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SAP Solution in DetailSAP Intelligent Product Design

Mastering Product Complexity and Accelerating Development Cycles

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Table of Contents

3 Quick Facts

4 Managing Systems Engineering from End to End

8 Keeping the Full Product Lifecycle Transparent

16 Validating and Integrating the System

21 TallyingtheBenefits

© 2019 SAP SE or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved.

SummaryThe SAP® Intelligent Product Design solution fos-ters end-to-end, requirements-driven systems engineering and helps you build the solid platform for cross-disciplinary collaboration essential in the age of “mechatronics.” From ideation to service, systems engineering becomes a seamless process in which simulation identifies potential flaws early. Efforts in every business function are grounded in a deep understanding of customer needs and wishes and product architecture and behavior. With this solution, you can conquer complexity and slash time to market.

Objectives • Collate requirements from customer demand and internal feedback

• Develop complex products in interdisciplinary teams across multiple sites

• Use best practices and common approaches to facilitate systems engineering

• Test and validate products thoroughly against defined requirements

• Facilitate simulations early in the product development process

• Integrate design into the SAP software environment

Solution • Grounding in the V-model of the systems development lifecycle

• Acquiring the voice of the customer and channeling and harmonization of multisource input on requirements

• Systems Modeling Language to maintain cross-disciplinary models of the end system and its components

• Consistent management of product data and a structured approach to system testing

• Simulation tools for verifying requirements fulfillment

• Collaboration with product development stakeholders on structured and unstructured product data

Benefits • Innovate flexibly and design efficiently in volatile business environments

• Boost product quality and lower engineering change costs

• Reduce servitization costs with software compatibility control

• Streamline development and reduce time to market with seamless collaboration

• Certify compliance through versioning and traceability

Learn More For more on SAP Intelligent Product Design, visit us online.


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Quick Facts


https://www.sap.com/products/product-development-collaboration.html


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Managing Systems Engineering from End to End

tial in an age when tech-savvy customers want to understand at a deeper level how their products work so they can optimize performance and suggest improvements.

In response, companies rely on an increased use of “mechatronics” – combining the output of traditional mechanical engineering efforts with software, electrical, and electronic components – to differentiate their products in the marketplace. This shift to include intricate mechatronic com-ponents from several disciplines introduces a new level of complexity by branching product design processes. And with added complexity comes a greater risk of error and misunder-standing in transfers across business functions. SAP Intelligent Product Design addresses these evolving challenges from the ground up. It helps you keep all the participants across functions fully up to date as you conceive, design, develop, and test new products. Sharing ideas during all stages of design and development helps the extended systems engineering team spot potential flaws early, when the costs for fixing them are lowest.

The SAP Intelligent Product Design solution is software as a service that supports your engineer-ing process from requirements definition to system verification. The solution helps you main-tain the functional, logical, and structural views of the evolving product in one place. You can collate requirements initiated by market trends, customer demands, and internal needs – and manage the full process of responding to them, from design through operation. You begin by defining product architecture and behavior and finish by validating the fulfillment of defined requirements.

SAP Intelligent Product Design empowers you to pursue requirements-driven development of intelligent products, maintaining live product intelligence across engineering disciplines and business functions.

ADDING SOFTWARE, ELECTRICAL, AND ELECTRONIC ENGINEERING With innovation cycles accelerating and time to market shrinking due to customer demand for new products, developers are pressured to streamline their processes. Moreover, transparency is essen-

Product development grows more challenging every day. Customers demand personalized products and overnight delivery, and manufacturers strive to compete by frequently enhancing products and services. Allowable time to market shrinks, and innovations often require combining electronics and software with mechanics. Product designers need an integrated approach with cross-disciplinary collaboration and end-to-end engineering to navigate this complexity. The SAP® Intelligent Product Design solution can help.



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The right leg contains the steps for testing devel-oped components and the whole system against specifications and validating the fulfillment of defined requirements. The outcomes of virtual and physical testing help pinpoint weak points in design so they can be reworked. The model allows for front-loading approaches to help identify issues early and minimize the cost of corrective measures.

APPLYING THE V-MODELVarious methodologies support the implementa-tion of systems engineering along the system development lifecycle, which is typically repre-sented with a model in the shape of the letter “V” (see Figure 1). In the typical representation of the V-model, the left leg contains the development steps. They start with an abstract description of the product and move through increasingly concrete views to a representation of the detailed design repre-sented in authoring tools such as CAD software.

Figure 1: A Typical V-Model of the Systems Development Lifecycle

Requirements engineering

System validation

Functional modeling

System verification deployment

Logical modeling

Subsystem verification

Physical design

Unit and device testing

Software and electric or electronics mechanics

System validation

Systemverificationplan

Subsystem

Unit device plan



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IDENTIFYING SYSTEMS ENGINEERING ROLESIn the first step in the design of a new product, the require-ments engineer collects and aligns the system requirements. These describe product characteristics on a functional level, clarifying which features and values are expected from the target product. Then, the systems engineer works with these requirements to analyze the specific functions each compo-nent needs to perform, breaking them down as necessary and considering aspects such as safety concerns or industry standards. In step three, the systems engineer derives the logical connections between subsystems and puts together a logical model of the system based on the functional descrip-tion. And finally, the systems engineer constructs a physical model to describe the high-level structure of the product, identifying components that must be developed and those that can be reused from other products. The physical model supports the CAD representations produced by design engineers to illustrate evolving components.

The table outlines the responsibilities of various key players in the systems engineering process, along with the contribu-tions each makes to intelligent product design.

SAP Intelligent Product Design helps you maintain live product intelligence across engineering disciplines and business functions.



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Table: Responsibilities and Tasks of Key Players

Role Responsibility Tasks

Project manager Drives the overall development project and helps set decision-making criteria

Maintains an overview of the require-ments of the new product and of the new system design

Understands how all designs, docu-ments, and objects are linked in the system of record and how changes along the engineering lifecycle can be traced

Product manager Defines the overall capabilities of the product based on market needs and is responsible for the success of the product

Provides strategic input based on the long-term view of the market, oversees requirements, and traces where they are used and fulfilled

Understands the interdependencies among related objects

Requirements engineer Defines, documents, and maintains requirements

Serves as the main user and works with the full functionality

Checks that the solution is improving day-to-day business by providing a way to manage all requirements

Systems engineer Develops the architecture encompass-ing the design of systems and subsys-tems and analyzes how objects interact with one another

Checks for the fulfillment of require-ments and various external needs such as safety, security, maintainability, and reusability

Design engineer Retrieves requirements and links related objects

Maps design against requirements and checks for other product specifications that may be affected

Quality engineer Executes the testing plans Checks whether each test performs as specified

Quality manager Creates test cases and manages all related test cases and the linkage between test cases and requirements

Maintains an overview on all test cases related to the new product and how well each is executed

Tracks down proof of test coverage, analyzes errors, and specifies reuse of test cases

User stakeholder Provides substantial input and feedback to help in requirements gathering (customers, partners, and suppliers, as well as all internal product experts)

Communicates business needs and suggests improvements to align the product with what end users actually want



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Keeping the Full Product Lifecycle Transparent

ing requirements to features and create the list of new requirements to serve as the basis for design, validation, testing, and collection of addi-tional feedback during product development.

Linking Requirements to ObjectsThe solution also lets you link a requirement to any object that contributes to the fulfillment of the requirement or is affected by it. You can work with diagram versions that let you backtrack from detailed design to the relevant version of the requirement. The requirements are available for reference throughout engineering and are tested against at the end of development. Maintaining traceability between concrete design objects and their underlying requirements simplifies the pro-cess of change management. When requirements change, you can minimize manual rework using a fast and secure mechanism that automatically identifies the design objects affected.

With the requirements management function in SAP Intelligent Product Design, you can:

• Filter requirements and provide specific views for subsets of requirements

• Use requirement traceability diagrams to visu-alize hierarchies and other relationships among all or some of your requirements

• Manage the assignment of requirements and other model objects to components under development

• Orchestrate the relationships between require-ments and associated objects and design customizable attributes

• Assign requirements and other model objects to external business objects to support require-ments traceability

• Exchange requirements among models using the standard requirements interchange function

Throughout the engineering process with SAP Intelligent Product Design, you can simulate to see how changes in requirements will affect objects already delivered. And you can manage changes and releases under a rule-based control structure. As you iterate to optimize development, you raise quality across the design phase while still maintaining productivity. The SAP Product Lifecycle Management (SAP PLM) application helps you orchestrate all the steps that go into the design of a new product, maintaining full transpar-ency along a single, consistent digital thread and facilitating a smooth handover to manufacturing. Managing the full process transparently boosts reusability, protects product quality, reduces development times, and increases overall reliabil-ity. SAP Intelligent Product Design helps you structure the early phases of development for complex products by giving engineers tools that flexibly link requirements, test cases, design items, and system models.

GATHERING REQUIREMENTSSAP Intelligent Product Design helps you analyze your market data from a whole range of possible sources. It is enriched with capabilities to listen in on diverse external environments such as social media and derive requirements from what it hears. SAP Intelligent Product Design offers you a comprehensive framework for acquiring the voice of the customer and integrating it into product development. Valuable input can also come from partners and internal stakeholders such as end users, shop-floor workers, marketing and sales staff, customer service representatives, maintenance personnel, and anyone else who touches the product at any phase of its lifecycle. And the solution helps engineers use machine learning to automate the mapping of correspond-



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Listing Requirements HierarchicallyRequirements can be summarized in a hierarchical list, as shown in Figure 2.

Figure2:AHierarchicalRequirementsList

Managing the full process transparently boosts reusability, protects product quality, reduces development times, and increases overall reliability.



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among them. After you specify product architec-ture, you can use MBSE to model the behavior of the product in various use cases or activities to check for plausibility and identify potential design flaws.

You can capture how your system functions through a wide variety of diagrams that show internal parts and references, connections among parts, and the types of data that flow across the connections. The types of diagrams to choose from include:

• Requirements diagrams, for tracing the use of requirements within modeling elements

• Use-case diagrams, for representing how users interact with the system to achieve its goals

• Activity diagrams, for reviewing and analyzing system behavior through workflows

• Sequence diagrams, illustrating interactions of components within the system

• State machine diagrams, for representing the states in the transformation of a system or subsystem in response to behaviors during its lifetime

• Package diagrams, for grouping diagrams and showing hierarchical relationships among groups

• Block definition diagrams, for specifying the internal structure of a single block in your system model

• Internal block diagrams, for describing the internal structure of a single block

• Parametric diagrams, for clarifying mathemati-cal constraints in the system

MANAGING MODELS SAP Intelligent Product Design applies the concepts of model-based systems engineering (MBSE), which is a formalized system-development process designed to boost productivity and quality and reduce risk. It is based on a language called the Systems Modeling Language (SysML) from OMG, used to specify, analyze, design, and verify complex systems under development by engineers from disparate disciplines, such as mechanics, electronics, and software. A system model expressed in SysML offers a cross-disciplinary representation for convenient integration into multiple engineering models and tools. It facilitates mutual understanding and supports effective collaboration by eliminating the exchange and translation of product-related documents.

SAP Intelligent Product Design offers a variety of tools and diagrams in SysML to help you model all components of your product. It supports the popular “RFLP” approach to systems engineer-ing, named according to the order in which models are created: the requirements model (R) first, followed in sequence by the functional model (F), the logical model (L), and the physical model (P). Requirements remain traceable throughout the process. You can easily move a design from the level of an abstract product specification to more advanced levels using SysML. You can also break complex systems down into smaller subsystems, modules, or components and describe the interactions



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• Represent the traceability of a single requirement to other modeling elements

• Examine the derived relationships of a require-ment with other requirements

• Visualize other dependencies among requirements

• Support the reuse of requirements • Assign comments and additional documents to requirements

MODELING REQUIREMENTS The requirements diagram in SAP Intelligent Product Design provides a graphical overview of the requirements and the groups they belong to and facilitates the management of requirements. With this diagram, you can depict hierarchies of requirements and trace the use of a single require-ment within modeling elements, as shown in Figure 3. Requirements diagrams help you:

Figure3:ASampleRequirementsDiagram



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product or model the product from the perspec-tive of the end user. These diagrams illustrate the various ways the finished system should be able to interact with users. Use-case diagrams, such as the one in Figure 4, offer capabilities to:

• Capture system requirements • Present a set of services that systems should perform

• Specify single use cases as preconditions, action steps, exceptions, or postconditions

MODELING BEHAVIORSeveral types of diagrams in SAP Intelligent Product Design help you illustrate the behavior of systems and subsystems. Behavior diagrams include use-case diagrams, activity diagrams, sequence diagrams, and state machine diagrams.

Preparing a Use-Case Diagram You can build use-case diagrams to document graphically the desired behavior of the new

Figure 4: A Sample Use-Case Diagram



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Preparing an Activity DiagramWith the activity diagram, the systems engineer creates a visual representation of the flow of activ-ities in a system. The activity diagram helps you:

• Implement a structured product development process for complex products that involve multidisciplinary teams

Figure 5: A Sample Activity Diagram

• Describe the sequence in which activities should occur in the system

• Illustrate parallel, branched, and concurrent flows in the system

Figure 5 displays a sample activity diagram.



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Preparing a Package DiagramThe package diagram in SAP Intelligent Product Design is a mechanism for grouping sets of diagrams in folders to bring an extra layer of organization to the design process, as illustrated in Figure 6. With this capability, you can:

• Express information about the structure of a system model

• Display packages nested within packages • Display packages hierarchically

MODELING STRUCTUREStructure diagrams show the structure of com-ponents or the hierarchy among them and illus-trate how they connect and interact with each other. Types include block definition diagrams, package diagrams, internal block diagrams, and parametric diagrams.

Figure 6: A Sample Package Diagram



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• Define relationships among system components using links to such elements as composition, aggregation, and generalization

• Specify the communications system of a component adding ports to blocks

• Add interface blocks to specify a subset of features available through a proxy port

PreparingaBlockDefinitionDiagramWith the block definition, you can design and ana-lyze the structure of a system using components called blocks, which can represent hardware, software, or organizational components. This type of diagram, as shown in Figure 7, helps you:

Figure7:ASampleBlockDefinitionDiagram



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Validating and Integrating the System

ASSIGNING TEST CASES TO REQUIREMENTS Test cases should verify development results and validate system results against requirements and test criteria. You can assign test cases to specific requirements and track whether the requirements are met, as illustrated in Figure 8. This structured approach toward system testing in SAP Intelligent Product Design helps you catch flaws in design early in the process.

To support an agile development program, you can execute test plans regularly and iteratively, accelerating product improvement cycles with continuous, integrated testing. To provide full transparency, you must document and summa-rize the status of the testing plan and the results of current tests in reports issued to all stakehold-ers at agreed-upon intervals.

After you develop a product or any of its artifacts, you need to verify the output to ensure that all requirements are fulfilled and all customer needs are satisfied. Performing this step as early as possible is essential, since costs for fixing errors and mitigating risk will only increase as you pro-gress through the stages of development. You should define test cases against requirements and agree on them up front, setting up a robust test plan to define the set of test cases and spec-ify the sequence in which to execute them.

Once you test the various components of the product, integrating the design process with SAP PLM gives you a foundation for the detailed design, from which you can draw up the actual bill of materials.

Figure 8: A Sample Test Case



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is integration with SAP PLM. Modeling begins in the various disciplines that contribute to the total systems engineering effort, such as mechanical engineering, electrical engineering, and software engineering. Then, SAP S/4HANA® can help you manage a direct integration between mechanical and electrical or electronic CAD systems with the SAP Engineering Control Center integration tool. It helps you merge systems engineering output with enterprise product structure functions in SAP PLM, which in turn integrate with functions for manufacturing and logistics and finally service and maintenance.

Figure 9 summarizes the process of intelligent product design as integrated with SAP PLM. With these integration capabilities, you can:

• Derive product structures from system models • Create links between systems engineering objects and relevant business objects

• Outline the whole system of record for a product, system, or component

• Follow the entire path from requirements through documents to material numbers

RUNNING SYSTEM SIMULATIONSTesting your developing product by means of simulation can vastly improve the quality of the end result by helping you discover design flaws early. Simulations executed at the beginning of development can help minimize physical testing efforts and prototyping time. Various simulation tools support all the engineering disciplines that contribute to systems engineering and enhance the decision-making process throughout devel-opment. In SAP Intelligent Product Design, you can examine the impact of changes to specifica-tions defined by the requirements engineer or components modeled by the systems engineer, for example, by running what-if scenarios. You can perform valuable analysis to help character-ize a valid outcome even before you define the physical shape of the product in a CAD system. Once a prototype exists, you can exercise it in further simulations based on information from structure and behavior diagrams.

INTEGRATING WITH SAP PLMOne of the most important success factors for products produced through systems engineering

Maintaining traceability between concrete design objects and their underlying requirements simplifies the process of change management.



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Figure 9: Flow of Intelligent Product Design in SAP® Product Lifecycle Management

Idea and requirements Early engineering Detailed design Prototyping Production Operation

Portfolio and project management

Intelligent product design – collaboration

Early product costing

3Dvisualization

Document management

Systems engineering

Requirement model

Functional model

Logical model

Enterprise product

structure

Authoring tools

Software

Electronics

Mechanics

Team data management

Folder, document, material, and e-bill of materials

Engineering control center

Manufacturing, procurement,

and supply chainPlant 001

Plant 002

Service and operation

Real-time strategy and planning

Location model

System model

Statistical model

Sensor and

diagnostics



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follow these connections to understand depen-dencies among objects and minimize unintended consequences of proposed changes.

Figure 10 shows a sample impact and lineage graph with a functional block in blue as the object under analysis. You can see the connections to requirements in red, use cases in white on the left, logical blocks in yellow, physical blocks in light green, nodes of a product structure in dark green, and bills of materials in white on the right.

SHOWING LINKS AMONG OBJECTS WITH IMPACT AND LINEAGE ANALYSISBy maintaining links among objects within diagrams, across diagrams, and even across domains, SAP Intelligent Product Design helps you trace the impact of changes to a particular object or objects connected to it and identify the potential downstream risks early. You can link requirements and diagram objects to such objects in SAP PLM as documents, nodes of a product structure, and bills of materials. Impact and lineage analysis helps you visualize and

Figure 10: Sample Impact and Lineage Analysis



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exchange design data and redline documents that need to be revised. All project participants can see the downstream results of their actions and understand the steps necessary to move the product into the next phase of the lifecycle. The collaboration platform links and tracks all communications to maintain transparency.

LAYING THE FOUNDATION FOR YOUR DIGITAL TWINTo harness the ultimate tool for ensuring trans-parency, you use the output of the systems engi-neering process as a backbone for the digital twin of your newly designed product. This is the single, sharable source of truth for the product that cap-tures the work of all engineering disciplines in a visual format and clarifies product structure for all stakeholders. The digital twin is the neutral system model for handoff to the worlds of pro-duction and service, as shown in Figure 11.

VIEWING CURRENT STATE IN THE LIVE PRODUCT COCKPITTo gain insights into the current state of your newly developed product, you can use the live product cockpit. The cockpit gives engineers, project managers, and product managers an overview of requirements definitions, design models, and product structures through a single entry point. The live product cockpit also tracks engineering changes and release requirements, along with product costs. You can access data in various enterprise systems and trigger collab-orative follow-on actions.

PROMOTING COLLABORATIONUsing collaboration features in SAP Intelligent Product Design, you can share information on all product issues and activities with all stake-holders across the extended enterprise. Product managers and mechanical engineers, for exam-ple, can collaborate with future suppliers to

Figure 11: The Foundation for a Digital Twin

Live product cockpit

Analytics based on thing model

Requirements management and

systems engineering

Product lifecycle management core

Software

Electronics

Mechanics

Collaborative engineering

Multiple disciplines and supplier collaboration

Internet of Things (IoT) information

Improvement requests

Thing instance

Equipment

IoT

Asset Handover to IoT or asset


Product and project collaboration

Portfolio and project management

Productdatadefinition

Change management


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Tallying the Benefits

COVERING THE FULL PRODUCT LIFECYCLEFigure 12 illustrates the comprehensive coverage provided by SAP Intelligent Product Design inte-grated with the full set of features in SAP PLM.

Thorough systems engineering in SAP solutions helps you manage all phases of the lifecycle of new products, from ideation and requirements gathering; through project definition, CAD model-ing, and compliance analysis; to prototyping, production, and service.

Figure12:CoveringtheFullProductLifecycle

Live product innovation insights

Idea and requirements Early engineering Detailed design Prototyping Production Service

Experience management Project proposal Engineering project

definitionSystem and product

validation Routing design Technical communications

Idea generation

Idea evaluation

Requirements elicitation

Requirements management

Requirements definition

Model-based systems engineering

Configuration

High-level product structuring

Product costing

Concept review

Project selection

Design planning

Product engineering

Detailed design

CAD modeling

Compliance analysis

Design approval

System simulation

System tests

Physical mock-up

Product costing

Compliance check

Release for production

Component allocation

Plant material management

Inspection planning

Technical communications

Planning

Execution

Costing

Reporting

Quality

Spare-parts planning

Service

Collaboration

Predictive maintenance



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In short, SAP Intelligent Product Design helps you innovate flexibly and perform optimally in complex and volatile business environments. It also does the following:

• Improves product quality and reduces engineer-ing change costs with consistent management of product data and traceability of product data to requirements

• Slashes development time by integrating processes across engineering disciplines and increasing collaboration among business functions across the extended enterprise

• Lowers the costs of servitization with built-in software compatibility control

• Fosters continuous product improvement in agile development approaches through quick delivery of and response to insights from feed-back loops

• Eases the challenge of product complexity with a single system of records, reuse of system components, and compliance certification based on clear history

RESPONDING TO THE PRESSURE FOR SPEED DESPITE COMPLEXITYSAP Intelligent Product Design helps you master ever-increasing product complexity and ever-shrinking development cycles to meet demands for innovative features and speedy delivery. It supports full traceability along the whole product structure and is the single interaction point among all stakeholders. Complete information on any step in the development process is just a click away.

In today’s development world, many requirements and tests – and even a large amount of software code – are likely shared among multiple projects. With SAP Intelligent Product Design, you can reuse or branch your data to streamline the devel-opment of sequential or parallel projects and product lines. The solution empowers teams to collaborate easily and securely on shared assets. Using robust security and roles definition and configurable workflow automation, you can control who sees or changes what, and when.

Using collaboration features in SAP Intelligent Product Design, you can share information on all product issues and activities with all stakeholders across the extended enterprise.



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FIND OUT MOREYou can try SAP Intelligent Product Design for free by registering here.

And you can review the concepts of intelligent product design by watching this video.

ORCHESTRATING THE DESIGN PHASES OF PRODUCT DEVELOPMENTFigure 13 summarizes the features SAP Intelligent Product Design offers for the design phase of product development.

Figure13:SummaryofEngineeringFeaturesinSAP®IntelligentProductDesign

Product requirements management• Centrally managed for better

collaboration• Linked requirements allowing

traceability• Requirement change impact analysis• Standard requirement interchange

to exchange requirements

Integration• Link objects from SAP S/4HANA®

(bill of materials, documents, and more) to requirements or blocks

• Visualize and follow these connections to understand the dependencies and the impact of making changes

• Generate product structures from systems engineering models

Model-based systems engineering• OMG Systems Modeling Language• Early detection of issues and

reduction of system defects• Ability to view systems from multiple

perspectives• Visual analysis of models and

impacts

Systemvalidationandverification• Efficiently validate models or proto-

types to ensure all requirements are fulfilled

• Easily analyze impacts based on the linkage between test results and requirements

• Iteratively improve the product in an agile process to finally fulfill all requirements

Collaboration, cockpit, and insights• Transparency on collaboration and

requirements• 3D product representation• Insights on relevant topics and status• Ability to access data from subse-

quent processes and take action

Extensibility• Security• Workflows• User management• Deployment options


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