m at e r i a l m a k e u p :l o g

A L O N A YA N S H I N AE X E R C I S E 1 . 1

t i m e l i n e + d e v e l o p m e n t

l o g c a b i n - i n t e r l o c k e dc o r n e r s b y c u t t i n g n o t c h e s i n t h e e n d s o f t h e l o g s .

u s i n g l o g j o i n e r y t e c h n i q u e , s t r u c t u r e s g r e w h i g h e r

l o g s w e r e c u t i n t o t i m b e r b y c u t t i n g t h e s i d e s o f t h e l o g s i n t o f l at s u r f a c e s . t h i s a l l o w e d f o r a m o r e r e f i n e d d w e l l i n g a n d s i m p l i f i e d , f a s t e r a n d m o r e s e c u r e s y s t e m o f c o n s t r u c t i o n .

b e n e f i t s o f w o o d c o n s t r u c t i o n a r e b e i n g u t i l i z e d i n m o d e r nb u i l d i n g s .

t e c h n o l o g i c a l a d v a n c e m e n t s - e n g i n e e r e d w o o dPlywood: Sheets of cross-laminated veneer bonded under heat and pressure with durable, moisture-resistant adhesives. Alternating grain direction of veneers increases strength.

Fibreboard (MDF): breaking down hard-wood or softwood residuals into wood fibres, combining it with wax and a resin binder, and forming panels by applying high temperature and pressure.

Particle board: Combining wood chips, sawmill shavings, or sawdust, and a syn-thetic resin or other suitable binder, which is pressed and extruded. Cheaper than plywood.

Oriented strand board: structural pan-el manufactured from rectangular-shaped strands of wood that are oriented length-wise and then arranged in layers, laid up into mats, and bonded together with mois-ture-resistant, heat-cured adhesives. No gaps or voids

Laminated timber: several layers of dimensional timber glued together with moisture-resistant adhesives, creating a large, strong, structural member that can be used as vertical columns or horizontal beams. Glulam can also be produced in curved shapes, offering extensive design flexibility.

Laminated veneer: bonding thin wood veneers together in a large billet. The grain of all veneers in the LVL billet is parallel to the long direction. The resulting product features enhanced mechanical properties and dimensional stability that offer a broader range in product width, depth and length than conventional lumber.

Cross laminated: Multi-layered panel made of lumber. Each layer of boards is placed cross-wise to adjacent layers for increased rigidity and strength. CLT can be used for long spans and all assemblies, e.g. floors, walls or roofs. Advantage of faster construction as the panels are prefabricat-ed.

Parallel strand: Long veneer strands laid in parallel formation and bonded together with an adhesive to form the finished structural section. A strong, consistent material, it has a high load car-rying ability and is resistant to seasoning stresses so it is well suited for use as beams and columns for post and beam construction, and for beams, headers, and lintels for light framing construction.

Transparent wood composites: new composites made at the laboratory scale that combine trans-parency and stiffness. They are not available yet on the market.

w o o d c o m p o s i t i o n + q u a l i t i e s

wood cellsa - support loads substantially greater than weight

b - cells yield under much lower loads

H a r d w o o d s d e r i v e f r o m d e c i d -u o u s t r e e s , m e a n i n g t h at t h e y w i l l l o s e t h e i r l e a v e s s e a s o n -a l ly.

O f t e n u s e d i n f u r n i t u r e . C a n b e u s e d i n c o n s t r u c t i o n b u t u s u a l ly n e a r e r t h e l at t e r s ta g e s . E . g . d o o r s a n d f l o o r s .

U s u a l ly m o r e e x p e n s i v e t h a n s o f t w o o d s .

A h i g h d e n s i t y c r e at e s a h a r d -w o o d , h e n c e t h e t e r m “ h a r d -w o o d ” .

F o u n d a l m o s t e v e r y w h e r e . S p e c i f i c r e g i o n s i n c l u d e t h e A m e r i c a s a n d t h e T r o p i c s .

S l o w.

T y p i c a l ly h a r d e r ( b u t t h e r e a r e s o m e e x c e p t i o n s ) . B r o a d l e a v e s a n d e n c l o s e d n u t s . H i g h l e v e l s o f d e n s i t y.

h a r d w o o ddefinition

use

cost

density

areas found

growth rate

properties

s o f t w o o dS o f t w o o d s a r e c o n i f e r t r e e s , m e a n i n g t h at t h e y w i l l k e e p t h e i r l e a v e s a l l y e a r r o u n d .

O f t e n u s e d i n c o n s t r u c -t i o n . T y p i c a l ly u s e d t o b u i l d j o i s t s , r a f t e r s a n d t h e f r a m e o f a b u i l d i n g .

U s u a l ly l e s s e x p e n s i v e t h a n h a r d w o o d s .

L o w e r d e n s i t y t h a n h a r d -w o o d s .

F o u n d i n t h e n o r t h e r n h e m i -s p h e r e .

f a s t

S o f t e r a n d l e s s d e n s e . L o w -e r d u r a b i l i t y. M o r e k n o t t y.

p e r f o r m a n c ea c o u s t i c sideal for sound absorption. Wood prevents echo and noise by absorbing sound.

Sound energy loss as a result of friction is also significantly low in woods due to its lightness and structure. Because of such properties, wood is extensively used in musical instruments.

t h e r m a l + e l e c t r i cWood has a natural resistance to electrical conduction when dried to standard moisture content (MC) levels, usually between 7%-12% for most wood species. its strength and dimensions are also not significantly affected by heat, providing stability to the finished building and even safety implications for certain fire situations.

wood outperforms even steel when it comes to breaking length (or self-sup-port length). it can support its own weight better, which allows for larger spaces and fewer necessary supports in some building designs.

t e n s i l e s t r e n g t h D I S A D V A N TA G E SSHRINKAGE AND SWELLINGDETERIORATIONFUNGIMOSITUREINSECT INFESTATION

100% renewable building material - can be grown and regrown through natural processes and also through replanting and forestry management programs

locks up carbon for the life of the building

emits significantly lower volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and carbon dioxideoff-gasses than aluminum, steel, concrete and plastics.

biodegradable - When exposed to natural climate conditions, wood will break down much more quickly and actually replenish the soil in the process

lightweight cellular structure also makes wood a natural insulator

s u s ta i n a b i l i t y

a b i l i t y t o b e j o i n e d d r i v e s t h e c r a f t

w o o d + c r a f t

a e s t h e t i c s o f w o o d

g r a i n p at t e r n s

w a r m at m o s p h e r e

r e d u c e d t o s m a l l s c a l e c a n s t e a m b e n d

c o l o r v a r i e t y