1.MEAN SQUARE ESTIMATION OF SIGNALS

Algorithm

1.Start

2.Generate random date n[i] of length n

3.Declarevthe time varying dispersieve channel

4.Modulate the date using Msk and transmit through the channel

5.Calculate meansquare error using expression

Mse=(1/n) ∑v=1n (e2)

Where e=n(i)-r(i),r is the received sequence after demodulation

6.Stop

2.IMPLEMENTATION OF LMS ALGORITHM

Algorithm

1.Start

2.Initialize the algorithm by setting all filter coefficients to zero

H^k(0)=0

K=0,1,2,………m

3.Using sample values of desired response and top inputs available at iteration,compute corresponding sample values of the estimation error

En=dn-∑k=0mhk(n)xn-k

4.For a prescribed adaptation constant µ,compute the updated estimate of the kth filter coefficient

H^K(n+1)=h^k(n)+µenxn-k

5.Increment the iteration number n by ones,goback to step2 and repeat the computation

6.Stop

3.Huffman Coding and Decoding

Algorithm

1.Start

2.List the source symbols in the decreasing order of probability

3.Two source symbols of the lowest probability are assigned 0 or 1

4.Combine these source symbols into a new source symbol with probasbility equal to the sum of the two original probabilities

5.Place the probability of new symbol in the list in accordance with its value

6.Repeat step 1to 5 until a final list of source symbol of only two is obtained,for which a 0 and 1 are assigned

7.Stop

4.Comparison of effect in a dispersive Channel for BPSK,QPSK&MSk

Algorithm

1.Start

2.Generate random data of length n

3.Declare the time varying dispersieve channel

4.Modulate the data using BSPK & transmit through the channel

5.Calculate the bit error rate by comparing the received data with actual data

6.Repeat the procedure for the other modulating formats suchas Qpsk& msk

7.Compare and plot the bit error rates for all modulating formats

8.Stop

5.Study of eye diagram of PAM Transmission System

Algorithm

1.Start

2.Generate random data of length n

3.Take first two bits of generated data

4.Combine it with first predefined binary combination

5.if both are equal assign a voltage level corresponds to that binary combination

7.Repeat step 4to6 for the remaining bits of generated data

8.Transmit the PAM signal through a pre defined channel\

9.Generate eye pattern from received signal

10.Stop

6.Generation of QAM signal and constellation Graph

Algorithm

1.Start

2.Generate random data of length n

3.Take the first 4 bits of generated data

4.Compare it with first predefined binary combination

5.If both are equal,assign the coefficients for the inphase and quadrature signals corresponds to that

binary combination otherwise compare it with the next combination and repeat step

6.Generate QAM signal

7.Repeat step 4 to 6 for remaining bits of generated data

8.Plot the QAM signal & generate signal point constellation

9.Stop