marine drugs
TRANSCRIPT
Marine drugs
The drugs which are obtained from marine organisms are know as marine drugs. these drugs are used since ancient times.
They are highly potent bioactive molecules In recent years a significant number of novel
metabolites with potent pharmacological properties have been discovered from the marine organism
Marine drugs
Rich source of both biological and chemical diversity (The oceans are our most biodiverse environment).
Genetic diversity translates to chemical diversity = Promising new drugs
Marine toxins were reported to possess an extremely high potency with regard to their pharmacological actions.
Low toxic side effects.
Why to look for marine sources?
Sponges Coelenterates (sea whips, sea fans and soft
corals) Tunicates molluscs (nudibranchs, sea hares, etc.) Echinoderms (starfish, sea cucumbers, etc.) Bryozoans (moss animals)
Sources of marine drugs
Sponges Tunicates
bryozon mollusks
Antibacterial agentsAntiviral agentsAntifungal agentsAntibiotics Anticancer agentsAntiprotozoal agentsAnti-inflammatory agents
Classification of marine drugs
CompoundName
Source Chemicalclass
Diseasearea
Status
Ziconotide(prialt™)
cone snail
Peptide Chronic pain
approval by the FDA on December 31st 2004
Bryostatin-1 Bryozoan
Polyketide Cancer No current clinical trials
Dolaststin Sea slug Peptide Cancer -
E-7974 Sponge tripeptide cancer Phase-1
1st drug of marine origin approval by the FDA on December 31st 2004 A non-opioid, non-NSAID, non-local
anesthetic used for treatment of chronic pain Derived from the toxin of cone snail Conus
magus Contains synthetic form of the cone snail
peptide ω- conotoxin
Ziconotide (Prialt™)
Used for “management of severe chronic pain”
Approved for the treatment of chronic pain as a morphine replacement therapy
It is the most powerful painkiller known till date
Must be administered intrathecally Common side effects: dizziness, nausea,
confusion & headache Rare side effects: hallucinations, suicidal
thoughts, new or worsening depression, meningitis and seizures Cont.
Blocks the N-Type calcium channels on the primary nerves in the spinal cord
Mechanism of action
Ecteinascidin Didemnin BDolastin-10Halichondrin BBryostatin-1Aplidin (APL)
Various anticancer agents form marine origin
Expression of silent biosynthetic pathways
Culturing/cultivating organisms for production-Supply Issue-macro and micro-organisms
Toxicity issues
Challenges in marine drug discovery
The marine ecosystem is not only productive to discover novel entities but it is also a tool to identify new cellular targets for therapeutic intervention”
Sources for developing potent drug candidates
In cosmeticsAs nutritional supplements As molecular probes that can be supported
to increase the healthy life span of human.
Benefits of marine natural products
Molinski, T.F.; Dalisay, D.S.; Lievens, S.L.; Saludes, J.P. Drug development from marine natural products. Nat. Rev. Drug Discov. 2008, 8, 69–85.
Montaser, R.; Luesch, H. Marine natural products: A new wave of drugs? Future Med. Chem. 2011, 3, 1475–1489.
References
Thank you