maxillofacial trauma
TRANSCRIPT
• The etiology of maxilofacial injuries in
Is frequently a motor venicle or motorcycle
accident
Physical altercations
Physical altercations Home
accidentsHome
accidents
Athletic injuriesAthletic injuriesOther common
cause of facial injuries
Other common cause of facial
injuries
PRIORITIES OF CARE IN MAXILLOFACIAL INJURY TREATMENT
Early careEarly careNon emergent
Devinitive treatment
Emergency care
Care for the patient with maxillofacial injuries may be organized according to three prioritiesCare for the patient with maxillofacial injuries may be organized according to three priorities
CLASSIFICATION OF FACIAL FRACTURES
• Facial fractures are clasified as closed open
injuries as well as by the manatomic region
involved
• The amnatomic area in the upper face are:
– The frontal bone
– Frontal sinus
– Supraorbital areas
The orbit is devided into the RIM and the internal orbit
• RIM fractures are classified in the sections:o Supra orbital regiono Masoeth moidal regiono Zygomatic region
• The interval orbit in four section:o The medial (etmoidal) orbito The inferior orbit (orbital floor)o The Lateral orbito The superior (roof) portions
MAXILLA FRACTURES→ Are classified according to the general scheme of LE FORT
The nose and mandible complete the anatomic
regional areas of the faceThe nose and mandible complete the anatomic
regional areas of the face
RADIOGRAPHIC EXAMINATION
⇒ Radiography examination provides important
evidene to confirm the findings of the physical
examination
Angle classification of occlusion. A. Clas I, normal occlusion, B. Class I, retroocclusion or mandibular
deficiency, C. Class III, prognathic (maxillary deficiency or mandibular excess
Normal adult dental arches contain 32 teeth 16 in arch. There are three molars, two bicuspids, a cuspid and two incisors on each half of both
maxillary and mandibular arches
FRACTURE OF THE NOSE
→ Fracture of the nose may involve only the cartilaginous nasal septum of the nasal bones as well
Figure 12-9 Show a classification of nasal fractures according to: Dingman, Natvig and Dorzback
Figure 12-9 Show a classification of nasal fractures according to: Dingman, Natvig and Dorzback
FRACTURES OF THE INTERNAL ORBIT
→ Fractures of the internal orbit may involve the medial wall, floor, lateral wall, and orbital roof.
LE FORT MAXILLARY FRACTURES
Fractures of the maxilla in reality involve not only the
Maxilla but the bones and structures of the midfacial
region
→ A Classification developed by LE FORT is Commonly applied
FRONTOBASILAR FRACTURES
→ Fracture of the frontal skull, frontal sinus, supraorbital
areas, and nasoermoidal orbitak region are
encountered less commonly than orther types of facial
fracture
→ A combined neurosurgical-plastic surgery evaluation
and approach to treatment is important for reducing
complication
MANDIBULAR FRACTURES
→ The mondibular fractures is a common facial
injury, especially in the multiply injured patient
→ Classified according to the state of the dentition
and the region ofthe mandible in which the
fracture occurs
DIAGNOSIS
→ Suggested by the
presence of pain,
swelling, tenderness, and
malocclusion
A. Anatomi regions of the mandible
B. Frequency of fractures in those regions