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Maxillary and Mandibular Second andThird Molars


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Buccal aspect

Lingual aspect

Mesial aspect

Distal aspect

Occlusal aspect

Maxillary Second Molar


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Buccal aspect

The crown is a little shorter cervico-

occlusally and narrower mesiodistally.

The distobuccal cusp is smaller and

allows part of the distal marginal ridge.

The buccal roots are about the same

length.

The apex of the mesiobuccal root is on a

line with buccal groove of the crown

instead of the tip of the mesiobuccal

cusp, as found on the first molar.Dr.Syed Sadatullah Ibnsina National Medical College


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The distolingual cusp of the crown is

smaller.

The distobuccal cusp may be seen through

the sulcus between the mesiolingual and

distolingual cusp.

Dr.Syed Sadatullah Ibnsina National Medical College


5/19

The buccolingual dimension is about the

same ass that of the first molar but the

crown length is less.

The roots do not spread as far

buccolingually, being within the confines of

the buccolingual crown outline.



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The distobuccal cusp is smaller then

maxillary first molar, more of the

mesiobuccal cusp may be seen from this

angle.

The mesiolingual cusp cannot be seen.

The apex of the lingual root is in the line

with the distolingual cusp.



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Occlusal aspect is of rhomboidal shape

commonly.

The buccolingual diameter of crown is about

equal but the mesiodistal diameter is

approximately 1mm less.

The mesiobuccal and mesiolingual cusp are

just as large and well developed as in the 1st

molar, but the distobuccal and distolingual

cusp are smaller and less well developed.



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Maxillary Third Molar

Maxillary third molar varies considerably in size, shape

and position

It often presents itself as a developmental anomaly

Third molar supplements second molar and is also similarin its design

All third molars show more developmental variation than

any other teeth in the dentition


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The crown is shorter cervico-occusally and

narrower mesiodistally then that of second

molar.

The roots are usally fused,functioning as

one large root, and the are shorter cervico-

apically.

The roots have a distinct slant to the distal,

giving the apices of the fused root a more

distal relation to the center of the crown.



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In comparision with the maxillary second

molar, only one large lingual cusp is present

therefore no lingual cusp is evident.

However in many cases third molar with thesame essential features has a poorly

developed distolingual cusp with a

developmental groove lingually.



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The main feature is the taper to the fusedroots and a bifurcation usally in the region

of the apical third.

The root portion is considerably shorter inthe relation to the crown length.

Both the crown and the root portion tend to

be poorly developed, with the irregularoutlines.



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From this aspect most of the buccal surface

of the crown is in veiw.

More of the occusal surface can be seen with

respect to the second molar because of the

more acute angulation of the occlusalsurface in relation to the long axis of the

root.

The measurement from the cervical line tothe marginal ridge is small.



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Occlusal aspect of the typical maxillary third

molar presents a heart shaped outline.

The lingual cusp are larger and well

developed and no distolingual cusp is

evident,which gives a semicircular outline to

the tooth from one contact area to the other.

Three funcitional cusp are this type of

tooth:two buccal and one lingual.

The occlusal aspect presents many

supplemental and accidental grooves.Dr.Syed Sadatullah Ibnsina National Medical College


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Mandibular molars are the biggestteeth in the mandibular arch.

They have two broad roots for superioranchorage.

The crown of lower molars are widermesiodistally than buccolinguallym theopposite is true of upper molars.



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Mandibular Second Molar and Third Molar

Mandibular second molar is smaller than the first molar and the

third molar is smaller than the second molar

Mandibular second molar has four well developed cusps

The third molar varies considerably in shape and position andpresents many anomalies.

. Mandibular 3rd molar occasionally has four cusps, but five

cusps and more than five cusps are also not uncommonDr.Syed Sadatullah Ibnsina National Medical College


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17/19Dr.Syed Sadatullah Ibnsina National Medical College

Buccal aspect

Mandibular 2nd Molar

- From this aspect thecrown is shorter cervico-occlusally

- Two buccal cusps are

seen: mesiobuccal cuspand distobuccal cusp

- Both the cusps areequal in size

- Buccal developmentalgroove separates the twobuccal cusps

Mandibular 3rd Molar

- From this aspect thetooth varies considerably.

- The four cusp type hastwo buccal cusps

- The buccal cusps areshorter and rounded

- Both the cusps are

equal in size


18/19Dr.Syed Sadatullah Ibnsina National Medical College

Buccal aspect

Mandibular 2nd Molar Mandibular 3rd Molar


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Dr Syed Sadatullah Ibnsina National Medical College

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