterscotch (cheap) 1 lb. brown sugar. 1 pint water. V4, lb. butter. Boil all together t i l l i t will set

in water; pour on to a buttered dish. Cut in squares whilst half cold so that it wil l easily break afterwards.

When eyes are sore or feel strained, give them an eyewash in a solution of salt and water, a teaspoonful of salt in a quart of water. Cold water is in itself a good eyewash, and when you have finished washing yourself dash cold water into your face and eyes.

PL. B. ALWIS i GOLDSMITH & JEWELLER. For Exquisite Taste & Design. A VISIT WILL CONVINCE YOU.

195, Middle Road, Singapore

M A L A Y A CATHOLIC L E A D E R , S A T U R D A Y , M A Y 18th, 1935. 9

P r e s s G l e a n i n g s

" By A i r Mail

Catholic Progress In Ceylon.

The Church is making head­way in Ceylon. A number of priests from "the pearl of the Indies" are studying at our Uni ­versities for the degrees which the Government desires the holders of more important educational posts to possess.

The Catholic colleges do well in the civil examination; in fact they outdistance all competitors, and are determined not to relinquish pride of place. They accept any challenge readily, and their spirit is excellent.

National feeling runs high in the island, and has proved an almost insuperable barrier to the Protest­ant evangelist, who represents a purely national and foreign creed to the average Cingalese.

The people have a natural sym­pathy with Catholic piety and asceticism, and it is felt that there will be no lack of vocations for the austere contemplative life. It im­presses because of its very fulness of surrender.

At present F r . Thomas' most urgent need is for two establish­ments, one for monks and one for sisters, and many English Catho­lics will be glad to help him.

English Saints. A Mr. J . P. Bacon Philips, whose

letter has appeared in several newspapers which have reached us from all parts of the country, has written to the Press, in connection with the canonisation of B B . John Fisher and Thomas More, on the subject of English Saints.

He believes, in spite of "The Prig's" gently humorous essay on the subject, that the Church of England will shortly honour her chosen sons and daughters with canonisation, but he makes two amusing historical blunders.

Among the possible Anglican candidates he includes "Father Damien, General Gordon, Sister Dora, and Bishop Hannington; whilst of Blessed Thomas More he says: "It is worthy of note that some of his greatest friends were dignitaries of the Anglican Church —the Dean of St. Paul's, etc., etc."

Poor Dean Colet! Being so long dead, he will perhaps not see the joke of being made a Protestant quite so readily as Father Damien. Dean Colet died before England went Protestant, but Father Da-mien's peculiar privilege was that he, though a Catholic, was so ably vindicated by the non-Catholic author, R. L . Stevenson. He will enjoy the joke.

* * * *

Anent The Same. A few more words may well be

quoted from M r . Phillips' letter to good purpose. " It is possible," he says, "that had Sir Thomas More lived in our time, he might have been a loyal member of the Church of England."

The martyr died because he would not consent to an oath, suffi­ciently ambiguous in text and con­text to deceive the vast majority of the clergy, as well as the entire hierarchy, but designed to cover the King's plans to make himself Pope over the English portion of the Catholic Church.

Blessed Thomas detected the King's schismatical designs, and died resisting them. Yet we are asked to believe that he would not have detected the many gross heresies which were incorporated into Elizabeth's foundation, or, i f he had would have consented to them! And that in spite of the books he wrote against Tyndale's and Luther's errors!

Anglicanism is not guilty of the deaths of Fisher and More and the Carthusians, because Anglicanism did not exist at that time. They were martyred by a schismatical Catholic King. Anglicanism really dates only from Queen Elizabeth's accession.

* * * *

The B.B.C.'s Refusal. The B.B.C.'s unexplained refusal

to relay the broadcast of the cano­nisation is probably due to the same ignorance of history as afflicts Mr. Phillips. There can be no conceivable reason for the re­fusal to relay except that it might offend Protestants.

But why should it offend them? They had nothing to do with any martyrdoms until the reign of Elizabeth* A l l the martyrs under Henry VIII, as we have explained in a previous paragraph, are victims of a bad Catholic monarch. Modern Anglicanism derives from Queen Elizabeth.

When the canonisation of Eliza­beth's victims occurs it will be ex­cusable if Protestants, and parti­cularly Anglicans — whose very Bishops hounded many of them to death—are not overjoyed at the ceremony, but there is no reason why they should feel the slightest shame over this canonisation.

Even those to whom Erastianism is a sacred principle would*admit that Henry showed himself an un­redeemed cur w e n he allowed his tutor and his friend to be executed for opposing him on conscience grounds.

* * * *

Trouble In Edinburgh. We most warmly commend the

courage and civic sense of Sir William J. Thomson, the Lord Pro­vost of Edinburgh, contained in his stern warning to Councillor John Cormack (without the Mc) of the boisterous Protestant Action Soci­ety.

From reports in the Scottish newspapers it is clear that he was indulging in language which justi­fied the Lord Provost's warning, that the authorities would not hesitate to use all the powers at their disposal to quell trouble and to bring the trouble-makers to justice.

The event showed that the authorities were wise in adhering to their decision to grant a civic welcome to the Catholic Young Men's Society, and to ensure that " the possibility that damage might be done to property, and indivi­duals injured" remained a mer e

possibility, in spite of the Protes­tant Action Society and any other bigots and fanatics.

There are lawful means of pro­testing, and of making the protest effective, but when it comes to hints and suggestions, which imply readiness to use violent methods it is time for authority to act.

(Continued on page 12)

M A L A Y A ' S H E A L T H

F O O D

For health, sleep ana

bright awakening

Cadbury's

ibohjirn-wbTa

"l(s better jor you MA AS—1 A.

10

R A T E S OF SUBSCRIPTION

Post Free, Local and Aoroad: 12 Months ... $6.00 6 Months ... $3.00 3 Months ... $1.50

All correspondence and literary contributions should be addressed to The Managing Editor, Rev. R. Car don, 73, Bras Basah Road, Singapore.

Tel. 7376, Singapore.

J f t a k g a Cai l txxl i r ^znbzx

SATURDAY, M A Y 18th, 1935.

C A T H O L I C

L I T E R A T U R E .

When speaking of 'Catholic Literature" references based on faulty assumptions are often made by critics and students of literature. Such misleading ob­servations are due to a preposses­sion of inaccuracies that may be set down under the following categories:— (1) That the Catholic Church is

a Christian sect as much as any other.

(2) That Catholic literature is understood merely as " Ro­man Catholic religious litera­ture."

(3) That the scope of literature is narrowed down so as to comprise poetry, drama, fic­tion, literary essays and criti­cisms; all of which are con­veniently termed rbelles let-tres."

(4) That Anglo-American lite­rature of the past three cen­turies is taken to represent a major portion of the Catholic literary field. In attempting to discuss this

very wide subject, we must con­fess our inability to go exhaus­tively into it, nor to make any original comments on it. Before launching on our main subject the reader may well be informed that Catholicism merely stands for authentic, integral Christian­ity which has enjoyed an un­broken life of 193 5 years to date; and the literature of this exten­sive period not only pertains to matters of faith but embraces every aspect of life and thought throughout the Catholic world.

Since the New Testament forms the basis of the Church's teaching, we may conveniently fix it as the starting point of the subject of our discussion. The early ascetical writers and apolo­gists used the two languages of the Graeco-Roman world as the medium of expression of their inspired thoughts. A n aggrega­tion of this type of literary com­positions has been handed down to posterity under the name of 'Patrology'. These works are still extant in every Christian country either in their original forms or in translated and annotated editions. U p to the seventeenth century

learned works both sacred and profane were written in Latin. These works embodied Theology, Philosophy, Church History, Ca­non Law and Biography. Besides Greek and Latin patristic litera­ture, there was a sparse sprinkling of Syriac writings referred to as the works of the "Fathers of the Desert." Among the secular and liturgical works of the Christian Latin Poets, the names of Sidonius ApoHinaris, Prudentius, Venan-tius Fortunatus and St. Prosper of Aquitaine have won an exalted place in the 'Temple of Fame.'

Proceeding to the Middle Ages we see St. Bernard ushering in a new epoch of literature which culminated in the most fruitful and many-sided writings of which St. Thomas Aquinas and Dante are the foremost exponents. This was also the age of 'miracle,' or morality and mystery plays which were destined to be the sources of inspiration for modern sacred drama. It must be observed here that much of this mediaeval lite­rature found its way in transla­tion into every country in Chris­tendom. The peerless products of this phase of literature are the 'Fioretti' o l St. Francis and the Imitation of Christ.

Towards the close of the Middle Ages there was a bloom of na­tional literature in which France stood at the forefront with the exquisite chronicles of Joinville, Froissart and the suave poetical works of Villon. The Renais­sance gave a further 'fillip' to French literature when St. Fran­cis de Sales made an indelible mark by his writings. Taking all in all, Christendom owes a great deal to France in the field of Catholic literature. Her ascetical writers, religious historians and apologists have produced works of high value, and judging them, even at second-hand through me­diums of translation, one cannot but admit that these writings have left a permanent imprint on the sands of time.

In Italy the literature on the whole has been purely Catholic though there have been periods of lapses here and there. Dante's writings alone will form a library in themselves, but Italian litera­ture has many other names to be rightly proud of. We may name here just a few modern writers who are familiar to us through translations. They are Cardinal Capecelatro, Giosue Borsi, Agos-tino Gemelli and Papini. Spanish literature perhaps claims to be the most Catholic in outlook. Among the Spanish writers of note St. Teresa, St John of the Cross, Luis de Leon and Luis of Granada are the most outstanding. Lope de Vega and Calderon stand as a class by themselves in producing reli­gious dramas of high standard.

German literature wras just get­ting into its stride about the time of the Reformation. There ap­pears to be a scientific thorough­ness characterising the works of German writers particularly in

Philosophy, Sociology, Scriptural studies, history and other branches of learning. Of late years Ger­man Catholic literature has pro­duced original thinkers of the stamp of Karl Adam, Hermann Bahr and Richard Von Kralik. As it is not feasible to deal with this subject in its entirety, we are per­suaded to pass over the share of Catholic literature contributed by the other countries of Europe and wind up this article with some reference to English and Ameri­can Catholic literature.

When the Reformation came English Catholic literature had had a long and glorious past from the Venerable Bede and King A l ­fred to the time of Chaucer and again from Chaucer to Sir Tho­mas More. For almost a miile-nium the literature of England had preserved a Catholic character entirely its own. "For a thousand years," writes Edward Hutton, "English literature did not pro­duce a single work which did not owe its life and its inspiration to the Catholic faith." After the Reformation there remained but a few harried and oppressed writers who could not give of their best under such trying conditions. Dryden, Pope, Crashaw and Southwell kept religious sentiment out of their writings and gave their works a defensive and apolo­getic tone. (To know more about post-Reformation Catholic writers, students of literature may consult with advantage 'The Metaphysical Poets of England' in three volumes by Dr . Johnson, annotated by Prof. Cunningham, obtainable at the Public Libraries in Singapore and Penang). Among the ecclesiastical writers of that time, Parsons, Campion, Cardinal Allen, Challoner and Butler are remembered best. With Cardinal Newman began a great revival of Catholic literature and his own works will occupy a lib­rary of modest size. Then came the Wards (W. G. and later W i l ­frid and Bernard), Faber, Man­ning, and Caswall. This illustri­ous group wras soon followed by the Catholic poets Patmore, Lionel Johnson, Francis Thompson and Gerard Hopkins. The revival of English Catholic literature has kept up a steady progress and has secured a place of pride to-day. It is rather unfortunate that American Catholic literature has not received the credit due to it. Perhaps the fault lies in the fact that many of us have not been sufficiently initiated into Ameri­can writings to arouse appreciable interest therein. Be that as it may: Yet, it cannot be gainsaid that writers of the calibre of Father Ryan, John Boyle O'Reil­ly, Daniel O'Connell, Joyce K i l ­mer and Thomas Walsh are not negligible entities in the realm of literature. To these names may be added Dr.. James Walsh and Fathers Garesche, Lord, Donnelly, Scott and Husslein who have ex­celled in History, Philosophy, Sociology and a type of literature

suitable for boys and girls. Final-ly America's greatest gift to the Catholic world is the Catholic Encyclopedia. May we not there­fore feel justly proud of such magnificent heritage in literature whose crystal streams are ever flowing, not with turbulent so­phistry but with placid and pene­trating wisdom of the ages.

NOTES & COMMENTS BILL ATTACKS SEAL OF

CONFESSION. Representative Bryan of Jual

County, U.S.A., has introduced a Bill in the State Legislature which proposes that priests should be forced to make known informa­tion they receive in the confes­sional. The Catholics of Utah have strongly protested against this Bill and are determined to organise public protests if the mea­sure is to be pressed.

Rt. Rev. Mgr. D. G. Hunt wrote as follows in the "Salt Lake Tribune" :

"The proposed law would com­mand the priest to violate an obligation, than which there is none more sacred. It would com­mand him to disregard an autho­rity greater than that of any State or nation, the authority of God Himself, and would strike at one of the most sacred traditions of our civilisation.

"There is not the slightest danger, however, that by this or any other conceivable means, any priest can be. coerced. The legis­lators of this State should under­stand that there is no power on earth that can compel a priest to violate the secrecy of the confes-sionaL,,

HITLERITE TOLERANCE?

"A report from England tells a strange story of the dismissed from the German diplomatic ser­vice of Herr von Dehn, who was minister in Bucharest. Before going to Rumania, Herr von Dehn was minister in Dublin, and when he was about to leave he paid a courtesy call on Archbishop Ro­binson, the Papal Nuncio to the Irish Free State. Though not a Catholic, he kissed the Arch­bishop's ring, as Catholics do, following usual custom of diplo­mats in Ireland. A photograph of his ac-: appeared in some of the papers. According to the pub­lished report, the photograph, was shown to Chancellor Hitler, who at once told Baron von Neurath, the German Foreign Minister, that such a position was an undigni­fied one for one of his ministers, and that one who assumed it was unfit to remain in the service.

"Another message relating Jto Germany tells of the arrest of Fr. Joseph Spieker, S. J., who was al­leged to have defamed Hitler and the State. He was tried in Co­logne and acquitted, the verdict being greeted with applause. Fr. Spieker was then set free, but was immediately re-arrested, being taken into "protective custody. We are perfectly at a loss to know what this form of custody means. The epithet 'protective' strikes a verv humane and pleasing note to the casual hearer, but Hitler and his own satellites should under­stand its full significance after their-own way. Surely even our school children know that 'protec­tion' and 'persecution' are by no means svnonvmous. It certainly calls for' a marvellous stretch ot imagination to reconcile the one with the other.

Contd: on page 11.)

11

DIOCESE OF M A L A C C A .

CATHEDRAL OF T H E GOOD SHEPHERD, SINGAPORE.

Calendar for the week.

Calendar for the week. May 19. Sunday—4th Sunday

After Easter. Mass and Ves­pers of the Sunday.

May 20. Monday—St. Bernardine of Sienna, C.

May 21. Tuesday—Of the Feria. May 22. W'day—Of the Feria.

St. Aemilius, M., Patron Saint of His Lordship BP. Barillon.

May 23. Thursday—Of the Feria. May 24. Friday—Our Lady, Help

of Christians. May 25. Saturday—St. Gregor\

VII, P. and C. Double.

N o t e s & C o m m e n t s .

(Continued from page 10)

MEXICAN GOVERNMENT A N D TEACHERS.

The Mexican Government de­nies that it is engaged in the persecution of religion, but ac­cording to the Boston Post, all these denials "sound quite flat when some of the facts are brought forth." This paper, a secular paper, says in an editorial:

"An official order of the federal board of education in the Mexican State of Yucatan commands school teachers in federal schools to renounce their religion They must take a pledge which reads: 'I hereby declare myself an irreconcilable enemy of the Catholic religion and disposed to combat the clergy wherever it shall be necessary. I also declare jnyself disposed to take ipart in the campaign against fanaticism.' In the face of orders like this, the explanations and excuses of the Mexican officials seem pretty much designed to gloss over their ne­farious acts by means of fair professions. Time will indeed tell in the end when 'truth' shall triumph over 'infamy.'

THOUGHT FOR T H E MONTH OF M A Y .

" A l l good works that do not succeed," says Father Faber, " fail because they have not enough of Mary in them."

The Mayor of a great city, a socialist, wanted the clock-tower of the Labour Exchange to be higher than the rest of the stee-p'es and towrers in the city. He forget that the significance of a steeple is not so much in its rising from the earth, as in its pointing to heaven.

We must infuse spiritual power into our material efforts, mingle the invisible element with our visible world, a little heaven with our earth. One of the most at­tractive ways in which we can spiritualize our life on earth, is by devotion to Mary.

A life wrhose every action is imbued with the thought of our Blessed Lady is transfigured with beauty and solace. In former times the statue of our Lady was to be ^cen everywhere, over the doors of houses, at the corner of streets, on the ramparts of the city. The wonderful cathedrals of the Middle Ages are a canticle in store +0 ^ e ? ] o r v 0 f Mary. Every hamlet had a shrine, or at tesst an altar, dedicated to her.

G O S P E L for

FOURTH SUNDAY A F T E R EASTER (St. John, xvi, 5—14). At that time, Jesus said to his disciples, I go to him that sent

me; and none of you asketh me, Whither goest thou? But because I have spoken these things to you, sorrow hath filled your heart. But I tell you the truth: it is expedient to you that I go; for if I go not, the Paraclete will not come to you; but if I go, I will send him to you. And when he is come, he will convince the world of sin, and of justice, and of judgement. Of sin, because they believed not in me; and of justice, because I go to the Father, and you shall see me no longer; and of judgment, because the prince of this world is already judged. I have yet many things to say to you, but you can­not bear them now: but when he, the Spirit of truth, is come, he will teach you all truth: for he shall not speak of himself; but what things soever he shall hear, he shall speak, and the things that are to come he shall show you. He shall glorify me, because he shall receive of mine, and shall show it to you.

COMMENTARY.

Jesus and Justice. to the wrorld

This discourse of Jesus took t t t H K H ' ^ ; j € s u s c a m e to the world to ~ r w J i * f 1 lS p r e a c h a n e w Economy" of re-supper with His disciples to the l a t i o n s b e t w e e n G o d a n / m a n . H e Garden of Gethsemani He pre- w a s t r u t h H e w a g j u s t i c e T h

% % ^ ° 7 ? g ? V h e ^ ^ ° S t ' w o r l d ' h o w e v e r > has always tried the Spirit of truth, and His three- t o flee from Jesus' justice and to fold mission : - t o convince the d i s c o v e r a n e w f o r m o f t h t g o c i a l

world: (a) of sin, (b) of justice, v i r t u e . I n v a i n , E x p e r i e n c e a l l

- ( C )

+ - n kJ • d g I ? € , « t n / h l S m i S " a l o n S t w e n t y centuries has proved sion is still being fulfilled. t h a t t r u e j u s t i c e ( a n d j u s t k e m u s t

™ u j i be true to itself) is impossible The world and Jesus. w J t h o u t t h a t „ ̂ > o m y „ p ? e a c h e d

The world is still being convict- by Jesus. Modern history gives us ed and convinced of sin, because it striking examples of this assertion, has not believed in Jesus. Twenty Russia has waged a systematic war centuries of Christianity have not against Christianity and against yet changed the world. The world the idea of God. A new era would still persists in having the last thus dawn upon the Russians, they word on vital and spiritual mat- thought. A new justice would be ters. New theories have been at- soon established. A new system tempted and their failure has been of relation between men would only a stimulus to start anew, thus be demonstrated. Practical Jesus' Gospel appears too old to results? None. Russia is to-day the world and they prefer modern a very sad experience of the views on modern topics, expressed struggle between the world and under modern ideas, because, they Jesus and His justice. It is not say, modern world has developed yet two months, that the outside ever so much, since Jesus' appear- world has learnt with horror and ance in the far distant times of dismay that the Russian govern-Judaea. There is a continual ment has enacted a law establish-struggle between Jesus and the ing " death sentences 9 9 to all in-world, dividuals, after attaining use of

reason. A child of 12 years, guilty Heresies have torn right from 0 f a n y c r j m e which comes under

the beginning the mystical body of death sentence, will be therefore, Christ. Everything has been assert- condemned to die. This is the new ed about Jesus' personality. For Justice of the anti-God war! some, He is not God. For others, # 9

He has not suffered for men. And T « e world is judged and lately the world has made a final condemned, attack at Him. The world has dar- The world has thus judged and ed to affirm that Jesus never condemned itself. And what won-existed! Still, Jesus continues to der, if Satan, the prince of the draw the world to Him. Still, He world, has been already judged reigns over thousands of hearts, and condemned? Satan himself is Still, He is loved, adored as God- the author of the anti-God war in Man, in thousands and thousands Russia, Satan himself is the stimu-of churches. He is the "sign of lator of the struggle between the contradiction" predicted by old world arid Jesus. Simeon, when He was presented to Truth, however, shall shine al-the Temple of Jerusalem. ^ ways. The Spirit of Truth shall

The Spirit of Truth, Truth itself, convince the world of sin, of jus-is still convincing the world of sin, tice and of judgment, because the world has not believed And in this trial the world is in Jesus. convicted aand found guilty.

Keep in your heart a special love for Mary, a special thought for her in your mind, a frequent prayer to her on your lips. Two mothers, your mother on earth (if you are so fortunate as to have her still) and your mother in Heaven, are not too many, be­cause there are moments in your life which are difficult not only for your body, but also for your soul. Often recall the words quoted above: " A l l good works that do not succeed fail because they have not enough of Mary in them."—Fr. R. Plus, S. J .

Religion, like every other bless­ing, must be approached In the right spirit and handled in the right way. (Rev. A . Roche).

It is always springtime in the heart that loves God. (Cure d'Ars).

DIOCESE OF MACAO. CHURCH OF ST. JOSEPH.

Calendar for the week.

May 19. Sunday—Fourth after Easter. White vestments. Proper of the Mass in the " Small Missal" p. 171. Semi-double. Second collect of St. Celestin, Pope and Confessor, third of St. Pudentiana, Vir­gin. Credo.

May 20. Monday—St. Bernardine of Sienna, Confessor, semi-double.

May 21. Tuesday—Of the Feria. May 22. W'day—Bl. John Baptist

Machado and Companions, Martyrs, double.

May 23. Thursday—Of the Feria. May 24. Friday—Of the Feria.

Abstinence. May 25. Saturday—St. Gregory

VII, Pope and Confessor.

THE ' SPIRIT 9 OF THE ACT.

We should not aim to perform extraordinary things well so much as to perform good things extra­ordinarily well. The act we may perform does not sanctify us so much as the spirit in which we perform it. We please^ God in the performance of an ordinary act with devout feeling as if it were the most admirable act in the world. Public exercises are better than private exercises, because you do a two-fold good—you benefit yourselves and you give edification to others by your example. Two things are necessary for the per­formance of your devotions well. You should have attention of mind and recollect the work upon which you are engaged. Your good works should be performed with the spirit of prayer and love of God. Al l your works then be­come a prayer and an offering to God. To labour is to pray.— Cardinal Gibbons.

A C a t h o l i c P a p e r

C a n n o t b e " S n a p p y "

I n t h e W o r l d l y S e n s e

The Catholic who is not inter­ested in Church news has little love for religion or gratitude for the gift of Faith. He is one of the class that find Catholic papers uninteresting. How will he be con­tent, should he get to Heaven, for the talk there will not be of the kind that he likes now?

THERE'S NEED FOR PRAYER.

The soul of one who serves God always swims in joy, always keeps holiday, and is always in a mood for singing. (St. John of the Cross).

God knows our needs before we ask. Then what is prayer for? Not to inform Him nor to move Him, unwilling, to have mercy, as if like some proud prince He re­quired a certain amount of recognition of His greatness as the price of His favours. But to fit our own hearts by ronsrroTrc w^tfs ~ and true desire and dependence to receive the gift which He is ever willing to give, but which we are not always fit to receive. As St. Augustine has it, the empty vessel is by prayer carried to the full fountain.

10

R A T E S OF SUBSCRIPTION

Post Free, Local and Aoroad: 12 Months ... $6.00 6 Months ... $3.00 3 Months ... $1.50

All correspondence and literary contributions should be addressed to The Managing Editor, Rev. R. Car don, 73, Bras Basah Road, Singapore.

Tel. 7376, Singapore.

J f t a k g a Cai l txxl i r ^znbzx

SATURDAY, M A Y 18th, 1935.

C A T H O L I C

L I T E R A T U R E .

When speaking of 'Catholic Literature" references based on faulty assumptions are often made by critics and students of literature. Such misleading ob­servations are due to a preposses­sion of inaccuracies that may be set down under the following categories:— (1) That the Catholic Church is

a Christian sect as much as any other.

(2) That Catholic literature is understood merely as " Ro­man Catholic religious litera­ture."

(3) That the scope of literature is narrowed down so as to comprise poetry, drama, fic­tion, literary essays and criti­cisms; all of which are con­veniently termed rbelles let-tres."

(4) That Anglo-American lite­rature of the past three cen­turies is taken to represent a major portion of the Catholic literary field. In attempting to discuss this

very wide subject, we must con­fess our inability to go exhaus­tively into it, nor to make any original comments on it. Before launching on our main subject the reader may well be informed that Catholicism merely stands for authentic, integral Christian­ity which has enjoyed an un­broken life of 193 5 years to date; and the literature of this exten­sive period not only pertains to matters of faith but embraces every aspect of life and thought throughout the Catholic world.

Since the New Testament forms the basis of the Church's teaching, we may conveniently fix it as the starting point of the subject of our discussion. The early ascetical writers and apolo­gists used the two languages of the Graeco-Roman world as the medium of expression of their inspired thoughts. A n aggrega­tion of this type of literary com­positions has been handed down to posterity under the name of 'Patrology'. These works are still extant in every Christian country either in their original forms or in translated and annotated editions. U p to the seventeenth century

learned works both sacred and profane were written in Latin. These works embodied Theology, Philosophy, Church History, Ca­non Law and Biography. Besides Greek and Latin patristic litera­ture, there was a sparse sprinkling of Syriac writings referred to as the works of the "Fathers of the Desert." Among the secular and liturgical works of the Christian Latin Poets, the names of Sidonius ApoHinaris, Prudentius, Venan-tius Fortunatus and St. Prosper of Aquitaine have won an exalted place in the 'Temple of Fame.'

Proceeding to the Middle Ages we see St. Bernard ushering in a new epoch of literature which culminated in the most fruitful and many-sided writings of which St. Thomas Aquinas and Dante are the foremost exponents. This was also the age of 'miracle,' or morality and mystery plays which were destined to be the sources of inspiration for modern sacred drama. It must be observed here that much of this mediaeval lite­rature found its way in transla­tion into every country in Chris­tendom. The peerless products of this phase of literature are the 'Fioretti' o l St. Francis and the Imitation of Christ.

Towards the close of the Middle Ages there was a bloom of na­tional literature in which France stood at the forefront with the exquisite chronicles of Joinville, Froissart and the suave poetical works of Villon. The Renais­sance gave a further 'fillip' to French literature when St. Fran­cis de Sales made an indelible mark by his writings. Taking all in all, Christendom owes a great deal to France in the field of Catholic literature. Her ascetical writers, religious historians and apologists have produced works of high value, and judging them, even at second-hand through me­diums of translation, one cannot but admit that these writings have left a permanent imprint on the sands of time.

In Italy the literature on the whole has been purely Catholic though there have been periods of lapses here and there. Dante's writings alone will form a library in themselves, but Italian litera­ture has many other names to be rightly proud of. We may name here just a few modern writers who are familiar to us through translations. They are Cardinal Capecelatro, Giosue Borsi, Agos-tino Gemelli and Papini. Spanish literature perhaps claims to be the most Catholic in outlook. Among the Spanish writers of note St. Teresa, St John of the Cross, Luis de Leon and Luis of Granada are the most outstanding. Lope de Vega and Calderon stand as a class by themselves in producing reli­gious dramas of high standard.

German literature wras just get­ting into its stride about the time of the Reformation. There ap­pears to be a scientific thorough­ness characterising the works of German writers particularly in

Philosophy, Sociology, Scriptural studies, history and other branches of learning. Of late years Ger­man Catholic literature has pro­duced original thinkers of the stamp of Karl Adam, Hermann Bahr and Richard Von Kralik. As it is not feasible to deal with this subject in its entirety, we are per­suaded to pass over the share of Catholic literature contributed by the other countries of Europe and wind up this article with some reference to English and Ameri­can Catholic literature.

When the Reformation came English Catholic literature had had a long and glorious past from the Venerable Bede and King A l ­fred to the time of Chaucer and again from Chaucer to Sir Tho­mas More. For almost a miile-nium the literature of England had preserved a Catholic character entirely its own. "For a thousand years," writes Edward Hutton, "English literature did not pro­duce a single work which did not owe its life and its inspiration to the Catholic faith." After the Reformation there remained but a few harried and oppressed writers who could not give of their best under such trying conditions. Dryden, Pope, Crashaw and Southwell kept religious sentiment out of their writings and gave their works a defensive and apolo­getic tone. (To know more about post-Reformation Catholic writers, students of literature may consult with advantage 'The Metaphysical Poets of England' in three volumes by Dr . Johnson, annotated by Prof. Cunningham, obtainable at the Public Libraries in Singapore and Penang). Among the ecclesiastical writers of that time, Parsons, Campion, Cardinal Allen, Challoner and Butler are remembered best. With Cardinal Newman began a great revival of Catholic literature and his own works will occupy a lib­rary of modest size. Then came the Wards (W. G. and later W i l ­frid and Bernard), Faber, Man­ning, and Caswall. This illustri­ous group wras soon followed by the Catholic poets Patmore, Lionel Johnson, Francis Thompson and Gerard Hopkins. The revival of English Catholic literature has kept up a steady progress and has secured a place of pride to-day. It is rather unfortunate that American Catholic literature has not received the credit due to it. Perhaps the fault lies in the fact that many of us have not been sufficiently initiated into Ameri­can writings to arouse appreciable interest therein. Be that as it may: Yet, it cannot be gainsaid that writers of the calibre of Father Ryan, John Boyle O'Reil­ly, Daniel O'Connell, Joyce K i l ­mer and Thomas Walsh are not negligible entities in the realm of literature. To these names may be added Dr.. James Walsh and Fathers Garesche, Lord, Donnelly, Scott and Husslein who have ex­celled in History, Philosophy, Sociology and a type of literature

suitable for boys and girls. Final-ly America's greatest gift to the Catholic world is the Catholic Encyclopedia. May we not there­fore feel justly proud of such magnificent heritage in literature whose crystal streams are ever flowing, not with turbulent so­phistry but with placid and pene­trating wisdom of the ages.

NOTES & COMMENTS BILL ATTACKS SEAL OF

CONFESSION. Representative Bryan of Jual

County, U.S.A., has introduced a Bill in the State Legislature which proposes that priests should be forced to make known informa­tion they receive in the confes­sional. The Catholics of Utah have strongly protested against this Bill and are determined to organise public protests if the mea­sure is to be pressed.

Rt. Rev. Mgr. D. G. Hunt wrote as follows in the "Salt Lake Tribune" :

"The proposed law would com­mand the priest to violate an obligation, than which there is none more sacred. It would com­mand him to disregard an autho­rity greater than that of any State or nation, the authority of God Himself, and would strike at one of the most sacred traditions of our civilisation.

"There is not the slightest danger, however, that by this or any other conceivable means, any priest can be. coerced. The legis­lators of this State should under­stand that there is no power on earth that can compel a priest to violate the secrecy of the confes-sionaL,,

HITLERITE TOLERANCE?

"A report from England tells a strange story of the dismissed from the German diplomatic ser­vice of Herr von Dehn, who was minister in Bucharest. Before going to Rumania, Herr von Dehn was minister in Dublin, and when he was about to leave he paid a courtesy call on Archbishop Ro­binson, the Papal Nuncio to the Irish Free State. Though not a Catholic, he kissed the Arch­bishop's ring, as Catholics do, following usual custom of diplo­mats in Ireland. A photograph of his ac-: appeared in some of the papers. According to the pub­lished report, the photograph, was shown to Chancellor Hitler, who at once told Baron von Neurath, the German Foreign Minister, that such a position was an undigni­fied one for one of his ministers, and that one who assumed it was unfit to remain in the service.

"Another message relating Jto Germany tells of the arrest of Fr. Joseph Spieker, S. J., who was al­leged to have defamed Hitler and the State. He was tried in Co­logne and acquitted, the verdict being greeted with applause. Fr. Spieker was then set free, but was immediately re-arrested, being taken into "protective custody. We are perfectly at a loss to know what this form of custody means. The epithet 'protective' strikes a verv humane and pleasing note to the casual hearer, but Hitler and his own satellites should under­stand its full significance after their-own way. Surely even our school children know that 'protec­tion' and 'persecution' are by no means svnonvmous. It certainly calls for' a marvellous stretch ot imagination to reconcile the one with the other.

Contd: on page 11.)

11

DIOCESE OF M A L A C C A .

CATHEDRAL OF T H E GOOD SHEPHERD, SINGAPORE.

Calendar for the week.

Calendar for the week. May 19. Sunday—4th Sunday

After Easter. Mass and Ves­pers of the Sunday.

May 20. Monday—St. Bernardine of Sienna, C.

May 21. Tuesday—Of the Feria. May 22. W'day—Of the Feria.

St. Aemilius, M., Patron Saint of His Lordship BP. Barillon.

May 23. Thursday—Of the Feria. May 24. Friday—Our Lady, Help

of Christians. May 25. Saturday—St. Gregor\

VII, P. and C. Double.

N o t e s & C o m m e n t s .

(Continued from page 10)

MEXICAN GOVERNMENT A N D TEACHERS.

The Mexican Government de­nies that it is engaged in the persecution of religion, but ac­cording to the Boston Post, all these denials "sound quite flat when some of the facts are brought forth." This paper, a secular paper, says in an editorial:

"An official order of the federal board of education in the Mexican State of Yucatan commands school teachers in federal schools to renounce their religion They must take a pledge which reads: 'I hereby declare myself an irreconcilable enemy of the Catholic religion and disposed to combat the clergy wherever it shall be necessary. I also declare jnyself disposed to take ipart in the campaign against fanaticism.' In the face of orders like this, the explanations and excuses of the Mexican officials seem pretty much designed to gloss over their ne­farious acts by means of fair professions. Time will indeed tell in the end when 'truth' shall triumph over 'infamy.'

THOUGHT FOR T H E MONTH OF M A Y .

" A l l good works that do not succeed," says Father Faber, " fail because they have not enough of Mary in them."

The Mayor of a great city, a socialist, wanted the clock-tower of the Labour Exchange to be higher than the rest of the stee-p'es and towrers in the city. He forget that the significance of a steeple is not so much in its rising from the earth, as in its pointing to heaven.

We must infuse spiritual power into our material efforts, mingle the invisible element with our visible world, a little heaven with our earth. One of the most at­tractive ways in which we can spiritualize our life on earth, is by devotion to Mary.

A life wrhose every action is imbued with the thought of our Blessed Lady is transfigured with beauty and solace. In former times the statue of our Lady was to be ^cen everywhere, over the doors of houses, at the corner of streets, on the ramparts of the city. The wonderful cathedrals of the Middle Ages are a canticle in store +0 ^ e ? ] o r v 0 f Mary. Every hamlet had a shrine, or at tesst an altar, dedicated to her.

G O S P E L for

FOURTH SUNDAY A F T E R EASTER (St. John, xvi, 5—14). At that time, Jesus said to his disciples, I go to him that sent

me; and none of you asketh me, Whither goest thou? But because I have spoken these things to you, sorrow hath filled your heart. But I tell you the truth: it is expedient to you that I go; for if I go not, the Paraclete will not come to you; but if I go, I will send him to you. And when he is come, he will convince the world of sin, and of justice, and of judgement. Of sin, because they believed not in me; and of justice, because I go to the Father, and you shall see me no longer; and of judgment, because the prince of this world is already judged. I have yet many things to say to you, but you can­not bear them now: but when he, the Spirit of truth, is come, he will teach you all truth: for he shall not speak of himself; but what things soever he shall hear, he shall speak, and the things that are to come he shall show you. He shall glorify me, because he shall receive of mine, and shall show it to you.

COMMENTARY.

Jesus and Justice. to the wrorld

This discourse of Jesus took t t t H K H ' ^ ; j € s u s c a m e to the world to ~ r w J i * f 1 lS p r e a c h a n e w Economy" of re-supper with His disciples to the l a t i o n s b e t w e e n G o d a n / m a n . H e Garden of Gethsemani He pre- w a s t r u t h H e w a g j u s t i c e T h

% % ^ ° 7 ? g ? V h e ^ ^ ° S t ' w o r l d ' h o w e v e r > has always tried the Spirit of truth, and His three- t o flee from Jesus' justice and to fold mission : - t o convince the d i s c o v e r a n e w f o r m o f t h t g o c i a l

world: (a) of sin, (b) of justice, v i r t u e . I n v a i n , E x p e r i e n c e a l l

- ( C )

+ - n kJ • d g I ? € , « t n / h l S m i S " a l o n S t w e n t y centuries has proved sion is still being fulfilled. t h a t t r u e j u s t i c e ( a n d j u s t k e m u s t

™ u j i be true to itself) is impossible The world and Jesus. w J t h o u t t h a t „ ̂ > o m y „ p ? e a c h e d

The world is still being convict- by Jesus. Modern history gives us ed and convinced of sin, because it striking examples of this assertion, has not believed in Jesus. Twenty Russia has waged a systematic war centuries of Christianity have not against Christianity and against yet changed the world. The world the idea of God. A new era would still persists in having the last thus dawn upon the Russians, they word on vital and spiritual mat- thought. A new justice would be ters. New theories have been at- soon established. A new system tempted and their failure has been of relation between men would only a stimulus to start anew, thus be demonstrated. Practical Jesus' Gospel appears too old to results? None. Russia is to-day the world and they prefer modern a very sad experience of the views on modern topics, expressed struggle between the world and under modern ideas, because, they Jesus and His justice. It is not say, modern world has developed yet two months, that the outside ever so much, since Jesus' appear- world has learnt with horror and ance in the far distant times of dismay that the Russian govern-Judaea. There is a continual ment has enacted a law establish-struggle between Jesus and the ing " death sentences 9 9 to all in-world, dividuals, after attaining use of

reason. A child of 12 years, guilty Heresies have torn right from 0 f a n y c r j m e which comes under

the beginning the mystical body of death sentence, will be therefore, Christ. Everything has been assert- condemned to die. This is the new ed about Jesus' personality. For Justice of the anti-God war! some, He is not God. For others, # 9

He has not suffered for men. And T « e world is judged and lately the world has made a final condemned, attack at Him. The world has dar- The world has thus judged and ed to affirm that Jesus never condemned itself. And what won-existed! Still, Jesus continues to der, if Satan, the prince of the draw the world to Him. Still, He world, has been already judged reigns over thousands of hearts, and condemned? Satan himself is Still, He is loved, adored as God- the author of the anti-God war in Man, in thousands and thousands Russia, Satan himself is the stimu-of churches. He is the "sign of lator of the struggle between the contradiction" predicted by old world arid Jesus. Simeon, when He was presented to Truth, however, shall shine al-the Temple of Jerusalem. ^ ways. The Spirit of Truth shall

The Spirit of Truth, Truth itself, convince the world of sin, of jus-is still convincing the world of sin, tice and of judgment, because the world has not believed And in this trial the world is in Jesus. convicted aand found guilty.

Keep in your heart a special love for Mary, a special thought for her in your mind, a frequent prayer to her on your lips. Two mothers, your mother on earth (if you are so fortunate as to have her still) and your mother in Heaven, are not too many, be­cause there are moments in your life which are difficult not only for your body, but also for your soul. Often recall the words quoted above: " A l l good works that do not succeed fail because they have not enough of Mary in them."—Fr. R. Plus, S. J .

Religion, like every other bless­ing, must be approached In the right spirit and handled in the right way. (Rev. A . Roche).

It is always springtime in the heart that loves God. (Cure d'Ars).

DIOCESE OF MACAO. CHURCH OF ST. JOSEPH.

Calendar for the week.

May 19. Sunday—Fourth after Easter. White vestments. Proper of the Mass in the " Small Missal" p. 171. Semi-double. Second collect of St. Celestin, Pope and Confessor, third of St. Pudentiana, Vir­gin. Credo.

May 20. Monday—St. Bernardine of Sienna, Confessor, semi-double.

May 21. Tuesday—Of the Feria. May 22. W'day—Bl. John Baptist

Machado and Companions, Martyrs, double.

May 23. Thursday—Of the Feria. May 24. Friday—Of the Feria.

Abstinence. May 25. Saturday—St. Gregory

VII, Pope and Confessor.

THE ' SPIRIT 9 OF THE ACT.

We should not aim to perform extraordinary things well so much as to perform good things extra­ordinarily well. The act we may perform does not sanctify us so much as the spirit in which we perform it. We please^ God in the performance of an ordinary act with devout feeling as if it were the most admirable act in the world. Public exercises are better than private exercises, because you do a two-fold good—you benefit yourselves and you give edification to others by your example. Two things are necessary for the per­formance of your devotions well. You should have attention of mind and recollect the work upon which you are engaged. Your good works should be performed with the spirit of prayer and love of God. Al l your works then be­come a prayer and an offering to God. To labour is to pray.— Cardinal Gibbons.

A C a t h o l i c P a p e r

C a n n o t b e " S n a p p y "

I n t h e W o r l d l y S e n s e

The Catholic who is not inter­ested in Church news has little love for religion or gratitude for the gift of Faith. He is one of the class that find Catholic papers uninteresting. How will he be con­tent, should he get to Heaven, for the talk there will not be of the kind that he likes now?

THERE'S NEED FOR PRAYER.

The soul of one who serves God always swims in joy, always keeps holiday, and is always in a mood for singing. (St. John of the Cross).

God knows our needs before we ask. Then what is prayer for? Not to inform Him nor to move Him, unwilling, to have mercy, as if like some proud prince He re­quired a certain amount of recognition of His greatness as the price of His favours. But to fit our own hearts by ronsrroTrc w^tfs ~ and true desire and dependence to receive the gift which He is ever willing to give, but which we are not always fit to receive. As St. Augustine has it, the empty vessel is by prayer carried to the full fountain.

12 11

P R E S S G L E A N I N G S (Contd: from page 9.)

C O R M A C K ' S I M P U D E N C E . A s i f to justify language which

seems to be an incitement to dis­order, Councillor Cormack dares to quote from a note of ours, in which he says that there is incitement to violence. He is guilty of suppres­sion of the truth and he knows it. He consciously perverts our mean­ing, and begins his quotation with­out explaining that what we wrote had no connection wi th violence in any shape or form.

He perverts a warning addressed to himself and all others concerned, that they were heading for violence and civil disorder, into an incite­ment of Catholics to rioting.

Our comments dealt with his proposal, (which, to the honour of Edinburgh, found no seconder), that a religious inquisition should be established to exclude Catholics from employment under the Cor­poration in excess of their ratio to \he total population.

We warned him that that (not rioting, be i t noted, but rousing sectarian and religious prejudices) was a game at which two can play, but one which can only end in civi l commotion such* as rent and dis­honoured the Ci ty of Liverpool.

A Warning Repeated. . Councillor Cormack, like Lord George Gordon, apparently believes that one can go on rousing people against Catholics without them getting roused, and also without making his own followers, as well as misguided and unfortunate Ca­tholic sufferers at his hands, lose their heads and do something which we, and all law-abiding ci t i ­zens would deplore.

We assured h im that he was wrong, and we appealed to the ex­ample of Liverpool, where forerun­ners of his own " stoneage " me­thods (to quote Archbishop Dow­ney) reduced the ci ty to ch(aos, and buried its fair name* in the igno­miny of a public enquiry into its disorderliness.

We warned him that he was run­ning into the same dangers, and he calmly uses a part of our letter as proof that we incited Catholics to violence. What we did say, and what we repeat, is that we shall not take such conduct as his lying down, but we shall, i f necessary, invoke the law.

Long before he and his followers have repeated the Liverpool exces­ses in Scotland we shall, warned by our previous experiences, call upon the Law to protect us from the menace of the Scottish Protes­tant Action Society. A Contemplative Order In Ceylon.

On the second day of February, 1928, a new contemplative order, called the Congregation of Our Lady of the Most Holy Rosary, with a rule modelled on that of the Trappists, was founded by Fr . Thomas, O.M.I.

Its special object is to work for the conversion of Ceylon and India by means of prayer and penitential exercises. The rule is severe, in­cluding a daily fast throughout the year and abstinence from meat, fish, eggs, tobacco and alcohol, as well as perpetual silence.

The caste problem, usually such a barrier to conversions and voca­tions on account of the universal brotherhood and fundamental equality which is part of the Faith, has proved no great obstacle to the growth of the new order. Thirty representatives of all castes have already joined.

Several of the Brothers are being prepared for the priesthood, and of late many women have asked for a similar foundation to be establi­shed for their own sex. The material needs of the new Congre­gation are great, and F r . B . A . Thomas, O.M.I., the Monastery, Thologatty, Atchuvaly, Jaffna, Ceylon, is looking for benefactors.

(Catholic Times May 3rd).

i JUST THINK of the money that is going up in

the flames as they demolish

your property! Don't hesitate

until it is too late—you can

fully protect yourself with a

minimum of expenditure by

taking out an N . E . M . Policy.

Our Rates are Competitive

The fact that you are already insured need not hinder you from asking for a quotation— perhaps we can help you to econo­mise in premium.

E V E R Y RISK R A T E D ON ITS MERITS .

A P R O G R E S S I V E BRITISH N O N - T A R I F F C O M P A N Y .

N A T I O N A L E M P L O Y E R S ' M U T U A L GENERAL INSURANCE ASSOCIATION LTD. £

MEYER CHAMBERS, RAFFLES PLACE.

I N C O R P O R A T E D E N G L A N D

SINGAPORE. 'PHONE: 2845.

CORRESPONDENCE [The M.C.L. does not necessarily

endorse the opinions expressed by cor­respondents. Correspondents are re­quested to adhere to the topic of their letters and to avoid long rambling epistles. Pen names may be used but, in every case, the name and address of the writer must accompany each con­tribution, not essentially for publication but as a token of good faith.']

The Editor. r

Malaya Catholic Leader. S E L F - R E S P E C T M O V E M E N T

I N M A L A Y A . Sir , •

Of late a novel movement which has been doing considerable da­mage to the cause of the Catholic Church in India has spread to Malaya, the land of experiments. It is none else than the notorious "Self-Respect Movement" of South India which had its headquarters, according to circumstances, at various places, namely Erode, Coimbatore and Trichinopoly.

It is now understood that such a Society exists in Kuala Lumpur and that several nasty publications are being distributed through the length and breadth of Malaya.

The movement is a purely so­cialistic, deadly anti-Catholic and atheistic organisation. Its official organs are:— <

(1) The Kudi Arasu (2) The Pavutharivoo (3) The Samadarma

all of which preach a new cult of atheism and irreligion, and tend to destroy the standard of mora­l i ty of man and induce him to give up the very God who created him and keeps him alive.

The life of this movement had been intermittent but still it hopes to sustain against odds. Why? Because uninstructed and igno­rant Christians and non-Chris­tians who, on account of their prejudice and ignorance, still want to delight themselves on ideals, which in themselves, have devastating effects on morality in general and Catholicity in parti­cular.

Recently in India, the leader of the Self-Respect Movement suffer­ed imprisonment and his paper "Kud i Arasu" was also suspended for over a year in 1934 by the Government of Madras for caus­ing disaffection among 'the sub­jects of his Majesty's Government.

"The Swadesa Mitran" dated 3rd March, 1935, learns that Messrs. Jeevanandan and Krishna-sami Naicker, Author and Pub­lisher respectively of the book entitled, "Why I am an Atheist," have been imprisoned. It is understood that the Government of Madras has proscribed this book as it is believed to contain certain seditious political views.

The ungodly spirit with which sweeping remarks on religion ai!d Society ^ are passed by these "self-respectors" in their meet-* ings and monthlies is further spread by the periodical publica­tions issued by the Rational Books Publishing Society recently estab­lished at Erode, South India. This Society has so far published 19 books in Tamil all of which con­tain vile attacks on God and reli­gion and, by deliberate choice, on everything held sacred by Catho­lics. To mention a few of such books :—

(i) God and why I became a Sceptic — (from Inger-soll's lectures)

(ii) The Celibacy of Priests — Protestant Clergy­man, Rev. G. Townshend Fox.

(iii) The Priest, Women and Confessional — Part I, Paster Chiniquy.

(iv) Is there Life after Death ?

(v) Why I am an Atheist— By Bhagat Singh.

(vi) Scientific method and Ignorant Beliefs By M . Singaravelu.

(vii) The origin of the World by K . BraKmachari.

vii i) Religion and Science by K . Brahmachari.

(ix) Has Religion made any useful contribution to Civilisation etc., etc.

Some of these books are on the market for sale nay, are already in the possession -of many a non-Catholic. What a misrepresenta­tion of our Catholic Fa i th ! What an obstacle to spread the Kingdom of God ! ! Kind readers beware and take heed.

The Movement in Malaya is presumably in its infancy and it is therefore the duty of Catholics, nay the arduous duty of Catholic Actionists to exert and to organise themselves in order to stem the evil and to enlighten their less favoured brethren as to the deva­stating vilification of the Catholic Church and the godlessn^ss preached by these self-respectors.

It is unfortunate that these self-respectors cast their nets over the un-educated masses who in their ignorance get entangled in them. Let us therefore be up and doing and inded be a help to these un-educated masses.

C A T H O L I C A C T I O N M E M B E R .

You should not weaken your bodily nature because the spiritual cannot act with the same energy. We ought to love the body and wish it well, when it obeys and assists the soul. (St. Ignatius).

MALAYA CATHOLIC LEADER, SATURDAY, MAY 18th, 1935. 13

Royal Silver Jubilee Parade Snaps (Taken with Leitz Leica Camera by Schmidt and Co.)

The Regulars " Marching Past in Extended Order.

Malay Volunteers on the March Past with H.E. The Governor taking The Salute.

'ills-

Two R.A.F. Planes Swooping Down.

7tnf s

The Kilted Scottish Company Marching Past.

Malay Company followed by the Sikh Police Contingent.

Mr. and Mrs. E . C. Newman, who were married in the Church of St. Michael on Saturday, 4th May.

12 11

P R E S S G L E A N I N G S (Contd: from page 9.)

C O R M A C K ' S I M P U D E N C E . A s i f to justify language which

seems to be an incitement to dis­order, Councillor Cormack dares to quote from a note of ours, in which he says that there is incitement to violence. He is guilty of suppres­sion of the truth and he knows it. He consciously perverts our mean­ing, and begins his quotation with­out explaining that what we wrote had no connection wi th violence in any shape or form.

He perverts a warning addressed to himself and all others concerned, that they were heading for violence and civil disorder, into an incite­ment of Catholics to rioting.

Our comments dealt with his proposal, (which, to the honour of Edinburgh, found no seconder), that a religious inquisition should be established to exclude Catholics from employment under the Cor­poration in excess of their ratio to \he total population.

We warned him that that (not rioting, be i t noted, but rousing sectarian and religious prejudices) was a game at which two can play, but one which can only end in civi l commotion such* as rent and dis­honoured the Ci ty of Liverpool.

A Warning Repeated. . Councillor Cormack, like Lord George Gordon, apparently believes that one can go on rousing people against Catholics without them getting roused, and also without making his own followers, as well as misguided and unfortunate Ca­tholic sufferers at his hands, lose their heads and do something which we, and all law-abiding ci t i ­zens would deplore.

We assured h im that he was wrong, and we appealed to the ex­ample of Liverpool, where forerun­ners of his own " stoneage " me­thods (to quote Archbishop Dow­ney) reduced the ci ty to ch(aos, and buried its fair name* in the igno­miny of a public enquiry into its disorderliness.

We warned him that he was run­ning into the same dangers, and he calmly uses a part of our letter as proof that we incited Catholics to violence. What we did say, and what we repeat, is that we shall not take such conduct as his lying down, but we shall, i f necessary, invoke the law.

Long before he and his followers have repeated the Liverpool exces­ses in Scotland we shall, warned by our previous experiences, call upon the Law to protect us from the menace of the Scottish Protes­tant Action Society. A Contemplative Order In Ceylon.

On the second day of February, 1928, a new contemplative order, called the Congregation of Our Lady of the Most Holy Rosary, with a rule modelled on that of the Trappists, was founded by Fr . Thomas, O.M.I.

Its special object is to work for the conversion of Ceylon and India by means of prayer and penitential exercises. The rule is severe, in­cluding a daily fast throughout the year and abstinence from meat, fish, eggs, tobacco and alcohol, as well as perpetual silence.

The caste problem, usually such a barrier to conversions and voca­tions on account of the universal brotherhood and fundamental equality which is part of the Faith, has proved no great obstacle to the growth of the new order. Thirty representatives of all castes have already joined.

Several of the Brothers are being prepared for the priesthood, and of late many women have asked for a similar foundation to be establi­shed for their own sex. The material needs of the new Congre­gation are great, and F r . B . A . Thomas, O.M.I., the Monastery, Thologatty, Atchuvaly, Jaffna, Ceylon, is looking for benefactors.

(Catholic Times May 3rd).

i JUST THINK of the money that is going up in

the flames as they demolish

your property! Don't hesitate

until it is too late—you can

fully protect yourself with a

minimum of expenditure by

taking out an N . E . M . Policy.

Our Rates are Competitive

The fact that you are already insured need not hinder you from asking for a quotation— perhaps we can help you to econo­mise in premium.

E V E R Y RISK R A T E D ON ITS MERITS .

A P R O G R E S S I V E BRITISH N O N - T A R I F F C O M P A N Y .

N A T I O N A L E M P L O Y E R S ' M U T U A L GENERAL INSURANCE ASSOCIATION LTD. £

MEYER CHAMBERS, RAFFLES PLACE.

I N C O R P O R A T E D E N G L A N D

SINGAPORE. 'PHONE: 2845.

CORRESPONDENCE [The M.C.L. does not necessarily

endorse the opinions expressed by cor­respondents. Correspondents are re­quested to adhere to the topic of their letters and to avoid long rambling epistles. Pen names may be used but, in every case, the name and address of the writer must accompany each con­tribution, not essentially for publication but as a token of good faith.']

The Editor. r

Malaya Catholic Leader. S E L F - R E S P E C T M O V E M E N T

I N M A L A Y A . Sir , •

Of late a novel movement which has been doing considerable da­mage to the cause of the Catholic Church in India has spread to Malaya, the land of experiments. It is none else than the notorious "Self-Respect Movement" of South India which had its headquarters, according to circumstances, at various places, namely Erode, Coimbatore and Trichinopoly.

It is now understood that such a Society exists in Kuala Lumpur and that several nasty publications are being distributed through the length and breadth of Malaya.

The movement is a purely so­cialistic, deadly anti-Catholic and atheistic organisation. Its official organs are:— <

(1) The Kudi Arasu (2) The Pavutharivoo (3) The Samadarma

all of which preach a new cult of atheism and irreligion, and tend to destroy the standard of mora­l i ty of man and induce him to give up the very God who created him and keeps him alive.

The life of this movement had been intermittent but still it hopes to sustain against odds. Why? Because uninstructed and igno­rant Christians and non-Chris­tians who, on account of their prejudice and ignorance, still want to delight themselves on ideals, which in themselves, have devastating effects on morality in general and Catholicity in parti­cular.

Recently in India, the leader of the Self-Respect Movement suffer­ed imprisonment and his paper "Kud i Arasu" was also suspended for over a year in 1934 by the Government of Madras for caus­ing disaffection among 'the sub­jects of his Majesty's Government.

"The Swadesa Mitran" dated 3rd March, 1935, learns that Messrs. Jeevanandan and Krishna-sami Naicker, Author and Pub­lisher respectively of the book entitled, "Why I am an Atheist," have been imprisoned. It is understood that the Government of Madras has proscribed this book as it is believed to contain certain seditious political views.

The ungodly spirit with which sweeping remarks on religion ai!d Society ^ are passed by these "self-respectors" in their meet-* ings and monthlies is further spread by the periodical publica­tions issued by the Rational Books Publishing Society recently estab­lished at Erode, South India. This Society has so far published 19 books in Tamil all of which con­tain vile attacks on God and reli­gion and, by deliberate choice, on everything held sacred by Catho­lics. To mention a few of such books :—

(i) God and why I became a Sceptic — (from Inger-soll's lectures)

(ii) The Celibacy of Priests — Protestant Clergy­man, Rev. G. Townshend Fox.

(iii) The Priest, Women and Confessional — Part I, Paster Chiniquy.

(iv) Is there Life after Death ?

(v) Why I am an Atheist— By Bhagat Singh.

(vi) Scientific method and Ignorant Beliefs By M . Singaravelu.

(vii) The origin of the World by K . BraKmachari.

vii i) Religion and Science by K . Brahmachari.

(ix) Has Religion made any useful contribution to Civilisation etc., etc.

Some of these books are on the market for sale nay, are already in the possession -of many a non-Catholic. What a misrepresenta­tion of our Catholic Fa i th ! What an obstacle to spread the Kingdom of God ! ! Kind readers beware and take heed.

The Movement in Malaya is presumably in its infancy and it is therefore the duty of Catholics, nay the arduous duty of Catholic Actionists to exert and to organise themselves in order to stem the evil and to enlighten their less favoured brethren as to the deva­stating vilification of the Catholic Church and the godlessn^ss preached by these self-respectors.

It is unfortunate that these self-respectors cast their nets over the un-educated masses who in their ignorance get entangled in them. Let us therefore be up and doing and inded be a help to these un-educated masses.

C A T H O L I C A C T I O N M E M B E R .

You should not weaken your bodily nature because the spiritual cannot act with the same energy. We ought to love the body and wish it well, when it obeys and assists the soul. (St. Ignatius).

MALAYA CATHOLIC LEADER, SATURDAY, MAY 18th, 1935. 13

Royal Silver Jubilee Parade Snaps (Taken with Leitz Leica Camera by Schmidt and Co.)

The Regulars " Marching Past in Extended Order.

Malay Volunteers on the March Past with H.E. The Governor taking The Salute.

'ills-

Two R.A.F. Planes Swooping Down.

7tnf s

The Kilted Scottish Company Marching Past.

Malay Company followed by the Sikh Police Contingent.

Mr. and Mrs. E . C. Newman, who were married in the Church of St. Michael on Saturday, 4th May.

14 M A L A Y A CATHOLIC L E A D E R , S A T U R D A Y , MAY 18th, 1935.

Catholic Affairs from Far and Near A S I A .

New Editor of Synodal Commis­sion Digest arrives in Peiping.

Peiping, April 15.—The Rev. Edward Boedefeld, O.F.M., who was appointed several months ago to take over the direction of the well-known DIGEST of the Syno­dal Commission, arrived here to­day.

Father Boedefeld comes directly from Rome, where for the last four years he has been professor of Chinese Culture and of Pastoral Mission Practice in the Franciscan College, the Antonianum. How­ever, he is by no means a stranger to China, having spent nearly twenty years in the Vicariate of Tsinanfu, Shantung, previous to his sojourn in Rome.

In his new capacity as Editor of the Digest, Father Boedefeld succeeds the Very Rev. Theodore Mittler, S.V.D., President and pio­neer of the Synodal Commission, who launched the Digest in 1928 and skilfully guided its destinies for the last seven years. More frequently referred to by its Latin name as the Collectanea, this scholarly monthly, edited in Latin, French and English, has made a name for itself in Europe as well as in China, where it serves as the official organ of the Catholic clergy. A n indefatigable worker, Father Mittler has also seen through the press most of the seventy odd publications of the Synodal Commission, being him­self the author of a series of very useful works for the study of the Chinese language. (Lumen).

Conference of Catholic Educators to be HeW at Tatung, Shansi.

Peiping.—Profiting by the re-snite afforded by Easter vacation, the Rev. Directors of the Minor Seminaries of Ningsia. Suiyuan. Tsining and Siwantze, Chahar, will hold a joint conference at the Re­gional Seminary at Tatung from Apri l 24 to 27. Rev. Joseph Rut-ten, C . L C J L , member of the Synodal Commission in Peiping, will take part in the deliberations. He is leaving Here Apri l 22r~

Such conferences of Seminary Directors are arranged from time to time with a view to securing a more perfect co-ordination of the programmes of the various semi­naries so that the spiritual forma­tion of the clerical students of these vicariates may have reached a uniform standard of excellency before they enter the Major Se­minary either in Tatung or in Rome.

The Catholic clergy have always formed part of the intellectual elite of their epoch. This is a tradition which goes back to the earliest Christian centuries, and which continued throughout the Middle Ages, when the Church not only saved Greco-Latin culture but fostered also further development of science and art by founding universities wherever her influence extended. And it holds good to­day, and every effort is being made to extend the tradition to mission countries as well. The pre­sent Pope, who takes a very spe­cial interest in China, has again and again enioined missionaries to do all in their power to provide the best possible moral literary and scientific formation for the future Chinese clergy. (Lumen).

Dom Neve, O.S.B., Arrives in Peiping.

Peiping, Apri l 17.—The Very Rev. Dom Neve, abbot of St. Andree-lez-Bruges, a Benedictine Abbey in Belgium, arrived this morning from Shanghai. He was welcomed by Rev. Dr. Paul Yu Pin, General Director of Catholic Action in China, and by a large representation of local Catholics.

Dom Neve arrived in China several months ago on a visit to the Benedictine Priory of Sishan in the Vicariate of Shunking, Szechwan.

Of special interest to China is the fact that Dom Neve is abbot of the monastery in which H . E . L u Cheng-Siang, former Minister of Foreign Affairs and Premier of China, has been living in retire­ment from the world since his conversion to the Catholic Faith and his determination to become a Benedictine. Having finished the necessary studies, Lu Cheng-Siang is to be ordained to the priesthood June 29. Dom Neve is leaving China in the near future so as to be present at the ceremony. (Lumen).

* # * * Further details concerning the slaying of Father Manrique. S.J.

Ankine. Apri l 12.—Father Man-rique^—

« l j 1T*« Whi< than twn miles from his residence at Tsingshankiao, near the Kiangsi border, when murdered by Reds on April 6, it has been learned here. Accompanied by a catechist and a servant, he was returning home after a visit to one of his Christianities. A l l three of the party were killed when beset by a small band of Communists who opened fire with revolvers at close range.

R E P U T E D M Y S O R E G O V E R N M E N T P R O D U C T S . F R O M T H E H O M E O F T H E G E N U I N E S A N D A L W O O D

( S a n t a l u m A l b u m L i n n e . )

M Y S O R E S A N D A L W O O D O I L B*P. ft VSJL STANDARDS.

RECOGNISED AS THE FINEST, PUREST AND AS THE STANDARD OF QUALITY BY THE LEADING AUTHORITIES

THE WORLD OVER.

F O R Q U A L I T Y F O R P U R I T Y F O R E C O N O M Y USE

M Y S O R E S A N D A L S O A P A SUPREME TOILET SOAP. . . . DELICATELY PERFUMED WITH

THE WORLD'S BEST SANDAL OIL. MATCHLESS FOR BEAUTY AND COMPLEXION.

OBTAINABLE EVERYWHERE Selling Agents:—

N A R A Y A N A S W A M Y & S O N S , 43, Selegie Road, Singapore. S.S.

Father Joachim Martinez Man­rique was a native of Spain, born in 1897 in the diocese of Oviedo in the Province of Leon. He entered the Jesuit Society in 1915 and came to China in 1930. After studying the language for some time, he was given the direction of the Mission of Shucheng, Anh-wei, where he snent 3 years. He was only recently transferred to Tsingshankiao and had taken po-session of his new district only about two weeks when death over­took him.

Father Manrique was greatly loved by the Chinese. He was a fervent religious, whose ardent zeal appeared to grow rather than diminish in face of the many dif­ficulties and dangers of the past few years. (Lumen).

* * # * News from Kanchow Vicariate.

Sinfeng, Kiangsi.—Some inter­esting happenings came in the wake of Father Bravo's release. On February 8 a Communist General and several other officers were captured and-brought to this city. That night the Red General sent a messenger to inquire if he could see Father Bravo. We re­plied that we should be glad to receive him. However, he was un­able to come that night. Next morning another messenger came to ask if Father Bravo would go over to see the General. We re­plied in the negative because the General was under guard in a house of ill fame. Father Bravo left that day for Kanchow and the General and four other officers were taken to Army Headquarters in Tayu. Word has since come that all five were executed.

A few days after Father Bravo's departure for Kanchow and Hong Kong, a young ex-Communist, a native of Shansi, came to the Mis­sion looking for him. Four years ago he had been a northern sol­dier. He had been captured by the Reds and turned Communist to save his life. He had befriended Father Bravo during the latter's captivity and after his release had managed to escape with his gun. for which reason he was not held by the soldiers. As he is very clever with the paint-brush, we have temporarily put him to work here and will give him some money later on to help him get back to Shansi.

Priests have been able to return to Ningtu, Yutu, and Hingkwo af­ter an absence of four years. The Hingkwo mission was entirely de­stroyed by the Communists and the other two missions badly damaged. To restore the several wrecked missions more than $200,000 would be needed. Our catechumenate is full and our pri-

" Can't Get On With Mother !» Girls more to be pitied than blamed.

A mother speaking of her seventeen year old daughter said, "She seems to be so irritable and peevish lately, I don't know what is the matter with her."

It is astonishing the number of girls of this age who 'Can't get on with mother/ They are fretful, cross, pale, complain of headaches,—a sad contrast to the bright girls they were a year or two ago.

Those backaches, languor, breath-lessness, irritability, tell the whole story to an abservant eye. She is growing into womanhood and nature's demands at this t:me are more than she can bear.

Give her a course of Dr. Williams' Pink Pills, which are renowned for their blood creating, blood enriching:

J properties, and you will soon notice a change for the better. It will show in her better temper, improved appetite, in the return of colour to her cheeks.

Delay is dangerous; give your daughter Dr. Williams' Pink Pills NOW. Obtainable from all chemists.

mary school for Christian boys has 170 youngsters. Relations with the military are excellent now, whereas 5 months ago they occupied this mission and would not receive us. (Lumen).

India Group Accounts for over 500 Converts.

Tuticorin, India.—More than 500 persons have entered the Catholic Church through the acti­vity of the Catholic Action Com­mittee here. This Committee was formed by the Most Rev. Edward P. Roche, S.J., Bishop of Tuticorin, as a result of the Catholic Action Week held here. (Lumen-NCWC.)

A LITTLE NON-CATHOLIC GIRL BAPTIZES HER FATHER.

In Ichang, Hupeh, a few non-christian girls, daughters of boat­men who ply on the Yangtse River, attend our little school of the Franciscan Sisters where they also learn catechism.

Once, a young girl, when she returned to the family junk, found her father seriously i l l and in danger of death. As she had learned how to baptize, she ex­horted her father and taught him the tenets of our Holy Religion on God, Jesus Christ, sin, heaven, hell and had the consolation to re­generate him in Holy Baptism. Soon after, her father died. Thanks to his daughter his soul was saved.—[Lumen.]

- Telephone N o . 7843.

T H E V I C T O R I A C O N F E C T I O N E R Y & S T O R E

71, V i c t o r i a Street,

S I N G A P O R E .

Wedding Cakes a Speciali ty

Assorted Cakes Maker , Tea P a r t y Supplier,

Ho t and Cold Dr inks , etc.

Proprietor JOSEPH CHONG SIN TONG

M A L A Y A CATHOLIC L E A D E R , S A T U R D A Y , M A Y 18th, 1935. 15

C a t h o l i c A f f a i r s .

E U R O P E .

German Association Conducts 5,333 Circulating Libraies

Founded some eighty years ago, the Society of St. Charles Borro-meo, with headquarters at Bonn on the Rhine, to-day conducts 5,333 circulating libraries in 4,162 communities in Germany with a total of 35,600,000 inhabitants.

These libraries contain in the aggregate 4,300,000 volumes. The circulation in one year reached 9,300,000 volumes, distributed among 517,303 readers. The So­ciety employs 15,139, persons. The total expense of the organization in the last year for whicih figures are available was 300,000.

Two-thrids of the Borromaeusve-rein libraries are situated in com­munities of less than 5,000 people. The Society, in fact, has outstrip­ped the number of public libraries in the rural sections and small towns of the country.

(Lumen-CB).

German Poet Becomes A Catholic. Berlin, March 11.—Karl Benno

von Mechow, a well-known German poet and writer, has been received into the Catholic Church. He is the author of "Das Abenteuer," " Vorsommer " and similar works, which have attracted wide and favorable attention.

(Lumen-NCWC)

Edinburgh To Hold A Eucharistic Congress In June.

Edinburgh.—The first Eucharis­tic Congress ever to be held in Scotland will take place here on June 23, 24 and 25.

On the opening day the Blessed Sacrament will be exposed all day in each of the city churches. In the evening there will be a mass meeting in the largest hall in the city.

Other details of the Congress include a service in the Cathedral for senior school children, and con­ferences in the Cathedral Hall each afternoon. On the closing night there will be a service in the open air culminating in Benediction of the Blessed Sacrament.

(Lumen-Universe).

A M E R I C A

Sisters' Soup Kitchen Provid. 500,000 Meals To Homeless Men In

1934. Montreal.—Half a million meals

were served by the Sisters of Pro­vidence in their soup kitchen in the east end of this city last year. Every day 1,150 homeless and un­employed men are given food. An appeal for funds to continue the work has been made by the Rev. Thomas J. McMahon, S.J., of Loyola College. (Lumen-NCWC)

Association Has Found Homes For 2,014 Orphans In Two Decades. Chicago.—A record of 2,014 or­

phans placed in families and 1,339 permanently adopted by their fos­ter parents is the 20-year record of the Catholic Home Finding Asso­ciation of Illinois, an activity of the Knights of Columbus, states a report made at a meeting of the Association.

In the past year alone, 61 couples in Illinois have accepted orphaned children in their homes through the efforts of this association, while 36 permanently adopted children previouslv placed writh them. (Lumen-NCWC.)

O C E A N I A .

6,000,000 Pamphlets Sold By Australian C.T.S. In Thirty Years.

Melbourne.—Since its foundation in 1904, six million publications have been sold by the Catholic Truth Society of Australia. These comprised 750 different pamphlets, catechisms, and prayer-books. One and a half million of these sales

Dutch Students' Federation Issues Year-Book.

The Hague.—The Federation of Catholic Students of the Nether­lands has just published its thirty-third Annual. This book, which is illustrated, contains reports of the Federation's officers, all affiliated local organizations, special groups of the Federation—such as mission and social action branches—and gives an account of the interna­tional Catholic students' associa­tion, the Pax Romana. Of parti­cular interest is the report on the organization of Catholic students in the Dutch East Indies.

(Lumen-NCWC).

P O R T A B L E T Y P E W R I T E R S FOR THE

f B E S T V A L U E

ATTRACTIVE COLOURS HANDSOME CARRYING C A S E

FULL 4-ROW KEYBOARD WIDE RANGE OF TYPE STYLES

A SMALL DEPOSIT SECURES IMMEDIATE DELIVERY

GUARANTEED AND SERVICED BY

IPOH PENANG

R°NE.° L T D . 3, MALACCA ST., SINGAPORE.

KUALA LUMPUR

were effected during the last five years. Most of the present Pope's encyclicals, printed as two-penny booklets, have achieved wide circu­lation.

Co-operarion is maintained with the Catholic Truth Societies of England, Ireland, and the United States. (Lumen-Universe).

A B Y S S I N I A . [In view of the tense situation

between Italy and Abyssinia, it may be of interest to our readers to know the religious back-ground of this country which claims an ancient civilisation and culture of its own bred in the bosom of the Nile.—Ed., M.C.L.].

Abyssinia has had unusual pro­minence in the press in recent months, and it has frequently been described as the only Christian empire in Africa, but there have been many inaccurate statements made about its Christianity.

An old tradition attributes the evangelisation of the country to a eunuch baptized by Philip the deacon, or even to the Apostles, SS. Barthelemy and Matthew. This is mere legend. Christianity was brought to it about the year 340 by twro young Christians of Tyre, St. Frumentius and Edesius, wrho had been made captives on the coast and were brought to the court of the king. They wron the king's favour and used their in­fluence to win converts to their Faith. The numbers influenced by them seem to have been small, and no considerable progress was made until the arrival of the "nine saints" towards the end of the fifth century. These were nine monks from Syria, and it seems likely that they were probably exiled from their country because of their attachment to the Mono-physite heresy, the heresy of Eutyches, which taught that Christ had only one nature, the divine, in which His humanity was wholly absorbed. This became the official religion of the country, and it has been preserved by people and rulers ever since, in spite of many violent persecutions from both pagans and Mussulmans. The head of their Church is called the Abuna (Arabic, our father), who is alv/ays a Coptic, that is, Egyptian, monk and is appointed and consecrated by the Coptic Patriarch of Alexandria. The liturgical language is Geez, largely a mixture of Greek and Arabic. This Church preserves many Jewish customs: Saturday, as well as Sunday, is kept holy; the Jewish laws of food and unclean meats are observed; circumcision is practised, and a feast of " our Holy Fathers, Abraham, Isaac and Jacob " is supposed to be kept once a month.

The country was for a long time completely cut off from contact with the rest of the world, and it was not penetrated by travellers from the West until the beginning of the sixteenth century, the era of Portuguese exploration. Some Jesuits entered the country and converted to the Catholic Faith a section of the people, including the king, Sisinnios, who reigned from 1607 to 1632. After his death, hostility to Catholics arose and the Jesuit missionaries had to leave the country. Later, two Capuchins, B. Agathange and B. Cassian, penetrated into it in an attempt to bring about union with Rome, but they were stoned to death by the people at Gondar, in 1638.

T H E

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The mission to the Abyssinians was then entrusted to the Augus-tinians but there were no mission­aries there after 1797. Persecu­tion reigned for a long time, until the nineteenth century when Menelek II came to the throne. Then in 1839, French Lazarists resumed the evangelisation of the country. There have been per­secutions since that time, but still there are many thousand Catholics now in Abyssinia. There are four ecclesiastical divisions, entrusted to the French Lazarists and Capuchins and to the Italian Fathers of the Consolata. Of the twelve million inhabitants only four million are Christians the rest are pagan and Musslmans.—(The Rock. May 1935).

A SECRET OF P E A C E (From the French)

"You are never in a bad temper," said a friend to one who had many trials, and yet was always cheerful.

"How do you manage it? Don't you suffer from the injustice of others and the rubs of life?"

"Yes, I do, and I feel it all very much, but I don't let it sudden me.

"Then you must have a remedy for your sufferings.?"

"I have. Would it interest you to know it.?"

"Indeed it would, and possibly your secret may help me also."

"Well, here \t is. It is very simple: Against th£* trials that come to me from others, I place Charity, Against those that come from things and circumstances, I place Piety and Humility. And in every suffering, whether physical or mental, I make use of my motto: God wills it, or allows it for rny good. My God, I thank you.

Woman — : "Do you charge for children?"

Conductor — : "Under five we don't."

Woman — : "Good I have only three."

14 M A L A Y A CATHOLIC L E A D E R , S A T U R D A Y , MAY 18th, 1935.

Catholic Affairs from Far and Near A S I A .

New Editor of Synodal Commis­sion Digest arrives in Peiping.

Peiping, April 15.—The Rev. Edward Boedefeld, O.F.M., who was appointed several months ago to take over the direction of the well-known DIGEST of the Syno­dal Commission, arrived here to­day.

Father Boedefeld comes directly from Rome, where for the last four years he has been professor of Chinese Culture and of Pastoral Mission Practice in the Franciscan College, the Antonianum. How­ever, he is by no means a stranger to China, having spent nearly twenty years in the Vicariate of Tsinanfu, Shantung, previous to his sojourn in Rome.

In his new capacity as Editor of the Digest, Father Boedefeld succeeds the Very Rev. Theodore Mittler, S.V.D., President and pio­neer of the Synodal Commission, who launched the Digest in 1928 and skilfully guided its destinies for the last seven years. More frequently referred to by its Latin name as the Collectanea, this scholarly monthly, edited in Latin, French and English, has made a name for itself in Europe as well as in China, where it serves as the official organ of the Catholic clergy. A n indefatigable worker, Father Mittler has also seen through the press most of the seventy odd publications of the Synodal Commission, being him­self the author of a series of very useful works for the study of the Chinese language. (Lumen).

Conference of Catholic Educators to be HeW at Tatung, Shansi.

Peiping.—Profiting by the re-snite afforded by Easter vacation, the Rev. Directors of the Minor Seminaries of Ningsia. Suiyuan. Tsining and Siwantze, Chahar, will hold a joint conference at the Re­gional Seminary at Tatung from Apri l 24 to 27. Rev. Joseph Rut-ten, C . L C J L , member of the Synodal Commission in Peiping, will take part in the deliberations. He is leaving Here Apri l 22r~

Such conferences of Seminary Directors are arranged from time to time with a view to securing a more perfect co-ordination of the programmes of the various semi­naries so that the spiritual forma­tion of the clerical students of these vicariates may have reached a uniform standard of excellency before they enter the Major Se­minary either in Tatung or in Rome.

The Catholic clergy have always formed part of the intellectual elite of their epoch. This is a tradition which goes back to the earliest Christian centuries, and which continued throughout the Middle Ages, when the Church not only saved Greco-Latin culture but fostered also further development of science and art by founding universities wherever her influence extended. And it holds good to­day, and every effort is being made to extend the tradition to mission countries as well. The pre­sent Pope, who takes a very spe­cial interest in China, has again and again enioined missionaries to do all in their power to provide the best possible moral literary and scientific formation for the future Chinese clergy. (Lumen).

Dom Neve, O.S.B., Arrives in Peiping.

Peiping, Apri l 17.—The Very Rev. Dom Neve, abbot of St. Andree-lez-Bruges, a Benedictine Abbey in Belgium, arrived this morning from Shanghai. He was welcomed by Rev. Dr. Paul Yu Pin, General Director of Catholic Action in China, and by a large representation of local Catholics.

Dom Neve arrived in China several months ago on a visit to the Benedictine Priory of Sishan in the Vicariate of Shunking, Szechwan.

Of special interest to China is the fact that Dom Neve is abbot of the monastery in which H . E . L u Cheng-Siang, former Minister of Foreign Affairs and Premier of China, has been living in retire­ment from the world since his conversion to the Catholic Faith and his determination to become a Benedictine. Having finished the necessary studies, Lu Cheng-Siang is to be ordained to the priesthood June 29. Dom Neve is leaving China in the near future so as to be present at the ceremony. (Lumen).

* # * * Further details concerning the slaying of Father Manrique. S.J.

Ankine. Apri l 12.—Father Man-rique^—

« l j 1T*« Whi< than twn miles from his residence at Tsingshankiao, near the Kiangsi border, when murdered by Reds on April 6, it has been learned here. Accompanied by a catechist and a servant, he was returning home after a visit to one of his Christianities. A l l three of the party were killed when beset by a small band of Communists who opened fire with revolvers at close range.

R E P U T E D M Y S O R E G O V E R N M E N T P R O D U C T S . F R O M T H E H O M E O F T H E G E N U I N E S A N D A L W O O D

( S a n t a l u m A l b u m L i n n e . )

M Y S O R E S A N D A L W O O D O I L B*P. ft VSJL STANDARDS.

RECOGNISED AS THE FINEST, PUREST AND AS THE STANDARD OF QUALITY BY THE LEADING AUTHORITIES

THE WORLD OVER.

F O R Q U A L I T Y F O R P U R I T Y F O R E C O N O M Y USE

M Y S O R E S A N D A L S O A P A SUPREME TOILET SOAP. . . . DELICATELY PERFUMED WITH

THE WORLD'S BEST SANDAL OIL. MATCHLESS FOR BEAUTY AND COMPLEXION.

OBTAINABLE EVERYWHERE Selling Agents:—

N A R A Y A N A S W A M Y & S O N S , 43, Selegie Road, Singapore. S.S.

Father Joachim Martinez Man­rique was a native of Spain, born in 1897 in the diocese of Oviedo in the Province of Leon. He entered the Jesuit Society in 1915 and came to China in 1930. After studying the language for some time, he was given the direction of the Mission of Shucheng, Anh-wei, where he snent 3 years. He was only recently transferred to Tsingshankiao and had taken po-session of his new district only about two weeks when death over­took him.

Father Manrique was greatly loved by the Chinese. He was a fervent religious, whose ardent zeal appeared to grow rather than diminish in face of the many dif­ficulties and dangers of the past few years. (Lumen).

* * # * News from Kanchow Vicariate.

Sinfeng, Kiangsi.—Some inter­esting happenings came in the wake of Father Bravo's release. On February 8 a Communist General and several other officers were captured and-brought to this city. That night the Red General sent a messenger to inquire if he could see Father Bravo. We re­plied that we should be glad to receive him. However, he was un­able to come that night. Next morning another messenger came to ask if Father Bravo would go over to see the General. We re­plied in the negative because the General was under guard in a house of ill fame. Father Bravo left that day for Kanchow and the General and four other officers were taken to Army Headquarters in Tayu. Word has since come that all five were executed.

A few days after Father Bravo's departure for Kanchow and Hong Kong, a young ex-Communist, a native of Shansi, came to the Mis­sion looking for him. Four years ago he had been a northern sol­dier. He had been captured by the Reds and turned Communist to save his life. He had befriended Father Bravo during the latter's captivity and after his release had managed to escape with his gun. for which reason he was not held by the soldiers. As he is very clever with the paint-brush, we have temporarily put him to work here and will give him some money later on to help him get back to Shansi.

Priests have been able to return to Ningtu, Yutu, and Hingkwo af­ter an absence of four years. The Hingkwo mission was entirely de­stroyed by the Communists and the other two missions badly damaged. To restore the several wrecked missions more than $200,000 would be needed. Our catechumenate is full and our pri-

" Can't Get On With Mother !» Girls more to be pitied than blamed.

A mother speaking of her seventeen year old daughter said, "She seems to be so irritable and peevish lately, I don't know what is the matter with her."

It is astonishing the number of girls of this age who 'Can't get on with mother/ They are fretful, cross, pale, complain of headaches,—a sad contrast to the bright girls they were a year or two ago.

Those backaches, languor, breath-lessness, irritability, tell the whole story to an abservant eye. She is growing into womanhood and nature's demands at this t:me are more than she can bear.

Give her a course of Dr. Williams' Pink Pills, which are renowned for their blood creating, blood enriching:

J properties, and you will soon notice a change for the better. It will show in her better temper, improved appetite, in the return of colour to her cheeks.

Delay is dangerous; give your daughter Dr. Williams' Pink Pills NOW. Obtainable from all chemists.

mary school for Christian boys has 170 youngsters. Relations with the military are excellent now, whereas 5 months ago they occupied this mission and would not receive us. (Lumen).

India Group Accounts for over 500 Converts.

Tuticorin, India.—More than 500 persons have entered the Catholic Church through the acti­vity of the Catholic Action Com­mittee here. This Committee was formed by the Most Rev. Edward P. Roche, S.J., Bishop of Tuticorin, as a result of the Catholic Action Week held here. (Lumen-NCWC.)

A LITTLE NON-CATHOLIC GIRL BAPTIZES HER FATHER.

In Ichang, Hupeh, a few non-christian girls, daughters of boat­men who ply on the Yangtse River, attend our little school of the Franciscan Sisters where they also learn catechism.

Once, a young girl, when she returned to the family junk, found her father seriously i l l and in danger of death. As she had learned how to baptize, she ex­horted her father and taught him the tenets of our Holy Religion on God, Jesus Christ, sin, heaven, hell and had the consolation to re­generate him in Holy Baptism. Soon after, her father died. Thanks to his daughter his soul was saved.—[Lumen.]

- Telephone N o . 7843.

T H E V I C T O R I A C O N F E C T I O N E R Y & S T O R E

71, V i c t o r i a Street,

S I N G A P O R E .

Wedding Cakes a Speciali ty

Assorted Cakes Maker , Tea P a r t y Supplier,

Ho t and Cold Dr inks , etc.

Proprietor JOSEPH CHONG SIN TONG

M A L A Y A CATHOLIC L E A D E R , S A T U R D A Y , M A Y 18th, 1935. 15

C a t h o l i c A f f a i r s .

E U R O P E .

German Association Conducts 5,333 Circulating Libraies

Founded some eighty years ago, the Society of St. Charles Borro-meo, with headquarters at Bonn on the Rhine, to-day conducts 5,333 circulating libraries in 4,162 communities in Germany with a total of 35,600,000 inhabitants.

These libraries contain in the aggregate 4,300,000 volumes. The circulation in one year reached 9,300,000 volumes, distributed among 517,303 readers. The So­ciety employs 15,139, persons. The total expense of the organization in the last year for whicih figures are available was 300,000.

Two-thrids of the Borromaeusve-rein libraries are situated in com­munities of less than 5,000 people. The Society, in fact, has outstrip­ped the number of public libraries in the rural sections and small towns of the country.

(Lumen-CB).

German Poet Becomes A Catholic. Berlin, March 11.—Karl Benno

von Mechow, a well-known German poet and writer, has been received into the Catholic Church. He is the author of "Das Abenteuer," " Vorsommer " and similar works, which have attracted wide and favorable attention.

(Lumen-NCWC)

Edinburgh To Hold A Eucharistic Congress In June.

Edinburgh.—The first Eucharis­tic Congress ever to be held in Scotland will take place here on June 23, 24 and 25.

On the opening day the Blessed Sacrament will be exposed all day in each of the city churches. In the evening there will be a mass meeting in the largest hall in the city.

Other details of the Congress include a service in the Cathedral for senior school children, and con­ferences in the Cathedral Hall each afternoon. On the closing night there will be a service in the open air culminating in Benediction of the Blessed Sacrament.

(Lumen-Universe).

A M E R I C A

Sisters' Soup Kitchen Provid. 500,000 Meals To Homeless Men In

1934. Montreal.—Half a million meals

were served by the Sisters of Pro­vidence in their soup kitchen in the east end of this city last year. Every day 1,150 homeless and un­employed men are given food. An appeal for funds to continue the work has been made by the Rev. Thomas J. McMahon, S.J., of Loyola College. (Lumen-NCWC)

Association Has Found Homes For 2,014 Orphans In Two Decades. Chicago.—A record of 2,014 or­

phans placed in families and 1,339 permanently adopted by their fos­ter parents is the 20-year record of the Catholic Home Finding Asso­ciation of Illinois, an activity of the Knights of Columbus, states a report made at a meeting of the Association.

In the past year alone, 61 couples in Illinois have accepted orphaned children in their homes through the efforts of this association, while 36 permanently adopted children previouslv placed writh them. (Lumen-NCWC.)

O C E A N I A .

6,000,000 Pamphlets Sold By Australian C.T.S. In Thirty Years.

Melbourne.—Since its foundation in 1904, six million publications have been sold by the Catholic Truth Society of Australia. These comprised 750 different pamphlets, catechisms, and prayer-books. One and a half million of these sales

Dutch Students' Federation Issues Year-Book.

The Hague.—The Federation of Catholic Students of the Nether­lands has just published its thirty-third Annual. This book, which is illustrated, contains reports of the Federation's officers, all affiliated local organizations, special groups of the Federation—such as mission and social action branches—and gives an account of the interna­tional Catholic students' associa­tion, the Pax Romana. Of parti­cular interest is the report on the organization of Catholic students in the Dutch East Indies.

(Lumen-NCWC).

P O R T A B L E T Y P E W R I T E R S FOR THE

f B E S T V A L U E

ATTRACTIVE COLOURS HANDSOME CARRYING C A S E

FULL 4-ROW KEYBOARD WIDE RANGE OF TYPE STYLES

A SMALL DEPOSIT SECURES IMMEDIATE DELIVERY

GUARANTEED AND SERVICED BY

IPOH PENANG

R°NE.° L T D . 3, MALACCA ST., SINGAPORE.

KUALA LUMPUR

were effected during the last five years. Most of the present Pope's encyclicals, printed as two-penny booklets, have achieved wide circu­lation.

Co-operarion is maintained with the Catholic Truth Societies of England, Ireland, and the United States. (Lumen-Universe).

A B Y S S I N I A . [In view of the tense situation

between Italy and Abyssinia, it may be of interest to our readers to know the religious back-ground of this country which claims an ancient civilisation and culture of its own bred in the bosom of the Nile.—Ed., M.C.L.].

Abyssinia has had unusual pro­minence in the press in recent months, and it has frequently been described as the only Christian empire in Africa, but there have been many inaccurate statements made about its Christianity.

An old tradition attributes the evangelisation of the country to a eunuch baptized by Philip the deacon, or even to the Apostles, SS. Barthelemy and Matthew. This is mere legend. Christianity was brought to it about the year 340 by twro young Christians of Tyre, St. Frumentius and Edesius, wrho had been made captives on the coast and were brought to the court of the king. They wron the king's favour and used their in­fluence to win converts to their Faith. The numbers influenced by them seem to have been small, and no considerable progress was made until the arrival of the "nine saints" towards the end of the fifth century. These were nine monks from Syria, and it seems likely that they were probably exiled from their country because of their attachment to the Mono-physite heresy, the heresy of Eutyches, which taught that Christ had only one nature, the divine, in which His humanity was wholly absorbed. This became the official religion of the country, and it has been preserved by people and rulers ever since, in spite of many violent persecutions from both pagans and Mussulmans. The head of their Church is called the Abuna (Arabic, our father), who is alv/ays a Coptic, that is, Egyptian, monk and is appointed and consecrated by the Coptic Patriarch of Alexandria. The liturgical language is Geez, largely a mixture of Greek and Arabic. This Church preserves many Jewish customs: Saturday, as well as Sunday, is kept holy; the Jewish laws of food and unclean meats are observed; circumcision is practised, and a feast of " our Holy Fathers, Abraham, Isaac and Jacob " is supposed to be kept once a month.

The country was for a long time completely cut off from contact with the rest of the world, and it was not penetrated by travellers from the West until the beginning of the sixteenth century, the era of Portuguese exploration. Some Jesuits entered the country and converted to the Catholic Faith a section of the people, including the king, Sisinnios, who reigned from 1607 to 1632. After his death, hostility to Catholics arose and the Jesuit missionaries had to leave the country. Later, two Capuchins, B. Agathange and B. Cassian, penetrated into it in an attempt to bring about union with Rome, but they were stoned to death by the people at Gondar, in 1638.

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The mission to the Abyssinians was then entrusted to the Augus-tinians but there were no mission­aries there after 1797. Persecu­tion reigned for a long time, until the nineteenth century when Menelek II came to the throne. Then in 1839, French Lazarists resumed the evangelisation of the country. There have been per­secutions since that time, but still there are many thousand Catholics now in Abyssinia. There are four ecclesiastical divisions, entrusted to the French Lazarists and Capuchins and to the Italian Fathers of the Consolata. Of the twelve million inhabitants only four million are Christians the rest are pagan and Musslmans.—(The Rock. May 1935).

A SECRET OF P E A C E (From the French)

"You are never in a bad temper," said a friend to one who had many trials, and yet was always cheerful.

"How do you manage it? Don't you suffer from the injustice of others and the rubs of life?"

"Yes, I do, and I feel it all very much, but I don't let it sudden me.

"Then you must have a remedy for your sufferings.?"

"I have. Would it interest you to know it.?"

"Indeed it would, and possibly your secret may help me also."

"Well, here \t is. It is very simple: Against th£* trials that come to me from others, I place Charity, Against those that come from things and circumstances, I place Piety and Humility. And in every suffering, whether physical or mental, I make use of my motto: God wills it, or allows it for rny good. My God, I thank you.

Woman — : "Do you charge for children?"

Conductor — : "Under five we don't."

Woman — : "Good I have only three."

16 M A L A Y A CATHOLIC L E A D E R , SATURDAY, M A Y 18th, 1935.

S P O R T S N O T E S

C A T H O L I C S I N T H E L I M E L I G H T .

(By Our Own Correspondent.)

S O C C E R .

The Catholics who were selected to play last Thursday for the S.A.F.A. against the Combined Services at the Anson Road stadium covered themselves with credit. N . Hay (centre half); Keng Hock (centre forward) and G. Valberg (inside left) played most attractively. Hay was a tower of strength and wrecked countless attacks by the military forwards. He never tired and was as effective at the end as at the commencement. With John Then's ankle troubling him now and again Hay we think will be Singapore's 1935 centre half.

Chia Keng Hock and Valberg were utterly unselfish. The for­mer again and again plied passes here and there and not once at­tempted to score on his own when another was more favourably positioned.

Keng Hock was a trier from start to finish and makes a most excellent leader.

Valberg was nervous at the start but overcoming this attack he combined really well with Noor and Keng Hock.

We notice that Clement de Silva has been selected as Selangor's centre half in the Malaya Cup match against the Burma Rifles at Kuala Lumpur.

C R I C K E T . For S.C.R.C. vs. Non-Benders at

cricket H . Boon took 3 wickets for only 11 runs. Chia Keng Hock scored 31 runs and was then given out l.b.w. to Sir Shenton Thomas, the bowler.

E. McCreanor, appearing for the Merchants against the Etcetras in a Tournament cricket fixture, was the only batsman on his side to stop the rot. He was also the only one to reach double figures, scoring 29 of which 4 were boundaries.

James Edwards (4 for 24); and Philip D'Almeida (3 for 7) helped to scuttle the Ceylon Sports Club batsmen out for 118 runs. In spite of this and of Malcolm Orr's gallant 21 runs, the S.R.C. was defeated.

Felix de Silva of Seremban deserves high praise for his plucky effort at a crisis when Negri Sembilan met Selangor at Kuala Lumpur last week-end in an Inter State encounter. 46 in the 1st innings and 40 in the 2nd is extra­ordinarily good especially when wickets all around were falling. Dionysius the Selangor bowler captured 4 for 30 and 3 for 22.

* * * * F. Chonard's 32 runs and C.

Pereira's 6 wickets for 62 runs enabled the N.C.C. to defeat St. Andrew's School. In addition Chonard stumped ouut four bats­men.

Although selected to represent the Negri against Selangor at

GRAND DISPLAY of

THE VERY LATEST in

CLOCKS & WATCHES NOW ON

5fou are cordially invited to inspect the Wide Range on view.

Moderately Priced. Y I C K W O H H I N G

429. North Bridge Road. (Near Middle Road).

T I C I R S

cricket last week A. Chapman, of St. Paul's, Seremban was un­fortunately unable to produce sufficiently good form to make a big score. >: ^ i M

A N N U A L REUNION OF THE CHRISTIAN BROTHERS OLD

BOYS' ASSOCIATION. On Wednesday 15th, at the

G. H . Cafe, in Singapore, was held the first annual reunion din­ner of the Christian Brothers Old Boys' Association, formerly known as the St. Joseph's Institution Old Boys' Association. No less than 165 guests of 17 nationalities, from 20 different Brothers' Schools had gathered together on this occasion.

Among the guests of note were H. Exc. Dr. A . Devals, Bishop of Malacca the Hon. F. J . Morten, Director of Education; Mr. H. R. Cheeseman, Inspector of Schools; Mr. McEnelly, United States Con­sul in Singapore; etc.

Mr. A. J . Braga first proposed the toast of the Pope and the King and then pledged the health and success of the Brothers. He said that for many reasons, especially now that there were two Brothers* Institutions in Singapore instead of one, it had seemed desirable to change the name of the Associa­tion. • \

And Reminding the gathering that this very day was the feast day of St. John-Baptist de La Salle, Founder of the Christian Brothers, he went on :

" As I have said, from year to year, presiding at these functions, these men have left home and country and endured innumerable hardships in looking after our spiritual welfare in all the four corners of the world," "and it cer­tainly must be a great pleasure to the Brothers to see their old schoolboys launched out into the world, each among the best in his particular sphere, doing good by the advice imparted to them by the Brothers.

I see gathered here to-night a number of Old Boys who have dis­tinguished themselves in their spheres. I see many doctors—why there should be so many in this country I don't know—and then, of course, we have the lawyers— we can't do without them!

"We also have, as I look around quite a number of architects, engineers, accountants, artists, and, last but not least, our under­taker. Since Mr. Webb decided on his undertaking business in Singa­pore he must have realised that there are more doctors here now. He knows that lawyers' mistakes

DI/TRIBUTOR/ FOR

T I G E R E E R

KfcAVS 1 7 ? stand six feet above ground. Doc­tors' mistakes lie six feet below ground.

"Some of us, of course, have been more fortunate than others, but I am sure that each one of you is proud of being an Old Boy of the Christian Brothers. We realise the benefits that have be­fallen us through them?

"The Christian Brothers have many virtues, but they also have their weaknesses. Brother Ste­phen's weakness is vanity. When I came out here from Hong Kong in 1914 or '15 he wore a b^ard, because, as a director of St. Joseph's he wanted to look older than he was. I must say, how­ever, he looked terrible with it, and I am sure he wants to look younger now and has shorn his beard! . . ."

Brother Augustus, director of St. Joseph's Institution, replying expressed his pleasure at seeing such a large gathering of Old Boys from all parts of the world where are to be found Schools supervised by Christian Brothers, working "with beards or without, and building the foundation of that Christian spirit which morally in-flueunces people to live together whatever be their nationality or race or social standing. . . .

"We don't interfere with the re-legion of our pupils," Brother Augustus said, "but our moral influence is there. It is the same influence as that which made Sin­gapore celebrate the Silver Jubi­lee of His Majesty the King in such peacefulness and with such absence of crime and disturbance that His Excellency the Governor has written his appreciation of it to the president of the Muni­cipality and to the police.

"We Brothers work for no other end but that in this world—to make our boys loyal citizens of the State and useful members of society."

Mr. Morten replied to the toast of the guests proposed by Mr. C. H. da Silva, and proclaimed the large representative gathering at dinner, signified the same spirit as that which spelt unity among the many races of the British Em­pire.

There were several witty speech­es delivered which kept everybody in laughter to the end. Among the speakers were Brohter Stephen, Director of St. Patrick's Institu­tion who took his full revenge for the attacks of Mr. Braga on his beard, Mr. C. 0. Lim, Mr. Cheese-man, Mr. McEnelly and H. Exc. Dr. Devals..

17

General Jottings of the Week

By Our Own Correspondent

JUBILEE WEEK CELEBRATIONS CONCERTS.

One noticed with pleasure at the Patriotic Concerts arranged by the Singapore Musical Society in the Victoria Memorial Hall in Jubilee week that the late Sir Edward Elgar, the great Master of the King's Music was very much in demand. The first part of the Concert consisted of Elgar's ballad; The Banner of St. George'.

The Coronation Ode was also by Elgar.

ATTRACTIONS FOR THE YOUNG.

On Saturday 11th the Art Exhi­bition was continued. The Boy Scouts built a huge pile of rubber trees on the old Race Course and then set to work to light a huge bonfire of it and this took two hours to blaze.

* * * * The Eurasian children spent a

glorious evening on the S.R.C. field at a specially arranged fete. On Monday 13th children from all Chinese Boy's Schools disported themselves at the New World from 3 to 6 p.m.

* * * * The British Trade Fair at the

Great World was somewhat over­shadowed by other Jubilee items but continued to function and the crowds there are as thick as bees. The multiple illumina­tions and decorations on sea and shore turned the town into a verit­able fairyland. Four large twakows were decorated and illu­minated on the water-front of the Esplanade.

* * * *

The Traction Company allowed one of its buses to get itself speciaiiy decorated. The chosen design—a huge crown made a magnificent picture and evoked applause wherever it passed.

COLOURFUL P A G E A N T S . A N D FAIRS.

On Tuesday 7th May at 2.17 a.m. and 7.10 a.m. there was a 'Re-broadcast' on the Padang of the King's message to his subjects.

At 2 p.m. commencing from in front of Jalan Besar Stadium a Moslem Pageant and Procession wended its way to the Padang. This procession included contin­gents representing the Kampongs of the island and marched under distinctive standards, while a series of 25 or 30 Lorry Pictures was produced by Moslem Military and civil clubs and associations. This Pageant was truly beautiful and impressed all who witnessed rt. At the Padang there was an exhibition, produced by twenty societies, consisting of various eastern games. Unfortunately a rain cloud burst and put an end to a marvellously interesting show.

That night at 7 p.m. the Lant-r ? * > r c c e s s * o n organised by the Chinese Chamber of Commerce took place. It commenced from Ciiho-d P?pr nnd proceeded through Government House bounds to Hill Street where it

dispersed after passing the Chinese Chamber of Commerce Building. This affair was most spectacular but very monotonous in parts. It was easily three miles long and took hours to finish. On Wednesday 8th at the New World, Jalan Besar, a Children's Jubilee Fair was staged for pupils of all girls' schools, Government Feeder Schools, Gan Eng Seng School, and Malay Boys' Schools. From 3 to 6 p.m. these girls thoroughly enjoyed themselves and overwork­ed the poor teachers who were placed in charge.

Fireworks Display. Fireworks by the Chettiar Com­

munity followed at 9 p.m. on Raffles Reclamation. The famous Silver Car journeyed to and from Raffles Reclamation ground.

Fireworks by the Singapore Japanese Society endel disastrous­ly for quite a number of by-stand-ers.

On Thursday 9th May the Katong Schools were entertained to a most amusing programme of shorts and cartoons at the Roxy Theatre, East Coast Road.

Children's Church Parade. Children's Church Parades were

held at the St. Andrew's and Good Shepherd Cathedrals respectively. The cadets of St. Joseph's Institu­tion and Scouts of St. Anthony's Boys' School participated and Mgr. Devals, our Bishop presided.

A Charity Jubilee Football game between the S.A.F.A. and the Malaya Command was played at the Anson Road. The Charity game ended in a win for the former side. A Patriotic Concert by the Singapore Musical Society at the Victoria Memorial Hall dr(\' a vast and appreciative audience.

Friday 10th: Saw a huge crowd of over 8,000 boys from all re­maining schools except Chinese ones gather at the New World, to have the time of their lives.

Jubilee Spirit In Catholic Schools. The Catholic Schools in Singa­

pore spent a wonderful 'Jubilee' week and will hardly every forget the many and various entertain­ments arranged for their enjoy­ment.

Perhaps it is not out of place to mention briefly here the names of the local Catholic schools.

For Boys: Saint Joseph's Institu­tion Bras Basah Road; Saint Anthony's Boys' School, Victoria Street; Saint Patrick's School, East Coast Road; The Holy Innocents' Shool, Upper Serangoon Road.

For Girls: The Convent of the Holy Infant Jesus, Vic­toria Street; The Ca-nossian C o n v e n t , Middle Road; The Convent of the Holy Infant Jesus, Tanjong Katong; The Convent of the Holy Infant Jesus, Upper Seran­goon.

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Monday 6th, Wednesday 8th, and Friday 10th were declared full holidays while on Tuesday 7th and Thursday 9th no class work was permitted with the re­sult that sports heats were held, and suitable stories of the King and Queen and the Silver Jubilee were related to the pupils. Even May 13th was given up to very little classwork and as most male teachers had to do duty at he New World all schools closed at midday except the Convents. Monday 6th —Jubilee Day—began with a won­derful ceremonial parade on the Padang. Thousands of school children curtailed their sleeping hours to be in time and quite a goodly number left their homes with very empty insides thus risking privations just to be able to enjoy the sights. The Cadets of St. Joseph's performed most creditably in the March Past and so did the Eurasian and Chinese volunteer units which are mainly composed of Catholics.

GOVERNMENT HOUSE P A R T Y . At 5 p.m. at Government House

a Garden Party was given by His Excellency the Governor and Lady Thomas. Well over a thousand guests occupied seats on the spacious lawn in front of the Re­sidence of the First gentleman of Malaya. Our Bishop and the Directors of St. Joseph's and St. Patrick's Schools were present.

His Lordship Adresses Youth on Loyalty.

At the Thanksgiving Service in the Cathedral of the Good Shepherd on Thursday 9th at 5 p.m. an appropriate address was delivered by His Lordship, Mgr. Devals. The objects of the service were explained and referred to His Majesty's speech on the oc­casion of the 25th anniversary of his accession, when he expressed his confidence in the younger generation.

The service was choral and end­ed with the National Anthem. The full Scout Troop, of St. Anthony's and the entire Cadet Corps of St. Joseph's filled the Cathedral.

* * * * Catholics on the Collection Com­

mittee for the Silver Jubilee Fund are: Messrs. G. Shelley, A . J. Braga and E. H . Valberg.

RETIRED M A L A Y A N CIVIL SERVANT'S SON WEDS.

Mr. Geoffrey Noel, son of Mr. Oliver Marks C.M.G., Secretary of the Association of British Malaya and of Mrs. Marks, was married on Saturday 27th April to Miss Annette Yvonne Dottridge.

The ceremony took place at the famous Catholic Centre of worship St. James' Church, Spanish Place. Rev. Father Fair-hall officiated. The bride was given away by her father. There were two train bearers in mediaeval costumes. The honeymoon was spent on the Italian Riviera. Among the guests were Sir Ed­ward and Lady Brockman.

A BUDDING ORATOR. A Catholic student from Bom­

bay won the All-India Inter-Col­legiate oratorical contest, held under the auspices of the Benares Hindu University.

CARDINAL O'CONNELL HONOURED.

In token of his wrork for reli­gious tolerance, Cardinal O'Con-nell of Boston, U.S.A., has been nominated by the 'Jewish Ad­vocate' for the Gottheil Medal. This is an annual award to the American 'who has done most for Jewry and Judaism " during the year.

SIR A. F L E M I N G . The octogenarian inventor, Sir

Ambrose Fleming, who quite, recently took a firm stand against pseudo-scientists who pin undying faith to the theories of Charles Darwin and who endeavour to pass off these theories as proven facts—has been presented with the coveted Kelvin Medal on behalf of the Electrical Institute for elect­rical research.

We congratulate him from the bottom of our hearts for the well merited honour conferred on him and for his very recent attack, upon the unbelieving and egotisti­cal type of scientist.

Ramon Navarro, who a*)penred at the Capitol Theatre in ' The Night is Young,' is a very devout Catholic whose brother and sister are priest and nun respectively.

16 M A L A Y A CATHOLIC L E A D E R , SATURDAY, M A Y 18th, 1935.

S P O R T S N O T E S

C A T H O L I C S I N T H E L I M E L I G H T .

(By Our Own Correspondent.)

S O C C E R .

The Catholics who were selected to play last Thursday for the S.A.F.A. against the Combined Services at the Anson Road stadium covered themselves with credit. N . Hay (centre half); Keng Hock (centre forward) and G. Valberg (inside left) played most attractively. Hay was a tower of strength and wrecked countless attacks by the military forwards. He never tired and was as effective at the end as at the commencement. With John Then's ankle troubling him now and again Hay we think will be Singapore's 1935 centre half.

Chia Keng Hock and Valberg were utterly unselfish. The for­mer again and again plied passes here and there and not once at­tempted to score on his own when another was more favourably positioned.

Keng Hock was a trier from start to finish and makes a most excellent leader.

Valberg was nervous at the start but overcoming this attack he combined really well with Noor and Keng Hock.

We notice that Clement de Silva has been selected as Selangor's centre half in the Malaya Cup match against the Burma Rifles at Kuala Lumpur.

C R I C K E T . For S.C.R.C. vs. Non-Benders at

cricket H . Boon took 3 wickets for only 11 runs. Chia Keng Hock scored 31 runs and was then given out l.b.w. to Sir Shenton Thomas, the bowler.

E. McCreanor, appearing for the Merchants against the Etcetras in a Tournament cricket fixture, was the only batsman on his side to stop the rot. He was also the only one to reach double figures, scoring 29 of which 4 were boundaries.

James Edwards (4 for 24); and Philip D'Almeida (3 for 7) helped to scuttle the Ceylon Sports Club batsmen out for 118 runs. In spite of this and of Malcolm Orr's gallant 21 runs, the S.R.C. was defeated.

Felix de Silva of Seremban deserves high praise for his plucky effort at a crisis when Negri Sembilan met Selangor at Kuala Lumpur last week-end in an Inter State encounter. 46 in the 1st innings and 40 in the 2nd is extra­ordinarily good especially when wickets all around were falling. Dionysius the Selangor bowler captured 4 for 30 and 3 for 22.

* * * * F. Chonard's 32 runs and C.

Pereira's 6 wickets for 62 runs enabled the N.C.C. to defeat St. Andrew's School. In addition Chonard stumped ouut four bats­men.

Although selected to represent the Negri against Selangor at

GRAND DISPLAY of

THE VERY LATEST in

CLOCKS & WATCHES NOW ON

5fou are cordially invited to inspect the Wide Range on view.

Moderately Priced. Y I C K W O H H I N G

429. North Bridge Road. (Near Middle Road).

T I C I R S

cricket last week A. Chapman, of St. Paul's, Seremban was un­fortunately unable to produce sufficiently good form to make a big score. >: ^ i M

A N N U A L REUNION OF THE CHRISTIAN BROTHERS OLD

BOYS' ASSOCIATION. On Wednesday 15th, at the

G. H . Cafe, in Singapore, was held the first annual reunion din­ner of the Christian Brothers Old Boys' Association, formerly known as the St. Joseph's Institution Old Boys' Association. No less than 165 guests of 17 nationalities, from 20 different Brothers' Schools had gathered together on this occasion.

Among the guests of note were H. Exc. Dr. A . Devals, Bishop of Malacca the Hon. F. J . Morten, Director of Education; Mr. H. R. Cheeseman, Inspector of Schools; Mr. McEnelly, United States Con­sul in Singapore; etc.

Mr. A. J . Braga first proposed the toast of the Pope and the King and then pledged the health and success of the Brothers. He said that for many reasons, especially now that there were two Brothers* Institutions in Singapore instead of one, it had seemed desirable to change the name of the Associa­tion. • \

And Reminding the gathering that this very day was the feast day of St. John-Baptist de La Salle, Founder of the Christian Brothers, he went on :

" As I have said, from year to year, presiding at these functions, these men have left home and country and endured innumerable hardships in looking after our spiritual welfare in all the four corners of the world," "and it cer­tainly must be a great pleasure to the Brothers to see their old schoolboys launched out into the world, each among the best in his particular sphere, doing good by the advice imparted to them by the Brothers.

I see gathered here to-night a number of Old Boys who have dis­tinguished themselves in their spheres. I see many doctors—why there should be so many in this country I don't know—and then, of course, we have the lawyers— we can't do without them!

"We also have, as I look around quite a number of architects, engineers, accountants, artists, and, last but not least, our under­taker. Since Mr. Webb decided on his undertaking business in Singa­pore he must have realised that there are more doctors here now. He knows that lawyers' mistakes

DI/TRIBUTOR/ FOR

T I G E R E E R

KfcAVS 1 7 ? stand six feet above ground. Doc­tors' mistakes lie six feet below ground.

"Some of us, of course, have been more fortunate than others, but I am sure that each one of you is proud of being an Old Boy of the Christian Brothers. We realise the benefits that have be­fallen us through them?

"The Christian Brothers have many virtues, but they also have their weaknesses. Brother Ste­phen's weakness is vanity. When I came out here from Hong Kong in 1914 or '15 he wore a b^ard, because, as a director of St. Joseph's he wanted to look older than he was. I must say, how­ever, he looked terrible with it, and I am sure he wants to look younger now and has shorn his beard! . . ."

Brother Augustus, director of St. Joseph's Institution, replying expressed his pleasure at seeing such a large gathering of Old Boys from all parts of the world where are to be found Schools supervised by Christian Brothers, working "with beards or without, and building the foundation of that Christian spirit which morally in-flueunces people to live together whatever be their nationality or race or social standing. . . .

"We don't interfere with the re-legion of our pupils," Brother Augustus said, "but our moral influence is there. It is the same influence as that which made Sin­gapore celebrate the Silver Jubi­lee of His Majesty the King in such peacefulness and with such absence of crime and disturbance that His Excellency the Governor has written his appreciation of it to the president of the Muni­cipality and to the police.

"We Brothers work for no other end but that in this world—to make our boys loyal citizens of the State and useful members of society."

Mr. Morten replied to the toast of the guests proposed by Mr. C. H. da Silva, and proclaimed the large representative gathering at dinner, signified the same spirit as that which spelt unity among the many races of the British Em­pire.

There were several witty speech­es delivered which kept everybody in laughter to the end. Among the speakers were Brohter Stephen, Director of St. Patrick's Institu­tion who took his full revenge for the attacks of Mr. Braga on his beard, Mr. C. 0. Lim, Mr. Cheese-man, Mr. McEnelly and H. Exc. Dr. Devals..

17

General Jottings of the Week

By Our Own Correspondent

JUBILEE WEEK CELEBRATIONS CONCERTS.

One noticed with pleasure at the Patriotic Concerts arranged by the Singapore Musical Society in the Victoria Memorial Hall in Jubilee week that the late Sir Edward Elgar, the great Master of the King's Music was very much in demand. The first part of the Concert consisted of Elgar's ballad; The Banner of St. George'.

The Coronation Ode was also by Elgar.

ATTRACTIONS FOR THE YOUNG.

On Saturday 11th the Art Exhi­bition was continued. The Boy Scouts built a huge pile of rubber trees on the old Race Course and then set to work to light a huge bonfire of it and this took two hours to blaze.

* * * * The Eurasian children spent a

glorious evening on the S.R.C. field at a specially arranged fete. On Monday 13th children from all Chinese Boy's Schools disported themselves at the New World from 3 to 6 p.m.

* * * * The British Trade Fair at the

Great World was somewhat over­shadowed by other Jubilee items but continued to function and the crowds there are as thick as bees. The multiple illumina­tions and decorations on sea and shore turned the town into a verit­able fairyland. Four large twakows were decorated and illu­minated on the water-front of the Esplanade.

* * * *

The Traction Company allowed one of its buses to get itself speciaiiy decorated. The chosen design—a huge crown made a magnificent picture and evoked applause wherever it passed.

COLOURFUL P A G E A N T S . A N D FAIRS.

On Tuesday 7th May at 2.17 a.m. and 7.10 a.m. there was a 'Re-broadcast' on the Padang of the King's message to his subjects.

At 2 p.m. commencing from in front of Jalan Besar Stadium a Moslem Pageant and Procession wended its way to the Padang. This procession included contin­gents representing the Kampongs of the island and marched under distinctive standards, while a series of 25 or 30 Lorry Pictures was produced by Moslem Military and civil clubs and associations. This Pageant was truly beautiful and impressed all who witnessed rt. At the Padang there was an exhibition, produced by twenty societies, consisting of various eastern games. Unfortunately a rain cloud burst and put an end to a marvellously interesting show.

That night at 7 p.m. the Lant-r ? * > r c c e s s * o n organised by the Chinese Chamber of Commerce took place. It commenced from Ciiho-d P?pr nnd proceeded through Government House bounds to Hill Street where it

dispersed after passing the Chinese Chamber of Commerce Building. This affair was most spectacular but very monotonous in parts. It was easily three miles long and took hours to finish. On Wednesday 8th at the New World, Jalan Besar, a Children's Jubilee Fair was staged for pupils of all girls' schools, Government Feeder Schools, Gan Eng Seng School, and Malay Boys' Schools. From 3 to 6 p.m. these girls thoroughly enjoyed themselves and overwork­ed the poor teachers who were placed in charge.

Fireworks Display. Fireworks by the Chettiar Com­

munity followed at 9 p.m. on Raffles Reclamation. The famous Silver Car journeyed to and from Raffles Reclamation ground.

Fireworks by the Singapore Japanese Society endel disastrous­ly for quite a number of by-stand-ers.

On Thursday 9th May the Katong Schools were entertained to a most amusing programme of shorts and cartoons at the Roxy Theatre, East Coast Road.

Children's Church Parade. Children's Church Parades were

held at the St. Andrew's and Good Shepherd Cathedrals respectively. The cadets of St. Joseph's Institu­tion and Scouts of St. Anthony's Boys' School participated and Mgr. Devals, our Bishop presided.

A Charity Jubilee Football game between the S.A.F.A. and the Malaya Command was played at the Anson Road. The Charity game ended in a win for the former side. A Patriotic Concert by the Singapore Musical Society at the Victoria Memorial Hall dr(\' a vast and appreciative audience.

Friday 10th: Saw a huge crowd of over 8,000 boys from all re­maining schools except Chinese ones gather at the New World, to have the time of their lives.

Jubilee Spirit In Catholic Schools. The Catholic Schools in Singa­

pore spent a wonderful 'Jubilee' week and will hardly every forget the many and various entertain­ments arranged for their enjoy­ment.

Perhaps it is not out of place to mention briefly here the names of the local Catholic schools.

For Boys: Saint Joseph's Institu­tion Bras Basah Road; Saint Anthony's Boys' School, Victoria Street; Saint Patrick's School, East Coast Road; The Holy Innocents' Shool, Upper Serangoon Road.

For Girls: The Convent of the Holy Infant Jesus, Vic­toria Street; The Ca-nossian C o n v e n t , Middle Road; The Convent of the Holy Infant Jesus, Tanjong Katong; The Convent of the Holy Infant Jesus, Upper Seran­goon.

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Monday 6th, Wednesday 8th, and Friday 10th were declared full holidays while on Tuesday 7th and Thursday 9th no class work was permitted with the re­sult that sports heats were held, and suitable stories of the King and Queen and the Silver Jubilee were related to the pupils. Even May 13th was given up to very little classwork and as most male teachers had to do duty at he New World all schools closed at midday except the Convents. Monday 6th —Jubilee Day—began with a won­derful ceremonial parade on the Padang. Thousands of school children curtailed their sleeping hours to be in time and quite a goodly number left their homes with very empty insides thus risking privations just to be able to enjoy the sights. The Cadets of St. Joseph's performed most creditably in the March Past and so did the Eurasian and Chinese volunteer units which are mainly composed of Catholics.

GOVERNMENT HOUSE P A R T Y . At 5 p.m. at Government House

a Garden Party was given by His Excellency the Governor and Lady Thomas. Well over a thousand guests occupied seats on the spacious lawn in front of the Re­sidence of the First gentleman of Malaya. Our Bishop and the Directors of St. Joseph's and St. Patrick's Schools were present.

His Lordship Adresses Youth on Loyalty.

At the Thanksgiving Service in the Cathedral of the Good Shepherd on Thursday 9th at 5 p.m. an appropriate address was delivered by His Lordship, Mgr. Devals. The objects of the service were explained and referred to His Majesty's speech on the oc­casion of the 25th anniversary of his accession, when he expressed his confidence in the younger generation.

The service was choral and end­ed with the National Anthem. The full Scout Troop, of St. Anthony's and the entire Cadet Corps of St. Joseph's filled the Cathedral.

* * * * Catholics on the Collection Com­

mittee for the Silver Jubilee Fund are: Messrs. G. Shelley, A . J. Braga and E. H . Valberg.

RETIRED M A L A Y A N CIVIL SERVANT'S SON WEDS.

Mr. Geoffrey Noel, son of Mr. Oliver Marks C.M.G., Secretary of the Association of British Malaya and of Mrs. Marks, was married on Saturday 27th April to Miss Annette Yvonne Dottridge.

The ceremony took place at the famous Catholic Centre of worship St. James' Church, Spanish Place. Rev. Father Fair-hall officiated. The bride was given away by her father. There were two train bearers in mediaeval costumes. The honeymoon was spent on the Italian Riviera. Among the guests were Sir Ed­ward and Lady Brockman.

A BUDDING ORATOR. A Catholic student from Bom­

bay won the All-India Inter-Col­legiate oratorical contest, held under the auspices of the Benares Hindu University.

CARDINAL O'CONNELL HONOURED.

In token of his wrork for reli­gious tolerance, Cardinal O'Con-nell of Boston, U.S.A., has been nominated by the 'Jewish Ad­vocate' for the Gottheil Medal. This is an annual award to the American 'who has done most for Jewry and Judaism " during the year.

SIR A. F L E M I N G . The octogenarian inventor, Sir

Ambrose Fleming, who quite, recently took a firm stand against pseudo-scientists who pin undying faith to the theories of Charles Darwin and who endeavour to pass off these theories as proven facts—has been presented with the coveted Kelvin Medal on behalf of the Electrical Institute for elect­rical research.

We congratulate him from the bottom of our hearts for the well merited honour conferred on him and for his very recent attack, upon the unbelieving and egotisti­cal type of scientist.

Ramon Navarro, who a*)penred at the Capitol Theatre in ' The Night is Young,' is a very devout Catholic whose brother and sister are priest and nun respectively.

18 M A L A Y A CATHOLIC L E A D E R , SATURDAY, MAY 18th, 1935.

A R O U N D T H E P A R I S H E S SINGAPORE

CHURCH OF ST. JOSEPH.

Baptisms. May 12. Thora Mavis Rodrigues,

born on Apri l 26th, daughter of Cecil Amos Rodrigues and of Cecile Rodrigues. God­parents: — Johnson Sequeira and Agnes Monteiro.

Obituary.

MR. G. F . DE SOUZA. Death of a Singapore Pianist. The death of Mr. George

Frederick de Souza, only son of the late Mr. Simon C. de Souza, took place at his residence, Queen Street, Singapore, on May 8.

Mr. de Souza had been ill for the last three years. Previously he was well known as a pianist and assisted at all productions at the Victoria Theatre. He was also the chief Organist of St. Joseph's Church for many years. Death was due to heart failure. The deceased leaves a widow and nine children.

The funeral took place at the Bidadari Cemetery on Thursday, preceded by a Requiem Mass at the Church of St. Joseph. The Service at the graveside was also choral. Rev. Father Rego officiated.

The attendance at the graveside included his relatives and many friends.

May 10. Reginald Esbram, aged 2 years, son of Vincent Esbram and of Mary Esbram.

May 12. Peter de Rozario, aged 75, son of Paulo de Rozario and of Cecilia de Rozario.

May 12. Florence Eleanor Paglar, aged 2 years, daughter of Percy Paglar and of Mabel Paglar.

ST. JOHEPH'S CHURCH B R I G A D E .

A t the General Meeting of the St. Joseph's Church Brigade held on May 5, 1935, the following were elected office bearers for the ensu­ing six months:

President: Rev. Father A . Gonsalves.

Vice President: Raymond F. Pereira.

Hon. Secretary: Claude Oliveiro.

Asst. Hon. Secretary: Arnold Desker.

Hon. Treasurer: Adrian Especkerman.

Hon. Auditor: Lawrence Rodrigues.

Committee Members: Dr. E . S. Monteiro, Francis Grosse, Marcello Anciano.

who is in charge of the Church. Bishop A. Devals officiated at

the Benediction of the Blessed sacrament after Mass. The musi­cal items were arranged by Mr. A . Rodrigues.

A l l through the day many visitors went to pray in the Church, and many remained t*ll evening before returning home.

The members of the Catholic Action of Sts. Peter & Paul's Church visited the Church at 9.45 a.m. and after visiting the Bless­ed sacrament they paid their respects to their former Pastor, Rev. Fr . Lee, before proceeding home at noon.

11th May.—Cecilia Josephine Rodrigo, bom in Sumatra on the 12th February, daughter of Henry Edward Rodrigo and Suzanne Rodrigo. God-parent:—Josephine Makherjee. Rev. F r : J . B. Sou-hait officiated.

11th May.—Antonio Martinez, born on the 22nd April , son of Greneo Martinez and Concepcion Marcial. God-parents :—Teodora Tito and Suisa Marcial. Rev: Fr : J. B. Souhait officiated.

12th May.—George Norman Fletcher, born on the 28th April, son of William Wilfred Fletcher

Mr. TAN AH CHOY, a non-Cathoiic Chinese who gave the ground upon which was built the chapel of St. Teresa of the Holy Infant Jesus at Kulim, Kedah. The chapel was blessed on the 19th August, 1928. We hear that Mr. TAN AH CHOY has of late been seriously ill. We recommend him to the prayers of the

readers of the M. C. L.

OBITUARY. The death occurred at the

General Hospital of Mrs. J . Byrne at 11.10 p.m. on Sunday 12th inst. Deceased wTas very highly respected and esteemed. She lingered in the Hospital for more than two months and made a plucky fight for life. The funeral was well attended, Father Maury, acting parish priest, officiated in church and at the graveside.

She leaves behind a sorrowing husband and six children—all boys.

ST. JOSEPH'S CHURCH (BUKIT TIMAH) .

The Church of St. Joseph was a scene of a happy gathering where about fifty children made their Solemn Communion on the Feast of the Solemnity of St. Joseph. The church was crowded, and many had to be contended by standing outside to hear Mass which was said by Rev. Fr. S. Lee

P E N A N G . Church of the Assumption.

BAPTISMS. 5th May.—Oswald Adrien An-

rade, born on the 27th April, son of Josephine Mary Anrade and Anthony Francis Andrade, of the Penang Harbour Board. God­parents :—Christopher J. Danker and Regina Oliveiro. Rev: F r : J . B. Souhait officiated.

and Louisa Philomena Fletcher. God-parents : — William Henry Baptist and Leonie Philomena Baptist. Rev: F r : J. B. Souhait officiated.

J U B I L L E E CELEBRATION IN B A L I K P U L A U , (PENANG).

1,700 School-Children Paraded The Streets.

The inhabitants of the South­west District of Penang celebrated the Silver Jubilee of Their Majes­ties, the King and Queen, on Mon­day, May 6, on an elaborate scale at Balik Pulau which was en fete for the occasion. The District Office and other principal buildings and shops were dressed with flags and gaily-coloured buntings, cons­picuous among which was the Union Jack.

The compound of the Church of the Holy Name of Jesus presented a gay and lively appearance. The Church and the Parish Schools

were dressed with flags, banners and buntings. The parishioners in their best clothes attended the choral Thanksgiving Service which was held at 7.30 a.m. School-children romped about the play, ground in genuine Jubilee spirit.

At 1 p.m. the boys of St. Geor­ge's English School and those of the Sacred Heart Chinese School with the girls of the Balik Pulau Convent, altogether totalling near­ly 400, marched in procession to the Balik Pulau Football Field carrying flags and banners, holding little hand-flags and beating drums.

Punctually at 2 p.m., and fa­vourably countenanced by good weather, a long procession of school-children representing 17 schools and numbering over 1,700, started from the Football Field and wended through, the principal streets which were lined on both sides with eager spectators. The procession was led by the Balik Pulau Platoon of the Penang and Province Wellesley Volunteer Corps followed by the boys and girls of the 3 Catholic Schools of Balik Pulau with the children of other schools taking up their res­pective positions in the rear. Each of the 17 schools was distinguish­able from others by a school-nag on wThich was seen the name of the school and by different uniforms worn by the children who sang patriotic songs in various tongues and waved their hand-flags jubi­lantly as they paraded the streets.

Finally, the procession which was the longest and the most im­pressive ever seen in Balik Pulau, returned to the Football Field where the feu de joie was fired, three cheers v>Tere given for the King and the National Anthem was sung. In the course of the Athle­tic Sports which were then held, refreshments were served to the children who by their happy faces betokened that they had enjoyed the day immenselv.

nitres amuse

hit, the different com mu­re entertained to such its as a bonfire and fire­

works display, a ronggeng perfor­mance, a Chinese wayang, a Tamil or-era and an open-air cinema.

The cnfire programme for the J-^Hee Celebrations was gone through with complete success which was nrincipallv due to the untiring efforts of Mr. A. H. M. Hussein, the Asst. Collector * of Land Revenue of Balik Pulau.

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R E N E U L L M A N N ,

SINGAPORE.

M A L A Y A CATHOLIC L E A D E R , SATURDAY, M A Y 18th, 1935. 19

A R O U N D T H E P A R I S H E S . SPORTS.

PORT S W E T T E N H A M . CHAPEL OF ST. SEBASTIAN

Baptism. May 4.—Evelyn Monica Gopal

daughter of Annette Patricia and Jack. A. Gopal of Messrs Boustead & Co., Ltd., Port Swettenham. God Parents Mr. & Mrs. J . X . Louis of Port Swettenham. Rev. Fr. E. M. Belet Officiated.

K U A L A LUMPUR. St. Joseph's Church Central

Workshops. The Church of St. Joseph was en

fete on Sunday the 12th May, 1935, celebrating in all grandeur, the Patronal Feast of the Church of St. Joseph, Central Workshops and also the Feast of our most beloved Patron of the Universal Church.

The Church was splendidly deco­rated for the occasion. The altar was evenly smothered with only fresh flowers which seemed elegant and attractive to the naked eye. Long before 8.00 a.m. the whole Church was packed to full capacity.

Solemn High Mass was sung by the Rev. Father V . Herman. Musical Mass was sung in two voices which was conducted by Mr. A. Anthony the Choir Master of St. Joseph's Church and assisted by Mr. Anthony Fonseca on the organ and other Musical instru­ments accompanying the singing.

The Mass ended with the singing of Domine Salvum Fac Regem Nostrum Georgium, and a March played both by the organ and other musical instruments in accompani­ment.

In the evening at 5.00 p.m. ves­pers was begun by Rev. Father Noel Deredec. Immediately after the "Regina Caeli" was sung the procession, proceeded, joined by several of the devotees within the Church compound. During which time the Hymns to St. Joseph were sung by the choir. There were also other Priests namely Rev. Fathers V . Hermann, E. M . Belet, R. J. Girard, A . Francis. A solemn Benediction followed with Musical Selections beginning with 0 Salutaris, Ave Maria (Gounod), Invocation to St. Joseph, Te Deum, Tu es Petrus and Tantum Ergo. After the divine praises the whole service ended with the singing of the Hymn "Holy Patron Thee Saluting" and a March by the Organ and Violin rendered by Messrs. Aithony Fonseca and G. Francis.

The Parishioners who are in majority workmen of Central Workshops did reverently and de­votedly celebrate this feast of their Patron with one mind and heart.

The present church was built in the year 1929 by the strenuous efforts of the Vicar Rev. Fr . V. Hermann. Previous to this there existed only a Chapel which was quite inadequate to accommodate half the faithful resident in that locality.

K E D A H . Parish Notes.

Mrs. J . J . Fleury of Alor Star has gone to Europe. Mr. J . J. Fleury, ' Vice-President of the Kedah Catholic Association, Alor Star, will be going on leave in a counle of months' time.

Mr. V. D. d'Oliveiro, Veterinary Inspector, Padang Besar, has re­sumed duty after four months'

leave. The priest in charge of Kedah usually says Mass in his quarters on his way to and from Kelantan and Trenganu, when he has to spend a night at Padang Besar because the F.M.S.R. train to and from Alor Star does not connect with the Siamese train on the same day.

* * * . * The Revd. Father J. Deyrat of

the College General, Pulau Tikus, Penang, said Mass at Alor Star on Easter Sunday. The Chapel was filled to overflowing and there was a very large number of com­munions. The thanks of the Catholics of Alor Star are due to Father Deyrat and to Father Bonamy for so kindly affording them the opportunity of hearing Mass on that great day.

* * * * As in the other Catholic

Churches in the Diocese there was a Solemn Benediction of the Blessed Sacrament with a "Te Deum" of Thanksgiving in the Chapel of St. Michael, Alor Star, on Jubilee Day. There was another Solemn Benediction at Sungei Patani on Wednesday when Sungei Patani celebrated the Jubilee. Father Bonamy officiated at both services.

* * * * At Alor Star the Union Jack and

Kedah Flags were flown at the Chapel and at Saint Michael's School. The gate of the Convent School was decorated with an arch in red, white, and blue. It was surmounted with the British and State flags and below the pictures of the King and Queen, was the inscription "Long May They Reign" in letters of gold.

ST. JOSEPH'S A N N U A L ATHLETIC MEETING.

The 33rd, Annual Athletic Meet­ing of the St. Joseph's Institution will be held at the Jalai* Besar Stadium on May, 24th under the patronage of Mr. W. Bartley, M.B. E., President of the Municipal Commissioners. Mrs. W. Bartiey has kindly consented to give away the prizes.

Two events, the Half Mile and Slinging the 28 pounder, will be open to the Old Boys. These two evencs are timed to take place at about 5 p.m.

The Sports will begin at 2.15 p.m. sharp.

S E R E M B A N . Wedding Bells.

A very pretty wed J lg took place at the Temporary Chapel of t h e Church of the Visitation Seremban on the 11th of May, when Mr. Gerald Cyril Pinto the wellknown Eurasian ruggerite and Blue eldest son of Mr. and Mrs. C. A. Pinto of the Forest Department Seremban, and Miss Rosalind Ma­rian Pereira daughter of Mr. and Mrs. G. D. Pereira of Malacca. The bride who was given away by her father, looked very charming and Rev. Fr. G. Auguin officiated. The bride was attended by her sisters Misses Violet and Mavis Pinto as Flower Girls, and Miss stella Pinto as birdesmaid. The Bestman was also her brother Mr. Paul Pinto. After the wedding ceremony a reception was held at 24 Malacca Road. Mr. and Mrs. A. J . Rozario of the Treasury Dept. Seremban were sponsors. The health of the bride and bridegroom was proposed by Mr. A . J . Rozario.

Mr. A. R. Chapman the State Player scored 58 runs in a State Match between Perak and Negri, at Ipoh.

* * * * *

Mr. F. De Silva another State player scored 46 runs and 40 respectively in a State match be­tween Selangor and Negri at Kuala Lumpur.

THE OLD MICHAELIANS ' ASSOCIATION.

Second Annual Meeting.

ST. MICHAEL'S SPORTS. Keen Contests At Ipoh.

St. Michael's Institution held its combined Annual Jubilee sports on Monday. Fine weather favoured the start of the meet but this later changed slightly for the worse. A light drizzle damped the last events but in no way marred the day.

Considering the many other at­tractions that Ipoh had to offer on that day, a fair gathering attend­ed.

Al l events wrere keenly contested, and though records might not sanely be expected to be broken, keenness supplied what was lack­ing.

The card of 27 events including some for infants and three for the old boys, were run between the four nouses—Paul's, Director's, Henry's, and Augustus—each boy being restricted to one event.

The programme was finished soon after 5 p.m. to enable the boys to see the lantern procession stag­ed by the Chinese Community of Kinta.

PRESENTATION OF PRIZES. Before calling on the Raja Ben­

dahara of Perak to present the prizes to the fortunate winners, Rev. Bro. Dositheus thanked the judges and the guests for honour­ing the school with their attend­ance, the sports committee of the school for their excellent arrange­ment of the athletic meet and the O.M.A. orchestra for rendering such excellent selections to enliven the day.

After the distribution of prizes by the Raja Bendahara, Mr. Tan Boon Kwee called for Three Cheers for His Majesty the King. His call was nobly responded to and all present gave vent to their lungs to express audibly what was in their hearts on that auspicious day.

Three cheers were also called by Mr. Chye Kai Loke for the Raja Bendahara.

Cups were presented by Mr. Cheah Voon Hoy for 440 yds; the Aw Brothers for 220 yds; and the Storch Brothers for 880 yds.

RESULTS. Div. IV: Inter-house challenge

cup won by Paul's House. Div. I l l : Inter-house challenge

cup presented by Mr. Wong Jee Seong won by Paul's House.

Div. II: Inter-house challenge cup presented by Mr. Lincoln Le-ong won by Henry's House.

Div. 1: Inter-house challenge cup presented by old boys Chris­tian Brothers' School won by Director's House.

The champion house of the day was Paul's House, with an aggre­gate of 65 pts. The runners-up were Henry's House, with 51 pts.

The high jump challenge cup presented by Dr. A. C. Kathigasu, was won by Jee Kim San; the 100 yds. Division challenge cup, pre­sented by Mrs. A . C. Kathigasu, was won by Choong Fook Seong.

There were three items specially for the members of the O. M . A.

(Malaya Tribune.)

The Old Michaelians' Associa­tion, Ipoh, held its Second Annual General Meeting yesterday at 4.30 p.m. There was a good attendance of members.

With a membership of about 300, the Association isx>ne of the most active and progressive sport­ing bodies in the country. Its activities are primarily all forms of popular sport but music and literary pursuits also come under its programme.

It offers excellent facilities for Football, Cricket, Hockey, Badmin­ton, Basket ball, Volley Bail and Ping Pong, and bids fair to add Lawn Tennis in its sporting pro­gramme very soon. Its Ping Pong team is perhaps trie best in Perak wrhile its Cricket and Hockey teams are very strong. It can raise a powerful Football team from among its members. Though itrs best footballers are already claimed by older clubs, the young Association has sportingly joined the Kinta Football League, Second Division. The junior team have not shown much prowess but give every promise of becoming as fine and plucky sportsmen as their more experienced members are in the game.

The O. M. A. possesses an effi­cient orchestra wdiich rendered fine music at several functions of the Association and recently at the Annual Sports Meeting of St. M i ­chael's Institution. It also pub­lishes a half-yearly magazine giv­ing accounts of the activites of the Association and its members.

A death benefit scheme is under consideration and will prove a boon to the members.

At its Second Annual Meeting, the President, Rev. Bro. Dositheus, reported a very successful year and expressed confidence in the future progress of the Association. The accounts, certified correct by Messrs. Y. C. Kang & Co., Char­tered Accountants Ipoh, showed an amount of §1,084.46 being excess of income over expenditure for the past year.

The election of the office-bearers for 1935 resulted as follows:—

President—Rev. Bro. Dositheus. Vice-Presidents—

Mr. P. J . Mor Singh. Mr. Ho Kok Yew. Dr. V . R. Gabriel.

Hon. Secretary— Mr. Lip Seng Onn.

Hon. Treasurer— Mr. Tan Boon Kwee.

Hon. Asst. Secretary— Mr. Cheah Toong San.

Hon. Sports Secretary— Mr. Lim Kean Hooi.

Members of the Committee— Mr. J . A . Thivy. Mr. Tan Cheng Phor. Mr. C. J . Skelchy. Mr. Toh Ee Boon. Mr. Yau Wah Fong. Mr. Chye Kah Loke.

Hon. Auditors— Messrs. Y . C. Kang & Co.,

Chartered Accountants, Ipoh.

Amendments to existing rules were passed with a view to allow­ing persons not classed as "Old Boys" to be admitted into the Association.

The Meeting which lasted two hours and a half carried out its business in a most genial atmos­phere.

18 M A L A Y A CATHOLIC L E A D E R , SATURDAY, MAY 18th, 1935.

A R O U N D T H E P A R I S H E S SINGAPORE

CHURCH OF ST. JOSEPH.

Baptisms. May 12. Thora Mavis Rodrigues,

born on Apri l 26th, daughter of Cecil Amos Rodrigues and of Cecile Rodrigues. God­parents: — Johnson Sequeira and Agnes Monteiro.

Obituary.

MR. G. F . DE SOUZA. Death of a Singapore Pianist. The death of Mr. George

Frederick de Souza, only son of the late Mr. Simon C. de Souza, took place at his residence, Queen Street, Singapore, on May 8.

Mr. de Souza had been ill for the last three years. Previously he was well known as a pianist and assisted at all productions at the Victoria Theatre. He was also the chief Organist of St. Joseph's Church for many years. Death was due to heart failure. The deceased leaves a widow and nine children.

The funeral took place at the Bidadari Cemetery on Thursday, preceded by a Requiem Mass at the Church of St. Joseph. The Service at the graveside was also choral. Rev. Father Rego officiated.

The attendance at the graveside included his relatives and many friends.

May 10. Reginald Esbram, aged 2 years, son of Vincent Esbram and of Mary Esbram.

May 12. Peter de Rozario, aged 75, son of Paulo de Rozario and of Cecilia de Rozario.

May 12. Florence Eleanor Paglar, aged 2 years, daughter of Percy Paglar and of Mabel Paglar.

ST. JOHEPH'S CHURCH B R I G A D E .

A t the General Meeting of the St. Joseph's Church Brigade held on May 5, 1935, the following were elected office bearers for the ensu­ing six months:

President: Rev. Father A . Gonsalves.

Vice President: Raymond F. Pereira.

Hon. Secretary: Claude Oliveiro.

Asst. Hon. Secretary: Arnold Desker.

Hon. Treasurer: Adrian Especkerman.

Hon. Auditor: Lawrence Rodrigues.

Committee Members: Dr. E . S. Monteiro, Francis Grosse, Marcello Anciano.

who is in charge of the Church. Bishop A. Devals officiated at

the Benediction of the Blessed sacrament after Mass. The musi­cal items were arranged by Mr. A . Rodrigues.

A l l through the day many visitors went to pray in the Church, and many remained t*ll evening before returning home.

The members of the Catholic Action of Sts. Peter & Paul's Church visited the Church at 9.45 a.m. and after visiting the Bless­ed sacrament they paid their respects to their former Pastor, Rev. Fr . Lee, before proceeding home at noon.

11th May.—Cecilia Josephine Rodrigo, bom in Sumatra on the 12th February, daughter of Henry Edward Rodrigo and Suzanne Rodrigo. God-parent:—Josephine Makherjee. Rev. F r : J . B. Sou-hait officiated.

11th May.—Antonio Martinez, born on the 22nd April , son of Greneo Martinez and Concepcion Marcial. God-parents :—Teodora Tito and Suisa Marcial. Rev: Fr : J. B. Souhait officiated.

12th May.—George Norman Fletcher, born on the 28th April, son of William Wilfred Fletcher

Mr. TAN AH CHOY, a non-Cathoiic Chinese who gave the ground upon which was built the chapel of St. Teresa of the Holy Infant Jesus at Kulim, Kedah. The chapel was blessed on the 19th August, 1928. We hear that Mr. TAN AH CHOY has of late been seriously ill. We recommend him to the prayers of the

readers of the M. C. L.

OBITUARY. The death occurred at the

General Hospital of Mrs. J . Byrne at 11.10 p.m. on Sunday 12th inst. Deceased wTas very highly respected and esteemed. She lingered in the Hospital for more than two months and made a plucky fight for life. The funeral was well attended, Father Maury, acting parish priest, officiated in church and at the graveside.

She leaves behind a sorrowing husband and six children—all boys.

ST. JOSEPH'S CHURCH (BUKIT TIMAH) .

The Church of St. Joseph was a scene of a happy gathering where about fifty children made their Solemn Communion on the Feast of the Solemnity of St. Joseph. The church was crowded, and many had to be contended by standing outside to hear Mass which was said by Rev. Fr. S. Lee

P E N A N G . Church of the Assumption.

BAPTISMS. 5th May.—Oswald Adrien An-

rade, born on the 27th April, son of Josephine Mary Anrade and Anthony Francis Andrade, of the Penang Harbour Board. God­parents :—Christopher J. Danker and Regina Oliveiro. Rev: F r : J . B. Souhait officiated.

and Louisa Philomena Fletcher. God-parents : — William Henry Baptist and Leonie Philomena Baptist. Rev: F r : J. B. Souhait officiated.

J U B I L L E E CELEBRATION IN B A L I K P U L A U , (PENANG).

1,700 School-Children Paraded The Streets.

The inhabitants of the South­west District of Penang celebrated the Silver Jubilee of Their Majes­ties, the King and Queen, on Mon­day, May 6, on an elaborate scale at Balik Pulau which was en fete for the occasion. The District Office and other principal buildings and shops were dressed with flags and gaily-coloured buntings, cons­picuous among which was the Union Jack.

The compound of the Church of the Holy Name of Jesus presented a gay and lively appearance. The Church and the Parish Schools

were dressed with flags, banners and buntings. The parishioners in their best clothes attended the choral Thanksgiving Service which was held at 7.30 a.m. School-children romped about the play, ground in genuine Jubilee spirit.

At 1 p.m. the boys of St. Geor­ge's English School and those of the Sacred Heart Chinese School with the girls of the Balik Pulau Convent, altogether totalling near­ly 400, marched in procession to the Balik Pulau Football Field carrying flags and banners, holding little hand-flags and beating drums.

Punctually at 2 p.m., and fa­vourably countenanced by good weather, a long procession of school-children representing 17 schools and numbering over 1,700, started from the Football Field and wended through, the principal streets which were lined on both sides with eager spectators. The procession was led by the Balik Pulau Platoon of the Penang and Province Wellesley Volunteer Corps followed by the boys and girls of the 3 Catholic Schools of Balik Pulau with the children of other schools taking up their res­pective positions in the rear. Each of the 17 schools was distinguish­able from others by a school-nag on wThich was seen the name of the school and by different uniforms worn by the children who sang patriotic songs in various tongues and waved their hand-flags jubi­lantly as they paraded the streets.

Finally, the procession which was the longest and the most im­pressive ever seen in Balik Pulau, returned to the Football Field where the feu de joie was fired, three cheers v>Tere given for the King and the National Anthem was sung. In the course of the Athle­tic Sports which were then held, refreshments were served to the children who by their happy faces betokened that they had enjoyed the day immenselv.

nitres amuse

hit, the different com mu­re entertained to such its as a bonfire and fire­

works display, a ronggeng perfor­mance, a Chinese wayang, a Tamil or-era and an open-air cinema.

The cnfire programme for the J-^Hee Celebrations was gone through with complete success which was nrincipallv due to the untiring efforts of Mr. A. H. M. Hussein, the Asst. Collector * of Land Revenue of Balik Pulau.

C Y M A WATCHES

and CHRONO­METERS

acknowledged the BEST

in all the Countries.

Agent:

R E N E U L L M A N N ,

SINGAPORE.

M A L A Y A CATHOLIC L E A D E R , SATURDAY, M A Y 18th, 1935. 19

A R O U N D T H E P A R I S H E S . SPORTS.

PORT S W E T T E N H A M . CHAPEL OF ST. SEBASTIAN

Baptism. May 4.—Evelyn Monica Gopal

daughter of Annette Patricia and Jack. A. Gopal of Messrs Boustead & Co., Ltd., Port Swettenham. God Parents Mr. & Mrs. J . X . Louis of Port Swettenham. Rev. Fr. E. M. Belet Officiated.

K U A L A LUMPUR. St. Joseph's Church Central

Workshops. The Church of St. Joseph was en

fete on Sunday the 12th May, 1935, celebrating in all grandeur, the Patronal Feast of the Church of St. Joseph, Central Workshops and also the Feast of our most beloved Patron of the Universal Church.

The Church was splendidly deco­rated for the occasion. The altar was evenly smothered with only fresh flowers which seemed elegant and attractive to the naked eye. Long before 8.00 a.m. the whole Church was packed to full capacity.

Solemn High Mass was sung by the Rev. Father V . Herman. Musical Mass was sung in two voices which was conducted by Mr. A. Anthony the Choir Master of St. Joseph's Church and assisted by Mr. Anthony Fonseca on the organ and other Musical instru­ments accompanying the singing.

The Mass ended with the singing of Domine Salvum Fac Regem Nostrum Georgium, and a March played both by the organ and other musical instruments in accompani­ment.

In the evening at 5.00 p.m. ves­pers was begun by Rev. Father Noel Deredec. Immediately after the "Regina Caeli" was sung the procession, proceeded, joined by several of the devotees within the Church compound. During which time the Hymns to St. Joseph were sung by the choir. There were also other Priests namely Rev. Fathers V . Hermann, E. M . Belet, R. J. Girard, A . Francis. A solemn Benediction followed with Musical Selections beginning with 0 Salutaris, Ave Maria (Gounod), Invocation to St. Joseph, Te Deum, Tu es Petrus and Tantum Ergo. After the divine praises the whole service ended with the singing of the Hymn "Holy Patron Thee Saluting" and a March by the Organ and Violin rendered by Messrs. Aithony Fonseca and G. Francis.

The Parishioners who are in majority workmen of Central Workshops did reverently and de­votedly celebrate this feast of their Patron with one mind and heart.

The present church was built in the year 1929 by the strenuous efforts of the Vicar Rev. Fr . V. Hermann. Previous to this there existed only a Chapel which was quite inadequate to accommodate half the faithful resident in that locality.

K E D A H . Parish Notes.

Mrs. J . J . Fleury of Alor Star has gone to Europe. Mr. J . J. Fleury, ' Vice-President of the Kedah Catholic Association, Alor Star, will be going on leave in a counle of months' time.

Mr. V. D. d'Oliveiro, Veterinary Inspector, Padang Besar, has re­sumed duty after four months'

leave. The priest in charge of Kedah usually says Mass in his quarters on his way to and from Kelantan and Trenganu, when he has to spend a night at Padang Besar because the F.M.S.R. train to and from Alor Star does not connect with the Siamese train on the same day.

* * * . * The Revd. Father J. Deyrat of

the College General, Pulau Tikus, Penang, said Mass at Alor Star on Easter Sunday. The Chapel was filled to overflowing and there was a very large number of com­munions. The thanks of the Catholics of Alor Star are due to Father Deyrat and to Father Bonamy for so kindly affording them the opportunity of hearing Mass on that great day.

* * * * As in the other Catholic

Churches in the Diocese there was a Solemn Benediction of the Blessed Sacrament with a "Te Deum" of Thanksgiving in the Chapel of St. Michael, Alor Star, on Jubilee Day. There was another Solemn Benediction at Sungei Patani on Wednesday when Sungei Patani celebrated the Jubilee. Father Bonamy officiated at both services.

* * * * At Alor Star the Union Jack and

Kedah Flags were flown at the Chapel and at Saint Michael's School. The gate of the Convent School was decorated with an arch in red, white, and blue. It was surmounted with the British and State flags and below the pictures of the King and Queen, was the inscription "Long May They Reign" in letters of gold.

ST. JOSEPH'S A N N U A L ATHLETIC MEETING.

The 33rd, Annual Athletic Meet­ing of the St. Joseph's Institution will be held at the Jalai* Besar Stadium on May, 24th under the patronage of Mr. W. Bartley, M.B. E., President of the Municipal Commissioners. Mrs. W. Bartiey has kindly consented to give away the prizes.

Two events, the Half Mile and Slinging the 28 pounder, will be open to the Old Boys. These two evencs are timed to take place at about 5 p.m.

The Sports will begin at 2.15 p.m. sharp.

S E R E M B A N . Wedding Bells.

A very pretty wed J lg took place at the Temporary Chapel of t h e Church of the Visitation Seremban on the 11th of May, when Mr. Gerald Cyril Pinto the wellknown Eurasian ruggerite and Blue eldest son of Mr. and Mrs. C. A. Pinto of the Forest Department Seremban, and Miss Rosalind Ma­rian Pereira daughter of Mr. and Mrs. G. D. Pereira of Malacca. The bride who was given away by her father, looked very charming and Rev. Fr. G. Auguin officiated. The bride was attended by her sisters Misses Violet and Mavis Pinto as Flower Girls, and Miss stella Pinto as birdesmaid. The Bestman was also her brother Mr. Paul Pinto. After the wedding ceremony a reception was held at 24 Malacca Road. Mr. and Mrs. A. J . Rozario of the Treasury Dept. Seremban were sponsors. The health of the bride and bridegroom was proposed by Mr. A . J . Rozario.

Mr. A. R. Chapman the State Player scored 58 runs in a State Match between Perak and Negri, at Ipoh.

* * * * *

Mr. F. De Silva another State player scored 46 runs and 40 respectively in a State match be­tween Selangor and Negri at Kuala Lumpur.

THE OLD MICHAELIANS ' ASSOCIATION.

Second Annual Meeting.

ST. MICHAEL'S SPORTS. Keen Contests At Ipoh.

St. Michael's Institution held its combined Annual Jubilee sports on Monday. Fine weather favoured the start of the meet but this later changed slightly for the worse. A light drizzle damped the last events but in no way marred the day.

Considering the many other at­tractions that Ipoh had to offer on that day, a fair gathering attend­ed.

Al l events wrere keenly contested, and though records might not sanely be expected to be broken, keenness supplied what was lack­ing.

The card of 27 events including some for infants and three for the old boys, were run between the four nouses—Paul's, Director's, Henry's, and Augustus—each boy being restricted to one event.

The programme was finished soon after 5 p.m. to enable the boys to see the lantern procession stag­ed by the Chinese Community of Kinta.

PRESENTATION OF PRIZES. Before calling on the Raja Ben­

dahara of Perak to present the prizes to the fortunate winners, Rev. Bro. Dositheus thanked the judges and the guests for honour­ing the school with their attend­ance, the sports committee of the school for their excellent arrange­ment of the athletic meet and the O.M.A. orchestra for rendering such excellent selections to enliven the day.

After the distribution of prizes by the Raja Bendahara, Mr. Tan Boon Kwee called for Three Cheers for His Majesty the King. His call was nobly responded to and all present gave vent to their lungs to express audibly what was in their hearts on that auspicious day.

Three cheers were also called by Mr. Chye Kai Loke for the Raja Bendahara.

Cups were presented by Mr. Cheah Voon Hoy for 440 yds; the Aw Brothers for 220 yds; and the Storch Brothers for 880 yds.

RESULTS. Div. IV: Inter-house challenge

cup won by Paul's House. Div. I l l : Inter-house challenge

cup presented by Mr. Wong Jee Seong won by Paul's House.

Div. II: Inter-house challenge cup presented by Mr. Lincoln Le-ong won by Henry's House.

Div. 1: Inter-house challenge cup presented by old boys Chris­tian Brothers' School won by Director's House.

The champion house of the day was Paul's House, with an aggre­gate of 65 pts. The runners-up were Henry's House, with 51 pts.

The high jump challenge cup presented by Dr. A. C. Kathigasu, was won by Jee Kim San; the 100 yds. Division challenge cup, pre­sented by Mrs. A . C. Kathigasu, was won by Choong Fook Seong.

There were three items specially for the members of the O. M . A.

(Malaya Tribune.)

The Old Michaelians' Associa­tion, Ipoh, held its Second Annual General Meeting yesterday at 4.30 p.m. There was a good attendance of members.

With a membership of about 300, the Association isx>ne of the most active and progressive sport­ing bodies in the country. Its activities are primarily all forms of popular sport but music and literary pursuits also come under its programme.

It offers excellent facilities for Football, Cricket, Hockey, Badmin­ton, Basket ball, Volley Bail and Ping Pong, and bids fair to add Lawn Tennis in its sporting pro­gramme very soon. Its Ping Pong team is perhaps trie best in Perak wrhile its Cricket and Hockey teams are very strong. It can raise a powerful Football team from among its members. Though itrs best footballers are already claimed by older clubs, the young Association has sportingly joined the Kinta Football League, Second Division. The junior team have not shown much prowess but give every promise of becoming as fine and plucky sportsmen as their more experienced members are in the game.

The O. M. A. possesses an effi­cient orchestra wdiich rendered fine music at several functions of the Association and recently at the Annual Sports Meeting of St. M i ­chael's Institution. It also pub­lishes a half-yearly magazine giv­ing accounts of the activites of the Association and its members.

A death benefit scheme is under consideration and will prove a boon to the members.

At its Second Annual Meeting, the President, Rev. Bro. Dositheus, reported a very successful year and expressed confidence in the future progress of the Association. The accounts, certified correct by Messrs. Y. C. Kang & Co., Char­tered Accountants Ipoh, showed an amount of §1,084.46 being excess of income over expenditure for the past year.

The election of the office-bearers for 1935 resulted as follows:—

President—Rev. Bro. Dositheus. Vice-Presidents—

Mr. P. J . Mor Singh. Mr. Ho Kok Yew. Dr. V . R. Gabriel.

Hon. Secretary— Mr. Lip Seng Onn.

Hon. Treasurer— Mr. Tan Boon Kwee.

Hon. Asst. Secretary— Mr. Cheah Toong San.

Hon. Sports Secretary— Mr. Lim Kean Hooi.

Members of the Committee— Mr. J . A . Thivy. Mr. Tan Cheng Phor. Mr. C. J . Skelchy. Mr. Toh Ee Boon. Mr. Yau Wah Fong. Mr. Chye Kah Loke.

Hon. Auditors— Messrs. Y . C. Kang & Co.,

Chartered Accountants, Ipoh.

Amendments to existing rules were passed with a view to allow­ing persons not classed as "Old Boys" to be admitted into the Association.

The Meeting which lasted two hours and a half carried out its business in a most genial atmos­phere.

O F F I C I A L O R G A N O F C A T H O L I C A C T I O N PUBLISHED W E E K L Y .

S A T U R D A Y , " MAY 18t 1935.

B B . J O H N F I S H E R A N D T H O M A S M O R E TO BE CANONIZED ON SUNDAY, 19th MAY.

B l . John Fisher (Holbein). B l . Thomas More (Holbein).

JOHN FISHER was a Yorkshireman, born at Beverley, iho son of Robert Fisher, a mercer of that town. At the age of U he went up to Cambridge, where he had a most distinguished career.

He entered Michaeihouse, the second oldest college in the University, afterwards absorbed in Trinity College. After taking his M.A. , he was elected a Fellow and ordained priest. In 1479 he was made Master of the College, four years later Vice-Chancellor of the University, and finally, in 1504, Chancellor, an office which he held until his death.

In the same year that Fisher became Chancellor he was appointed Bishop of Rochester. In the opinion of all his contem­poraries he was a model bishop, living a most simple and laborious life, devoting all his energies to the care of his diocese.

He constantly visited the poor and sick, often sitting with them for hours in the most miserable hovels. Erasmus wrote of him that " there is not in that nation a more learned man nor a holier bishop." And even Henry himself,

before he was led astray by his miserable passion, used to boast that there was no bishop in any kingdom who could be compared with him either for virtue or for learning.

THOMAS MORE was a very different, though an equally virtuous and holy man. He was born in the City of London. In his boyhood, as has been stated above, he was taken into the household of Archbishop Morton as a page. He then went to Oxford, and later to Lincoln's Inn, to study Law.

He was called to the Bar, and rose rapidly to be the most distinguished barrister of his day, and finally, on the disgrace of Wolsey, he suceeded him as Lord Chancellor of England.

His life was that of a cultured and refined scholar. He spoke Latin as easily as English. He had a profound knowledge of the Classics, and still more of the Fathers of the Church. He was a Igreat student of history, a lover of literature and art. and no mean musician

He was full of delightful humour, a charming companion, never flippant or cynical, but always with a twinkle in his eye and a merry jest on his lips. And yet beneath all this he was a man of profound and solid piety.

These were the two men who led the opposition to Henry's tyranny over the Church. For 15 months they remained prisoners in the Tower. Meanwhile Henry forced Parliament to pass another Act, which made it high treason to deny the Ring's title of Supreme Head of the Church, and the penatly for that, of course, was death.

Fisher was the first to suffer. On June 17th, 1535, he was brought to Westminster Hall for trial, charged with " maliciously, falsely and traitorously " denying the King to be Supreme Head of the Church.

Five days later, on June 22nd, he was beheaded on Tower Hill , after telling the assembled people that he was about to die for the love of Christ and His Holy Church, and asking them to pray for him.

Thomas More followed him on Julv 6th. He kept his inveterate habit of joking about everything to the last. T H E Y WILL B E T H E FIRST ENGLISHMEN TO B E CANONISHED SINCE THE REFORMATION.

Published by Rev. Fr. Cardon and Printed by Lithographers Limited, 37/38, Wallich Street. Singapore, S.S.

In vain will you found missions and build schools, if you are not able to wield the offensive and defensive weapon of a loyal Catholic Press.—Pope Pius X.

The power and influence of the Catholic Press are so great even seemingly insig­nificant activity in its favour is of great importance. Anything you do for the Catholic Press I will consider done for me personally.—Pope Pius XL

O F F I C I A L O R G A N O F C A T H O L I C A C T I O N

PUBLISHED W E E K L Y .

20 Pages. No. 21. SINGAPORE, SATURDAY, MAY 25th, 1935. 10 cents.

C a r d . F a u l h a b e r ' s D e f e n c e

o f F r e e d o m o f t h e C h u r c h

P o s i t i o n i n S c h o o l C r i s i s

( B y N . C . W . C . N e w s S e r v i c e )

[Herewith are presented the most important passages from a notable address delivered by His Eminence Michael Cardinal Faul-haber, Archbishop of Munich, in which that eminent prelate stated what has come to be widely regarded as the position of the Church in many of, the difficulties which now afflict the Christian Faith in Nazi Germany.]

Cardinal Faulhaber's address was delivered on the eve of the enrollment of the school children of the Reich. An intensive cam­paign had been carried on in favour of the communal schools set up by the National Socialists and there had been widespread propaganda against the enrolling of children just come of school age in the denominational schools.

In his introductory remarks, the Cardinal referred to a visit of Ger­man pilgrims to the Vatican on the occasion of the anniversary of the Coronation of His Holiness Pope Pius XI . He recalled that the Holy Father addressed the pilgrims in their native tongue, quoting from Schiller.

Cardinal Faulhaber then took up the theme of sermon, "Freedom of the Church/' which, he says, is one of the supreme causes for liturgi­cal prayer, near to the cause of the purity of Faith, the unity of the Faithful and the peace of the world.

Right to Practice Faith. "The freedom of the Church,"

the Cardinal said, "consists, first, in the freedom to practice the Ca­tholic Religion. The concordat of July, 1933, begins with this solemn affirmation: The German Reich guarantees the freedom of the profession and the public exercise of the Catholic Religion/ Our religion, therefore, may not be circumscribed, as in other coun­

tries, to the interior of the church or relegated to the sacristy. On the basis of the Concordat, we possess the liberty of the public exercise of the Catholic Religion. It would be a violation of the Con­cordat if religious functions out­side the church should be prohibit­ed.

"The freedom of the Church is also freedom to preach the Catho­lic Religion. Article 4 of the Con­cordat recognizes and guarantees to the ecclesiastical authority in Germany the right to publish without hinderance instructions, pastoral letters and other disposi­tions concerning the spiritual guidance of the faithful, and to bring them to their knowledge in the forms previously used. Never­theless it weighs at present as an incubus on the Catholic people, and is considered as a true state of spiritual attack, the fact that a collective pastoral of the German Bishops still remains prohibited.

"Article 5 of the Concordat declares with respect to the care of souls: Tn the exercise of their sacerdotal activity, ecclesiastics shall enjoy the protection of the State/ The Church has need of the freedom to teach, in order to be able to perform her mission. The mission was given to the Church by Jesus Christ, her Divine Foun­der; not having been given by an earthly power, therefore no earthly power can revoke it. There is no

ANCHOR BEER

SOLE AGENTS:

S i M E D A R B Y 8c C O . . L T D .

SINGAPORE & BRANCHES

longing for power on the part of the Church; it is a question of per­forming her precise mandate of teaching received from the Divine Master. Men who do not find it convenient for their sinister de­signs to have the Church and State exist together peaceable, have spoken of the tutelage of the Church over the State. The Church rejects the calumny that she wishes to impose herself upon the State in strictly State affairs. And she also rejects the imposition of the State in strictly ecclesiasti­cal affairs.

"In his speech to the Reichstag, March 23, 1933, the Fuehrer, in his clear and decisive manner, spoke of 'a frank co-existence of Church and State/ We heartily under­score these words.

Calumnies Are Recalled. "The freedom of the Church is

freedom to defend the Catholic Religion. Who could compile to-tlay the calumnies against the Church and against the Papacy in the press and in books, in public

and private discourses! We do not deny that in the history of the Church there have been human wrongs and abuses. Just the same therein we perceive the hand of God, Whose omnipotence, despite the frailty of human weak­ness, guides the Church through­out the centuries. But if all these calumnies against the Church and Papacy which—without indication of their sources—are collected in the 'Myth* had been even halfway true, the Church long ago would have disappeared from the face of the earth.

"Now scholarly defence against the historical inaccuracies in the 'Myth' has inquired into the sources of the 'Myth* and has pronounced a crushing opinion on the worth of these sources. Let us reread Studien mm Mythus of February 10. 1935. From the writings of Voltaire and German . communists it is not possible to construct a true picture of the Church, any more than it would be

(Contd: on page 11.)