MARS ORBITER MISSION (MANGALYAAN)

PRESENTED BY,RAMYA.K M.TECH COS 1st yr

Contents

• Mission objectives

• Pre-launch updates

• Spacecraft navigation

• Payloads

• Launch vehicle PSLV- C25

• Facts on mars

• Latest updates

Mission objectives

• Mission Objectives

One of the main objectives of the first Indian mission to Mars is to develop the technologies required for design, planning, management and operations of an interplanetary mission. 

Following are the major objectives of the mission: 

A. Technological Objectives:

• Design and realization of a Mars orbiter with a capability to survive and perform Earth bound maneuvers , cruise phase of 300 days, Mars orbit insertion / capture, and on-orbit phase around Mars.

Cont...• Deep space communication, navigation, mission

planning and management.

• Incorporate autonomous features to handle contingency situations.

B. Scientific Objectives:

• Exploration of Mars surface features, morphology, mineralogy and Martian atmosphere by indigenous scientific instruments.

Pre – launch updates

Nov 05, 2013

• PSLV-C25, in its twenty fifth flight successfully launches Mars Orbiter Mission Spacecraft from SDSC SHAR.

• PSLV-C25 lifted off at 14:38 hrs.

• Automatic sequencing of launch initiated.

• Launch authorized by Mission Director for GO at 14:24 hrs.

Cont...

• Mobile Service Tower (MST) withdrawal to final parking (150m) completed. Countdown is normal.

• All vehicle systems are switched ON for the final eight and half hour countdown starting at 6:08 hrs (IST).

• Second Stage (PS2) Propellant filling operations completed.

Spacecraft navigation• Trans Mars Injection (TMI), carried out on Dec 01, 2013 at

00:49 hrs (IST) has moved the spacecraft in the Mars Transfer Trajectory (MTT).

• With TMI the Earth orbiting phase of the spacecraft ended and the spacecraft is now on a course to encounter Mars after a journey of about 10 months around the Sun. 

• The Polar Satellite Launch Vehicle, PSLV-C25, injected the Spacecraft into an Elliptical Parking Orbit with a perigee of 250 km and an apogee of 23,550 km.

• The spacecraft will focus on in-depth study of morphology of the Martian surface and probe the composition of its atmosphere and the space environment.

Payloads

• MOM carries five scientific payloads to observe Martian surface, atmosphere and exosphere extending up to 80,000 km for a detailed understanding of the evolution of that planet, especially the related geologic and the possible biogenic processes on that interesting planet.

• These payloads consist of a camera, two spectrometers, a radiometer and a photometer. Together, they have a weight of about 15 kg.

Payload details

• Lyman alpha photometer (LAP)- used for measuring hydrogen & deuterium emission in the martian upper atmosphere.

• Methane sensor for mars (MSM)- used to measure methane and studies its spatial and temporal variations.

• Mars Exospheric Neutral Composition Analyzer(MENCA)-MENCA is a quadruple mass spectrometer capable of analyzing the neutral composition in the range of 1 to 300 amu with unit mass resolution.

Cont...

• Mars Color Camera (MCC)-This tri-color Mars color camera gives images & information about the surface features and composition of Martian surface.

• Thermal Infrared Imaging Spectrometer (TIS)-TIS measure the thermal emission and can be operated during both day and night.

Launch vehicle PSLV-C25

• PSLV-C25, twenty fifth flight of PSLV will launch Mars Orbiter Mission Spacecraft from the First Launch Pad at Satish Dhawan Space Centre SHAR, Sriharikota. 

• The challenging PSLV-C25 mission is optimised for the launch of Mars Orbiter Mission spacecraft into a highly elliptical Earth orbit with a perigee (nearest point to Earth) of 250 km and an apogee (farthest point to Earth) of 23,500 km with an inclination of 19.2  degree with respect to the equator.

Facts on Mars

Cont...• Mars’ red color is due to iron oxide, also known as rust, and

has the consistency of talcum powder. Literally, the metallic rocks on Mars are rusting.

• The atmosphere (mostly made up of carbon dioxide) on Mars is so thin that water cannot exist in liquid form—it can exist only as water vapor or ice. Liquid water is considered for many scientists to be the “holy grail” of Mars.

• No human could survive the low pressure of Mars. If you went to Mars without an appropriate space suit, the oxygen in your blood would literally turn into bubbles, causing immediate death.

• Mars lacks an ozone layer; therefore, the surface of Mars is bathed in a lethal dose of radiation every time the sun rises.

Latest update on MOM

MOM COMPLETES 100 DAYS IN SPACE:-

• Mars Orbiter Spacecraft, India's first interplanetary probe, was launched by PSLV-C25 at 1438 hours on November 5, 2013 from Satish Dhawan Space Centre, Sriharikota.

• In its voyage towards Mars, the mission successfully completes 100 days in space tomorrow (February 12, 2014).