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LC Connector
LC Connector A High Density Fiber Optic Network Solution
Paul Kolesar
Lucent Technologies,
Bell Laboratories
IEEE 802.3z Gigabit Ethernet
March, 1997
LC Connector
LC Connector Outline
◆ Design Background and Goals
◆ Product Family Overview
◆ Features
◆ Feature Advantages
◆ Adapters, Transceivers, Cordage
◆ Standards, Licensing and Availability
◆ Performance
◆ Summary & Conclusion
LC Connector
LC Connector Background
◆ Bell Labs was challenged with developing a next generation optical connection product family that would meet the changing needs of both the singlemode and multimode markets
◆ MM and SM teams developed similar conclusions
◆ Developed design criteria based on market trends
Ð Lower system cost
Ð Smaller size
Ð User friendliness
Ð Excellent mechanical and optical performance
LC Connector
LC ConnectorDesign Goals
◆ Develop one connector/optical interface for ALL applications in the network
Ð High volume = low cost
Ð Fewer equipment designs
È lower cost
È less R&D expense for xcvr. manuf. and OEMs
Ð Specialty connectors traditionally not successful
È high price
È low volume, not accepted by total market
◆ No Cost shifting to ANY network components!
◆ Develop a complete product family
◆ Broadly license for multiple sources
LC Connector
LC Product Family Multimode and Singlemode
Initial Product Offering◆ Patch Cords and pigtails
Ð Duplex and simplex
Ð MiniCordTM (1.6 mm) and 900 µm
Ð Hybrid Patch Cords
◆ Field-mountable on buffered-fiber & cordage
◆ Duplex adapters
Ð standard and reduced height
◆ Panels for outlets and cabinets
◆ Mounting Collar for RJ-45 cutout
LC Connector
LC ConnectorFeatures
◆ RJ-45 Style
◆ Small Size
◆ Polarized
◆ Color Coded
◆ Pull-Proof
◆ Cable Compatible
◆ Excellent Performance
◆ High Reliability
LC Connector
LC ConnectorFeature Advantages
◆ RJ-45 StyleÐ User friendly (intuitively obvious operation)
Ð Familiarity of copper modular plugs
Ð No tools
Ð Easy insertion and extraction
Ð Audible click assures full insertion
Ð Low-cost plastic housing
Ð Improved anti-snag latch
LC Connector
LC ConnectorLatch Enhancements
◆ Patch CordsÐ Anti-snag feature on latch
Ð Easy to disengage simplex
Ð Simultaneous disengagement of duplex
◆ Buffered Fiber Connector and PigtailÐ Finger catch on latch
Ð Extended latching beam
Ð Easy to locate and disengage
◆ Robust LatchÐ Flex tested 7000 times
LC Connector
LC ConnectorFeature Advantages
◆ Small SizeÐ Smaller than RJ-45
Ð Half size of duplex SC
Ð PCI mezzanine compliant for NICs
Ð Lower system costÈ double density panels and hubs
È fewer panels and racks, less floor and closet space
È same interface for MM and SM
È designed for automated manufacturing
È alternate ferrule and sleeve materials
È no cost shift
LC Connector
LC ConnectorFeature Advantages
◆ PolarizedÐ Obvious orientation to adapter
Ð Installs in only one orientation
Ð Maintains Tx/Rx directions
Ð No keying
Ð Repeatable performance
Ð A / B polarity markings
Ð Meets TIA 568-A and ISO 11801
LC Connector
LC ConnectorFeature Advantages
◆ Color CodedÐ Meets TIA 568-A and ISO 11801
È SM blue
È MM beige
Ð Easily identifiable fiber type
◆ Pull-proofÐ Side and axial load tolerant
Ð Eliminates accidental disconnections
Ð Increases reliability
LC Connector
LC ConnectorFeature Advantages
◆ Cable CompatibleÐ Works readily with installed base
È 900 µm buffered (indoor cable)
È 250 µm coated (ribbon, loose tube OSP)
È standard strength fiber
Ð Special fiber or cable not required
Ð Easy to mountÈ buffered fiber or cordage
È familiar procedure
È less polishing
Ð Lower costÈ no cost shifting
LC Connector
LC ConnectorFeature Advantages
◆ Excellent PerformanceÐ Meets industry opt., mech. and env. standards
È TIA 568-A
È ISO 11801
È Bellcore GR-326
Ð Design guarantees end-face contactÈ easily meets 20 / 26 dB return loss
Ð Pull-proof
LC Connector
LC ConnectorFeature Advantages
◆ High ReliabilityÐ Proven technology
Ð No inherent fiber bends
Ð Durable materialsÈ 500 re-matings
È 7000 latch flexures
Ð Easily cleaned
Ð Low Risk means Lower Cost
LC Connector
LC AdaptersFeatures and Advantages
◆ Self adjusting panel latchÐ Adapts to panel thickness
◆ Square cross sectionÐ Choice of mounting orientation
◆ Compact duplex designsÐ Panel and board mount
Ð 4-piece snap assembly
◆ Fits standard RJ-45 cutoutÐ M81 LC mounting collar
◆ Labeled polarityÐ Meets TIA 568A and ISO 11801
LC Connector
LC ConnectorTransceiver Interface
◆ Maximize hub densityÐ Needs less panel space than UTP jack
◆ PCI mezzanine compliantÐ Compatible with PC NICs
◆ No cost shiftingÐ Familiar, miniaturized design
◆ Low insertion and withdrawal force
◆ LC transceiver suppliersÐ Finisar
Ð Working with others
LC Connector
LC ConnectorMiniCordage
◆ Small diameter - 1.6 mm simplexÐ Alleviates trough congestion
Ð Simplex, duplex zipcord, and quad
Ð Duplex size 66% of 2.9 mm ribbon cord
◆ Excellent performanceÐ Made for pull-proof connectors
Ð Tight bend radius (1inch)
Ð GR- 409 Bellcore compliant
◆ Lower cost than 3.0 mm zipcord3.5 mm
1.6 mm 0.9 mm
Duplex Minicord
LC Connector
LC Standards,Licensing and Availability
◆ StandardsÐ Actively working standards
È TIA FO6.3 FOCIS work item approved
È IEC 86B WG 6: submission approved by USTAG
◆ Broadly LicensingÐ Actively negotiating with several companies
◆ AvailabilityÐ Limited production September 1996
Ð Full Production March 1997
Ð 3 beta sites in progress (> 10,000 connectors)
LC Connector
Optical PerformanceMultimode - Insertion Loss
MM Insertion Loss
Avg. = 0.10 dB
Std. Dev. = 0.07 dB
N = 100
Specification: ANSI/TIA/EIA-568-A
Max. <= 0.75 dB
Avg. <= 0.5 dB
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
0.00 0.20 0.40 0.60 0.80 1.00Loss (dB)
cy
GOOD
0.00ÊÊÊÊÊ0.20ÊÊÊÊÊ0.40ÊÊÊÊÊ0.60ÊÊÊÊÊ0.80ÊÊÊÊÊ1.00
Freq
uenc
y
LC Connector
Optical PerformanceMultimode - Return Loss
MM Return Loss
Avg. = 33 dB
Std. Dev. = 2.4 dB
N = 100
Specification:
ANSI/TIA/EIA-568-A
Min. >= 20 dB0
20
40
60
80
Reflectance (dB)
en
cy
GOOD
Return Loss (dB)
20ÊÊÊÊÊÊ24ÊÊÊÊÊÊ28ÊÊÊÊÊÊ32ÊÊÊÊÊÊ36ÊÊÊÊÊÊ40ÊÊÊÊÊÊ44
Freq
uenc
y
LC Connector
Optical PerformanceSinglemode
SM Reflectance (dB)
0102030
Reflectance (dB)
SM Return LossAvg. = 53 dBStd. Dev. = 1.9 dBN = 100Specification : ANSI/TIA/EIA-568-A Min. >= 26 dB
GOOD
SM Insertion Loss (dB)
01020304050
00 0 20 30 40
Loss (dB)
Fre
quen
cy
SM LossAvg. = 0.09 dBStd. Dev. = 0.05 dBN = 100Specification : ANSI/TIA/EIA-568-A Max. <= 0.75 dB Avg. <= 0.5 dB
GOOD
SM Return Loss (dB)
Return Loss (dB)
SM Insertion Loss (dB)Fr
eque
ncy
Freq
uenc
y
0.00ÊÊ ÊÊ0.10ÊÊ ÊÊ0.20ÊÊÊ Ê0.30ÊÊÊ Ê0.40ÊÊ ÊÊ0.50
45ÊÊÊ Ê47Ê ÊÊÊ49ÊÊÊÊ 51ÊÊÊ Ê53ÊÊ ÊÊ55Ê ÊÊÊ57ÊÊÊ Ê59
LC Connector
Environmental PerformanceMultimode
----0000....1111
0000
0000....1111
0000....2222
0000....3333
0000....4444
0000....5555
0000....6666
0000....7777
0000....8888
0000 55550000 111100000000 111155550000 222200000000 222255550000 333300000000 333355550000
TTTTIIIIMMMMEEEE ((((hhhhrrrr....
OOOOSSSS
SSSS (
((( ddddBBBB
)))) TTTTEEEESSSSTTTT DDDDUUUURRRRAAAATTTTIIIIOOOONNNN:::: AAAApppppppprrrrooooxxxxiiiimmmmaaaatttteeeellllyyyy 11114444 ddddaaaayyyyssss ----44440000ooooCCCC ttttoooo 88885555ooooCCCC
22223333ooooCCCC
88885555ooooCCCC
----44440000ooooCCCC1111 hhhhrrrr.... 1111 hhhhrrrr.... 1111 hhhhrrrr....
Representative Results
Requirement: < 0.3 dB change
–40°C to 85°C
MM
CH
AN
GE
IN L
OS
S (
dB)
LC Connector
Mechanical PerformanceMating Durability
Multimode 62.5 Micron Fiber
0
0.25
0.5
0.75
1
0 100 200 300 400 500Matings
, 130
0 nm
Spec. = 0.75 dB max.
Representative Results
Requirement: < 0.2 dB change
Los
s (d
B),
130
0 nm
LC Connector
Mechanical PerformanceTensile Load - Singlemode
LC Connectors SM Transmission with Applied Tensile Load
90o Side Load
Requirement: < 0.5 dB Change
-0.5
-0.4
-0.3
-0.2
-0.1
0
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0 1 2 3 4 5 6
Load lb. [N]
ge
dB
SM 1310 nm
SM 1550 nm
[ 5] [ 10] [ 15] [20] [ 25]
Representative Results
Opt
ical
Los
s C
hang
e dB
LC Connector
Performance SpecificationMultimode
◆ Insertion LossÐ 0.10 dB average, 0.10 dB standard deviation
◆ Return LossÐ 33 dB average
◆ Temperature CyclingÐ -40 to +85 C; loss change < 0.30 dB
◆ Mating DurabilityÐ 500 matings; loss change < 0.2 dB
◆ Tensile Loading Ð 0 deg, 10 lbs < 0.2 dB
Ð 90 deg, 5 lbs < 0.2 dB
LC Connector
Performance SpecificationSinglemode
◆ Insertion LossÐ 0.10 dB average, 0.07 dB standard deviation
◆ Return LossÐ 50 dB minimum
◆ Temperature CyclingÐ -40 to +85 C; loss change < 0.30 dB
◆ Mating DurabilityÐ 500 matings; loss change < 0.2 dB
◆ Tensile Loading Ð 0 deg, 10 lbs < 0.2 dB
Ð 90 deg, 5 lbs < 0.2 dB
LC Connector
LC ConnectorSummary
◆ Lower system cost
◆ RJ-45 housing Ð The most user friendly
Ð 1/2 size of duplex MM SC
◆ Proven, reliable technology
◆ Compatible with embedded fiber base
◆ Will broadly license
◆ Actively working standards
LC Connector
LC ConnectorConclusion
◆ Bell Labs invented the ST connectorÐ Standard for 10BASE-F
Ð Grandfathered in TIA 568-A and ISO 11801
Ð Most popular optical connector in the world
◆ Bell Labs also invented the modular plugÐ Most prevalent copper connector worldwide
◆ The LC combines the best of bothÐ Proven technology of the ST
Ð Miniaturized and embodied in a modular plug
◆ Examine all facts from a total system perspectiveÐ The LC is the best choice