matter and energy
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Matter and Energy. Glencoe Chapter 9-2: Pages 260-265. I. Kinetic Molecular Theory. A. Main Points 1. All matter is made of atoms and molecules that act like tiny particles 2. The particles are always in motion higher temperature = faster motion - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
I. Kinetic Molecular TheoryA. Main Points
1. All matter is made of atoms and molecules
that act like tiny particles
2. The particles are always in motion
higher temperature = faster motion
3. At the same temperature, more massive
particles move slower than less massive
particles
B. States of Matter (4 common)1. Solid
a. Definite volume
b. Definite shape
c. Rigid structure
d. Particles have almost NO freedom to move
e. Held together by strong attractive forces
B. States of Matter (4 common)2. Liquid
a. Definite volume
b. NO definite shape
Takes shape of container
c. Particles not tightly packed and have
freedom to move
d. Particles slightly attracted to each other
B. States of Matter (4 common)2. Liquid (continued)
e. Have the ability to spread out on their own
Fluidf. Viscosity- the resistance of a
fluid to flow 1. Thicker = More viscous =
flows slower 2. Thinner = Less viscous =
flows faster 3. Determined by attraction between particles
B. States of Matter (4 common)3. Gas a. No definite volume
b. No definite shape
expands to fill container / available space
c. Particles move rapidly and freely
d. Exerts pressure by hitting the walls of
container
B. States of Matter (4 common)4. Plasma - highly charged, fast moving particles
- a super heated ionized gas
C. Energy- the ability to change or move matter1. Change of state requires energy transfer
(environment matter)
a. Melting (solid to liquid) \
b. Evaporation (liquid to gas) } energy
c. Sublimation (solid to gas) / absorbed
(put in)
C. Energy- the ability to change or move matter
d. Freezing (liquid to solid) \ energy
e. Condensation (gas to liquid) / released
(let go)
2. Energy absorbed
molecules move faster and break away
3. Energy released
molecules move slower and stick together
C. Energy- the ability to change or move matter
D. Conservation of mass1. Changing state does not change the
composition or the mass of the substance
2. Law of conservation of mass
Mass cannot be created or destroyed, but
the matter can only change form
3. Law of conservation of energy
Energy cannot be created or destroyed,
but the energy can only change form