Matter By Lindsey Emerson Introdu ction Matter is anything that takes up space and has mass. Mass is the amount of matter making up an object. Mass is measured by a balance pan. The 3 states of matter are solid, liquid, and gas. There are properties of matter, some properties are buoyancy, color, texture, and shape. What's Matter? Solid A solid has a definite shape. It also has a definite size. The particles of a solid are packed tightly. The particles only movement is to vibrate. A liquid does not have a definite shape. It takes the shape of the container. However it does have a definite amount of space. For example one cup of milk is one cup of milk. The particles of a liquid move slowly but move more freely then a solid. Liquid A gas has no fixed size. It also has no definite shape- takes the shape of anything. The particles of a gas move fast and free. Gas Properties describe matter. Properties are things that you can observe.Some examples of properties are buoyancy, color, texture, shape, and hardness. Properties Measuring Matter!! Are a!! Perimeter!! Volume!! Area is a measurement that describes the number of square units that covers a surface. Area's formula is A=l x w. Area Perimeter is measuring the distance around an object. Perimeter's formula is P=add all 4 sides. Perimeter Volume describes how much space an object takes up. Volume's formula is V= l x w x h. Volume Reduce means to not to buy things that don't have a lot of packaging. Reduce Reuse means to use something over again instead of throwing it away. Reuse Recycle means to make something new out of something else. Recycle Weight is the measure of the pull of gravity between an object and Earth. Weight can be measured using an instrument called a spring scale. Weight Weight Density is the amount of matter in a given space. Density is based of mass and volume. Density Examples: gold, silver, and oxygen Building blocks of matter Made up of only one type of matter Elements Smallest particles of an element Atoms of one element are all alike Atoms Examples: mixed veggies, salt water, and grape juice Solution is a mixture that is blended completely Two or more types of matter combined Each type keeps its original properties Can be separated 1. sort by picking 2. filter 3. evaporation Mixture Forms when 2or more elements combine chemically Each element loses its properties when combined Examples: salt,sugar, and rust Compound A mixture of 2 or more elements- one must be metal Mixing metal with another element can make it stronger Alloy Alloy The mass of the object stays the same Heat energy and the loss of heat energy causes matter to change state Begins and ends with the same type of matter 4 types 1. change in size and shape 2. change in texture Physical Change Involves energy either takes in or gives off energy Changes in matter itself ( start with one kind of matter and end with another) Example: penny+ vinegar vapor= copper acetate The new matter has properties different than the mater you started with Chemical Change