matthias weidlich, jan mendling, mathias weske [email protected]
DESCRIPTION
Matthias Weidlich, Jan Mendling, Mathias Weske [email protected]. Behavioral Profiles An Abstraction for Efficient Calculation of Consistency between Process Models . Poster auf Berliner BPM-Offensive http://www.bpmb.de. Agenda. Why Consistency between Process Models? - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
![Page 1: Matthias Weidlich, Jan Mendling, Mathias Weske jan.mendling@wiwi.hu-berlin.de](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081514/56816649550346895dd9c3f7/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Matthias Weidlich, Jan Mendling, Mathias [email protected]
Behavioral ProfilesAn Abstraction for Efficient Calculation of
Consistency between Process Models
![Page 2: Matthias Weidlich, Jan Mendling, Mathias Weske jan.mendling@wiwi.hu-berlin.de](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081514/56816649550346895dd9c3f7/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
2Poster auf Berliner BPM-Offensive http://www.bpmb.de
![Page 3: Matthias Weidlich, Jan Mendling, Mathias Weske jan.mendling@wiwi.hu-berlin.de](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081514/56816649550346895dd9c3f7/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
Negotiate Contract
Conclusion of contract?
yes
no
High value?
yes
no
Contact Customer
Prepare Quote
Ask for Response
still interested
else
Contact from
Marketing
Request for Quote
Send Quote
Contact from Fair
2 weeks
Pos. Response
Neg. Response
Close Deal
Approvalby Country-
Manager
Approvalby Sales
Get Contact
Contact Customer
Close Deal
Negotiate Contract
Conclusion of contract?
yes
no
Approvalby Country-
Manager
Approvalby Sales
Submit Quote
High value?
yes
no
![Page 4: Matthias Weidlich, Jan Mendling, Mathias Weske jan.mendling@wiwi.hu-berlin.de](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081514/56816649550346895dd9c3f7/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
Agenda
• Why Consistency between Process Models?• Why Behavioural Profiles?• How to validate the concept?• What are further applications?• What to take home?
![Page 5: Matthias Weidlich, Jan Mendling, Mathias Weske jan.mendling@wiwi.hu-berlin.de](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081514/56816649550346895dd9c3f7/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
5
The Essence of Modeling
is model ofis model of
correspond
![Page 6: Matthias Weidlich, Jan Mendling, Mathias Weske jan.mendling@wiwi.hu-berlin.de](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081514/56816649550346895dd9c3f7/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
Vertical Alignment of Process Models
• Different purposes for the creation of process models– Process automation– Staff planning– Decision support– Business certification
• Results in significant differences between models describing (parts of) the very same process– Slicing of process models– Modelling granularity– Behavioural differences
![Page 7: Matthias Weidlich, Jan Mendling, Mathias Weske jan.mendling@wiwi.hu-berlin.de](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081514/56816649550346895dd9c3f7/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
Horizontal Alignment of Process Models
• Different variants of a common process, due to– Scope of the process – Organisational context– IT-landscape
• No big differences in modelling granularity• Still, defined behaviour might be different
Get Contact
Contact Customer
Close Deal
Submit Quote
Create Loss Report
Analyse Competitors Successful
Offer
else
Negotiate Contract Contract
Conclusion
else
Get Contact
Analyse Competitors
Submit Quote
Contact Customer
Close Deal
Create Loss Report
Successful Offer
Negotiate Contract Contract
Conclusion
else
else
![Page 8: Matthias Weidlich, Jan Mendling, Mathias Weske jan.mendling@wiwi.hu-berlin.de](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081514/56816649550346895dd9c3f7/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
8
Correspondences
Get Contact
Contact Customer
Close Deal
Negotiate Contract
Conclusion of contract?
yes
no
Approvalby Country-
Manager
Approvalby Sales
Submit Quote High value?
yes
no
Negotiate Contract
Conclusion of contract?
yes
no
High value?
yes
no
Contact Customer
Prepare Quote
Ask for Response
still interested
else
Contact from
Marketing
Request for Quote
Send Quote
Contact from Fair
2 weeks
Pos. Response
Neg. Response
Close Deal
Approvalby Country-
Manager
Approvalby Sales
Model 1
Correspondences
Model 2
![Page 9: Matthias Weidlich, Jan Mendling, Mathias Weske jan.mendling@wiwi.hu-berlin.de](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081514/56816649550346895dd9c3f7/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
Agenda
• Why Consistency between Process Models?• Why Behavioural Profiles?• How to validate the concept?• What are further applications?• What to take home?
![Page 10: Matthias Weidlich, Jan Mendling, Mathias Weske jan.mendling@wiwi.hu-berlin.de](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081514/56816649550346895dd9c3f7/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
Simply Comparing Activities is not enough
Get Contact
Contact Customer
Close Deal
Negotiate Contract
Conclusion of contract?
yes
no
Approvalby Country-
Manager
Approvalby Sales
Submit Quote High value?
yes
no
Negotiate Contract
Conclusion of contract?
yes
no
High value?
yes
no
Contact Customer
Prepare Quote
Ask for Response
still interested
else
Contact from
Marketing
Request for Quote
Send Quote
Contact from Fair
2 weeks
Pos. Response
Neg. Response
Close Deal
Approvalby Country-
Manager
Approvalby Sales
![Page 11: Matthias Weidlich, Jan Mendling, Mathias Weske jan.mendling@wiwi.hu-berlin.de](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081514/56816649550346895dd9c3f7/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
Existing Notions like Equivalence of Traces are too strict
Get Contact
Contact Customer
Close Deal
Negotiate Contract
Conclusion of contract?
yes
no
Approvalby Country-
Manager
Approvalby Sales
Submit Quote High value?
yes
no
Negotiate Contract
Conclusion of contract?
yes
no
High value?
yes
no
Contact Customer
Prepare Quote
Ask for Response
still interested
else
Contact from
Marketing
Request for Quote
Send Quote
Contact from Fair
2 weeks
Pos. Response
Neg. Response
Close Deal
Approvalby Country-
Manager
Approvalby Sales
![Page 12: Matthias Weidlich, Jan Mendling, Mathias Weske jan.mendling@wiwi.hu-berlin.de](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081514/56816649550346895dd9c3f7/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
Behavioural Profiles
• Need for a behavioural abstraction that is less sensitive to model projections or extensions, respectively
• Behavioural Profiles– capture behavioural characteristics by means of relations
between activities• Strict order• Exclusiveness• Interleaving order
– Based on weak order: weak order between A and B, if there is a trace in which B occurs after A
![Page 13: Matthias Weidlich, Jan Mendling, Mathias Weske jan.mendling@wiwi.hu-berlin.de](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081514/56816649550346895dd9c3f7/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
Behavioural Profiles
• Strict order between A and D• Exclusiveness between F and G• Interleaving order between C and E
A GD E
C
B
...
...F
H
![Page 14: Matthias Weidlich, Jan Mendling, Mathias Weske jan.mendling@wiwi.hu-berlin.de](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081514/56816649550346895dd9c3f7/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
Behavioural ProfileA B C D
A || || B + C || + D +
![Page 15: Matthias Weidlich, Jan Mendling, Mathias Weske jan.mendling@wiwi.hu-berlin.de](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081514/56816649550346895dd9c3f7/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
Properties
• Close to Trace Equivalence• Computable in O(n3) for Free Choice nets• Easy to calculate similarity, consistency, etc.
![Page 16: Matthias Weidlich, Jan Mendling, Mathias Weske jan.mendling@wiwi.hu-berlin.de](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081514/56816649550346895dd9c3f7/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
What about Trace Equivalence?
16
![Page 17: Matthias Weidlich, Jan Mendling, Mathias Weske jan.mendling@wiwi.hu-berlin.de](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081514/56816649550346895dd9c3f7/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
Agenda
• Why Consistency between Process Models?• Why Behavioural Profiles?• How to validate the concept?• What are further applications?• What to take home?
![Page 18: Matthias Weidlich, Jan Mendling, Mathias Weske jan.mendling@wiwi.hu-berlin.de](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081514/56816649550346895dd9c3f7/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
Case Study with SAP Reference Model
• Computation based on results proved for Petri nets
• Transformation– BPMN to PN– EPC to PN– UML AD to PN
• Computation in low polynomial time for certain class of models– EPC is sound – EPC has unambiguous instantiation semantics
![Page 19: Matthias Weidlich, Jan Mendling, Mathias Weske jan.mendling@wiwi.hu-berlin.de](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081514/56816649550346895dd9c3f7/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
Varying Degree of Profile Consistency
![Page 20: Matthias Weidlich, Jan Mendling, Mathias Weske jan.mendling@wiwi.hu-berlin.de](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081514/56816649550346895dd9c3f7/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
Consistent but not trace equivalent
![Page 21: Matthias Weidlich, Jan Mendling, Mathias Weske jan.mendling@wiwi.hu-berlin.de](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081514/56816649550346895dd9c3f7/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
Inconsistencies
![Page 22: Matthias Weidlich, Jan Mendling, Mathias Weske jan.mendling@wiwi.hu-berlin.de](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081514/56816649550346895dd9c3f7/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
Agenda
• Why Consistency between Process Models?• Why Behavioural Profiles?• How to validate the concept?• What are further applications?• What to take home?
![Page 23: Matthias Weidlich, Jan Mendling, Mathias Weske jan.mendling@wiwi.hu-berlin.de](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081514/56816649550346895dd9c3f7/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
23
Change in Process Model 1
– Assumptions• Change can be localized as a single node • Behavioural profile is consistent for aligned nodes
– Find boundary nodes for change• Aligned with target model• Closest nodes in strict order preceding and succeeding change
A XD E
C
B G ...
H ...
F
![Page 24: Matthias Weidlich, Jan Mendling, Mathias Weske jan.mendling@wiwi.hu-berlin.de](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081514/56816649550346895dd9c3f7/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
24
Change Propagation
– Derivation of change region supports• Analysis, whether a change should be applied• Application of a change in a consistent manner
– Change region might be empty• No flow arc in target model meets requirements for change• Boundary nodes and inter-boundary nodes guide adaptation
D
B
H
F
...6
4
2
5
1
3A
C
![Page 25: Matthias Weidlich, Jan Mendling, Mathias Weske jan.mendling@wiwi.hu-berlin.de](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081514/56816649550346895dd9c3f7/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
Action Patterns• Derivation of abstract actions
from activities• Mining of abstract patterns between
activities in a repository• Co-occurrences and
behavioural relations• Usage of these patterns for
modelling support
![Page 26: Matthias Weidlich, Jan Mendling, Mathias Weske jan.mendling@wiwi.hu-berlin.de](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081514/56816649550346895dd9c3f7/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
ICoP ArchitecturePair Searchers
Searcher 1
Searcher n
Scorefor Set
Process Graph 2
Process Graph 1
Multiset(overlapping)
Scored Match n
Scored Match 1
Boosters
Booster 1
Booster n
Set(overlapping)
Scored Match n
Scored Match 1
Set (non-overlapping)
Match nMatch 1
Set(non-overlapping)
Match n
Match 1Selector
Evaluator
•Architecture for the creation of matchers• Multi-step heuristic approach• Reuse of matching components• Adaptable & extendable
•Concrete matching components• Exemplify and evaluate
the architecture• Generalise existing approaches
![Page 27: Matthias Weidlich, Jan Mendling, Mathias Weske jan.mendling@wiwi.hu-berlin.de](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081514/56816649550346895dd9c3f7/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
Measurement of Compliance
• Different grouding of behavioural profiles for process models and for logs
VS
• Strictness of order relations of Behavioural Profile– Subsumption relation– For instance, interleaving order in process models subsumes
strict order in process log
A GD E
C
B
...
...F
H
E G C A CBA
E G C A CBAE G C A CBA
E G C A CBAE G C A CBA
![Page 28: Matthias Weidlich, Jan Mendling, Mathias Weske jan.mendling@wiwi.hu-berlin.de](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081514/56816649550346895dd9c3f7/html5/thumbnails/28.jpg)
Event Query Optimization
Process Models
Alert if A -> B and …
MonitoringQueries
ExtractingBehavioral
Profiles
QueryTranslation
sub(A) pull(B) …
Process TailoredExecution Plans
AnalystDomain Expertfor Processes
warning
s
![Page 29: Matthias Weidlich, Jan Mendling, Mathias Weske jan.mendling@wiwi.hu-berlin.de](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081514/56816649550346895dd9c3f7/html5/thumbnails/29.jpg)
Process Model Comprehension
![Page 30: Matthias Weidlich, Jan Mendling, Mathias Weske jan.mendling@wiwi.hu-berlin.de](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081514/56816649550346895dd9c3f7/html5/thumbnails/30.jpg)
Publications
• M. Weidlich, J. Mendling, M. Weske: Efficient Consistency Measurement based on Behavioural Profiles of Process Models. IEEE Transactions on Software Engineering (TSE). To appear, 2010.
• M. Weidlich, A. Polyvyanyy, J. Mendling, M. Weske: Efficient Calculation of Causal Behavioural Profiles using Structural Decomposition. In: 31st International Conference on the Application and Theory of Petri nets 2010, Braga, Portugal, 21-25 June 2010.
• M. Weidlich, R. Dijkman, J. Mendling: The ICoP Framework: Identification of Correspondences between Process Models. In: 22nd International Conference on Advanced Information Systems Engineering (CAiSE 2010), Hammamet, Tunesia, 07-11 June 2010.
• M. Weidlich, A. Polyvyanyy, N. Desai, J. Mendling: Process Compliance Measurement based on Behavioural Profiles. In: 22nd International Conference on Advanced Information Systems Engineering (CAiSE 2010), Hammamet, Tunesia, 07-11 June 2010.
• S. Smirnov, M. Weidlich, J. Mendling, M. Weske: Action Patterns in Business Process Models. In: 7th International Joint Conference on Service Oriented Computing (ICSOC 2009), Stockholm, Sweden, 24-27 November 2009.
• M. Weidlich, M. Weske, J. Mendling: Change Propagation in Process Models using Behavioural Profiles. In: IEEE International Conference on Services Computing (SCC 2009), Bangalore, India, 21-25 September 2009.
![Page 31: Matthias Weidlich, Jan Mendling, Mathias Weske jan.mendling@wiwi.hu-berlin.de](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081514/56816649550346895dd9c3f7/html5/thumbnails/31.jpg)
Other Selected Publications• H.A. Reijers, J. Mendling: A Study into the Factors that Influence the Understandability of Business
Process Models. IEEE Transactions on Systems Man & Cybernetics, Part A (SMCA), accepted. • I. Weber, J. Hoffmann, J. Mendling: Beyond Soundness: On the Verification of Semantic Business
Process Models. Distributed and Parallel Databases (DPD). Volume 27, Number 3, pages 271-343, 2010, Springer-Verlag.
• J. Mendling, H.A. Reijers, W.M.P. van der Aalst: Seven Process Modeling Guidelines (7PMG). Information and Software Technology (IST). Volume 52, Number 2, pages 127-136, 2010.
• J. Mendling, H.A. Reijers, J. Recker: Activity Labeling in Process Modeling: Empirical Insights and Recommendations. Information Systems (IS). Volume 35, Number 4, pages 467-482. 2010.
• G. Decker, J. Mendling: Process Instantiation. Data & Knowledge Engineering (DKE). Volume 68, pages 777-792. 2009. Elsevier B.V.
• C. Ouyang, M. Dumas, W. van der Aalst, A. ter Hofstede, and J. Mendling: From Business Process Models to Process-oriented Software Systems. ACM Transactions on Software Engineering and Methodology (TOSEM). Volume 19, Number 1, pages 2:1-2:37. July 2009. ACM.
• J. Mendling, B.F. van Dongen, W.M.P. van der Aalst: Getting Rid of OR-Joins and Multiple Start Events in Business Process Models. Enterprise Information Systems (EIS). Special Issue on EDOC 2007 Best Papers. Volume 2, Number 4, pages 403-419. October 2008. Taylor & Francis.
![Page 32: Matthias Weidlich, Jan Mendling, Mathias Weske jan.mendling@wiwi.hu-berlin.de](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081514/56816649550346895dd9c3f7/html5/thumbnails/32.jpg)
Agenda
• Why Consistency between Process Models?• Why Behavioural Profiles?• How to validate the concept?• What are further applications?• What to take home?
![Page 33: Matthias Weidlich, Jan Mendling, Mathias Weske jan.mendling@wiwi.hu-berlin.de](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081514/56816649550346895dd9c3f7/html5/thumbnails/33.jpg)
What to take home
• Behavioural Profiles provide useful abstraction• Profiles can be calculated efficiently• Profiles can be used in various scenarios