masters theses competition 2008 krissada chalermsook (104512) a semantics-based and flexible...
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Masters Theses Competition 2008Krissada Chalermsook (104512)
A Semantics-based and Flexible Framework for Web Services Composition
Agenda
Proposed Framework2
3 Evaluation
Conclusions4
1 Introduction
Agenda
Proposed Framework2
3 Evaluation
Conclusions4
1 Introduction
Introduction
Web ServicesSemantic Web ServicesWeb Services DiscoveryWeb Services CompositionWeb Services InvocationSemantic Web Services ChallengeSemantic Web Services FrameworkObjective
Web Services
Today’s world, the need of cooperation between enterprise has increased
Web services was designed to support interoperable machine to machine interaction over a network
3 roles- service provider, service requesters and service registry
Semantic Web Service
When time passes, the number of web services has increased -> hard for human to read and select the services.
Automate Web services operationsService Providers can add more information to
Web Services and machine can process that information
Service Requestors also can specify the goal to find Web services in the way that machine can process and return the matched Web services
Computer should has Domain knowledge that help in processing the information
Automation Tasks of Semantic Web Services
Web Services DiscoveryWeb Services InvocationWeb Services Composition
Web Services Discovery
Discover the appropriate Web services based on a request’s properties
Ex. Find the Notebook-selling Web services that have Fujitsu notebook
Manual VS. Automatic Web Services DiscoveryEx. Buying Fujitsu Notebook
Manual
Automatic
(WS)NotebookStore Bangkok
(WS)NotebookStore Chiangmai
Web Page show Notebooks sold in
Notebookstore Bangkok
Web Page show Notebooks sold in
Notebookstore Chiangmai
1.Read
1.Read
2. Choose
(WS)NotebookStore Bangkok
(WS)NotebookStore Chiangmai
Semantic Markup show Notebooks sold in
Notebookstore Bangkok
Semantic Markup show Notebooks sold in
Notebookstore Chiangmai
1. I want to find Nookbookshop that have Fujitsu brand
2.Read
3. Choose
4.Result
2.Read
Apple
IBM
Fujitsu
IBM
Domain Knowledge
Apple
Fujitsu
IBM
IBMOther 1000 Notebook
StoresWeb
Services
Future
Web Services Invocation
Execute an identified Web service Example - Execute Notebook Web
services to buy the notebook
Manual VS. Automatic Web Services Invocation
Manual
Automatic
(WS)NotebookStore Bangkok
Web Page for users to fill information for buying
Web services Endpoint
1.Execute by user-Interface
1.Execute by Http-request
(WS)NotebookStore Bangkok
Semantic Markup for Web services Invocation
1. I want to buy Fujitsu lifebook model AAA fromNotebookStore Bangkok
Domain Knowledge
2. Read and Invoke
Web Service Composition
Different users have different requirements of Web Services
Only 1 service cannot fulfill user’s requirement – Ex. travel (reserve hotel, flight, car rental), buy notebook and docking station (notebookshop, notebook docking shop, shipment)
Compose many services into one service to get new function.
Make Web services reusable – one Web services can be used in many compositions – Ex. Shipment Service Book Shop Notebook Shop
Reusability reduce development time and effort for new applications
Web Service Composition No condition
(WS)BookStore Phuket
I want to -Buy notebook
- Ship notebook to my house
(WS)BookStore Chiangmai
(WS)BookStore Krabi
(WS)NotebookStore Bangkok
(WS)Shipment Company Eastern
(WS)Shipment Company Western
(WS)Shipment Company Central
(WS)Shipment Company North16 Composition
Web Service Composition With Condition
(WS)NoteBookStore Phuket
I want to -Buy Fujitsu Notebook
- Ship notebook to my house
I live in Bangkok
(WS)NoteBookStore Chiangmai
(WS)NoteBookStore Krabi
(WS)NoteBookStore Bangkok
(WS)Shipment Company Eastern
(WS)Shipment Company Western
(WS)Shipment Company Central
(WS)Shipment Company North1 Composition
Fujitsu
IBM
AppleIBM
Apple
IBM
Manual Web Services Composition
Web page1.Read Web Page that contains notebook information2. Choose NotebookStore Bangkok (Have Fujitsu)3.Read Web Page that contain shipments information4. Choose Shipment Company Central (can ship to Bangkok)
(WS)BookStore Phuket
(WS)BookStore Chiangmai
(WS)BookStore Krabi
(WS)NotebookStore Bangkok (WS)Shipment Company Eastern
(WS)Shipment Company Western
(WS)Shipment Company Central
(WS)Shipment Company North
Web page
Web page
Web page
Web page
Web page
Web page
Web page
(WS)Shipment Company Eastern
(WS)Shipment Company Central
I ship to Eastern
I ship to Central
I sell notebook Fujitsu and IBM
I sell notebook Apple and IBM
I want to buy Fujisu notebook and ship it to my house in Bangkok
Process(WS)Shipment Company Central +(WS) NoteBookStore Bangkok
Domain Knowledge
(WS)NoteBookStore Chiangmai
(WS)NoteBookStore Bangkok
Machine UnderstandableInformation
Automatic Web Service Composition
Send
Answers
Semantic Web Services Challenge
Organization set up problem for evaluation of Semantic Web services
Set up Semantic Web services problems and let participant find the solutions
Problem includes Web services discovery Web services invocation Web services composition
Framework for Semantic Web services
There are many frameworks nowadaysThe framework cannot solve some
problems because there are limitation in technologies each framework used
PoliMi-Cefriel (WebML)
Glue discovery framework for Web service discovery
Composition using WebML - a graphical CASE tool which can model in Top-down approach
Glue discovery engine is not expressive enough to model the “work day” (Monday – Friday)
The framework cannot handle complex compositions.
DERI (WSMX)
Model Web services composition using Abstract State Machine logic which is complicated for services providers and services requesters
Do not have temporal reasoning
FSU Jena (DIANE)
DSD for discovery the services and compose the results using BPEL
Manually create BPEL process in composition tasks
Cannot do the arithmetic computations on time instances
Problems Level for each Framework using SWS Challenge
Characteristic of Good Semantic Web Services Framework
CompletenessFlexibilityEase to use
Completeness
The completeness – the service composition frameworks can compose or discover solution services from a set of services based on user specific goal if that set has at least one solution.
Completeness
(WS)NoteBookStore Phuket
I want to -Buy book
- Ship book to my house
I live in Bangkok
(WS)NoteBookStore Chiangmai
(WS)NoteBookStore Krabi
(WS)NoteBookStore Bangkok
(WS)Shipment Company Eastern
(WS)Shipment Company Western
(WS)Shipment Company Central
(WS)Shipment Company North
the service composition approaches can find this answer
Flexibility
Flexibility – the framework can solve new kinds of problem with little effort – (little changes of code or not at all)
1. Buy Notebook Ship notebook to home
2. Buy Notebook Ship notebook to homeBuy Notebook Docking
Ease to Use
The ease of a language for annotating services
BookStoreLocation = Bangkok
SellOnlyCartoon BookEvery Book cost > 50 baht
<WebService name=“BookStore”><location>Bangkok </location><Sell>Cartoon</Sell>….</WebService>
Objective
To develop a framework and prototype system for Semantic Web Services discovery and composition with Completeness Flexibility Ease to use for service providers
To evaluate the propose framework with other works done before by using Semantic Web Services Challenge scenario to be case study.
Agenda
Proposed Framework2
3 Evaluation
Conclusions4
1 Introduction
Proposed Framework
An Example problemStep to use the systemRequirementsSystem DesignSolution to Web services discovery and
composition
An Example Problem
Buy Notebook 3 shops
Buy Notebook Docking Station 3 shops (Same as Notebook shops)
Ship Notebook 5 shippers
Buy Notebook Ship notebook to homeBuy Notebook docking station
A Requester’s preference
Buy Notebook Any brand Harddisk >= 40 Gb Ram >= 512 Mb
Buy Notebook Docking station Compatible with notebook
Ship Notebook Ship to NewYork The notebook’s weight is 100 lb
Step to use the system
Nxet Engin
e
NXET Rule File Requester’s
Goal
Web Services Repository
Sets of Services (Only names of services)
Composition Management
Module
BPEL EngineBPR File
Composed Service
Old Composed Service
Knowledge Repository
(Mediator and Ontologies)
Discovery Management Module
1. Services providers create Web services annotation
2. Services providers create Ontologies and Mediators
3. Administrator Create Rule4. Services requesters
specify goal5. The system discover the
services6. The system generate the
BPEL process archive file and publish to server
Requirements of System
Service Providers can annotate service in WSMO Web Service form.
Service Providers can use the mediator to match the system ontology with their ontology
Service Requestors can specify goal in WSMO Goals form and get the correct composed Web Service.
Administrators can add more rules.
The system can compose the Active- BPEL archive file and result in new composed Web Service
Requirements of System
If there are many composition results, the system can rank the result based on service requestors preferences by using Quality of Web Service (Availability, Accessibility, Integrity, Performance, Reliability, Regulatory, Security) .
System Design
finalThesis\figures\system-design.jpg
Solution to Web services discovery and composition
How can we select and compose the services using XET
Nxet Engin
e
Requester’s Goal
Web Services Repository
Knowledge Repository
(Mediator and Ontologies)
Discovery Management Module
NXET Rule File
Web services discovery and composition
For Web services discovery Consider only discovery of 1 Web service – shipment
Web service• to: NewYork• package weight: 100 lbs
For Web services composition Buy Any Notebook
• At least 512 MB RAM • At least 40 GB HDD
Buy Notebook Docking station• Compatible with notebook
Ship the notebook• to: NewYork • package weight: 100 lbs
XET for Web Services Discovery
XET concept = solve main problem by transforming the main problem into sub-problems and solve sub-problems
Main problem = Find Web services that match the user’s goal (functions in term of precondition and postcondition + constraints in destination and weight)
Subproblem 1 = Find the Web services pre(WebService) = pre(Goal) post(WebService) = post(Goal)
Subproblem 2 = Find the Web services that meet all constraints Sub-subproblem 1 = destination Sub-subproblem 2 = weight
XET Execution
Rule
Head
Body
Query (Goal) (Main problem)
1.Match
2. Execute body(Sub problems)
Web services composition problems
Buy Notebook Ship notebook to homeBuy Notebook
Docking
XET for Web Services Composition
Main problem = Find Web services that match the user’s goal (functions in term of precondition and postcondition + constraints) Subproblem 1 = If pre(Goal) = A and Post(Goal)= B,
find the sequences of Web services W0, W1,.., Wn that
Subproblem 2 = Find the Web services that meet all constraints
• Notebook Conditions• Notebook Docking Conditions• Shipment Conditions
W0 W1 WnW2 …A BA1 A1 A2 A2
XET for Web Services Composition(Con’t)
The sequence of service was passed to Composition management module to generate everything that Active-BPEL Engine need
The result of the composition is a newly composed Web services
Semantic Inference Problem – Compose Notebook and Notebook Docking Station (Inter Constraints)
Select Web services that have compatible docking stations
If the notebook is HP, the notebook docking station must support HP
Solution
Ontologies of the notebook docking station and including notebook model that it supportinstance a00000018 memberOf DockingStation
gtin hasValue "a00000018"
price hasValue "199"
category hasValue "DockingStation"
brand hasValue "IBM"
name hasValue "IBM-Dockingstation"
formodel hasValue "a00000008"
Composition Module
1. Bargainer service(Notebook)2. Hawker service(Notebook Docking)3. Muller service (Shipment)
Composition Management
Module
Discovery Management Module
BPEL EngineBPR File
New Service
Old Composed ServiceGenerate BPEL, WSDL andOther files from the servicesGiven from Discovery Management Module
Agenda
Proposed Framework2
3 Evaluation
Conclusions4
1 Introduction
Evaluation
Evaluation criteria Ease of Use Completeness Flexibility
Ease of Use
No logic is needed for services providers and services requesters
Some solutions need logicComparison of Features with other
frameworks.
Completeness
Can solve all problem in SWS challengeComparison of Problems that the
framework can solve with other frameworks.
Flexibility
Moving from the mediation problem V.1 (4 processes) to mediation problem V.2 (6 processes) need only the change in description code.
Comparison of Flexibility with other frameworks.
Agenda
Proposed Framework2
3 Evaluation
Conclusions4
1 Introduction
Conclusion
The research proposed a unified framework for Web services discovery and composition
The framework makes use of XDD, WSMO and BPEL
The framework can solve every problem in SWS challenge
The framework needs only a change in description code when moving from mediation problem V.1 (4 processes) to mediation problem V.2 (6 processes)
Service providers and requesters do not need to know any knowledge when using the framework
www.themegallery.com
Questions & Comments