maximum power transfer theorem 1 maximum power transfer theorem in many electrical and electronic...
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Maximum Power Transfer Theorem
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MAXIMUM POWER TRANSFER THEOREM
• In many electrical and electronic applications, we are interested in the amount of power received by a particular load (speaker, electric motor, antenna)
• Electric systems are a source of power and a load connected to that source
• Sources – Amplifiers, generators, power supplies
• All linearly constructed sources can be reduced to their Thevenin equivalent
• In DC circuits, the load can be represented by a resistance RL
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Maximum Power Transfer Theorem
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POWER DELIVERED TO LOAD
LLLLLLL RVRIIVP 22
• The source develops a voltage VL across the load and enables current IL to flow into it
• The power delivered to the load resistance (RL) depends on the value of RL
E T H
R T H
R L
IL
V L
+
-
T h e v e n in e quiv a le n tc ir c uit
L o a d
So ur c e
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Maximum Power Transfer Theorem
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MAXIMUM POWER, CURRENT AND VOLTAGE CONDITIONS
• Maximum current IL occurs when RL = 0 (shorted terminals)
• The maximum voltage VL occurs when RL = (open circuited terminals)
• Yet load power PL = 0 for both cases
• PL is maximum when RL equals the Thevenin equivalent resistance of the source, I.e. when RL = RTH
• The maximum power transfer theorem is thus:
• Maximum power is developed in a load when the load resistance equals the Thevenin resistance of the source to which it is connected
• Maximum power is delivered when VL = ETH/2
• Thus
TH
TH
L
LL R
E
R
VP
4(max)
22