mapeh lecture

7/25/2019 MAPEH Lecture

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/mapeh-lecture 1/17

Music of India

-includes multiple varieties of folk

music, pop, and Indian Classical

Music. India's classical music tradition,

including Hindustani Music and

Carnatic, has a history spanning

millennia and developed over severaleras. Music in India began as an integral

part of socio-religious life.

Classical Music

The two main traditions of classical music

are Carnatic music, found

predominantly in the peninsular

regions, and Hindustani music, found

in the northern, eastern and central

regions. The basic concepts of this

music

includes shruti microtones!, swara not

es!, alankarornamentations!, raga

melodies improvised from basic

grammars!, and tala rhythmic patterns

used in percussion!. Its tonal system

divides the octave into 22 segments

called shrutis, not all e"ual but each

roughly e"ual to one "uarter of a wholetone of #estern music

Hindustani music

- The $industani music tradition diverged

from Carnatic music around the 13th -

14th centuries A. The practice of

singing based on notes was popular even

from the %edic times where the hymns in

!ama "eda, an ancient religious te#t,were sung as &amagana and not

chanted.

- In contrast to Carnatic music, the other

main Indian classical music tradition

originating from the &outh, $industani

music was not only inuenced by ancient

$indu musical traditions, historical %edic

philosophy and native Indian sounds but

also enriched by the (ersian performance

practices of the Mughals.

Carnatic music

- The present form of Carnatic music is

based on historical developments that

can be traced to the 1$th - 1%th

centuries A and thereafter.

- said to have originated in the !outh

Indian state of &arnataka.

- It is melodic like $industani! , with

improvised variations, but tends to have

more )*ed compositions. The main

emphasis is on the vocals as most

compositions are written to be sung, and

even when played on instruments, they

are meant to be performed in a singing

style known as gāyaki !

'ight classical music

(humri - the te*t is romantic or

devotional in nature, and usually revolvesaround a girl)s lo*e for &rishna.

(appa - is a form of Indian semi-classical

vocal music. Its specialty is its rolling

pace based on fast, subtle and knotty

construction.

&a+ri - a )lm ased on real stor.

Though Indian cultural and religious

traditions put women at a high pedestal,in reality they are sub+ected to all kinds

of physical and mental e*ploitation.

Chaiti - are semi-classical songs sung

in the $indu calendar month

of Chait. These songs are rendered

during the Hol month of !ri .ama

/a*ami in March0April.



haal - is a poetic form consisting of

rhming couplets and a refrain, with

each line sharing the same meter.

adra - is a light classical vocal form

in $industani classical music. It was

originally accompanied by

dadra tala from where the term for the

genre was borrowed!, but later dadra

compositions are often found in other

light talas such as keherwa!.

olk Music

.aindra !angeet Music of 5engal6

-also known as (agore songs, are songs

written and composed by .aindranath

(agore. They have distinctive

characteristics in the music of engal,

popular

in India and angladesh. 7!angeet7 means music, 7.aindra !angeet7

means music or more aptl !ongs6

of .aindra8

5ihu of Assam

-5ihu is the festi*al of /ew 9ear

of Assam falling on mid April. This is a

festival of nature and mother earth

where the )rst day is for the cows andbualos. ihu songs are energetic and

with beats to welcome the festive spring.

Assamese drums dhol!, :epahorm

usually made from bualo horn!, gogona

are ma+or instruments used.

andia

-andia is a form of dance-oriented

folk music that has also been adapted

for pop music. The present musical style

is derived from the traditional musical

accompaniment to the folk dance. It is

practised in mainly! the state of u+rat.

ctually /andiya is a kind of dance rather

than a music, the music is calleda ara in local language.

anasangeet

-anasangeet is generally sung in

chorus carrying some social message.

The songs are usually about reedom,

communit strength, patriotism. /ue

to the ritish occupation in India, a lot of

protest songs about anti-imperialism0pro-socialism have been written in India.

1*amples2 pni 3adi 4o $um $argis Mita

&akte 5ahin, a+adee hoyni tor, 4adam

kadam badhaye +aa, %ande Mataram, etc.

;ttarakhandi Music

-;ttarakhandi folk music had its root

in the lap of nature. The pure and

blessed music have the feel and thetouch of nature and sub+ects related to

nature. The folk music primarily is related

to the various festivals, religious

traditions, folk stories and simple life of

the people of 6ttarakhand.

-Musical instruments used

in 6ttarakhand music include the dhol,

damoun, turri, ransingha, dholki,

daur, thali, hankora andmasakha+a. (ala and harmonium

are also used, but to a lesser e#tent8

'a*ani

'a*ani comes from the word 'a*ana

which means lo*e. This is one of the

most popular forms of dance and music

that is practiced all over Maharashtra.



Traditionally, the songs are sung by

female artistes, but male artistes

may occasionally sing 'a*anis. The

dance format associated with 7avani is

known as (amasha. /ance performed by

attractive women wearing nine-yard

saris. They are sung in a <uick tempo.

The verve, the enthusiasm, the rhythmand above all the very beat of India )nds

an e*pressive declaration amidst the folk

music of India, which has somewhat,

rede)ned the term 7liss7. 7avani

originated in the arid region of

Maharashtra and Madha :radesh8

.a+asthan

-is derived from the comination ofstring instruments, percussion

instruments and wind instruments

accompanied by renditions of folk

singers. It en+oys a respectable presence

in ollywood music as well.

-has a very diverse cultural collection of

musician castes, including 'angas,

!apera, 5hopa, =ogi

and Manganiarlit. the ones whoask0beg!. Rajasthan Diary "uotes it as a

soulful, full-throated music with

harmonious diversity. The melodies of

8a+asthan come from a variety of

instruments.

:opular music

ilm music

-The iggest form of Indian popular

music is >lm, or songs from Indian

>lms, it makes up ?2@ of the music

sales in India. The )lm industry of India

supported music by according reverence

to classical music while utili3ing the

western orchestration to support Indian

melodies.

.aga .ock

-.aga rock is rock or pop music with a

heavy Indian inuence, either in its

construction, its timbre, or its use of

instrumentation, such as the sitar and

tala. 8aga and other forms of classical

Indian music began to inuence manyrock groups during the 1%Bs9 most

famously (he 5eatles. 8ock music in

India has its origins in the :;<=s when

international stars such as The

eatles visited India and brought their

music with them. These artists'

collaboration with Indian musicians such

as .a*i !hankar and akir

Hussain have led to the development

of raga rock.

Indian rock

-The rock music >scene> in India is small

compared to the )lmi or fusion musicality

>scenes> but as of recent years has come

into its own, achieving a cult status of

sorts. 8ock music in India originated

around the 1%Bs

ance Music

Indian hip hop

-Hip hop music in India had started at

around 1B and 5aa !ehgal is

credited as India)s >rst rapper. $ip $op

music became all the more famous with

the song ):ettai .ap) from the (amil

mo*ie &adhalan starring :rahu

e*a. The song catapulted !uresh

:eters as a rapper and a music director.

8ap0$ip $op was often used in the

regional movies as )llers in between

songs and o late has started to become

main stream songs.

!ome Instruments



otara

-is a two or four or sometimes >*e

stringed musical instrument resembling

more to mandolin than a guitar. It is

commonly used

in Assam, 5angladesh, Dest

5engal E 5ihar, and dates from the:?th-:<th century when it was adopted

by the ascetic cults of auls and @akirs.

Fktara

-literally 7one-string7, also

called iktar,ektar, aktaro gopichand!

is a one-string instrument most often

used in traditional

music from 5angladesh, India, Fgpt,

and :akistan.

5ulul tarang

-literally >wa*es of nightingales>,

alternately Indian or :un+ai an+o! is

a string instrument from India and Indian

and (akistani (un+ab which evolved from

the Aapanese taishBgoto, which likely

arrived in &outh sia in the 13Bs8

-The instrument employs two sets of

strings, one set for drone, and one for

melod. The strings run over a plate

or fretoard, while above are keys

resembling typewriter keys, which when

depressed fret or shorten the strings to

raise their pitch.

Fsra+

-also called the Indian harp! is a string

instrument found in two forms

throughout the north, central, and east

regions of India. It is a young instrument

by Indian terms, being only about 2BB

ears old.

!arinda

-is a stringed Indian and /epali folk

musical instrument similar to

lutes or >ddles. It is played with

a ow and has etween three and

thirt strings depending on the

region. The bottom part of the front of

its hollow wooden soundo# is covered

with animal skin. It is played while

sitting on the ground in

a vertical orientation.

Music of (hailand

Mor 'am

-Mor lam is the dominant folk music of

Thailand's north-eastern Isan region,

which has a mainly 'ao population8 It

has much in common with luk thung,

such as its focus on the life of the rural

poor. It is characteri3ed by rapid->re,

rhthmic *ocals and a funk feel to

the percussion. The lead singer, also

called a mor lam, is most often

accompanied by the khaen, also known

as khene.

'uk thung

-Luk thung, or (hai countr music,

developed in the mid-2Bth centur to

reect daily trials and tribulations of rural

Thais. :ongsri Doranut and !urapol

!omatchareon were the genre)s >rstig stars, incorporating inuences

from, sia. Many of the most popular

artists have come from the central city

of &uphanburi, including

megastar :umpuang uang+an, who

pioneered electronic luk thung. The late

B)s saw a commercial resurgence of 7uk

Thung, and the modern electri)ed, pop-



inuenced version of the genre remains

the country's most popular music form.

.F/AI!!A/CF M;!IC

- :?=-:<==

(he 4 Ma+or F*ents Gf the .enaissance

period

:.The MA/A CA.(A D it was a document

that limited the power of kings in ritain

E. The .F/AI!!A/CF D it was a time of

growing knowledge for the poor, the idea of

humanism and the idea of free thinking

F. The :.I/(I/ :.F!! D it was probably

the greatest invention of this time

- this made books cheaper and easier toaord for the poor

- this caused many poor citi3ens who could

couldnGt read before to learn how to read

. The .FG.MA(IG/ D started when

Martin 7uther wrote the ;? theses which

were against the churches bad practices

amous :ersons from the .enaissance

/icolaus Copernicus Dastronomer

known for )guring out that the sun is

the center of our solar system

esiderius Frasmus- /utch scholar

and theologian

alileo alilei- his achievements

include improvements to the telescope

and conse"uent astronomical

observations

=ohann utenerg- the printing

press invented by Herman goldsmith

Aohann Hutenberg in 144

'eonardo da "inci- an Italian

polymath, painter, sculptor, architect,

musician, scientist, mathematician,

engineer, inventor, anatomist,

geologist and writer often been

described as the .enaissance

ManJ

Ital and "enice as merchant and

intellectual centers

• 8epublic of @lorence

• 8epublic of %enice

"F/ICF D 1uropeGs gateway to trade with the

1ast produced >ne glass

'G.F/CF D the capital of sil*er and

+ewelr

Medici amil D played an important role in

patroni3ing and stimulating the arts

M;!IC G.M! G .F/AI!!A/CF M;!IC

Mass- a sacred choral composition that sets

the )*ed portions of the 1ucharistic liturgy

Grder of music

:8 &rie K 4yrie means od

- this is the )rst piece in a musical mass

E. loria D means lor and follows the

kyrie

F. Credo - means creed or elief

- is the longest te*t of a sung Mass

. !anctus - means hol

?. 5enedictus K means 5lessedJ

<. Agnus ei- means 'am of odJ

MG(F( - it is a polyphonic work with four or

)ve voice parts singing one religious te*t

- these are religious works or compositions

MA.IA'- this is a polyphonic work, which

means it has many musical lines of e"ual

importance



- were performed in groups of four, )ve or si*

singers

- they sang secular music, a non-religious

music

- these are usually love songs

Gpera

- 1nglish plural2 operas; Italian

plural2 opere! is an art form in

which singers and musicians perform

a dramatic work combining te*t called

a libretto! and musical score, usually in a

theatrical setting.

- pera incorporates many of the elements

of spoken theatre, such as acting, scenery,

and costumes and sometimes

includes dance. The performance is typically

given in an opera house, accompanied by an

orchestra or smaller musical ensemle

Cantata

- literally 7sung7, past participle of the

Italian verb 7cantare7!

- is a *ocal composition with

an instrumental accompaniment, typically in

several movements, often involving a choir.

(rio !onata

- is written for two solo melodic instruments

and basso continuo, making three parts in

all, hence the name trio sonata.

- $owever, because the basso continuo is

usually made up of at least two instruments

typically a cello or bass ,a keyboard

instrument such as the harpsichord!

Gratorio

- is a large musical

composition for orchestra, choir,

and soloists.

- 7ike an opera, an oratorio includes the use

of a choir, soloists, an ensemble.

- $owever, opera is musical theatre, while

oratorio is strictly a concert pieceJthough

oratorios are sometimes staged as operas,

and operas are sometimes presented in

concert form.

Concerto rosso

- Italian for ig concerto6, plural concertigrossi! is a form of baro"ue music in which

the musical material is passed between a

small group of soloists the concertino! and

full orchestra.

- This is in contrast to the solo

concerto which features a single solo

instrument with the melody line,

accompanied by the orchestra.

:a*ane

- pavan, paven, pavin, pavian, pavine, or

pavyn It. pa*ana, pado*ana9

Her. :aduana! is a slow processional

dance common in 1urope during the :<th

century 8enaissance!.

!altarello

- a lively Italian dance for one person or a

couple

C'A!!ICA' :F.IG

-It covers the period 1?$B-12B.

-It was actually a reaction against the

5aro<ue :eriod.

-The musical style was an attempt to produce

music that is elegant, well-alanced and

moderate in e#pression

ran =osef Hadn 1?32-1B6

-ather of the !mphoniesJ

- prominent and proli)c composer of his

time

-?$B original composition

– 1BB symphonies



– $2 piano sonatas

– 3 oratorios

– 14 masses

-ne his greatest contributions to music,

aside from his long list of works, is the

establishment of the parts of the concerto

and sonata form into fast-slow-fast

movements.

-$e died in 1B at the age of se*ent-

se*en.

'udwig *an 5eetho*en 1??B-12?6

-$e was born in erman.

-$e was a transition composer-from

Classical :eriod to .omantic :eriod.

-$e was the >rst successful freelanceJ

composer.

-$e had patrons to support music his music,

unlike Mo3art.

-$e suered from hearing disailit.

-$e produced a great number of works which

have become standards in all classical

programs.

-#hen he composed his symphony no. ; in

minor / choral! and his Missa &olemnis, he

was totally deaf.

Dolfgang Amadeus Moart 1?$%-1?16

-$e was born in !alurg.

-$e was a son of a gifted violist, 'eopold

Moart.

-$e was a very gifted composer and pianist

-$e produced %BB works with his short life

-$e later settled in "ienna where he married

and live in a constant )nancial struggle.

-$e died very poor and was buried in a

pauperLs gra*e.

A.(

.eincarnation- new life in a new body

Ionic Grder- buildings were made up of

columns

Corinthian Grder- characteri3ed by

slender uted columns and elaborates

capitals decorated with acanthus leaves

and strolls.

Athena- goddess of crafts and domestic

arts. (atron of thens.

Hieratic- cursive writing system used in

the provenance of the pharaohs in 1gypt.

Hieroglphics- sacred writingJ is the

character of 1gyptian writing system.

-The 1gyptians use amulets charms6

not only by decorations but because they

believed that this item protect them from

harm.

5ent :ramid

Constructed in 1gypt during the reign of

&ing !neferu 2$?$ 5C!

Constructed in two stages

:st, architect build the walls

?? degrees but encountered

structural problem

End , they attened the angles

to F degrees.

The pyramidGs unusual shape

gave it its name.

reat :ramid of ia

/emonstrate the power of the

1gyptian pharaohs of the old

kingdom.



:otter

-ceramic act of making pottery wares

earthenware, stoneware and porcelain!

.omanticism

- 1BB-14B

.ousseau- Man is orn free, ut is

e*erwhere in chainsJ

.omanticism also the 8omantic era or

the 8omantic period!

- was an artistic, literary, and intellectual

movement that originated in Furope toward

the end of the :Kth century and in most

areas was at its peak in the appro*imate

period fro

- /e)ning the nature of 8omanticism may be

approached from the starting point of the

primary importance of the free e*pression of

the feelings of the artist 1BB to 1$B

- The importance the 8omantics placed on

emotion is summed up in the remark of the

erman painter Caspar a*id

riedrich that 7the artist)s feeling is his

law

- In literature, 8omanticism found recurrent

themes in the evocation or criticism of the

past, the cult of 7sensiilit7 with its

emphasis on women and children, the

isolation of the artist or narrator, and respect

for nature.

- 8omantic painters and sculptors tended to

e*press an emotional personal response to

life, in contrast to the restraint and universal

values advocated by /eoclassical art.

- The tenets of romanticism included2 a

return to nature - e*empli)ed by an

emphasis on spontaneous plain-air painting -

a belief in the goodness of humanity,

- the promotion of +ustice for all, and a strong

belief in the senses and emotions, rather

than reason and intellect.

AMG;! .GMA/(IC A.(I!(!

erdinand "ictor Fugene elacroi#

- was a @rench .omantic artist regarded

from the outset of his career as the leader of

the @rench

- /elacroi*'s use of e#pressi*e

rushstrokes and his study of the optical

eects of color profoundly shaped the work

of the Impressionists, while his passion for

the e*otic inspired the artists of

the &ymbolist movement 8omantic school

- (he eath of !ardanapalus

- (he 'iert 'eading the :eople

Caspar a*id riedrich

- was a 1th-centur erman

.omantic landscape painter, generally

considered the most important Herman artist

of his generation.

- $e is best known for his mid-

period allegorical landscapes which

typically feature contemplative )gures

silhouetted against night skies, morning

mists, barren trees or Hothic ruins.

- $is primary interest as an artist was the

contemplation of nature, and his often

symbolic and anti-classical work seeks to

convey a sub+ective, emotional response to

the natural world.

Dilliam 5lake

- an Fnglish painter, poet and printmaker.

7argely unrecognied during his lifetime,

- lake is now considered a seminal >gure

in the history of the poetry and visual arts of

the 8omantic ge.

- $is prophetic poetry has been said to form

7what is in proportion to its merits the

least read od of poetr in the Fnglish

language78

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sensibility

http://www.visual-arts-cork.com/history-of-art/neo-classical.htm

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Romanticism

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Impressionism

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Symbolism_(arts)

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/German_Romanticism


http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Landscape_art

http://www.visual-arts-cork.com/history-of-art/neo-classical.htm

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Romanticism

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Impressionism

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Symbolism_(arts)



http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Landscape_art

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sensibility



- $is visual artistry led one contemporary art

critic to proclaim him 7far and awa the

greatest artist 5ritain has e*er

produced78

- In 2BB2, lake was placed at number FK in

the C's poll of the :== Hreatest ritons

=ohn Constale

- was an Fnglish .omantic painter. orn

in !uNolk , he is known principally for his

landscape paintings of edham "ale, the

area surrounding his homeJnow known as

>Constable Country>Jwhich he invested with

an intensity of aection. L

- I should paint m own places est7, he

wrote to his friend =ohn isher in 121,

7painting is ut another word forfeeling7

- lthough his paintings are now among the

most popular and valuable in ritish art,

Constable was never )nancially successful.

- $e did not become a member of the

establishment until he was elected to

the .oal Academ at the age of $28

5aro<ue :eriod

5aro<ue- (ortuguese noun 5arrocoJ

which means La pearl that is not round

but of unpredictable and elaborate in

shape.

A.(I!(! (HA( .F:.F!F/( 5A.GO;F

iego "elas<ue iego .odrigue

de !il*a "elas<ue!- the most

important &panish painter of the :th

century, a giant western art.

ianloreno 5ernini- most artistic

talent of the Italian aro"ue

"ara*aggio 1$?1-1%1B6- best

e*emplar of naturalistic painting in the

early :th century

.emrant 1%B%-1%%6- utch

aro"ue artist

:eter :aul .uens 1$??-1%4B6-

@lemish painter

:8F8

5allroom dance

-it is a set of partner dances, which are

en+oyed both sociall and competiti*el

around the world. ecause of its

performance and entertainment aspects,

ballroom dance is also widely en+oyed onstage, )lm, and television.

-it may refer, at its widest, to almost any

type of social dancing as recreation.

-It usually refers to the International

!tandard and International 'atin stle

dances

-The term )allroom dancing) is derived

from the word ball , which in turn originates

from the 'atin word ballare which means

)to dance) a ballroom being a large room

specially designed for such dances!.

Flement of Competition

-In competition ballroom, dancers are +udged

by diverse criteria such as 2

• :oise

•

the hold or frame

• posture

• musicalit and e#pression,

• timing, od alignment and

shape, Poor craft, foot and

leg action, and

presentation8

(pes of !ocial05allroom ance

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Royal_Academy

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Royal_Academy



Cha Cha

-is a li*el, Pirtatious ballroom dance full of

passion and energy. The classic 7Cuan

motion7 gives the Cha Cha its uni"ue style.

(artners work together to synchroni3e each

movement in perfect alignment.

o#trot

- The o#trot is a smooth dance in which

dancers make long, owing movements

across the oor.

=i*e

-is a ballroom dance style that originated in

the ;nited !tates from frican-mericans.

It is a li*el form of !wing dance, and a

*ariation of the =itterug.

'ind Hop

-is the ballroom dance considered to be the

father of all !wing dances. It is known for

its uni"ue, athletic style, and often contains

aerial +umps, twists and ips.

Mamo

-is one of the most sensual and emotional

7atin merican ballroom dances. &waying hipmovements, facial e*pressions, arm

movements and holds all add to the

sensuality of the dance.

:aso ole

-is one of the li*eliest ballroom dances,

originating in southern rance. It is

modeled after the sound, drama, and

movement of the !panish ull>ght.

Ouickstep

-is a <uick *ersion of the o#trot. It is a

ballroom dance comprised of e#tremel

<uick stepping, syncopated feet rhythms,

and runs of "uick steps. The Nuickstep is

e*citing to watch, but among the most

diOcult of all the ballroom dances.

.uma

-is considered by many to be the most

romantic and sensual of all 7atin ballroom

dances. It is often referred to as the

7randfather of the 'atin dances87

!ama

-(ossibly the most popular of all 5railian

allroom dances, the &amba is popularwith young people as well as older

generations. The &amba can be performed

solo or with a partner.

(ango

-is one of the most fascinating of all

allroom dances. This sensual ballroom

dance originated in !outh America in the

early twentieth centur.

Dalt

-is one of the smoothest allroom

dances. It is a progressive dance marked by

long, owing movements, continuous turns,

and 7rise and fall87 The dance is so

graceful and elegant, #alt3 dancers

appear to glide around the oor with almost

no eort.

5A!&F(5A''

-nly ma+or team sports that is completel

American in origin.

-&tarted with a peach asket

• Invented by r8 =ames /aismith

– student in 9MCA !pring>eld

Massachusetts

• 11

• r8 'uther ullick

- :8F8 professor in PMC &pring)eld

Massachusetts

acilities and F<uipments

5asketall Court

-.ectangular in shape



-lat surface, rueried colored paint

for outdoor court and wooden Poor for

indoor court.

Q&i3es are as follows

-42 feet * 44 feet - for +uniors

-$B feet * 4 feet - for high school

-$B * B feet- for College and

professionals

.I/

-Made up of solid iron

-1 inches in diameter

-1B feet above the oor

5A''

-Inated leather nlon

-2 - 3B inches circumference

-2B - 22 ounces in weight

-ark orange in color

;niform

!horts, !ando or +erse, !ocks, .uer

shoes

undamental !kills

riling

- Is the successi*e tapping of the

all with the palm of the hands towards

the oor with full control and follow

through

G5=FC(I"F!

-(o ad*ance the all

-(o reak for a asket

-(o maneu*er a diQcult situation

(pes of rile

• Cross- o*er drile - Is used to

move the ball from one hand to the

other.

• 5etween-the-leg drile - is used

to change direction to protect the ball

from your opponent

• !pin drile - to move to change

direction to reverse pivot.

• 5ehind-the-ack drile K to move

or face change direction to protect the

ball from the player in front.

• Gne K side K right left6 K deceptive

dribble for getting open on a drive tothe basket .

:assing

-The act of throwing the all towards a

teammate using any of the types of the

pass with correct body position.

(pes of :ass

-Chess :ass K Push or two handed pass

-5aseall :ass - ne handed pass

-5ounce pass

-;nderhand pass

-G*erhead pass

GQcials and their uties in the ame

.eferee

-Inspect and approves all e"uipment facilities

to be used.

-1*amines the score sheets during intervals.

-&tops the games when conditions warrant it

-Makes the )nal decision after consultations

with the other referees.



-$as the power to make decisions on any

point not especially covered by the rules.

-lows his whistle simultaneously giving the

signal to stop the clock causing the ball to

become dead.

-#hen a personal foul is committed, blows

whistle and gives signal to stop the clock.

-Indicates to the oender that a foul has

been committed.

!corer

-The scorer shall use the oQcialLs score

sheet

-.ecords the name and numer of

plaers based on the submitted line up

sheet

-.ecords the >eld goals and free throws

made, personal and technical fouls called on

each player.

-5oti)es the referee when the $th foul is

already committed.

Assistant scorer

-Gperates the score oard

-In case of discrepancy between the score

board and the score sheet the oOcial score

sheet shall take precedence

(ime keeper

-4eeps of record of plaing time and all

time stoppage.

-5otes when each "uarter is to start and

noti)es the team and oOcials at least threeminutes in advance.

-Indicates the e*piration of playing time in

each "uarter, period, and e*tra period.

24 second operator- perates the E

second device

Common terminologies

5aseline - refers to the end line

Charging K personal contact against the

body of a defensive opponent by a player

with the ball.

oule foul - when two opponents commit

personal foul against each other at the same

time.

ast reak K moving the ball "uietly down

court in order to score before the defense

can set up

ield goal K a basket scored from the )eld

ree throw K the privilege given to a player

to score one or two points by unhindered

shots for a goal from within a free throw,

circle and behind the free throw line

=ump all K a method of putting a ball into

play to start the game

G*er time period K an e*tra period of

playing time if the score is tied at the end of

the regulation game

:ersonal foul - a player foul that involves

contact with an opponent while the ball is

alive.

(echnical foul D a non-contact foul abide by

a player team or coach for unsportsmanlike

behavior or failure to abide the rules

(hrow-in D a method of putting a ball in play

from a out of bounce

(ra*elling D when a player in possession of

the ball within bounce progresses illegally in

any direction

"iolation D an infraction of the rules

resulting in a throw in front out of bounce for

the opponents.

5AMI/(G/

- It is a sport of techni<ue and power

- /evelops speed and agilit



-&imilar to tennis

- This sport showed its roots in an old

childrenGs game in Fngland known as

attledoore and shuttlecock

:oona-)rst name of badminton

- It is also a racket sports

-(layed by two opposing teams. It can be

LsinglesR or LdoublesR

12- adminton became an lympic sport

acilities and F<uipments

5adminton Court

- 2B feet by 44 feet

- service court for singles- ?.:F meters wide

and :F.= meters long

-service for doubles- <.:= meters wideand

::.KK meters long

- The court is divided into two parts called

center line in which we place the net with

:.?? meters high

.AC&F(

- used to hit the shuttle

- closely similar to a tennis racket

Rrame of the .acketR

18 Head- stringed area

28 !tringed area- part of the racket where

it hits the shuttle

38 (hroat- connects the shaft and the head

48 !haft- connects the handle to the head

$8 Handle- intended to be gripped by the

player

!huttlecock

-must be made of natural0snthetic

materials

e>nition of (erms

Attack one- court area where the smash

can be done

5ack court- midway of the court down to

the baseline

5ackhand- a stroke on the left side of the

body by a right-handed player

5ackhand grip- method of holding a racket

to e*ecute a backhand stroke

5aseline- back boundary line

5ird- shuttlecock

Center line- divides the court into E parts

Cross Court- diagonal tra+ectory

oules- E participants

orehand- a stroke hit on the right handGs

side of a player

orehand grip-hand stroke grip to hit the

forehand stroke

rip- manner of holding the racket

I5- International adminton @ederation

&ill- a smash

'et- allowance to replay a service

'ong !er*e- high serve directed to the

receiver

'o*e- 3ero or no score

.all- e*change of shots before a fault is

made

!er*e- to put the ball in play



!hort !er*ice- over the net and lands on

the short service line

iNerent !trokes in 5adminton

Clear !hot- used to move your opponent

back so you can return to your home position

!mash shot- hit the shuttle down. 6sed to

end the point "uickly

rop shot- short shot, falls close to the net

of the opponent

2 5asic rip

orehand rip- hit with the fronthand

leading

5ackhand grip- hit with the backhand

leading

HFA'(H(oacco- is a dried leaf of several species

of nicotine, which is the main content of

cigarette.

angerous sustance of (oacco

/icotine- it is poison which immediately

aects lung function and contracts

the cardio *ascular sstem. It

destros *itamin C which is vital tooneGs health.

(ar- &ubstance that contains

carcinogens that cause cancer. It is a

thick, rown and stick sustance

that is produced when tobacco is burned.

Caron Mono#ide-It is released once

ou urn cigarette. It is a dangerous

gas that interferes with the bloodGs ability

to carry o*ygen.

.easons wh :eople !moke

• Curiosity

• (eer pressure

• 1n+oyment and pleasure

• Create a social atmosphere

• 1ases away depression

• 8elief of some problems and

tension

iseases Associated with !moking

• Fmphsema- is a killer disease in

which there is a destruction of

reathing mechanism.

• Cancer of theS

7ungs, mouth, bladder, esophagus,

(ancreas, coronary heart disease, 7aryn*,

ulcer

Dho smokesT

• 1ach day, more than F,E== people

under :K smoke their )rst

cigarette, and appro*imately E,:==

youth and young adults become

daily smokers.

• ; out of := smokers start before

the age of :K, and ;KS start

smoking by age E<.

• : in ? adults and teenagers smoke.

• In E=::, an estimated :;S of 6.&.

adults were cigarette smokers.



• ppro*imately :KS of high school

students smoke cigarettes.

• In E=::, nearly :KS of high school

boys were current cigar users.

• @rom :;< to E=:, the proportion

of adult smokers declined from

E.=S to :K.=S.

acts aout !moking

• &moking causes : in every ?

deathsin the 6.&. every year.

• 1very cigarette you

smoke reduces your

e*pected life span by :: minutes

• single cigarettecontains

over ,K== chemicals, <; of which

are known to cause cancer.

• bout <;S of smokers want

to "uit completely

• 1very day, nearly === teens in the

6.&. smoke their )rst cigarette,

while :,=== start smoking on a

daily basis.

• 1*posure to&econdhand

smokecauses nearly ?=,===

deaths each year in the 6.&. alone.

• &moking near pple

computers voids the warranty.

• More than athird of theworld's

smokers are Chinese.

Alcohol

- common depressant

-The oldest and widely used mind altering

substance

-7i"uid organic compound that aects

the normal body metabolism

Classi>cations of Alcohol

Fthl Alcohol

-re found in alcoholic e*erages like

eer, gin, -and whisk

- the alcohol content in an alcoholic

beverage is measured in proof

-@orm from fermentation of fruits or

grains of cereals

-lso known as grain alcohol

Methl Alcohol

-re those found in industrial products

or in cosmetics

-$as poisonous properties and used as

denaturant additive for ethanol for

industrial

-It is used in thinner or paints

-lso known as wood alcohol

isinfectants

-re those used in the >eld ofmedicine

-Isopropyl alcohol or rubbing alcohol

iNerent (pes of Alcoholic rinks

5eer- (roduced by the fermentation of

sugars derived from starch base

materials

Dine- Made from fermentation of

grape fruits

istilled 'i<uor- li"uid preparation

meant for consumption containing ethyl

alcohol puri)ed by distillation from a

fermented substance such as fruit,

vegetables or grain.



-brandy

-ram

-vodka

-whiskey

Mi#ed rinks- ny alcoholic drink mi*edwith +uice, sodas or with other type of

alcoholic drink

-martini

-tonics

.easons Dh :eople rink Alcohol

&ocial customs

To celebrate events

To relieve shyness

To escape problems or pressure

To conform

To enhance the pleasure of food

(arental inuence

ppeal of the adds

@eeling of sophistication

FNects of the Alcohol on the 5od

!stem

-Coordination is aected

-rain cells are destroyed

-lood vessels dilate giving blushedappearance and temporary warm feeling

-/isturbs the function of the liver in

breaking down fats and fatty deposits in

the liver

-Irritates the stomach and intestinal

lining causing inammation

FNects of Alcohol to GneLs amil

-Conicts with members of the family

-5ot able to work, less income

-7ost of +obs

-Theft from family members to sustainhabit

-&hows decrease scholastic

achievements for Dstudents

5ariturates

-medicines that act on the central

nervous system that causes drowsiness

and sei3ures convulsions!.

- Central /er*ous !stemJ

depressants

-sedative hypnotic drugs that can make

people sleep, calm and very rela*ed

-sold in capsule, tablet, li"uid and

in+ectable forms

-commonly used2 :henoarital

5arita6 and secoarita !econal6

!igns of an G*erdosed :erson

- sever drowsiness

- breathing problems

- slurred speech

- staggering

- slow heartbeat

- severe confusion

- severe weakness

!ide eNects of ariturates when

stopped



- di33iness, lightheadedness or faintness

- an*iety or restlessness

- hallucinations

- vision problems

- nausea and vomiting

- sei3ure convulsions!

- muscle twitches or trembling hands

- weakness

- sleeping problems, nightmares or

increased dreaming

mapeh lecture

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